WO2013089100A1 - 硬化性樹脂組成物 - Google Patents
硬化性樹脂組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013089100A1 WO2013089100A1 PCT/JP2012/082070 JP2012082070W WO2013089100A1 WO 2013089100 A1 WO2013089100 A1 WO 2013089100A1 JP 2012082070 W JP2012082070 W JP 2012082070W WO 2013089100 A1 WO2013089100 A1 WO 2013089100A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/66—Mercaptans
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/68—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the catalysts used
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a curable composition and a curing method capable of being rapidly cured by irradiation with active energy rays at room temperature or a low heating temperature.
- Photocuring technology such as liquid resin (polymerization and curing technology by irradiation of active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays) is excellent in low-temperature curing, process shortening, short-time curing, and fine workability compared to conventional thermal curing technology. It is widely used for adhesives, sealants, coating agents, resist agents, etc., taking advantage of these characteristics. Curing systems generally used in photocuring at present are roughly classified into radical curing systems and cationic curing systems. In the case of radical curing system, photo radical generator and (meth) acrylate resin are the main components, and it is characterized by curing quickly after light irradiation, but generally has low adhesive strength, large curing shrinkage, and heat resistance. There are problems such as bad.
- the cationic curing system consists of a photoacid generator such as diaryliodonium salt or triarylsulfonium salt and a cationic polymerizable epoxy resin, oxetane resin, vinyl ether resin, etc., and the photoacid generator generates an acid upon irradiation with light. Occurs to cure the cationically polymerizable resin.
- a photoacid generator such as diaryliodonium salt or triarylsulfonium salt
- a cationic polymerizable epoxy resin oxetane resin, vinyl ether resin, etc.
- the photoacid generator generates an acid upon irradiation with light. Occurs to cure the cationically polymerizable resin.
- cationic curing it has characteristics such as fast curing, high adhesive strength, and low curing shrinkage, but because of the occurrence of poor curing due to moisture or slight basic contamination on the surface of the adherend, and strong acid remains in the system When used for
- Non-patent Document 1 Technology that generates basic compounds by light is widely used in photoresist technology, and in the case of narrow line width resists, an anionic polymerization type curing form with little termination reaction is required to obtain dimensional stability of developed edges.
- Non-Patent Document 2 Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3
- amines are listed as typical basic compounds, and amines are the most useful photogenerated bases to date.
- a substituted benzyl carbamate derivative generates primary and secondary amines by light irradiation, and enables a curing reaction of an epoxy compound (Non-Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5).
- attempts to photochemically generate tertiary amines have also been studied. Photolysis of tetraalkylammonium salts has been proposed as a method for photochemically generating tertiary amines (Non-patent Document 6).
- Patent Document 5 discloses carboxylic acid ammonium salts
- Patent Document 6 discloses ⁇ -aminoacetophenone derivatives
- Patent Document 7 discloses aromatic amine imide compounds
- Patent Document 8 discloses amine imide compounds, singlet / triplet sensitization.
- a composition containing an agent and an epoxy resin is disclosed.
- Patent Document 9 discloses ⁇ -aminoacetophenones as compounds that efficiently generate tertiary amines. Addition of an epoxy resin and a polyvalent thiol compound, which is a combination of an existing compound and a hydrogen abstraction-type radical initiator, A system in which tertiary amine is generated more efficiently after light irradiation in the curing reaction and the resin is cured has been reported.
- Patent Document 10 and Non-Patent Document 7 report the curing of an epoxy resin by a compound that generates amidines by light, and a composition by an epoxy resin and a thiol compound.
- a photobase generator a report of a salt compound of quaternary ammonium and tetraphenylborate (Non-patent Document 8), a salt compound of triazabicyclodecene and tetraphenylborate (Non-patent Document 9), etc. Has been made.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a composition comprising an epoxy resin, a thiol compound, and a photoanion initiator, but these also do not have the ability to cure the epoxy resin quickly after completion of light irradiation.
- Patent Document 10 and Patent Document 11 disclose curing of an epoxy resin by a compound that generates amidines having a large basicity by light as a photoanion initiator, and a composition by an epoxy resin and a thiol compound. There is no mention of the specific composition and what cure rate is exhibited.
- Non-Patent Document 7 discloses a technique in which a composition comprising an epoxy resin, polythiol and a photoanion initiator disclosed in Patent Document 10 is cured in 2.5 hours after irradiation with energy rays, and the photoactivity of the composition is thioxanthone or benzophenone. However, this also does not have a curing rate that can cure the epoxy resin promptly after completion of light irradiation, and further, the storage stability of the composition is not sufficient. .
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, that is, it can be used for various applications such as adhesion, sealing, casting, molding, painting, coating, photoetching, photoprinting, etc.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a curable composition that can be rapidly cured at a low temperature by irradiation with energy rays, and a method for curing the same.
- a curable composition comprising the following components (A) to (C): (A) Component: Compound having two or more glycidyl groups in the molecule (B) Component: Compound having two or more thiol groups in the molecule (C) Component: having an anion represented by the following general formula (1)
- the quaternary ammonium cation of Z + is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene, tria
- the alkali metal cation of Z + is selected from the group consisting of cations having one or more structures of zabicyclodecene, hexahydromethylpyrimidopyrimidine, and tetra n-butylammonium in the molecule, and the alkali metal cation of Z + is a sodium cation, a potassium cation And the phosphonium cation of Z + is a compound represented by the following general formula (4), wherein any one of [1] to [3] The curable composition according to 1.
- a compound wherein the component (D) is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formulas (5) to (8); benzyl ketal photoradical polymerization initiator, ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone photoradical polymerization Selected from the group consisting of an initiator, a benzoin-based photoradical polymerization initiator, an aminoacetophenone-based photoinitiator, an oxime ketone-based photoradical polymerization initiator, an acylphosphine oxide-based photoradical polymerization initiator, and the general formula (9)
- a radical polymerization initiator ; a nitro compound selected from the group consisting of nitrobenzoic acid and nitroaniline; an aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of naphthalene derivatives and anthracene derivatives; or riboflavin, rose bengal, eosin, erythrosin, Methylene blue and New methylene blue rose Characterized in that it is selected from a dye selected
- the curable composition according to any one of [1] to [6] is irradiated with an active energy ray having a wavelength of 150 to 830 nm, and then the composition is cured at room temperature or in a heating environment.
- the curable composition of the present invention can be rapidly cured at room temperature or at a low heating temperature by irradiation with active energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, and is excellent in storage stability. Furthermore, in the curable composition of this invention which used (D) component together, active energy ray sclerosis
- the curable composition of the present invention enables adhesion of an opaque material and curing of a portion shaded by ultraviolet rays. Moreover, the fluidity
- the compound containing two or more glycidyl groups in the molecule which is the component (A) in the curable composition of the present invention, is a compound containing two or more glycidyl groups in the molecule in addition to what is generally called an epoxy resin. I need it. Moreover, you may have functional groups other than a glycidyl group. Specific examples of the functional group include a hydroxyl group, an acryl group, a methacryl group, a vinyl group, an acetal group, an ester group, a carbonyl group, an amide group, and an alkoxysilyl group. These glycidyl group-containing compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- component (A) examples include diglycidyl ethers derived from bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin and derivatives thereof, diglycidyl ethers derived from bisphenol F and epichlorohydrin, and derivatives thereof, so-called epi-bis type liquid epoxy resins Glycidyl ether derived from aliphatic / aromatic alcohol and epichlorohydrin, glycidyl ester derived from polybasic acid and epichlorohydrin, and derivatives thereof, glycidyl ether derived from hydrogenated bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, 3,4-epoxy Aliphatic cyclic epoxy such as -6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexanecarboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl) adipate And derivatives thereof, 5,5′-dimethylhydantoin type epoxy resin, triglycidyl isocyanate, substitute
- diglycidyl ether derived from bisphenol A or bisphenol F and epichlorohydrin is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining a composition having a good balance between price and curability, adhesion of cured products, and physical strength.
- a polyfunctional epoxy is used, a composition excellent in curability and heat resistance of the cured product can be obtained.
