WO2018180766A1 - アンテナ、マルチバンドアンテナ及び無線通信装置 - Google Patents
アンテナ、マルチバンドアンテナ及び無線通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018180766A1 WO2018180766A1 PCT/JP2018/011029 JP2018011029W WO2018180766A1 WO 2018180766 A1 WO2018180766 A1 WO 2018180766A1 JP 2018011029 W JP2018011029 W JP 2018011029W WO 2018180766 A1 WO2018180766 A1 WO 2018180766A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
- H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/18—Resonant slot antennas the slot being backed by, or formed in boundary wall of, a resonant cavity ; Open cavity antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
- H01Q21/0043—Slotted waveguides
- H01Q21/005—Slotted waveguides arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/062—Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an antenna, a multiband antenna, and a wireless communication device.
- multiband antennas capable of communication in a plurality of frequency bands have been put into practical use as antennas for mobile communication base stations and Wi-Fi communication antenna devices in order to secure communication capacity.
- the multiband antenna described in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of dipole antennas each corresponding to a different frequency band.
- This multiband antenna is configured by an array in which high-band and low-band cross-dipole antennas are alternately arranged on an antenna reflector.
- the multiband antenna is provided with a central conductor fence between the plurality of arrangements.
- the central conductor fence is configured to reduce mutual coupling between adjacent high band antenna elements and adjacent low band antenna elements.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an antenna, a multiband antenna, and a multiband antenna that can arrange a plurality of antennas corresponding to different frequency bands at a short distance by reducing reflection of electromagnetic waves and reducing influence on other antennas. It is to provide a wireless communication device.
- the antenna according to one aspect of the present invention is an antenna whose operating frequency is the first frequency band, and the antenna includes a radiating conductor including a frequency selection plate, and a power feeding unit that supplies power to the radiating conductor. And the frequency selection plate transmits electromagnetic waves in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band.
- a multiband antenna includes a first radiating conductor, and includes a first antenna having an operating frequency in a first frequency band and a second radiating conductor, and the operating frequency is the first radiating conductor.
- a second antenna that is a second frequency band different from the frequency band, and a power supply unit that supplies power to the first radiation conductor and the second radiation conductor, and the first radiation conductor includes: A frequency selection plate that transmits electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band is provided.
- a BB unit that outputs a BB (Base Band) signal, an RF unit that converts the BB signal into an RF (Radio Frequency) signal, and the RF signal are input.
- the antenna includes a radiating conductor and a power feeding unit that supplies power to the radiating conductor, the operating frequency is the first frequency band, and the radiating conductor is the first frequency band.
- a frequency selection plate that transmits electromagnetic waves in a second frequency band different from the first frequency band.
- a BB unit that outputs a BB (Base Band) signal, an RF unit that converts the BB signal into an RF (Radio Frequency) signal, and the RF signal are input.
- a multi-band antenna, and the multi-band antenna includes a first radiating conductor, and includes a first antenna having an operating frequency in a first frequency band and a second radiating conductor, and the operating frequency is A second antenna that is a second frequency band different from the first frequency band; and a power feeding unit that supplies power to the first radiation conductor and the second radiation conductor.
- the radiation conductor includes a frequency selection plate that transmits the electromagnetic waves in the second frequency band.
- antennas corresponding to different frequency bands can be arranged at a short distance, so that the entire apparatus can be miniaturized.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the function and effect of the antenna 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the function and effect of the antenna 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 103 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the FSS 1030 according to the first embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram showing a configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the antenna 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna array 60 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna array 60 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna array 60 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a configuration of a multiband antenna array 61 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the wireless communication device 70 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a wireless communication device 70 according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna 10 is an antenna having a frequency selection plate (hereinafter referred to as FSS (Frequency Selective Surface / Sheet)).
- FSS Frequency Selective Surface / Sheet
- the antenna 10 includes two radiating conductors 101 and a feeding point 102.
- the two radiation conductors 101 include FSSs 103 in the resonator portion.
- the FSS 103 may be arranged other than the resonator portion.
- the FSS 103 includes a conductor part 104 and a gap part 105.
- the antenna 10 is designed to operate in a predetermined frequency band f1. f1 is called an operating frequency band.
- the radiating conductor 101 has a length approximately 1 ⁇ 4 of the wavelength ⁇ 1 of the operating frequency band f1 in the longitudinal direction. Since the antenna 10 includes the two radiation conductors 101, the antenna 10 has a length that is approximately 1 ⁇ 2 of the wavelength ⁇ 1 in the longitudinal direction.
