WO2013027824A1 - アンテナ及び電子装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ及び電子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013027824A1 WO2013027824A1 PCT/JP2012/071433 JP2012071433W WO2013027824A1 WO 2013027824 A1 WO2013027824 A1 WO 2013027824A1 JP 2012071433 W JP2012071433 W JP 2012071433W WO 2013027824 A1 WO2013027824 A1 WO 2013027824A1
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- split ring
- split
- antenna
- ring part
- conductor layer
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
- H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/16—Folded slot antennas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna and an electronic device.
- metamaterials A metamaterial known as the most basic component is a split ring resonator using a C-shaped split ring obtained by cutting an annular conductor at a part in the circumferential direction.
- the split ring resonator can control the effective permeability by interacting with the magnetic field.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for increasing the effective magnetic permeability by disposing a split ring resonator in the vicinity of a monopole antenna and reducing the size of the monopole antenna.
- Non-Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for increasing the effective magnetic permeability by periodically disposing a split ring resonator in a region between a patch antenna patch and a ground plane, thereby reducing the size of the patch antenna. .
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 it is necessary to arrange a split ring resonator provided separately from the monopole antenna and the patch antenna so as to be perpendicular to the ground plane.
- the split ring resonator disposed perpendicular to the ground plane cannot be manufactured integrally with the ground plane by a normal printed circuit board manufacturing process. For this reason, there exists a problem which manufacturing cost increases.
- Non-Patent Document 2 has a problem that the operating band is narrowed by applying the split ring resonator to the patch antenna having an originally narrow operating band.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna that is small in size, operates in a wide band, and can be manufactured at low cost, and an electronic device including the antenna.
- An antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first split ring portion that surrounds a first opening and has a first split portion that is provided in a part of the circumferential direction and has a substantially C-shaped first split ring portion. And a second split ring portion that is opposed to the first split ring portion, surrounds the second opening, has a second split portion in a part of the circumferential direction, and is substantially C-shaped.
- a second conductor layer is provided to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the first split portion and the second split portion, and electrically connects the first split ring portion and the second split ring portion.
- a plurality of conductor vias a first end provided in a conductor layer different from the first conductor layer and electrically connected to at least one of the plurality of conductor vias, and the first and second openings; Across the section And a feed line having a second end extending to the slit ring portion facing the region.
- An electronic apparatus includes at least one antenna described above.
- the first conductor layer and the second conductor layer that face each other with the dielectric layer in between have the first split ring part and the second split ring part that are substantially C-shaped.
- the split ring resonator itself can be used as an antenna radiator.
- an antenna can be formed at low cost only from a dielectric multilayer substrate having a plurality of conductor layers with at least a dielectric layer interposed therebetween. Further, such an antenna operates in a relatively wide band because a patch antenna is not used.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows the structure which provided the auxiliary conductor pattern in the split part of the antenna which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- the calculation result by the electromagnetic field simulation of the antenna of this embodiment at the time of providing an auxiliary conductor pattern is shown.
- the antenna which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention it is a figure which shows the example of a structure provided with the conductor land pattern which connects a some conductor via, and connected the feeder to the conductor land pattern.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of a shape of the split ring resonator in 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the other example of a shape of the split ring resonator in 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the other example of a shape of the split ring resonator in 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the other example of a shape of the split ring resonator in 4th Embodiment.
- FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device along the line AA ′ in FIG. 23. It is sectional drawing of the electronic device which concerns on the 1st modification of the 6th embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the electronic device which concerns on the 2nd modification of the 6th embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 29. It is sectional drawing of the antenna which concerns on the 1st modification of the 7th embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the antenna which concerns on the 2nd modification of the 7th embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the antenna which concerns on the 3rd modification of the 7th embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 33.
- the seventh embodiment of the present invention it is a diagram illustrating a configuration in which an opening is arranged in a convex portion formed by projecting a second split ring portion from a rectangular substrate.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 is configured by alternately laminating a plurality of dielectric layers 9A and 9B and conductor layers.
- the antenna 10 is split into a first conductor layer (first conductor layer) 7A, a conductor layer (third conductor layer) 7B, and a conductor layer (second conductor layer) 7C.
- the ring part 1, the feed line 4, and the second split ring part 2 are formed in order, respectively.
- the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2 are arranged so that at least a part thereof faces each other with the dielectric layers 9A and 9B interposed therebetween.
- the first split ring portion 1 is formed with a rectangular opening 5a.
- the second split ring portion 2 is formed with a rectangular opening 5b similar to the opening 5a.
- the openings 5 a and 5 b are formed so as to overlap each other when viewed from a direction orthogonal to the surface of the dielectric multilayer substrate 7.
- the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2 are formed with a slot-like split part (first split part) 6a and a split part (second split part) 6b.
- the split part 6a and the split part 6b are arranged in the opening part 5a and the opening part 5b on the side close to the outer edge of the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2, and the first split ring part 1 and the second split part 6b.
- the outer edge of the split ring part 2 is connected.
- a plurality of conductor vias 3 are formed around the opening 5a and the opening 5b so as to surround the opening 5a and the opening 5b in a top view.
- the plurality of conductor vias 3 penetrate the dielectric layers 9A and 9B and electrically connect the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2.