- an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic epoxy compound is used, a composition having excellent transparency, weather resistance and flexibility of the cured product can be obtained.
- Examples of commercially available epoxy resin products include JER (former Epicoat) 828, 1001, 801, 806, 807, 152, 604, 630, 871, YX8000, YX8034, YX4000, Dainippon Ink Industries, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- the epoxy compound of component (A) preferably has an epoxy equivalent of 30 to 30,000 g / eq, more preferably 40 to 10,000 g / eq, and more preferably 50 to 3,000 g / eq. Further preferred.
- an epoxy equivalent means the gram number of resin containing an epoxy group of 1 g equivalent, and can be measured based on JIS7236 (2001 edition).
- (B) component used for this invention should just be a thiol compound which has two or more thiol groups in a molecule
- trimethylolpropane tristhiopropionate trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate)
- pentaerythritol tetrakisthiopropionate ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate, 1,4-butane Diol bisthioglycolate, trimethylolpropane tristhioglycolate, pentaerythritol tetrakisthioglycolate, di (2-mercaptoethyl) ether, 1,4-butanedithiol, 1,5-dimercapto-3-topentane, 1, 8-dimercapto-3,6-dioxaoctane, 1,3,5-trimercaptomethylbenzene, 4,4'-thiodibenzen
- the storage stability can be improved by using a thiol compound having as little basic impurities as possible. Further, when a thiol compound containing an aromatic ring in the molecule is used, the heat resistance of the cured product can be improved, and when a secondary thiol compound is used, the storage stability can be further improved.
- Thiocol LP-2, LP-3, Polythiol QE-340M examples include, but are not limited to, Karenz MTPE1, TPMB, TEMB, PTMP (pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate)), which can be purchased from Showa Denko Co., Ltd., and Aldrich Reagent. These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- thiol equivalent is (epoxy equivalent: with respect to the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy compound in a composition).
- Thiol equivalent can be added within the range of 10: 1 to 10:90, more preferably within the range of 10: 5 to 10:20.
- a thiol compound is added within the above range, a composition having a more excellent balance between the curing speed, the strength of the cured product and the heat resistance can be obtained.
- the thiol equivalent means the number of grams of a resin containing 1 g equivalent of a thiol group, and can be measured by an iodometric titration method.
- (C) component in the curable composition of this invention is a photobase generator containing the salt which consists of an anion represented by General formula (1), and arbitrary cations, A basic compound is irradiated by irradiation of an active energy ray. appear. Moreover, the curable composition which has the outstanding photocurability and storage stability by (C) component is obtained.
- R 1 to R 4 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and are the same as each other
- substituents include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group (—OH), a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R p and R q each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstitute
- a fluorine atom a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, or an iodine atom is mentioned.
- the aromatic group is an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and is derived from, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or an anthracene ring.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and is not particularly limited.
- a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-hexyl group, and an n-octadecyl group are more preferable.
- the alkyl group that can be substituted is the same as the above-described alkyl group.
- the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, a fluorenyl group, an anthryl group, a pyrenyl group, an azulenyl group, an acenaphthylenyl group, a terphenyl group, and a phenanthryl group. Can be mentioned. Among these, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, and a fluorenyl group are preferable, and a phenyl group and a fluorenyl group are more preferable.
- the alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and is not particularly limited.
- a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-hexyloxy group, and an n-octadecyloxy group are more preferable.
- the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a cyclononyl group, a cyclodecyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group. Group, isobornyl group, tricyclodecyl group, decahydronaphthyl group and the like.
- R p and R q each represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- substituent for substituting the alkyl group or aryl group include an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- ester group alkoxycarbonyl group
- ester group alkoxycarbonyl group
- —COOR p examples include methyloxycarbonyl group, ethyloxycarbonyl group, butyloxycarbonyl group, octyloxycarbonyl group, dodecyloxycarbonyl group), phenyloxycarbonyl group, naphthyloxy A carbonyl group etc. are mentioned.
- amide group alkylaminocarbonyl group or arylaminocarbonyl group (—CONR p R q ) (—CONR p R q ), a methylaminocarbonyl group, an ethylaminocarbonyl group, an n-propylaminocarbonyl group, an n-butylaminocarbonyl group, sec -Butylaminocarbonyl group, n-pentylaminocarbonyl group, n-hexylaminocarbonyl group, n-heptylaminocarbonyl group, n-octylaminocarbonyl group, 2-ethylhexylaminocarbonyl group, dimethylaminocarbonyl group, diethylaminocarbonyl group, Di-n-propylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-butylaminocarbonyl group, di-sec-butylaminocarbonyl group, di-n-pentyla
- Examples of the sulfonyl group include a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a hexylsulfonyl group, and a phenylsulfonyl group.
- Examples of the sulfide group (alkylthio group or arylthio group) (—S—R p ) include a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a t-butylthio group, a tert-butylthio group, and a 2-methyl-1-ethylthiop group.
- a compound represented by the general formula (2) or the general formula (3) is preferably used from the viewpoint of more excellent photocurability.
- R 5 to R 8 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon Aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, ester group (—COOR p ), carboxyl group (—COOH), aldehyde group (—CHO), amino group, imino group, amide group (—NH 2 ), imide group ( ⁇ NH), cyano group (—CN), sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R p ), nitro group (—NO 2 ), sulfide group (—S —R p ), thiol group (—SH), isocyanate group (—N ⁇ C ⁇ O) may be used alone or in any combination of plural groups, and may be the same or different from each other
- R 9 to R 11 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- R 12 represents a carbon number Represents a 1 to 20 alkyl group
- examples of the substituent include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 9 to R 11 represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group
- R 12 represents an alkyl group of 1 to 20
- Z + represents a quaternary ammonium cation or an alkali metal cation. Or a phosphonium cation.
- the quaternary ammonium cation of Z + is 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3. 0.0] Nona-5-ene, triazabicyclodecene, hexahydromethylpyrimidopyrimidine, tetra-n-butylammonium, and a cation having one or more structures in the molecule.
- the Z + alkali metal cation is selected from the group consisting of a sodium cation, a potassium cation, and a lithium cation, or the Z + phosphonium cation is a compound represented by the following general formula (4): It is.
- R 13 to R 16 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and are the same as each other
- the aromatic group is an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and is derived from, for example, a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, or an anthracene ring.
- the phosphonium cation of Z + is preferably benzyltriphenylphosphonium, tetrabutylphosphonium, tri-tert-butylphosphonium, di-tert-butylmethylphosphonium, or a cation represented by the following formula (4) ′. .
- R p and R q each independently represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Z + represents a quaternary ammonium cation, an alkali metal cation or a phosphonium cation).
- a to d each independently represents an integer of 0 to 4;
- Z + represents 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene, triazabicyclodecene, hexa Selected from the group consisting of any one of hydromethylpyrimidopyrimidine, tetra-n-butylammonium, and 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole in the molecule having a quaternary ammonium cation in the molecule, a sodium cation, a potassium cation, and It is preferably an alkali metal cation selected from the group consisting of lithium cations or a phosphonium cation represented by the following general formula (4). When the cation is used, the photoactivity is high, and the effects of the present invention are more exhibited. Is done.
- Specific compounds of the component (C) in the curable composition of the present invention include tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate, tetraphenylphosphonium tetra-p-tolylborate, benzyltriphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate, p-tolyltriphenylphosphonium tetra.
- phosphonium cations such as p-tolylborate, tri-tert-butylphosphonium tetraphenylborate, di-tert-butylmethylphosphonium tetraphenylborate, tetraphenylphosphonium tetra-p-tolylborate, tetrabutylphosphonium tetraphenylborate
- Compound Compound having alkali metal cation such as tetraphenylborate sodium salt, tetraphenylborate potassium salt, etc .; 2-ethyl-4 Methylimidazolium tetraphenylborate, 1-8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] undec-7-ene-tetraphenylborate, 1,5-diazabicyclo [4.3.0] non-5-ene-tetraphenylborate
- Compounds having an ammonium cation such as tetrabutylammonium
- Absent include, for example, commercially available products such as U-CAT5002, PBG-SA1, PBG-SA2, PBG-SA1BU (manufactured by San Apro); DBN-K, EMZ-K, TPP-K, TPPZ-K, TPTP-MK, TPP-MK (made by Hokuko Chemical Co., Ltd.); P3B, BP3B, N3B, MN3B (made by Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) and the like. Moreover, it can also synthesize
- the blending amount of the component (C) in the curable composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is within a range of 0.001 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the component (A) and the component (B). It is preferably 0.01 to 15 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.3 to 5 parts by mass.