- the radiation conductor 101 includes an FSS 103.
- the feeding point 102 is supplied with high frequency power from a power supply (not shown).
- the feeding point 102 electrically excites the two radiating conductors 101 in the operating frequency band f1 by the supplied power.
- the feeding point 102 may be referred to as a feeding unit, and supplies power to the radiation conductor 101.
- the antenna 10 operates as a dipole antenna that operates in the operating frequency band f1.
- the FSS is a plate-like structure having either a conductor, a periodic structure of a conductor, a conductor and a dielectric, or a periodic structure of a conductor and a dielectric.
- the FSS is generally used for a reflecting plate, a radome, etc., and has a function of selectively transmitting or reflecting electromagnetic waves in a specific frequency band incident on the plate surface.
- the FSS 103 is provided in the resonator portion of the radiation conductor 101.
- the FSS 103 may be disposed other than the resonator portion of the radiation conductor 101.
- the FSS 103 has a periodic structure including the conductor portion 104 and the gap portion 105.
- the FSS 103 has a function of transmitting electromagnetic waves in a frequency band f2 different from the operating frequency band f1.
- the radiation conductor 101, the conductor portion 104, and what is described as a conductor in the following description are made of, for example, a metal such as copper, silver, aluminum, nickel, or other good conductor material.
- the radiation conductor 101 and the FSS 103 may be manufactured by a normal substrate manufacturing process such as sheet metal processing, a printed circuit board provided with a dielectric layer, or a semiconductor substrate.
- the normal antenna 1000 that operates in the frequency band f1 is composed of a conductor having a size that is about 1 ⁇ 2 of the wavelength ⁇ 1 of f1, so that the frequency band f2 ( In particular, most of the electromagnetic waves of f2> f1) are reflected, and the state of the electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2 is changed (for example, the radiation pattern of the antenna 2000 operating in the frequency band f2 is changed). In other words, the antenna 1000 obstructs the operation of the antenna 2000 disposed nearby, for example.
- the antenna 10 transmits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2 in the FSS 103.
- the portion of the radiation conductor 101 other than the FSS 103 can be considered as one or a plurality of small conductor pieces as shown in FIG.
- the characteristics of the individual conductor pieces with respect to the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f2 incident on the antenna 10 are the characteristics in which transmission is dominant. Become. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- the antenna 10 can transmit most of the incident electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2, and thus can suppress a change in the state of the electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2. That is, for example, the antenna 10 can reduce the influence on the antenna 2000 that operates in the frequency band f2 disposed nearby.
- the influence on the antenna 10 by replacing the antenna 1000 with the antenna 10, that is, the antenna 1000 including the FSS 103 is insignificant. That is, the antenna 10 can be used as it is or with fine adjustment of the design of the antenna 1000.
- the FSS 103 has a characteristic of reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the incident frequency band f1 as in the case where the FSS 103 is simply composed of a conductor plate, the FSS 103 is almost distinguishable from the conductor before being replaced by the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f1. Absent. That is, the FSS 103 does not affect the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f1.
- the antenna 10 of the first embodiment can reduce the influence on electromagnetic waves in a frequency band different from the operating frequency band.
- the effect of the FSS 103 is remarkable when f2> f1, but the effect of the present invention can also be achieved when f1> f2.
- the FSS 103 is configured to include the conductor portion 104 and the gap portion 105, but the configuration of the FSS 103 is not limited to this.
- the FSS 103 may be an FSS having electromagnetic wave transmission characteristics in the frequency band f2.
- the FSS 103 has the property of reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f1 like the conductor plate.
- the FSS 103 may have any characteristics with respect to the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f1 as long as the operation of the antenna 10 in the frequency band f1 is not hindered.
- the FSS 103 has a periodic structure including the conductor 104 and the gap 105, but the number of the periodic structures is not particularly limited.
- the FSS 103 may be, for example, an FSS having only one repeating unit (hereinafter referred to as a unit cell 106) constituting a periodic structure in accordance with predetermined transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2.
- the periodic structure in the FSS 103 may not be strictly periodic, and the structure of each unit cell 106 may be slightly different depending on predetermined transmission characteristics.
- the periodic structure in the FSS 103 is substantially square in FIG. 1, but the shape is not limited to this, and may be a rectangle, a triangle, a hexagon, other polygons, a circle, or the like.
- the antenna 10 includes the FSS 103 in a part of the radiation conductor 101.