- the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 face each other with the dielectric layers 9A and 9B interposed therebetween and are electrically connected by the conductor via 3. .
- the first split ring part 1 surrounds the opening 5a and has a split part 6a formed in a part of the circumferential direction, and is continuous in a substantially C shape.
- the second split ring portion 2 surrounds the opening 5b and has a split portion 6b formed in a part in the circumferential direction, and is continuous in a substantially C shape.
- One end 4 a of the feeder 4 is connected to at least one conductor via 3.
- the other end 4b of the feeder 4 extends to a region facing the opposite first split ring portion 1 across the opening 5a and the opening 5b in a top view, and is connected to an RF circuit (not shown).
- the first split ring part 1, the second split ring part 2, and the feeder line 4 are generally formed of copper foil. However, the first split ring part 1, the second split ring part 2, and the feeder line are formed. 4 may be formed of other materials as long as it is conductive. The first split ring part 1, the second split ring part 2, and the feeder line 4 may be made of the same material or different materials.
- the conductor via 3 is generally formed by plating a through hole formed in the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 with a drill.
- the conductor via 3 may have any configuration as long as the layers can be electrically connected.
- the conductor via 3 can be configured by using a laser via formed by a laser. 1 and 2, the dielectric layers 9A and 9B of the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 are omitted to illustrate the structure of the inner layer.
- the antenna 10 configured as described above, the inductance generated by the current flowing in the ring shape along the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 along the edges of the openings 5a and 5b, and the split portion 6a, An LC series resonance circuit (split ring resonator) composed of the capacitance generated in 6b is formed.
- the antenna 10 operates as an antenna near the resonance frequency.
- a high frequency signal is fed from the RF circuit to the split ring resonator via the feed line 4.
- the resonance frequency of the split ring resonator increases the size of the openings 5a and 5b and increases the inductance by increasing the current path, or increases the capacitance by reducing the interval between the split portions 6a and 6b. Therefore, the frequency can be lowered.
- the method of narrowing the interval between the split portions 6a and 6b increases the loss because the electric field concentrates on the split portions 6a and 6b, while reducing the operating frequency without increasing the overall size. For this reason, this method is suitable for miniaturization.
- the feeder line 4 forms a transmission line by being electrically coupled to the first split ring part 1 in a region facing the first split ring part 1.
- the characteristic impedance of this transmission line can be designed by the line width of the feeder line 4 or the layer spacing between the first split ring portion 1 and the feeder line 4. Therefore, by matching the characteristic impedance of the transmission line with the impedance of the RF circuit, it is possible to feed the RF circuit signal to the antenna without reflection. However, even when the characteristic impedance of the transmission line does not match the impedance of the RF circuit, the essential operation of the present embodiment is not affected at all.
- At least one antenna 10 as described above can be provided in an electronic device having a communication function. Since such an electronic device can reduce the size of the antenna 10, the entire device can be reduced in size.
- the configuration shown in the above embodiment is an example, and the following application examples can be realized.
- the antenna 10 of the present embodiment can match the impedance between the feed line 4 and the antenna by changing the connection position between the feed line 4 and the split ring resonator.
- the connection positions in FIGS. 1 and 2 are an example, and the connection position can be changed by connecting the feeder 4 to another conductor via 3 so that the impedance can be adjusted.
- auxiliary conductor patterns 8a and 8b are provided in the split portions 6a and 6b as shown in FIG. 4 .
- the auxiliary conductor patterns 8a and 8b are formed of a strip-like conductor layer extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the split portions 6a and 6b face each other.
- FIG. 5 shows the calculation result by the electromagnetic field simulation of the antenna of this embodiment when the auxiliary conductor pattern is provided.
- the simulation was performed under the following conditions.
- the size of the dielectric multilayer substrate was set to 50 mm ⁇ 30 mm.
- the size of the split ring resonator was set to 10 mm ⁇ 4.5 mm.
- the interval between the split portions was set to 0.1 mm.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 5 indicates the frequency.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 5 represents the reflection loss (S11) of the antenna as viewed from the feeder line 4.
- S11 reflection loss
- the calculation result in the case of the length L1 of the auxiliary conductor pattern is indicated by a solid line.
- the calculation result in the case of the length L2 of the auxiliary conductor pattern is indicated by a broken line.
- the calculation result in the case of the length L3 of the auxiliary conductor pattern is indicated by a one-point difference line. 5 that the capacitance of the split ring resonator increases and the resonance frequency shifts to a lower frequency as the length L of the auxiliary conductor pattern increases.
- the center frequency is 2.445 GHz
- the operation band of 10 dB or less is 2.36 to 2.52 GHz. Therefore, in this case, it can be confirmed that the frequency band of the wireless LAN is sufficiently covered.
- Feed line 4 may be connected to a plurality of conductor vias 3.
- a configuration as shown in FIG. 6 can be considered.
- a strip-shaped conductor land pattern 9 provided so as to connect a plurality of conductor vias 3 is provided in the same layer as the feeder line 4.
- the feeder line 4 is connected to the conductor land pattern 9.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example in which parts and wiring are not arranged in the region of the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2.
- the configuration is not limited to this.
- Components such as LSIs and ICs and wirings may be arranged in the region of the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2 of any one of the layers of the dielectric multilayer substrate 7.
- a configuration in which an RF circuit connected to the feeder line 4 is provided in the region of the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2 can be considered.