- (C) component is added within said range, the curable composition excellent in the balance of a cure rate and the intensity
- the curable composition of the present invention cannot be provided with effective photocurability, and if it exceeds 30 parts by mass, it becomes difficult to dissolve in the component (A), storage stability and There is a risk of adversely affecting various physical properties.
- (C) component in the curable composition of this invention can improve compatibility with (A) and (B) component by diluting with a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it can dissolve the component (C).
- water, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons may be used.
- alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol and the like.
- ketones include acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, and methyl isobutyl ketone.
- the esters include ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate and the like.
- ethers include diethyl ether, dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, and the like.
- hydrocarbons include pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, toluene and the like.
- halogens include Freon-113, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl ether, 3,3-dichloro-1 1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane and the like.
- ketones, esters, and hydrocarbon solvents are preferred because of their good solubility with the component (C).
- a solvent can also be used 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- a photosensitizer can be further added as the component (D) to the curable composition of the present invention.
- the photosensitizer may be any compound that increases the light activity of the composition in combination with the component (C), and any type of sensitization mechanism such as energy transfer, electron transfer, and proton transfer may be used. Absent.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (5) to (8), radical polymerization initiators, aromatic hydrocarbons, nitro compounds, and dyes are preferable from the viewpoint of good compatibility with the component (C) and excellent photocurability.
- the component (D) is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the general formulas (5) to (8); benzyl ketal photoradical polymerization initiation Agent, ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone photoradical polymerization initiator, benzoin photoradical polymerization initiator, aminoacetophenone photoinitiator, oxime ketone photoradical polymerization initiator, acylphosphine oxide photoradical polymerization initiator, and general formula A radical polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of (9); an aromatic hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of naphthalene derivatives and anthracene derivatives; a nitro compound selected from the group consisting of nitrobenzoic acid and nitroaniline; or Riboflavin, rose bengal, eosin, erythrosin, methylene blue, and ni Preferably selected from the dye selected from the group consisting of over-methylene blue rose.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (5) include 9-fluorenone, 2-hydroxy-9-fluorenone, 2-amino-9-fluorenone and the like.
- R 17 and R 18 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number It is preferably selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups and amino groups, more preferably selected from hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups, and amino groups.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (6) include anthrone and dibenzosuberone.
- n represents an integer of 1 to 12
- R 19 and R 20 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number It is preferably selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups and amino groups, more preferably selected from hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups and amino groups, and more preferably hydrogen atoms.
- N is preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 3, and further preferably 1 or 2.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (7) include fluorene, 2-bromofluorene, 9-bromofluorene, 9,9-dimethylfluorene, 2-fluorofluorene, 2-iodofluorene, 2-fluorenamine, 9-fluorenol, 2,7-dibromofluorene, 9-aminofluorene hydrochloride, 2,7-diaminofluorene, 9,9'-spirobi [9H-fluorene], 2-fluorenecarboxaldehyde, 9-fluorenylmethanol, 2-acetylfluorene Etc.
- R 21 and R 22 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon An aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an ester group (—COOR p ), a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amino group, an imino group, an amide group (—CONR p R q ), an imide group ( —CONR p COR q ), cyano group, sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R p ), nitro group, sulfide group (—S—R p ), thiol group, isocyanate group, etc.
- R 21 and R 22 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number It is preferably selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups and amino groups, more preferably selected from hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups and amino groups, and more preferably hydrogen atoms.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (8) include fluoranthene.
- R 23 to R 25 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon An aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an ester group (—COOR p ), a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amino group, an imino group, an amide group (—CONR p R q ), an imide group ( —CONR p COR q ), cyano group, sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R p ), nitro group, sulfide group (—S—R p ), thiol group, isocyanate group, etc.
- R 23 to R 25 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number It is preferably selected from the group consisting of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups and amino groups, more preferably selected from hydrogen atoms, hydroxy groups and amino groups, and more preferably hydrogen atoms.
- Examples of the photoradical polymerization initiator used in the component (D) of the present invention include intramolecular cleavage type photoradical polymerization initiators and hydrogen abstraction type photoradical polymerization initiators.
- the intramolecular cleavage type radical photopolymerization initiator used as the component (D) is a type of radical initiator in which the compound is cleaved by irradiation with active energy rays to generate radicals.
- Benzyl ketal photo radical polymerization initiator ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone photo radical polymerization initiator, benzoin photo radical polymerization initiator, aminoacetophenone photo radical initiator, oxime ketone photo radical polymerization initiator, acyl phosphine oxide photo radical Examples thereof include polymerization initiators, titanocene photoradical polymerization initiators, thiobenzoic acid S-phenyl polymerization initiators, and derivatives obtained by increasing their molecular weight.
- benzyl ketal photoradical polymerization initiators and ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone photoradical polymerization initiators have good compatibility with the component (C) and show excellent photocurability.
- Benzoin-based photoradical polymerization initiators, aminoacetophenone-based photoinitiators, oxime ketone-based photoradical polymerization initiators, and acylphosphine oxide-based photoradical polymerization initiators are preferable, and ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone-based photoradical polymerization initiators are more preferable.
- Agents, benzoin photoradical polymerization initiators, aminoacetophenone photoinitiators, and oxime ketone photoradical polymerization initiators are preferable.
- Anthraquinone photoinitiators represented by general formula (iii) compounds represented by general formula (9), and the like can be given.
- Y represents O or S
- R 26 to R 31 each represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched carbon number of 1 to 20 Alkyl group, cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, ester group (—COOR p ), carboxyl group, aldehyde group, amino group, imino Group, amide group (—CONR p R q ), imide group (—CONR p COR q ), cyano group, sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R p ), nitro group, sulfide group (-S-R p), thiol group, an isocyanate group or the like alone or with (here indicating the group in combination with any, R p
- R 26 and R 27 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number A group of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups, ester groups (—COOR p ), carboxyl groups, amino groups, sulfide groups (—S—R p ), alone or in any combination thereof is preferable.
- R 28 and R 29 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number A group of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups, ester groups (—COOR p ), carboxyl groups, amino groups, sulfide groups (—S—R p ), alone or in any combination thereof is preferable.
- An amino group, and a sulfide group (—S—R p ) are more preferable, and a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms is more preferable. More preferably, it is selected from the group consisting of a kill group, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and an amino group.
- R 30 and R 31 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number A group of 1 to 20 alkoxy groups, ester groups (—COOR p ), carboxyl groups, amino groups, sulfide groups (—S—R p ), alone or in any combination thereof is preferable.
- benzyl ketal photo radical polymerization initiator examples include 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one (benzyldimethyl ketal / 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone).
- Examples of the ⁇ -hydroxyacetophenone photo radical polymerization initiator include 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one, 1- [4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -phenyl] -2- Hydroxy-2-methyl-1-propan-1-one, 2-hydroxy-1- ⁇ 4- [4- (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-propionyl) -benzyl] phenyl ⁇ -2-methyl-propane-1 -One, 1- (4-dodecylbenzoyl) -1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, 1- (4-isopropylbenzoyl) -1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, 1-benzoyl-1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, -[4- (2-hydroxyethoxy) -benzoyl] -1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, 1- [4- (acryloyloxy) Ethoxy) -benzoyl] -1-hydroxy-1-methylethane, phenyl-1-hydroxy-cyclohe
- benzoin-based photoradical polymerization initiator examples include benzoin, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, and benzoin isopropyl ether.