- the FSS 103 is not necessarily a part of the radiating conductor 101, and as shown in FIG. 4, the entire radiating conductor 101 of the antenna 10 may be composed of the FSS 103.
- the size of the portion other than the FSS 103 (one or each of the plurality of conductor pieces) of the radiation conductor 101 is smaller than 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2, as described above.
- the predetermined characteristics of the antenna 10 with respect to the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f2 it is not necessarily smaller than 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2.
- the antenna 10 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, but may be a dipole antenna formed with a conductor pattern provided on or inside the dielectric substrate 120 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the antenna 10 may include a conductor reflector 121 and two feed line conductor portions 122. In this case, the two radiating conductors 101 are positioned at a distance h from the conductor reflector 121 in the vertical direction. One end of each of the two feeder line conductor portions 122 is electrically connected to an adjacent end portion of each of the two radiation conductors 101. The other end of each feeder line conductor 122 extends from the radiation conductor 101 to the conductor reflector 121 as a feeder line and is connected to the feeder point 102.
- the FSS 103 may constitute part or all of the feeder line conductor portion 122 in addition to the radiation conductor 101.
- the FSS 103 may constitute part or all of the conductor reflector 121 in addition to the radiation conductor 101 and the feeder conductor portion 122.
- the antenna 10 can give the transmission part with respect to the electromagnetic wave of the frequency band f2 to conductor parts other than the radiation
- FIG. The distance h is preferably about 1 ⁇ 4 of ⁇ 1.
- the antenna 10 is a dipole antenna in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, but is not necessarily a dipole antenna.
- the antenna 10 may be another type of antenna such as a monopole antenna, a patch antenna, or a slot antenna, and the resonator portion may include an FSS.
- FIG. 6 shows a top view of a uniform state of the FSS 103 as a modification.
- the FSS 103 illustrated in FIG. 6 includes a plurality of conductor portions 107 in addition to the FSS 103 illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 6 shows a case where the unit cell 106 includes four conductor portions 107.
- the conductor portion 107 is provided in the gap portion 105, one end is electrically connected to the conductor portion 104, and the other end faces the other conductor portion 107 with a gap.
- the FSS includes an electromagnetic resonance structure that resonates in a specific frequency band that the FSS selectively transmits or reflects.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 1 has a resonance structure that resonates in the frequency band f2, and transmits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2.
- the FSS 103 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a conductor portion 104 that is looped by a gap portion 105 in the unit cell 106. Since the electrical length of the loop-shaped conductor portion 104 is close to one wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f2, the conductor portion 104 resonates electromagnetically in the frequency band f2.
- This resonance due to the one-wavelength conductor loop can be rephrased as follows.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 1 is electromagnetically generated by the inductance of the conductor 104 that is looped by the gap 105 in the unit cell 106 and the capacitance between the conductors 104 facing each other with a gap due to the gap 105. Resonates.
- the conductor portion 107 can adjust the distance between the conductors facing each other with a gap therebetween, so that the capacitance can be adjusted. For example, when the gap portion 105 is reduced and the unit cell 106 is reduced, the capacitance of the conductor portion 107 is increased by the amount that the inductance of the conductor portion 104 is reduced, thereby reducing the unit cell 106 without changing the resonance frequency. can do. Therefore, the unit 107 can be made small without changing the transmission characteristics of the FSS 103 by the conductor portion 107, so that the degree of freedom in design can be improved and part of the radiation conductor 101 can be easily replaced with the FSS 103.
- the shape of the conductor portion 107 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG.
- the conductor portion 107 may have any shape as long as the distance between the opposing conductors with a gap in the gap portion 105 is changed.
- FIG. 7 shows a top view (xy plan view) of a uniform state of the modified example of the FSS 103
- FIG. 8 shows a front view (xz plan view) of the uniform state of the modified example of the FSS 103.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 includes a mesh-like conductor composed of meandering conductor portions 108 and 109 and a conductor via 110 instead of the conductor portion 104.
- the meander-like conductor portions 108 and 109 are meander-like conductors arranged in different layers with the dielectric portion 111 interposed therebetween.
- the conductor via 110 is a conductor that penetrates the dielectric portion 111 and electrically connects the meandering conductor portions 108 and 109.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is composed of mesh conductors connected across a plurality of layers by means of meander conductors 108 and 109 and conductor vias 110.