- the opening provided in the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2 for arranging components and wirings is smaller than the openings 5a and 5b.
- the current of the antenna of the present embodiment flows not only in the split ring resonator but also in the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2. Therefore, if there is an opening larger than the openings 5a and 5b, a current flows around the opening, so that the opening behaves as an antenna and unintentional radiation occurs. However, even if the opening is unavoidable due to the arrangement of components and wiring, the essential operation of the antenna 10 of this embodiment is not affected at all.
- the second split ring portion 2 may have any size and shape as long as it includes the opening 5b in a top view.
- the second split ring portion 2 may have a ring shape formed with a substantially uniform width so as to surround the opening 5 b.
- the second split ring portion 2 is preferably continuous in a C shape.
- the essential operation of the antenna 10 of this embodiment is not affected at all. For example, a configuration in which a part of the second split ring portion 2 is missing in order to avoid other mounting parts can be considered.
- FIG. 7 shows a case where the first split ring portion 1 is rectangular.
- the first split ring portion 1 may have any size and shape as long as it includes the opening 5a in top view.
- a configuration as shown in FIG. 8 can be considered.
- the convex portion 7e is formed so that the first split ring portion 1 protrudes from the rectangular substrate 7d.
- An opening 5a is disposed in the convex portion 7e.
- FIG. 1 and 2 show an example in which the openings 5a and 5b are rectangular.
- the shape of the opening is not necessarily limited to this.
- a configuration in which circular openings 5a and 5b are provided as shown in FIG. 9 can be considered.
- the shape of the opening may be other shapes.
- FIG. 10 show an example in which the split portions 6a and 6b are provided in the center in the longitudinal direction of the openings 5a and 5b.
- the position of the split part is not necessarily limited to this.
- a configuration in which two split portions are provided can also be considered.
- 1 and 2 show examples in which the conductor via 3 is arranged so as to surround the opening 5a and the opening 5b in a top view.
- the arrangement of the conductor vias 3 is not limited to this.
- a configuration in which one conductor via 3 is provided on each side across the split portion may be employed.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 may be made of any material as long as it is a multilayer substrate and may be formed by any process.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 may be a printed board using a glass epoxy resin.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 may be an interposer substrate such as an LSI.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 may be a module substrate using a ceramic material such as LTCC.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 may be a semiconductor substrate such as silicon.
- the case where the antenna 10 of this embodiment is formed on the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 has been described as an example. However, if each element made of a conductor can be arranged and connected as described above, the space between each element does not necessarily need to be filled with a dielectric.
- each element is manufactured from sheet metal, and the elements are partially supported by a dielectric support member or the like.
- the dielectric loss can be reduced and the radiation efficiency of the antenna can be improved.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the antenna 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna 20 according to this embodiment is the same as the antenna 10 of the first embodiment except for the following points.
- the antenna 20 shown in FIG. 12 includes a third split ring part (second split ring part) 21 in the same layer as the feeder line 4.
- the third split ring part 21 is arranged so that at least a part of the third split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2 face each other.
- a rectangular opening 5 c is formed as in the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2.
- the openings 5a, 5b, and 5c are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from above.
- the slot-shaped split part (second split part) 6c is formed so as to open so as to overlap with the split parts 6a and 6b in a top view.
- the opening 5c is connected to the outer edge of the third split ring portion 21 by the split portion 6c.
- the third split ring portion 21 is provided with a clearance 22 in a region where the feed line 4 extends.
- the third split ring portion 21 and the power supply line 4 are insulated by the clearance 22.
- the conductor via 3 is disposed so as to surround the openings 5a, 5b, and 5c in a top view.
- the conductor via 3 electrically connects the first split ring part 1, the second split ring part 2, and the third split ring part 21.
- an LC series resonance including an inductance generated by a current flowing in a ring shape along the edges of the openings 5a, 5b, and 5c and a capacitance generated in the split portions 6a, 6b, and 6c.
- a circuit split ring resonator
- the feeder line 4 is connected to the third split ring portion 21. For this reason, the feeder 4 can feed a high-frequency signal from the RF circuit to the split ring resonator.
- the capacitance generated in the three split portions 6a, 6b, and 6c is connected in parallel. For this reason, the capacitance can be increased by an amount corresponding to the split portion 6c in the present embodiment than in the first embodiment. Therefore, the antenna 20 of this embodiment can reduce the resonance frequency compared to the antenna 10 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 shows the case where the third split ring portion 21 has a ring shape close to the size of the opening 5c.
- the third split ring portion 21 may have any size and any shape as long as the opening 5c is included in the top view.
- the third split ring part 21 may have the same shape and size as the first split ring part 1.
- FIG. 12 shows the case where the second split ring portion 2 has the same shape and size as the first split ring portion 1.
- the second split ring portion 2 may have any shape including the opening 5b in a top view. Any size can be used.
- the second split ring portion 2 may have a ring shape formed with substantially the same width so as to surround the opening 5 b.
- FIG. 12 shows the case where the first split ring portion 1 is rectangular.
- the first split ring portion 1 may have any size and any shape as long as the opening 5a is included in the top view.
- a configuration as shown in FIG. 14 can be considered.
- the convex part 7e is formed so that the first split ring part 1 protrudes from the rectangular substrate 7d.