- aminoacetophenone photoradical polymerization initiators examples include 2-methyl-1 [4- (methylthio) phenyl] -2-morpholinopropan-1-one, 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1- (4 -Morpholinophenyl) -butanone-1 and the like.
- Examples of the oxime ketone photo radical polymerization initiator include 1.2-octanedione, 1- [4- (phenylthio) -2- (O-benzoyloxime)], ethanone, 1- [9-ethyl-6- (2-methylbenzoyl) -9H-carbazol-3-yl]-, 1- (0-acetyloxime) and the like.
- acylphosphine oxide photoradical polymerization initiator examples include bis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) -phenylphosphine oxide, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenylphosphine oxide, and the like.
- benzophenone photoradical initiator examples include benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, 3-benzoylbiphenyl, 4- (4-methylphenylthio) benzophenone, methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate, 4-phenylbenzophenone, 4,4′- Bis (dimethoxy) benzophenone, 4,4′-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone, 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, 2-benzoylbenzoic acid methyl ester, 2-methylbenzophenone, 3-methylbenzophenone, 3,3 Benzophenone derivatives such as' -dimethyl-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzophenone, 1- [4- (4-benzoylphenylsulfanyl) phenyl] -2-methyl-2- (4-methylphenyls Honiru) - propan-1-one and the like, preferably, in view of the photocurable, towards the photo
- Examples of the thioxanthone photoradical polymerization initiator include thioxanthone, xanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 4-chlorothioxanthone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 4-isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 1 And thioxanthone derivatives such as -chloro-4-propoxythioxanthone and 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one.
- fluorene-based photoradical initiator examples include 2-hydroxy-9-fluorenone.
- anthrone photoradical initiator examples include anthrone, dibenzosuberone, 2-amino-9-fluorenone and the like.
- anthraquinone photoinitiator examples include anthraquinone, 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-hydroxyanthraquinone, 2-aminoanthraquinone and the like.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (9) include 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, 1,3-diphenylpropanetrione, benzyl, 1,4-bisbenzyl, 4,4′-dimethylbenzyl, 4 , 4′-dibromobenzyl, 4,4′-difluorobenzyl, benzoylformic acid, methyl benzoylformate, ethyl benzoylformate, methyl 4-nitrobenzoylformate, methyl 4-methoxybenzoylformate, ethyl 4-methoxybenzoylformate, 4-n -Ethyl butylbenzoylformate, ethyl 4-t-butylbenzoylformate, ethyl 3,4-dimethoxybenzoylformate, ethyl 4-isopropylbenzoylformate, ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoylformate, e
- R 26 and R 27 are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, carbon An aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an ester group (—COOR p ), a carboxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amino group, an imino group, an amide group (—CONR p R q ), an imide group ( —CONR p COR q ), cyano group, sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H), sulfonyl group (—SO 2 R p ), nitro group, sulfide group (—S—R p ), thiol group, isocyanate group, etc.
- R 26 and R 27 are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, a carbon number 1 to 20 alkoxy groups, amino group, cyano group, nitro group) and sulfide group (—S—R p ) are preferably selected from hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxy group, linear or More preferably, the alkyl group is selected from branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryl groups having 6 to 20
- Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon used for the component (D) of the present invention include naphthalene derivatives and anthracene derivatives.
- naphthalene derivatives include 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-fluoronaphthalene, 1-chloronaphthalene, 2-chloronaphthalene, 1-bromonaphthalene, 2-bromonaphthalene, 1-iodonaphthalene, and 2-iodonaphthalene.
- anthracene derivative examples include anthracene, 1,2-benzanthracene, 9,10-dichloroanthracene, 9,10-dibromoanthracene, 9,10-diphenylanthracene, 9-cyanoanthracene, 9,10-dicyanoanthracene, 2, Examples include 6,9,10-tetracyanoanthracene.
- Examples of the nitro compound used for the component (D) of the present invention include nitrobenzoic acid and nitroaniline.
- Examples of nitroaniline include 2-nitroaniline, 3-nitroaniline, 4-nitroaniline and the like
- examples of nitrobenzoic acid include 2-nitrobenzoic acid, methyl 2-nitrobenzoate, 3-nitrobenzoic acid, 3 -Methyl nitrobenzoate, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, methyl 4-nitrobenzoate and the like.
- Examples of the dye include riboflavin, rose bengal, eosin, erythrosin, methylene blue, and new methylene blue rose. Among them, rose bengal is used because of its high photoactivity.
- the addition amount of the (D) photosensitizer in the curable composition of the present invention needs to refer to the absorption wavelength and the molar extinction coefficient, but the (A) component in the curable composition of the present invention and ( The total amount of component B) is preferably 0.001 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.015 to 15 parts by weight. Particularly preferred is 0.05 to 10 parts by mass. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by mass, a sufficient photoactivity improving effect cannot be obtained. If the amount is more than 20 parts by mass, the catalytic action of the component (C) may be hindered.
- the component (D) is preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 1 part by mass of the component (C).
- the amount is from 0075 to 3 parts by mass, particularly preferably from 0.01 to 2 parts by mass.
- (C) With respect to 1 part by mass of component if (D) component is less than 0.001 part by mass, the photoactivity improvement effect may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 10 parts by mass, outgassing is likely to occur. There is a risk of becoming a thing.
- the curable composition of the present invention can further contain (E) a compound containing one or more radically polymerizable groups in the molecule.
- the radical polymerizable group is a vinyl group, an allyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group or the like, but a compound having one or more (meth) acryloyl groups in the molecule in the sense of being excellent in radical photopolymerizability by itself. desirable.
- propylene oxide-added bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate, bisphenol F di (meth) acrylate ethylene oxide-added bisphenol A di (meth) acrylate Ethylene oxide-added bisphenol F di (meth) acrylate and urethane (meth) acrylate are preferably used.
- the blending amount is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the components (A) and (B) of the present invention.
- this component is rapidly polymerized by light irradiation to adjust the fluidity of the composition, to develop tackiness and temporary fixability, or to attach the adhesive to the member in advance. And can be used by a process such as later curing.
- a cation initiator is generally used to polymerize a glycidyl group, but in this case, a urethane is added to the composition.
- a compound containing a binding site since the urethane site works as a cationic polymerization inhibitor, there has been a problem that an acrylate containing a urethane binding site in the molecule, so-called urethane (meth) acrylate, cannot be used.
- a compound having one glycidyl group in the molecule and / or a compound having one thiol group in the molecule may be added as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired. These compounds are used for reducing the viscosity of the entire composition, improving workability, adjusting reactivity, and the like.
- the above-described epoxy compound or thiol compound is added, it is desirable to adjust the blending ratio of the epoxy compound of the component (A) and the thiol compound of the component (B) in consideration of the epoxy equivalent and thiol equivalent.
- a compound having an effect of suppressing any anionic polymerization may be added to the present invention as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired. This is added to increase the stability during storage of the composition.
- liquid or solid organic acids and inorganic acids at room temperature oligomers, polymers, boric acid esters, phosphoric acid esters containing acidic groups in the molecule, and having functional groups other than acidic groups good. Examples include, but are not limited to, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, adipic acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, barbituric acid, boric acid, pyrogallol, phenolic resin, carboxylic acid anhydride and the like.
- Boric acid esters are boric acid esters that are liquid or solid at room temperature.
- phosphate esters examples include ethyl phosphate, butyl phosphate, propyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, oleyl phosphate, and ethyl diethyl phosphate. However, it is not limited to this.
- These acidic substances have an effect of improving the storage stability of the resin composition of the present invention before irradiation with energy rays.
- These compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, you may add what mixed these compounds, an epoxy resin, etc. and made it a masterbatch. Examples of such products that are commercially available as storage stability improvers include Cure Duct L-07N manufactured by Shikoku Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., but are not limited thereto. The amount of these compounds is not particularly limited.
- the curable composition of the present invention includes colorants such as pigments and dyes, inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, silica, alumina and aluminum hydroxide, and conductive materials such as silver as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired. Particles, flame retardants, organic fillers such as acrylic rubber and silicone rubber, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, bisphenol A type phenoxy resin, bisphenol F type phenoxy resin, bisphenol A / bisphenol F copolymer type phenoxy resin, etc.