- This is a resonance structure that determines the transmission characteristics of the FSS 103 described above, and a one-wavelength conductor loop can be provided in an area smaller than that in FIG. This is because the meander shape of the meandering conductor portions 108 and 109 increases the inductance per unit length in the circumferential direction of the conductor loop, thereby ensuring the effective electrical length of the loop with a small area. is there.
- the meandering conductors 108 and 109 are provided in different layers, so that the meandering conductors 108 and 109 are overlapped when viewed from above as shown in FIG.
- the meander can be formed as follows. For this reason, the area efficiency at the time of forming a meander compared with a single layer is improved, and the inductance can be further increased. In this way, even if the conductors in the circumferential direction of the conductor loop, which are the resonance structure of the FSS, are provided in different layers for increasing the inductance and are overlapped when viewed from the top view, they enter the FSS.
- the inventors have confirmed that the transmission or reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves are not adversely affected.
- FIG. 9 shows a top view of a uniform state of the modification example of the FSS 103.
- the FSS 103 illustrated in FIG. 9 includes a plurality of conductor portions 112 and 113 in addition to the configuration of the FSS 103 illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the conductor portions 112 and 113 correspond to the conductor portion 107 in FIG.
- One end of the conductor portion 112 is connected to the meander-like conductor portion 108, and the other end faces the other conductor portion 112 with a gap.
- one end of the conductor portion 113 is connected to the meander-like conductor portion 109, and the other end faces the other conductor portion 113 with a gap.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 9 can be made smaller than the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
- the plurality of conductor portions 112 and the plurality of conductor portions 113 are provided in the same layer and face each other with a gap in the xy plane in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, it can be opposed to 113 in the z direction in FIG.
- one of the plurality of conductor portions 112 or the plurality of conductor portions 113 acts as an auxiliary conductor when the other forms a capacitance, and this capacitance can be increased.
- the conductor 114 By the conductor 114, the area of the portion where the plurality of conductor portions 112 and the plurality of conductor portions 113 face each other and the area of the portion where the conductor portions 112 and 113 face each other via the dielectric portion 111 are simultaneously set. Can be increased. That is, the conductor 114 has an effect of further increasing the above-described capacitance.
- FIG. 10 shows a top view of a uniform state of the FSS 103 as a modification.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 10 is a linear conductor portion instead of one of the meander conductor portions 108 and 109 (the meander conductor portion 109 in FIG. 10) in the structure of the FSS 103 shown in FIGS. 115.
- the FSS 103 may not have electrical symmetry in two directions on a plane parallel to the FSS 103. In this case, the electromagnetic wave transmission characteristic or reflection characteristic of the FSS 103 can be different for each polarization of the incident electromagnetic wave.
- FIG. 11 shows a top view of a uniform state of the FSS 103 as a modification.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 11 further includes a conductor patch 116, an open stub 117, and a conductor pin 118 in addition to the configuration of the FSS 103 shown in FIG.
- the conductor patch 116 is provided in the same layer as the conductor part 104 in the gap part 105 without being in contact with the conductor part 104.
- the open stub 117 straddles the conductor patch 116 and the conductor portion 104 and is provided in a different layer from the conductor patch 116 and the conductor portion 104.
- One end of the open stub 117 is open, and the other end is connected to the conductor patch 116 by a conductor pin 118.
- the conductor pin 118 electrically connects the open stub 117 and the conductor patch 116.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 11 adjusts the length of the open stub 117 by the adjustment structure including the conductor patch 116, the open stub 117, and the conductor pin 118, so that the size of the unit cell 106 is not changed. It is possible to adjust or increase the capacitance formed by the conductor portions facing each other with a gap. That is, the FSS 103 can change the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave to be transmitted by adjusting the length of the open stub 117. When the length of the open stub 117 is increased, the capacitance increases, so that the characteristic (resonant frequency) of the resonant structure shifts to a low range. At this time, the frequency band of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the FSS 103 is changed to a low band.
- the open stub 117 is linear.
- the open stub 117 may have a spiral shape as shown in FIG. 12, or may have another shape.
- the open stub 117 has a spiral shape, so that the length can be secured in a limited space.
- FIG. 13 shows a top view of a uniform state of FSS 1030 which is a further modification of FSS 103.
- the FSS 1030 in FIG. 13 includes a plurality of conductor patches 119 that are arranged on a plane at intervals in a substantially periodic manner.
- the FSS 103 shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 to 12 includes conductors connected in a substantially mesh shape and selectively transmits the frequency band f2.
- the FSS may have a patch shape in which the conductor portion is not electrically connected in the unit cell 106 or between the adjacent unit cells 106.