- An opening 5a is disposed in the convex portion 7e.
- FIG. 12 shows a case where the third split ring portion 21 is provided only on the same layer as the feeder line 4.
- the configuration is not limited to this.
- a plurality of third split ring portions 21 may be provided in a plurality of layers including the same layer as the feeder line 4 between the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2.
- the feed line 4 may be connected to the third split ring portion 21 provided in the same layer as the feed line 4.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna 30 according to this embodiment is the same as the antenna 10 according to the first embodiment except for the following points.
- the feed line 4 is disposed on the same layer as the second split ring portion 2.
- One end 4 a of the feeder 4 is connected to the edge of the opening 5 b of the second split ring portion 2.
- a clearance 32 is provided in a region where the feeder line 4 extends.
- the second split ring portion 2 and the power supply line 4 are insulated by the clearance 32.
- FIG. 15 shows a case where the second split ring portion 2 has a ring shape formed with a substantially constant width so as to surround the opening 5b.
- the second split ring portion 2 may have any shape as long as it includes the opening 5b in a top view.
- the second split ring part 2 may have the same shape and size as the first split ring part 1.
- the second split ring portion 2 is provided with a clearance 32 in a region where the feed line 4 extends.
- the second split ring portion 2 and the power supply line 4 are insulated by the clearance 32.
- the feeder 4 forms a transmission line by being electrically coupled to the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 in a region facing the first split ring portion 1.
- the characteristic impedance of this transmission line can be designed by the line width of the feeder line 4, the layer spacing between the first split ring portion 1 and the feeder wire 4, or the spacing between the second split ring portion 2 and the feeder line 4. . Therefore, in the case of FIG. 16 as well, in the same manner as in FIG. 15, by matching the characteristic impedance of the transmission line to the impedance of the RF circuit, the signal of the RF circuit can be fed to the antenna without reflection.
- the dielectric multilayer substrate 7 can be made thinner than the antenna 10 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a top view of an antenna 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of the top view of the antenna 40 of FIG.
- the antenna 40 according to this embodiment is the same as the antenna 10 of the first embodiment except for the following points.
- the antenna 40 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 has split ring resonators inside the opening 5a in the same layer as the first split ring portion 1 and inside the opening 5b in the same layer as the second split ring portion 2, respectively. 41 is arranged.
- the split ring resonator 41 includes a ring-shaped conductor pattern 41A and a ring-shaped conductor pattern 41B disposed inside the conductor pattern 41A.
- the conductor pattern 41A has a split.
- the conductor pattern 41B has a split like the conductor pattern 41A and is slightly smaller than the conductor pattern 41A.
- Splits 42a and 42b provided on the outer and inner rings are configured to face opposite sides.
- the split ring resonator 41 interacts with the magnetic flux penetrating the openings 5a and 5b, and can control the effective magnetic permeability of the antenna. In particular, in the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the split ring resonator 41, the effective permeability can be increased, so that the operating frequency of the antenna 40 can be lowered.
- the split ring resonator 41 is not necessarily limited to the shape of FIG.
- FIGS. 19A to 19C show an example of a configuration in which rectangular split ring resonators 41C and 41D are provided in an inner and outer double so that the split portions 42c and 42d face each other.
- FIG. 19B shows an example of a single C-shaped split ring resonator 41E.
- FIG. 19C shows an example of a single split ring resonator 41F.
- strip-shaped auxiliary conductor patterns 8c and 8d are formed on both sides of the split portion 42e. With this configuration, the capacitance in the split part 42e can be increased, and thus a larger effective magnetic permeability can be realized.
- FIG. 17 and 18 show examples in which two split ring resonators 41 are arranged in the openings 5a and 5b. However, one split ring resonator 41 may be disposed in each of the openings 5a and 5b, or three or more split ring resonators 41 may be disposed.
- FIG. 18 shows an example in which the split ring resonator 41 is arranged in the same layer as the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2. However, the split ring resonator 41 may be provided in another layer as long as it is located inside the openings 5a and 5b in a top view. However, when the split ring resonator 41 is provided in the same layer as the feeder line 4, it is necessary to pay attention to the arrangement so that the split ring resonator 41 and the feeder line 4 do not contact each other.
- FIG. 20 is a top view of an antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- an antenna 50 according to this embodiment is based on the first embodiment, and includes two antennas according to the first embodiment.
- the antenna 50 of the present embodiment includes a first antenna 51 and a second antenna 52 in the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 of the dielectric multilayer substrate 7. Due to such a configuration, for example, it can be used for a communication method that requires a plurality of antennas such as MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). It is known that a low correlation coefficient between antennas is desirable for obtaining high throughput in MIMO. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 21, the structure which reduces the correlation coefficient between antennas by making the direction of a 1st and 2nd antenna orthogonal may be considered.
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- FIG. 22 is a top view of an antenna 60 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a top view illustrating an example of an electronic device 70 in which the antenna 60 according to the present embodiment is connected to the parent board 68.
- 24 is a cross-sectional view of the electronic device 70 taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
- the antenna 60 according to the present embodiment is the same as the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment except for the following points.
- the antenna 60 of the present embodiment includes the RF circuit 63 in the region of the second split ring portion 2.
- a signal from the RF circuit 63 is configured to be input to the feeder line 4 and functions as a wireless module.