- colorants such as pigments and dyes
- inorganic fillers such as calcium carbonate, talc, silica, alumina and aluminum hydroxide
- conductive materials such as silver as long as the characteristics of the present invention are not impaired.
- Particles, flame retardants, organic fillers such as acrylic rubber and silicone rubber, polyimide resin, polyamide resin, bisphenol A type phenoxy resin, bisphenol F type phenoxy resin, bisphenol A / bisphenol F copolymer
- a cured product can be obtained in a shorter amount of energy irradiation and in a shorter time by performing energy beam irradiation and heating simultaneously. Further, a cured product can be obtained in a short time by heating after irradiation with energy rays.
- active energy rays in this case include electron beams and visible rays, but are not particularly limited.
- the irradiation amount of the active energy ray is preferably 0.1 J / cm 2 or more, and the wavelength of the active energy ray is preferably 150 to 830 nm.
- the heating conditions are preferably room temperature to 200 ° C., more preferably 50 to 200 ° C., and still more preferably 70 to 150 ° C.
- the curable composition of the present invention is irradiated with an active energy ray having a wavelength of 150 to 830 nm and then cured at room temperature or in a heating environment.
- the present composition can be cured immediately after energy irradiation, or can be cured immediately after energy irradiation, and then cured by standing at room temperature or heating for a short time. Even if the adhesive member does not transmit energy such as light, the latter property can be adhered by irradiating the composition with energy and then applying and bonding.
- a cured product (resin cured product) obtained by curing the curable composition of the present invention is also provided.
- the cured resin obtained by curing the composition of the present invention has excellent properties such as toughness and high adhesion, and various properties such as adhesion, sealing, casting, coating, coating material, molding of optical parts, etc. It can be used for various purposes. Specifically, in the field of automobiles and transportation equipment, bonding, sealing, casting, molding, coating materials for automotive switch parts, headlamps, engine internal parts, electrical components, drive engines, brake oil tanks, etc. Etc. can be used. Further, the flat panel display can be used for adhesion, sealing, casting, molding, coating material, etc. of liquid crystal displays, organic electroluminescence, light emitting diode display devices, and field emission displays.
- sealing materials for electronic components electrical circuits, electrical contacts or semiconductor elements, die bonding agents, conductive adhesives, anisotropic conductive adhesives, interlayer adhesives for multilayer substrates including build-up substrates, A solder resist etc. can be mentioned.
- the curable composition of the present invention has a gap provided between the protective part such as glass and the image display part in an image display device such as a liquid crystal or a touch panel. Also good.
- the materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are the following commercially available products or reagents.
- Epicron 835LV Bisphenol type epoxy resin (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) (epoxy equivalent 165 g / eq)
- Denacol EX-411 Aliphatic 4 epoxy resin (pentaerythritol polyglycidyl ether) (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation) (epoxy equivalent 229 g / eq)
- JER807 Bisphenol F type epoxy resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) (epoxy equivalent 170 g / eq)
- YX-8000 Hydrogenated bisphenol A type epoxy resin (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) (epoxy equivalent 205 g / eq).
- PTMP Pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (Aldrich reagent) (thiol equivalent 122 g / eq)
- DPMP Dipentaerythritol hexa-3-mercaptopropionate (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) (thiol equivalent 130 g / eq)
- JER Cure QX40 Pentaerythritol Tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd.) (thiol equivalent 122 g / eq)
- JER Cure QX30 trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) (manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin) (thiol equivalent 132 g / eq).
- compositions of Examples 1 to 19, a to f and Comparative Examples 3 to 4 After dissolving component (C) in a small amount of dichloromethane (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) at the weight ratio shown in Tables 1 to 5, add components (A), (B), and (D), and stir at room temperature. After mixing, the mixture was stirred under reduced pressure at room temperature to completely remove dichloromethane to prepare a composition.
- dichloromethane manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.
- the component (C) was mixed with the component (A) in the weight ratios shown in Tables 1 to 5, stirred and dissolved at 40 ° C., and then the remaining components were added and stirred at room temperature to prepare a composition.
- a test piece in which 0.01 g of the composition is dropped on a slide glass and covered with a cover glass so that the composition is sandwiched between the glass as a thin film is prepared. This was passed twice through a conveyor type ultraviolet irradiation device (lamp: UVL-4001-N) manufactured by USHIO INC., In which the 365 nm ultraviolet ray integrated light intensity in one pass was set to 3 J / cm 2 , and then quickly irradiated with ultraviolet rays. In a constant temperature drying oven set at 90 ° C. The test piece was observed at a specified interval, and the time during which the glasses were stuck together and could not be moved by hand was measured and set as the curing time.
- a conveyor type ultraviolet irradiation device lamp: UVL-4001-N
- the curing time was measured by the same method when left at 90 ° C. without any ultraviolet irradiation.
- the results are shown in Tables 1 to 5 as “curing time without UV irradiation”. “Unmeasurable” means that the curability could not be evaluated because the storage stability of the liquid composition was too poor. Specifically, it gelled within 10 minutes in the above "room temperature storage stability” test.
- the composition comprising the components (A), (B) and various components (C) of the present invention is rapidly cured at room temperature or at a low heating temperature by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. It can be seen that it has good storage stability at room temperature. From Comparative Examples 2 to 5, when the compound having a structure similar to the component (C) but not having the borate salt structure shown in the present invention is used, curing does not become faster due to light irradiation, and storage stability is also improved. It turns out that the nature is also bad.
- Comparative Example a shows that when a conventionally known photobase generator that does not fall under (C) of the present invention is used, a sufficient curing rate cannot be obtained. Moreover, it turns out that sufficient hardening rate is not obtained even if (D) is added by the comparative example b.
- Example 55 Even when other compounding components such as a compound containing one glycidyl group in the molecule, an anionic polymerization inhibitor, a coupling agent, and a filler are added, irradiation with ultraviolet rays causes room temperature or low It can be seen that it can be quickly cured at the heating temperature and has good storage stability at room temperature.
- Example 56 [Examination of adjustment of curing speed depending on UV irradiation conditions] Using the composition of Example 8, the curing rate and the glass transition point were measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) when the UV integrated light amount was changed.
- DSC differential scanning calorimeter
- Example 8 4.0 mg of the composition of Example 8 was dispensed into an aluminum pan for DSC measurement, and an active energy ray with a 365 nm illuminance of 100 mW / cm 2 was applied using a spot ultraviolet irradiation device (use lamp: L8252) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics. After irradiation for 10, 30, 60 seconds (0, 1, 3, 6 J / cm 2 when converted to integrated light amount, respectively), the container was immediately sealed and 20 to 280 in DSC (DSC220 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.). The temperature rising DSC measurement was performed under the conditions of ° C. and a temperature rising rate of 10 ° C./min.
- DSC DSC220 manufactured by Seiko Instruments Inc.
- the curing rate (curing start temperature and curing time) can be adjusted by changing the ultraviolet irradiation conditions even though the composition is the same.
- cured material is substantially the same, it turns out that the obtained hardened
- the composition of this invention has the capability to form the hardened
- Example 57 Adjustment of fluidity of composition before curing by UV irradiation
- the composition of Example 54 was applied to a slide glass in a 5 mm square and a thickness of 0.5 mm, and an active energy ray having a 365 nm illuminance of 100 mW / cm 2 was applied using a spot ultraviolet irradiation device (use lamp: L8252) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics.
- Ultraviolet rays were irradiated for 60 seconds with a spot ultraviolet irradiation device (365 nm illuminance: 100 mW / cm 2 ) manufactured by Photonics.
- the composition was gelled after irradiation.
- one composition of the present invention is capable of adjusting the fluidity by ultraviolet irradiation and maintaining the shape after application, and is effective as an adhesive that cures after becoming liquid again by subsequent heating. Indicated.