- Parent board 68 has functions other than wireless communication.
- a fixing screw hole 65 is provided to fix the antenna 60 to the mother board 68 and to make an electrical connection between the antenna 60 and the mother board 68.
- the fixing screw hole 65 is provided in a region near the side opposite to the side on which at least one opening 5a, 5b of the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2 is provided.
- the antenna 60 is connected to the parent screw 68 by passing the conductive screw 67 through the fixing screw hole 65 and the screw hole provided in the area of the ground plane 69 of the parent board 68. It is fixed to the substrate 68.
- the fixing screw hole 65 and the conductive screw 67 function as an electrical connection portion, so that at least one of the first split ring portion 1 or the second split ring portion 2 of the antenna 60 and the ground plane 69 of the parent substrate 68 are obtained. And are electrically connected. As a result, both potentials can be made the same.
- an antenna current flows through the entire ground plane of the antenna. Therefore, when the ground plane of the antenna and the ground plane of the parent substrate are electrically connected, the antenna current path changes, and the antenna characteristics greatly vary.
- the antenna current is concentrated around the openings 5a and 5b, and the antenna current is relatively small at the position of the fixing screw hole 65. For this reason, even when connected to the parent board 68, the influence on the antenna current is small, and the change in antenna characteristics can be suppressed.
- FIG. 24 shows the case where the antenna 60 is installed without providing a gap between it and the parent board 68.
- a spacer 71 may be inserted between the antenna 60 and the mother board 68 so that a gap is provided between the antenna 60 and the mother board 68.
- the antenna 60 can be separated from the ground plane 69 of the parent substrate 68 that is a conductor. For this reason, the performance degradation of the antenna can be suppressed.
- the essential operation of the antenna 60 of this embodiment is not affected at all.
- the case where two fixing screw holes 65 are provided has been described as an example.
- the number of fixing screw holes 65 may be one, or three or more.
- the configuration of the electrical connection portion is not necessarily limited. It is not limited to this.
- a connector 72 connected to at least one of the first split ring part 1 or the second split ring part 2 is provided in the region, and the parent substrate 68 is connected via the connector 72.
- a configuration of an electrical connection portion that is connected to the ground plane 69 can also be considered.
- FIG. 23 shows a case where the antenna 60 is connected to a corner of the parent board 68.
- the connection position of the antenna 60 is not necessarily limited to this position.
- the antenna 60 may naturally be connected near the center of the parent substrate 68.
- FIG. 23 shows a case where only one antenna 60 is connected to the parent board 68.
- a configuration in which a plurality of antennas 60 are connected to the parent board 68 is naturally conceivable.
- a case based on the third embodiment has been described as an example.
- FIG. 28 is a perspective view of an antenna 80 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a top view of the antenna 80.
- FIG. 30 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
- the antenna 80 according to this embodiment is the same as the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment except for the following points.
- the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 of the antenna 80 of the present embodiment are formed so that the first gap 81a and the second gap 81b overlap each other in plan view.
- the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 are formed such that the second first gap 82a and the second second gap 82b overlap each other in plan view.
- a first chip component 83 is connected to the second gap 81b so as to connect both sides of the second split ring part 2 divided by the second gap 81b.
- the second chip component 84 is connected to the second second gap 82b so as to connect both sides of the second split ring portion 2 divided by the second second gap 82b.
- an impedance formed by the first chip component 83 and the second chip component 84 is further added in series to the split ring resonator of the antenna 30 of the third embodiment. For this reason, it becomes possible to change the resonant frequency of a split ring resonator. For example, when using a chip inductor as the first chip component 83 and the second chip component 84, an inductance is added in series to the split ring resonator. For this reason, the resonance frequency can be lowered according to the inductance value.
- the resonance frequency can be increased according to the capacitance value. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the operating frequency of the antenna 80 by appropriately selecting the impedance of the first chip component 83 and the second chip component 84.
- a 0 ohm resistor is used as the first chip component 83 and the second chip component 84, no series impedance is added to the split ring resonator. For this reason, the resonance frequency of the split ring resonator does not change. For this reason, when it is not necessary to adjust the operating frequency of the antenna 80, a 0 ohm resistor may be selected as the first chip component 83 and the second chip component 84.
- the case where the first chip component 83 is connected to the second gap 81b has been described as an example. However, the first chip component 83 only needs to be connected to one or both of the first gap 81a and the second gap 81b. Similarly, in FIG. 30, a case where the second chip component 84 is connected to the second second gap 82b will be described as an example. However, the second chip component 84 only needs to be connected to one or both of the second first gap 82a and the second second gap 82b.
- one first chip component 83 is connected to both the first gap 81a and the second gap 81b, and the second chip component 84 is connected to the second first gap 82a. It is also possible to consider a configuration in which one is connected to both the second gap 82b and the second second gap 82b.
- the first chip component 83 may be connected to the first gap 81a, and the second chip component 84 may be connected to the second second gap 82b.
- each of the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2 has been described as an example.
- one gap may be provided in each of the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2.
- FIGS. 33 and 34 a configuration is considered in which the first gap 81a and the second gap 81b are formed so as to overlap each other in the first split ring portion 1 and the second split ring portion 2 in plan view. You can also.
- the operating frequency of the antenna 80 can be adjusted in exactly the same manner as in FIG. Further, since the number of chip parts can be reduced as compared with the case of FIG. 29, loss due to the chip parts can be reduced.
- the shapes of the first split ring part 1 and the second split ring part 2 for example, a configuration as shown in FIG. 35 can be considered.
- the second split ring portion 2 is formed on the convex portion 7e so as to protrude from the rectangular substrate 7d.
- An opening 5b is disposed in the convex portion 7e.
- the first split ring portion 1 also has a configuration in which the opening 5a is arranged in the convex portion 7e formed to protrude from the rectangular substrate 7d.
- the first gap 81a and the second gap 81b are provided on one of the boundaries between the substrate 7d and the convex portion 7e.
- a second first gap 82a and a second second gap 82b are provided on the other boundary between the substrate 7d and the convex portion 7e.
- the present invention can be applied to an antenna and an electronic device including the antenna.
- An antenna to which the present invention is applied and an electronic device provided with the antenna operate in a wide band and can be manufactured at a low cost while being small.
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Abstract
Description
非特許文献2では、スプリットリング共振器を、パッチアンテナのパッチとグランドプレーンの間の領域に周期的に配置することで実効透磁率を大きくし、パッチアンテナを小型化する技術が開示されている。
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされた。本発明の目的の一例は、小型でありながら、広帯域に動作し、しかも低コストに製造可能なアンテナ及びこのアンテナを備えた電子装置を提供することにある。
本発明の実施態様に係るアンテナは、第1の開口部を囲むとともに周方向の一部に設けられた第1スプリット部を有し略C字状に連続する第1スプリットリング部を有する第1の導体層と、前記第1スプリットリング部と対向し、第2の開口部を囲むとともに周方向の一部に第2スプリット部を有し略C字状に連続する第2スプリットリング部を有する第2の導体層と、前記第1スプリット部および前記第2スプリット部の周方向に間隔を隔ててそれぞれ備えられ、前記第1スプリットリング部と前記第2スプリットリング部とを電気的に接続する複数の導体ビアと、前記第1の導体層とは異なる導体層に設けられ、前記複数の導体ビアの少なくとも一つに電気的に接続される第1端、および前記第1および第2の開口部を跨いで前記第1スプリットリング部と対向する領域に延伸した第2端を有する給電線と、を備える。
[第一の実施形態]
図1から図3に示すように、誘電体多層基板7は、複数の誘電体層9A,9Bと導体層とが交互に積層されて構成される。アンテナ10は、誘電体多層基板7において、互いに異なる導体層(第1の導体層)7A、導体層(第3の導体層)7B,導体層(第2の導体層)7Cに、第1スプリットリング部1、給電線4、第2スプリットリング部2がそれぞれ順に形成されて構成される。
第1スプリットリング部1には長方形の開口部5aが形成されている。第2スプリットリング部2には開口部5aと同様の長方形の開口部5bが形成されている。開口部5a、5bは、それぞれ誘電体多層基板7の表面に直交する方向から見たときに、互いに重なるよう形成されている。
図1、図2では内層の構造を図示するため、誘電体多層基板7の誘電体層9A,9Bを省略している。
本実施形態のアンテナ10は給電線4とスプリットリング共振器との接続位置を変更することで、給電線4とアンテナとのインピーダンスを整合させることができる。図1、図2の接続位置は一例であり、給電線4を他の導体ビア3に接続することで接続位置を変更してインピーダンスが整合するように調整することができる。
また、第2スプリットリング部2は、C字状に連続することが好ましい。しかしながら、第2スプリットリング部2の一部が欠けていても本実施形態のアンテナ10の本質的な動作には何ら影響を与えない。例えば、第2スプリットリング部2の一部が、他の実装部品を避けるために欠けているような構成を考えることもできる。
例えば、誘電体多層基板7は、ガラスエポキシ樹脂を用いたプリント基板であってもよい。誘電体多層基板7は、LSI等のインターポーザー基板であってもよい。誘電体多層基板7は、LTCCなどのセラミック材料を用いたモジュール基板であってもよい。誘電体多層基板7は、当然シリコンなどの半導体基板であってもよい。
ここでは、本実施形態のアンテナ10を誘電体多層基板7に形成する場合を例に説明した。しかしながら、導体で作られた各要素を上記の通りに配置、接続できれば、各要素の間の空間は必ずしも誘電体で満たされている必要はない。例えば、各要素を板金で製造して、各要素の間を誘電体支持部材などで部分的に支えるような構成も考えることができる。この場合、誘電体支持部材以外の部分は中空となるため、誘電損失を低減しアンテナの放射効率を向上させることができる。
図12は、本発明の第二の実施形態に係るアンテナ20の斜視図である。図12に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ20は以下の点を除いて第一の実施形態のアンテナ10と同様である。
図12に示すアンテナ20は、給電線4と同一の層に、第3スプリットリング部(第2スプリットリング部)21が備えられている。第3スプリットリング部21は、第1スプリットリング部1および第2スプリットリング部2と少なくとも一部が互いに対向するように配置される。