- Example 58 [Tensile shear bond strength test for members that do not transmit energy rays]
- the composition of Example 8 was thinly applied to the end 10 mm of two iron (SPCC-SD, 25 ⁇ 50 ⁇ 1.6 mm) test pieces, and a conveyor type ultraviolet irradiation device (lamp: UVL) manufactured by USHIO INC. -4001-N) was used to irradiate energy rays of 5 J / cm 2 .
- UVL ultraviolet irradiation device manufactured by USHIO INC. -4001-N
- the composition on the coated surface was liquid.
- the composition-coated surface of another iron test piece was bonded and fixed with a pinch and left in a constant temperature oven at 100 ° C.
- the composition on the adhesive surface was cured and adhered. After allowing to cool at room temperature for 2 hours, using a universal tensile tester (Instron), a tensile speed of 50 mm / min. The tensile shear bond strength measured for the tensile shear bond strength was 11.8 MPa.
- the composition of the present invention is firmly bonded in a short time at room temperature or by heating after irradiating the composition with energy. It turns out that it is possible. Moreover, it turns out that hardening time can be adjusted with atmospheric temperature.
- the present invention relates to a novel curable composition mainly composed of an epoxy resin that can be quickly cured at room temperature or a low heating temperature by irradiation with active energy rays such as light and an electron beam, and a curing method and a cured product thereof.
- a novel curable composition mainly composed of an epoxy resin that can be quickly cured at room temperature or a low heating temperature by irradiation with active energy rays such as light and an electron beam, and a curing method and a cured product thereof.
- active energy rays such as light and an electron beam
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Abstract
Description
本発明の要旨を次に説明する。
[1]下記の(A)~(C)成分を含有することを特徴とする硬化性組成物。
(A)成分:分子内に2以上のグリシジル基を有する化合物
(B)成分:分子内に2以上のチオール基を有する化合物
(C)成分:下記一般式(1)で表されるアニオンを有する塩を含む光塩基発生剤
[2](D)増感剤をさらに添加することを特徴とする[1]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[3]前記(C)成分が下記一般式(2)または一般式(3)で表される塩を含むことを特徴とする[1]または[2]に記載の硬化性組成物。
[4]前記Z+の4級アンモニウムカチオンは、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン、トリアザビシクロデセン、ヘキサヒドロメチルピリミドピリミジン、およびテトラn-ブチルアンモニウムのいずれかの構造を分子内に1以上有するカチオンからなる群から選択され、前記Z+のアルカリ金属カチオンはナトリウムカチオン、カリウムカチオン、およびリチウムカチオンからなる群から選択され、または前記Z+のホスホニウムカチオンは、下記一般式(4)で表される化合物であることを特徴とする[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
[5]前記(D)成分が、一般式(5)~(8)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される化合物;ベンジルケタール系光ラジカル重合開始剤、α-ヒドロキシアセトフェノン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、ベンゾイン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、アミノアセトフェノン系光開始剤、オキシムケトン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、アシルホスフィンオキシド系光ラジカル重合開始剤、および一般式(9)からなる群から選択されるラジカル重合開始剤;ニトロ安息香酸、およびニトロアニリンからなる群から選択されるニトロ化合物;ナフタレン誘導体、およびアントラセン誘導体からなる群から選択される芳香族炭化水素;またはリボフラビン、ローズベンガル、エオシン、エリシスロシン、メチレンブルー、およびニュー・メチレンブルーローズからなる群から選択される色素から選択されることを特徴とする[2]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
[6](E)分子内にラジカル重合性基を1つ以上含む化合物をさらに含有することを特徴とする[2]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
[7][1]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物を、波長150~830nmの活性エネルギー線を照射したのち、室温または加熱環境下で該組成物を硬化させることを特徴とする硬化方法。
本発明の硬化性組成物における(A)成分である、分子内に2つ以上のグリシジル基を含む化合物は、一般にエポキシ樹脂と呼ばれるものの他、分子内に2つ以上のグリシジル基を含む化合物であれば良い。またグリシジル基以外の官能基を有していても良い。その官能基の具体例としては例えばヒドロキシル基、アクリル基、メタアクリル基、ビニル基、アセタール基、エステル基、カルボニル基、アミド基、アルコキシシリル基等である。これらのグリシジル基含有化合物はそれぞれ単独、あるいは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
本発明に使用される(B)成分は、分子内にチオール基を2以上有するチオール化合物であれば良い。具体的に例示すると、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオプロピオネート(トリメチロールプロパントリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート))、ペンタエリストールテトラキスチオプロピオネート、エチレングリコールビスチオグリコレート、1,4-ブタンジオールビスチオグリコレート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオグリコレート、ペンタエリストールテトラキスチオグリコレート、ジ(2-メルカプトエチル)エーテル、1,4-ブタンジチオール、1,5-ジメルカプト-3-トアペンタン、1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジオキサオクタン、1,3,5-トリメルカプトメチルベンゼン、4,4’-チオジベンゼンチオール、1,3,5-トリメルカプトメチル-2,4,6-トリメチルベンゼン、2,4,6-トリメルカプト-s-トリアジン、2-ジブチルアミノ-4,6-ジメルカプト-s-トリアジン、ペンタエリスリトール テトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオナート)、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ-3-メルカプトプロピオネート、末端チオール基含有ポリエーテル、末端チオール基含有ポリチオエーテル、エポキシ化合物と硫化水素との反応によって得られるチオール化合物、ポリチオール化合物とエポキシ化合物との反応によって得られる末端チオール基を有するチオール化合物等が挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではない。好ましくは、硬化性の観点からチオール基を3以上有するチオール化合物が好ましい。
〈(C)成分〉
本発明の硬化性組成物における(C)成分は、一般式(1)で表されるアニオンと任意のカチオンからなる塩を含む光塩基発生剤であり、活性エネルギー線の照射により塩基性化合物を発生する。また、(C)成分により優れた光硬化性と貯蔵安定性を有する硬化性組成物が得られる。
式(1)におけるハロゲン原子しては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子またはヨウ素原子が挙げられる。また、芳香族基としては、炭素数6~20の芳香族基であり、例えば、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環、アントラセン環から導かれるものである。
イミド基(アシルアルキルアミノカルボニル基)(-CONRpCORq)としては、アセチルメチルアミノカルボニル基、エチルカルボニルメチルアミノカルボニル基、プロピルカルボニルメチルアミノカルボニル基、ブチルカルボニルメチルアミノカルボニル基、ペンチルカルボニルメチルアミノカルボニル基、ヘキシルカルボニルメチルアミノカルボニル基、ベンゾイルメチルアミノカルボニル基等が挙げられる。
また、式(3)において、R9~R11は、置換または無置換の芳香族基を表し、R12は1~20のアルキル基を表し、Z+は第4級アンモニウムカチオン、アルカリ金属カチオン、またはホスホニウムカチオンを表すのが好ましい。
式(4)中、芳香族基としては、炭素数6~20の芳香族基であり、例えば、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環、アントラセン環から導かれるものである。上記式(4)における置換基については、上記一般式(1)の各置換基と同様なため、説明を省略する。
本発明では、Z+が、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン、トリアザビシクロデセン、ヘキサヒドロメチルピリミドピリミジン、テトラn-ブチルアンモニウム、および2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾールのいずれかの構造を分子内に1以上有する4級アンモニウムカチオンからなる群から選択され、ナトリウムカチオン、カリウムカチオンおよびリチウムカチオンからなる群から選択されるアルカリ金属カチオン、または下記一般式(4)で表されるホスホニウムカチオンであるのが好ましく、当該カチオンであると、光活性が高く、本発明の効果がより発揮される。
本発明の硬化性組成物にさらに(D)成分として光増感剤を添加することができる。光増感剤とは、(C)成分と組み合わせることで、組成物の光に対する活性を増大させる化合物であればよく、エネルギー移動、電子移動、プロトン移動等、種々の増感機構の種別は問わない。特に(C)成分と相性がよく光硬化性に優れるという観点から一般式(5)~(8)で表される化合物、ラジカル重合開始剤、芳香族炭化水素、ニトロ化合物、色素が好ましい。
式(5)において、R17およびR18は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、およびアミノ基からなる群から選択されるのが好ましく、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、およびアミノ基から選択されることがより好ましい。