第3スプリットリング部21には、第1スプリットリング部1、第2スプリットリング部2と同様に長方形の開口部5cが形成されている。開口部5a、5b、5cはそれぞれ上面視で重なるように配置されている。
この場合、給電線4は給電線4と同一の層に設けられた第3スプリットリング部21に接続されればよい。
図15は、本発明の第三の実施形態に係るアンテナ30の斜視図である。
図15に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ30は以下の点を除いて第一の実施形態に係るアンテナ10と同様である。
図15に示すアンテナ30は、給電線4が第2スプリットリング部2と同一の層に配置されている。給電線4の一端4aが、第2スプリットリング部2の開口部5bの縁に接続される。第2スプリットリング部2には、給電線4が延伸する領域に、クリアランス32が設けられている。クリアランス32により、第2スプリットリング部2と給電線4とが絶縁されている。以上のように構成されることで、給電線4によってRF回路からの高周波信号をスプリットリング共振器に給電することができる。
例えば、図16に示すように、第2スプリットリング部2が第1スプリットリング部1と同様の形状、大きさであってもよい。図16の場合も、図15の場合と同様に、第2スプリットリング部2には、給電線4が延伸する領域にクリアランス32が設けられる。クリアランス32により第2スプリットリング部2と給電線4とが絶縁されている。以上のように構成されることで、給電線4によってRF回路からの高周波信号をスプリットリング共振器に給電することができる。
図17は、本発明の第四の実施形態に係るアンテナ40の上面図である。図18は、図17のアンテナ40の上面図のA-A´線に沿った断面図である。図17、図18に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ40は以下の点を除いて第一の実施形態のアンテナ10と同様である。
図17、図18に示すアンテナ40は、第1スプリットリング部1と同一層の開口部5aの内部および、第2スプリットリング部2と同一層の開口部5bの内部に、それぞれスプリットリング共振器41が配置される。スプリットリング共振器41は、リング状の導体パターン41Aと、導体パターン41Aの内部に配置されたリング状の導体パターン41Bを有する。導体パターン41Aは、スプリットを有する。導体パターン41Bは、導体パターン41Aと同様にスプリットを有し、導体パターン41Aよりも一回り小さい。外側と内側のそれぞれのリングに設けられたスプリット42a、42bが互いに反対側を向くように構成されている。
図20は、本発明の第五の実施形態に係るアンテナ50の上面図である。図20に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ50は、第一の実施形態を基本とし、第一の実施形態に係るアンテナを2つ備えることを特徴とする。
本実施形態のアンテナ50は、誘電体多層基板7の第1スプリットリング部1および第2スプリットリング部2に、第一のアンテナ51および第二のアンテナ52を備える。このような構成のため、例えばMIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)のような複数アンテナを必要とする通信方式に用いることができる。
MIMOにおいて高いスループットを得るには、アンテナ間の相関係数が低いことが望ましいことが知られている。このため、図21に示すように、第一と第二のアンテナの向きを直交させることで、アンテナ間の相関係数を低減させるような構成も考えることができる。
ここでは、アンテナを2つ備える場合を例に説明した。しかしながら、当然2つ以上のアンテナを備えるような構成を考えることもできる。
図22は、本発明の第六の実施形態に係るアンテナ60の上面図である。図23は、本実施形態に係るアンテナ60を親基板68に接続した電子装置70の一例を示す上面図である。図24は図23のA-A´線に沿った電子装置70の断面図である。図22に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ60は、以下の点を除いて第三の実施形態に係るアンテナ30と同様である。
固定用ネジ穴65と導電性ネジ67とが電気的接続部として機能することで、アンテナ60の第1スプリットリング部1または第2スプリットリング部2の少なくとも一方と、親基板68のグランドプレーン69とが電気的に接続されている。これによって、両者の電位を同一にすることが可能となる。
ここでは、第3の実施形態を基本とした場合を例に説明した。しかしながら、当然他の実施形態を基本とするような構成を考えることもできる。
図28は本発明の第七の実施形態に係るアンテナ80の斜視図である。図29はアンテナ80の上面図である。図30は図29のA-A´線に沿った断面図である。図28から図30に示されているように、本実施形態に係るアンテナ80は以下の点を除いて第三の実施形態に係るアンテナ30と同様である。
第2間隙81bには、第2間隙81bで分割された第2スプリットリング部2の両側を接続するように、第1チップ部品83が接続されている。同様に、第2の第2間隙82bには、第2の第2間隙82bで分割された第2スプリットリング部2の両側を接続するように、第2チップ部品84が接続されている。
例えば、第1チップ部品83及び第2チップ部品84としてチップインダクタを用いる場合、スプリットリング共振器に直列にインダクタンスが付加される。このため、インダクタンスの値に応じて共振周波数を低周波化させることができる。
同様に図30では、第2チップ部品84が第2の第2間隙82bに接続された場合を例に説明し。しかしながら、第2チップ部品84は、第2の第1間隙82a及び第2の第2間隙82bのいずれか一方もしくは両方に接続されていればよい。
このように構成することで、図29の場合と全く同様にアンテナ80の動作周波数を調整することができる。また、図29の場合と比べてチップ部品の個数を少なくすることができるため、チップ部品による損失を低減することができる。
2 第2スプリットリング部
3 導体ビア
4 給電線
5a、5b、5c 開口部
6a スプリット部(第1スプリット部)
6b スプリット部(第2スプリット部)
6c スプリット部
7 誘電体多層基板
7A 導体層(第1の導体層)
7B 導体層(第3の導体層)
7C 導体層(第2の導体層)
7d 基板
7e 凸部
8a、8b 補助導体パターン
9 導体ランドパターン
10、20、30、40、50、60、80 アンテナ
21 第3スプリットリング部(第2スプリットリング部)
22、32 クリアランス
41 スプリットリング共振器
51 第一のアンテナ
52 第二のアンテナ
63 RF回路
65 固定用ネジ穴(電気的接続部)
67 導電性ネジ(電気的接続部)
68 親基板
69 グランドプレーン
70 電子装置
80 アンテナ
81a 第1間隙
81b 第2間隙
83 第1チップ部品
84 第2チップ部品
Claims (11)
- 第1の開口部を囲むとともに周方向の一部に設けられた第1スプリット部を有し略C字状に連続する第1スプリットリング部を有する第1の導体層と、
前記第1スプリットリング部と対向し、第2の開口部を囲むとともに周方向の一部に第2スプリット部を有し略C字状に連続する第2スプリットリング部を有する第2の導体層と、
前記第1スプリット部および前記第2スプリット部の周方向に間隔を隔ててそれぞれ備えられ、前記第1スプリットリング部と前記第2スプリットリング部とを電気的に接続する複数の導体ビアと、
前記第1の導体層とは異なる導体層に設けられ、前記複数の導体ビアの少なくとも一つに電気的に接続される第1端、および前記第1および第2の開口部を跨いで前記第1スプリットリング部と対向する領域に延伸した第2端を有する給電線と、を備えるアンテナ。 - 第3の開口部を囲むとともに周方向の一部に第3スプリット部を有し略C字状に連続する第3スプリットリング部を有する第3の導体層をさらに備える請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記第1の導体層と前記第2の導体層との間に設けられた第3の導体層をさらに備え、
前記給電線は、第3の導体層に設けられ、対向する前記第1スプリットリング部と電気的に結合することで前記第1スプリットリング部と共に伝送線路を構成している請求項1に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記第3の導体層は、前記第1の導体層と前記第2の導体層との間に設けられ、
前記給電線は、第3の導体層に設けられ、対向する前記第1スプリットリング部と電気的に結合することで前記第1スプリットリング部と共に伝送線路を構成している請求項2に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記給電線は、前記第2の導体層に設けられ、前記給電線の第1端が前記第2スプリットリング部の前記第2の開口部の縁に接続され、前記第2スプリットリング部を介して前記複数の導体ビアの少なくとも一つに電気的に接続され、
前記給電線が延伸する領域には、前記給電線と前記第2スプリットリング部との間にクリアランスが設けられて前記給電線と前記第2スプリットリング部とが絶縁され、
前記給電線は、対向する前記第1スプリットリング部と電気的に結合することで、前記第1スプリットリング部と共に伝送線路を構成している請求項1に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記給電線は、前記第3の導体層に設けられ、前記給電線の第1端が前記第3スプリットリング部の第3の開口部の縁に接続され、前記第3スプリットリング部を介して前記複数の導体ビアの少なくとも一つに電気的に接続され、
前記給電線が延伸する領域には、前記給電線と前記第3スプリットリング部との間にクリアランスが設けられて前記給電線と前記第3スプリットリング部とが絶縁され、
前記給電線は、対向する前記第1スプリットリング部と電気的に結合することで、前記第1スプリットリング部と共に伝送線路を構成している請求項2に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記第1スプリットリング部は、前記第1スプリット部を挟んで前記第1スプリット部の両側で対向する部分に、導体面積を増加させてキャパシタンスを増加させる第1の補助導体パターンを有し、
前記第2スプリットリング部は、前記第2スプリット部を挟んで前記第2スプリット部の両側で対向する部分に、導体面積を増加させてキャパシタンスを増加させる第2の補助導体パターンを有する請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記開口部の少なくとも一つの内部に、少なくとも一つのスプリットリング共振器が備えられている請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ。
- チップ部品をさらに備え、
前記第1スプリットリング部は、周方向の一部に設けられた第1間隙をさらに有し、
前記第2スプリットリング部は、周方向の一部に設けられた第2間隙をさらに有し、
前記チップ部品は、前記第1間隙によって分割された第1スプリットリング部の両側、または前記第2間隙によって分割された第2スプリットリング部の両側を接続するように、第1間隙または第2間隙の少なくとも一方に設けられる請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナ。 - 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のアンテナを少なくとも1つ備える電子装置。
- グランドプレーンを備える親基板と、
前記アンテナにおける第1スプリット部及び第2スプリット部が備えられた辺の反対側の辺付近の領域に備えられた電気的接続部とをさらに備え、
前記アンテナの第1スプリットリング部または第2スプリットリング部と前記グランドプレーンとが、前記電気的接続部によって電気的に接続される請求項10に記載の電子装置。
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WO2020213295A1 (ja) | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | 日本電気株式会社 | スプリットリング共振器及び通信装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105896093B (zh) | 2019-10-18 |
JPWO2013027824A1 (ja) | 2015-03-19 |
US9496616B2 (en) | 2016-11-15 |
EP2750249A4 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
US20170040689A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
EP2750249A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
US10218071B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
EP2750249B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 |
JP6020451B2 (ja) | 2016-11-02 |
CN103748741B (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
US20140203993A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
CN105896093A (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
CN103748741A (zh) | 2014-04-23 |
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