式(6)において、R19およびR20は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、およびアミノ基からなる群から選択されるのが好ましく、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、およびアミノ基から選択されることがより好ましく、水素原子であることがさらに好ましい。また、nは、好ましくは1~5であり、より好ましくは1~3であり、さらに好ましくは1または2である。
式(7)において、R21およびR22は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、およびアミノ基からなる群から選択されるのが好ましく、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、およびアミノ基から選択されることがより好ましく、水素原子であることがさらに好ましい。
式(8)において、R23~R25は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、およびアミノ基からなる群から選択されるのが好ましく、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、およびアミノ基から選択されることがより好ましく、水素原子であることがさらに好ましい。
式(i)において、R26およびR27は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、エステル基(-COORp)、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、スルフィド基(-S-Rp)を単独または複数を任意で組み合わせた基であるのが好ましく、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、エステル基(-COORp)、カルボキシル基、アミノ基、およびスルフィド基(-S-Rp)からなる群から選択されるのがより好ましく、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、アミノ基、およびスルフィド基(-S-Rp)からなる群から選択されるのがさらに好ましい。
式(9)において、R26およびR27は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基、アミノ基、シアノ基、ニトロ基)およびスルフィド基(-S-Rp)からなる群から選択されるのが好ましく、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ヒドロキシ基、直鎖状または分枝状の炭素数1~20のアルキル基、炭素数6~20のアリール基、および炭素数1~20のアルコキシ基から選択されることがより好ましい。
さらに本発明には、(E)成分として、ラジカル重合性基を分子中に1つ以上有する化合物を添加してもよい。すなわち、本発明の硬化性組成物は、(E)分子内にラジカル重合性基を1つ以上含む化合物をさらに含有することができる。ラジカル重合性基とはビニル基、アリル基、アクリロイル基、メタアクリロイル基等であるが、単独での光ラジカル重合性に優れるという意味で(メタ)アクリロイル基を分子中に1つ以上有する化合物が望ましい。例えば、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、4-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソオクチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2-メトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、2-エトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、エチルカルビトール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシジエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、フェノキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、メトキシポリエチレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,2,-トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,3,3,-テトラフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、1H,1H,5H,-オクタフルオロペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、イミド(メタ)アクリレート、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、n-オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソノニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソミリスチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-ブトキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-フェノキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ビシクロペンテニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチルコハク酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチル2-ヒドロキシプロピルフタレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチルホスフェート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,3-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,9-ノナンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,10-デカンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、2-n-ブチル-2-エチル-1,3―プロパンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリプロピレングリコール(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールFジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジメチロールジシクロペンタジエンルジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,3-ブチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド変性イソシアヌル酸ジ(メタ)アクリレート、2-ヒドロキシ-3-(メタ)アクリロイロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、カーボネートジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレンオキシド付加トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド付加トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、カプロラクトン変性トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド付加イソシアヌル酸トリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、グリセリントリ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレンオキシド付加グリセリントリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリス(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルフォスフェート、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート(例えば、脂肪族系ウレタンアクリレート)等が挙げられる。これらのうち、(A)成分との相溶という観点よりプロピレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、ビスフェノールFジ(メタ)アクリレートエチレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エチレンオキシド付加ビスフェノールFジ(メタ)アクリレート、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートが好ましく用いられる。配合量は、特に制限されないが、本発明の(A)成分及び(B)成分の合計量100質量部に対して0.1~200質量部であることが好ましい。
組成物を調製するために下記成分を準備した。
・エピクロン835LV:ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂(大日本インキ工業社製)(エポキシ当量165g/eq)
・デナコールEX-411:脂肪族4エポキシ樹脂(ペンタエリスリトールポリグリシジルエーテル)(ナガセケムテックス社製)(エポキシ当量229g/eq)
・JER807:ビスフェノールF型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学社製)(エポキシ当量170g/eq)
・YX-8000:水添ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(三菱化学社製)(エポキシ当量205g/eq)。
・PTMP:ペンタエリスリトール テトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオナート)(アルドリッチ製試薬)(チオール当量122g/eq)
・DPMP:ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ-3-メルカプトプロピオネート(堺化学工業株式会社製)(チオール当量130g/eq)
・JERキュアQX40:ペンタエリスリトール テトラキス(3-メルカプトプロピオナート)(ジャパンエポキシレジン社製)(チオール当量122g/eq)
・JERキュアQX30:トリメチロールプロパン トリス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)(ジャパンエポキシレジン社製)(チオール当量132g/eq)。
・UCAT-5002:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン構造含有化合物とテトラフェニルボレートの塩(サンアプロ社製)
・NaBPh4:テトラフェニルボレートナトリウム塩(同仁化学研究所製試薬社製)
・NBu4BPh4:テトラブチルアンモニウムテトラフェニルボレート
(アルドリッチ社製試薬)
・DBN-K:1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン-テトラフェニルボレート(北興化学工業社製)
・EMZ-K:2-エチル-4-メチルイミダゾリウムテトラフェニルボレート(北興化学工業社製)
・TPP-MK:テトラフェニルホスホニウム・テトラ-p-トリルボレート)(北興化学工業社製)
・TPTP-MK:p-トリルトリフェニルホスホニウム テトラ-p-トリルボレート
(北興化学工業社製)
・TPPZ-K:ベンジルトリフェニルホスホニウムテトラフェニルボレート(北興化学工業社製)
・P3B:テトラブチルアンモニウム-ブチルトリフェニルボラート(昭和電工社製)
・N3B:テトラブチルアンモニウム-ブチルトリ-1-ナフタレニルボラート(昭和電工社製)
・PBG-SA1:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン構造含有化合物とボレート化合物の塩(サンアプロ社製)
・PBG-SA2:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン構造含有化合物とボレート化合物の塩(サンアプロ社製)
・PBG-SA1BU:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン構造含有化合物とボレート化合物の塩(サンアプロ社製)
・TBPTPB:テトラブチルホスホニウムテトラフェニルボレート(和光純薬工業社製試薬)。
・UCAT-506:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エンとパラトルエンスルホン酸の塩(サンアプロ社製)
・TPP-S:トリフェニルホスフィントリフェニルボラン(北興化学工業社製)
・PK:ピリジントリフェニルボレート(北興化学工業社製)
・DBU:1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン(サンアプロ社製)
・TPP:トリフェニルホスフィン(北興化学工業社製)
・NBC-101:ニトロベンジルシクロヘキサンカーバメート(みどり化学社製)。
・9-フルオレノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・アントラキノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・2-エチルアントラキノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・ジベンゾスベロン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・チオキサントン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・KAYACURE ITX:2-イソプロピルチオキサントン(日本化薬社製)
・KAYACURE DETX-S:2,4-ジエチルチオキサントン(日本化薬社製)
・ベンゾフェノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・4-メチルベンゾフェノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・SPEEDCURE PBZ:4-メチルベンゾフェノン、3-ベンゾイルビフェニル(LAMBSON社製)
・SPEEDCURE BMS:4-(4-メチルフェニルチオ)ベンゾフェノン(LAMBSON社製)
・4,4-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・メチル2-ベンゾイルベンゾエート(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・ESACURE 1001M:1-[4-(4-ベンゾイルフェニルスルファニル)フェニル]-2-メチル-2-(4-メチルフェニルスルホニル)-プロパン-1-オン(LAMBSON社製)
・ベンジル(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・DAROCUR MBF:ベンゾイルギ酸メチル(BASF社製)
・IRGACURE651:ベンジルジメチルケタ-ル(2,2-ジメトキシ-2-フェニルアセトフェノン)(BASF社製)
・IRGACURE1173:2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-フェニル-プロパン-1-オン(BASF社製)
・IRGACURE 2959:1-[4-(2-ヒドロキシエトキシ)-フェニル]-2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-プロパン-1-オン(BASF社製)
・ESACURE One:2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-[4-(1-メチルビニル)フェニル]プロパノールオリゴマー(オリゴ(2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-1-(4-(1-メチルビニル)フェニル)プロパノン)(LAMBSON社製)
・ベンゾイン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・ベンゾインイソブチルエーテル(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・メチル3-ヒドロキシー2-ナフトエート(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・アントラセン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・UVS1331:9,10-ジブトキシアントラセン(川崎化成工業社製)
・フルオランテン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・フルオレン(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・4-ニトロ安息香酸メチル(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・IRGACURE907:2-メチル-1[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モリフォリノプロパン-1-オン(BASF社製)
・IRGACURE369:2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルフォリノフェニル)-ブタノン-1(BASF社製)
・IRGACURE OXE-1:1.2-オクタンジオン,1-[4-(フェニルチオ)-2-(O-ベンゾイルオキシム)](BASF社製)
・IRGACURE OXE-2:エタノン,1-[9-エチル-6-(2-メチルベンゾイル)-9H-カルバゾール-3-イル]-,1-(0-アセチルオキシム)(BASF社製)
・ローズベンガル(東京化成工業社製試薬)
・SPEEDCURE MBF:ベンゾイルギ酸メチル(LAMBSON社製)。
・UN-6200:脂肪族系ウレタンアクリレート(根上工業社製)。
〈その他成分〉
・デナコールEX-146:単官能エポキシモノマー(p-tert-ブチルフェニルグリシジルエーテル)(ナガセケムテックス社製)
・L07N:ホウ酸エステル化合物(四国化成工業社製)
・KBM403:グリシジル基含有シランカップリング剤(3-グリシドキシプロピル トリメトキシシラン)(信越化学工業社製)
・R805:アルキルシランで表面処理した平均粒径14nmのフュームドシリカ(デグサ社製)。
表1~5に示す重量割合で、(C)成分を少量のジクロロメタン(関東化学株式会社製)に溶解したのち、(A)成分、(B)成分、(D)成分を加え、室温で攪拌混合した後、室温で減圧攪拌してジクロロメタンを完全に除去し組成物を調整した。
表1~5に示す重量割合で、(C)成分を(A)成分に混合し、40℃で攪拌し溶解させた後、室温で残りの成分を加えて攪拌混合し組成物を調整した。
各組成物3gを25℃室内で遮光容器中に密閉保存し、目視で組成物がゲル化して流動しなくなったときまでの時間を測定した。なお、「>30日」とは、30日以上ゲル化しなかったものである。
組成物0.01gをスライドガラス上に滴下し、カバーグラスを被せて組成物が薄膜としてガラスに挟まれた試験片を作成する。これを1回の通過における365nm紫外線積算光量を3J/cm2に設定したウシオ電機株式会社製コンベア式紫外線照射装置(ランプ:UVL-4001-N)を2回通過させ紫外線を照射した後、速やかに90℃に設定した恒温乾燥炉に放置する。指定の間隔で試験片を観察し、ガラス同士が接着して手で動かせなくなった時間を測定し、硬化時間とした。
組成物0.01gをスライドガラス上に滴下し、カバーグラスを被せて組成物が薄膜としてガラスに挟まれた試験片を作成する。これを1回の通過における365nm紫外線積算光量を3J/cm2に設定したウシオ電機株式会社製コンベア式紫外線照射装置(ランプ:UVL-4001-N)を1回又は2回通過させ紫外線を照射した後、試験片の外観を下記評価基準に基づき、評価した。
硬化:試験片が接着して手で動かせなくなったことが確認されたもの
未硬化:試験片が接着しておらず、手で動いてしまうもの。
[紫外線照射条件による硬化の速さの調節検討]
実施例8の組成物を用い、紫外線積算光量を変えた場合の硬化速度およびガラス転移点の測定を、示差走査熱量計(DSC)を用いて行った。
[紫外線照射による組成物の硬化前流動性の調節]
実施例54の組成物をスライドガラスに5mm角、厚み0.5mmで塗布し、浜松ホトニクス社製スポット紫外線照射装置(使用ランプ:L8252)を用いて365nm照度100mW/cm2の活性エネルギー線を浜松ホトニクス社製スポット紫外線照射装置(365nm照度:100mW/cm2)で紫外線を60秒照射した。照射後組成物はゲル化していた。これを室温暗所に静置すると、8時間後も組成物はゲル状のまま同じ形状を維持していた。これにもう一枚のスライドガラスを貼り合わせ、ピンチで固定し、90℃の恒温炉に放置すると、ゲル状の組成物は温度の上昇とともに速やかに液状となりガラス接着面の全面に広がり塗布された。そのまま90℃の恒温炉で加熱を続けると、30分後組成物は硬化し強固に接着した。これより、本発明のひとつの組成物が、紫外線照射により流動性の調節や塗布後の形状保持が可能であり、その後の加熱により再度液状となった後硬化する接着剤として有効であることが示された。
[エネルギー線を透過しない部材の引張せん断接着強さ試験]
実施例8の組成物を、2枚の鉄(SPCC-SD、25×50×1.6mm)試験片の端部10mmに薄く塗布し、ウシオ電機株式会社製コンベア式紫外線照射装置(ランプ:UVL-4001-N)を用いてエネルギー線5J/cm2を照射した。照射直後、塗布面の組成物は液状であった。速やかにもう一枚の鉄試験片の組成物塗布面を貼り合わせピンチで固定し、100℃恒温炉に放置した。10分後に取り出すと、接着面の組成物は硬化し接着した。室温にて2時間放冷してから、万能引張試験器(インストロン)を用いて引張速度50mm/min.で引張せん断接着強さを測定した引張せん断接着強さは11.8MPaであった。これにより、本発明の組成物は接着部材が鉄のように光等のエネルギー線を透過しない場合でも組成物にエネルギーを照射した後、貼り合わせることにより室温または加熱により短時間で強固に接着が可能であることがわかる。また、硬化時間を雰囲気温度により調節できることがわかる。
Claims (7)
- (D)光増感剤をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(C)成分が下記一般式(2)または一般式(3)で表される塩を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記Z+の4級アンモニウムカチオンは、1,8-ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデカ-7-エン、1,5-ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノナ-5-エン、トリアザビシクロデセン、ヘキサヒドロメチルピリミドピリミジン、もしくはテトラn-ブチルアンモニウムのいずれかの構造を分子内に1以上有するカチオンからなる群から選択され、
前記Z+のアルカリ金属カチオンは、ナトリウムカチオン、カリウムカチオン、およびリチウムカチオンからなる群から選択され、
前記Z+のホスホニウムカチオンは、下記一般式(4)で表される化合物であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記(D)成分が、一般式(5)~(8)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される化合物;ベンジルケタール系光ラジカル重合開始剤、α-ヒドロキシアセトフェノン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、ベンゾイン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、アミノアセトフェノン系光開始剤、オキシムケトン系光ラジカル重合開始剤、アシルホスフィンオキシド系光ラジカル重合開始剤、および一般式(9)からなる群から選択されるラジカル重合開始剤;ナフタレン誘導体、およびアントラセン誘導体からなる群から選択される芳香族炭化水素;ニトロ安息香酸、およびニトロアニリンからなる群から選択されるニトロ化合物;またはリボフラビン、ローズベンガル、エオシン、エリシスロシン、メチレンブルー、およびニュー・メチレンブルーローズからなる群から選択される色素から選択されることを特徴とする請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- (E)分子内にラジカル重合性基を1つ以上含む化合物をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物を、波長150~830nmの活性エネルギー線を照射したのち、室温または加熱環境下で該組成物を硬化させることを特徴とする硬化方法。
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- 2012-12-11 CN CN201280062197.0A patent/CN103987754B/zh active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2792694A4 (en) | 2015-07-15 |
JPWO2013089100A1 (ja) | 2015-04-27 |
KR101958343B1 (ko) | 2019-03-15 |
CN103987754B (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
KR20140113651A (ko) | 2014-09-24 |
EP2792694A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
CN103987754A (zh) | 2014-08-13 |
US9150723B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
US20140329926A1 (en) | 2014-11-06 |
JP6036703B2 (ja) | 2016-11-30 |
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