- the radiation conductor 101 shown in FIG. 1 may include the FSS 1030 of FIG. 13 as long as the FSS 1030 has a characteristic of transmitting electromagnetic waves incident in the frequency band f2. In that case, since the antenna 10 includes the FSS 1030 and operates in the frequency band f1, the electromagnetic behavior in the frequency band f1 of the FSS 1030 may need to be separately adjusted.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the dipole antenna in the first embodiment is replaced with a patch antenna.
- the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the antenna 20 is a patch antenna having an FSS 103 in the resonator portion.
- the FSS 103 may be arranged other than the resonator portion.
- the antenna 20 includes a conductor reflector 201, a conductor patch 202, a dielectric substrate 203, a conductor via 204, and a feeding point 102.
- the conductor reflector 201 and the conductor patch 202 are disposed substantially in parallel with the dielectric substrate 203 interposed therebetween.
- the conductor reflecting plate 201 includes a gap 205 for supplying power.
- the conductor patch 202 includes the FSS 103. In other words, part or all of the conductor patch 202 is replaced with the FSS 103.
- the conductor via 204 is disposed so as to penetrate the dielectric substrate 203, one end is connected to the conductor patch 202, and the other end is in the gap 205.
- the feeding point 102 is provided between the conductor reflector 201 and the conductor via 204.
- the electrical length of one side of the conductor patch 202 including the effect of the dielectric substrate 203 is 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 1, and the conductor reflector 201, the conductor patch 202, the dielectric substrate 203, and the conductor via 204 have the frequency band f1.
- the patch antenna that operates in is formed.
- the antenna 20 has a characteristic that the portion of the FSS 103 transmits f2 electromagnetic waves. Further, the remaining part of the conductor patch 202 except for the FSS 103 has a short length in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 14 and is small with respect to the electromagnetic wave of f2, as in the first embodiment. Therefore, transmission is dominant as a characteristic of the incident f2 with respect to the electromagnetic wave. As a result, the conductor patch 202 transmits most of the incident electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2, and reduces the influence on the electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2. Therefore, for example, the antenna 20 can reduce the influence on the operation of the antenna in which the conductor patch 202 operates in the frequency band f2 disposed nearby.
- FIG. 15 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 30 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the dipole antenna in the first embodiment is replaced with an antenna using a split ring resonator (split ring antenna).
- split ring resonator split ring antenna
- the antenna 30 is an antenna including the FSS 103 in the split ring resonator portion.
- the FSS 103 may be arranged other than the split ring resonator portion.
- the antenna 30 includes a substantially C-shaped annular conductor 301, a dielectric substrate 302, a conductor via 303, a conductor feed line 304, and a feed point 102 as an antenna using a split ring resonator.
- the annular conductor portion 301 (split ring resonator) is an annular conductor that surrounds the gap 312, and a part of the circumferential direction thereof is cut away by the split portion 305.
- the annular conductor portion 301 forms an inductance with an annular conductor, and forms a capacitance between the ends of the annular conductor portions 301 opposed via the split portion 305.
- the antenna 30 using a split ring resonator that excites electromagnetic resonance with the inductance and the capacitance can be reduced in size as compared with a dipole antenna having the same operating frequency.
- the length L in the longitudinal direction of the annular conductor portion 301 can be set to about 1 ⁇ 4 of ⁇ 1.
- the annular conductor portion 301 includes the FSS 103. In other words, part or all of the annular conductor 301 is replaced with the FSS 103.
- the conductor feed line 304 is opposed to the annular conductor 301 with the dielectric substrate 302 interposed therebetween. When viewed from the direction in which the annular conductor 301, the dielectric substrate 302, and the conductor feed line 304 are laminated, the conductor feed line 304 is disposed across the gap 312. One end of the conductor feed line 304 is electrically connected to the vicinity of the split portion 305 of the annular conductor portion 301 via the conductor via 303. The other end of the conductor feed line 304 is connected to the feed point 102.
- the feeding point 102 is provided between the other end of the conductor feeding line 304 and the annular conductor portion 301.
- the conductor via 303 penetrates the dielectric substrate 302, one end is electrically connected to the vicinity of the split portion 305 of the annular conductor portion 301, and the other end is electrically connected to the vicinity of one end of the conductor feed line 304.
- the conductor via 303 electrically connects the annular conductor portion 301 and the conductor feed line 304.
- the antenna 30 has a characteristic that the portion of the FSS 103 transmits f2 electromagnetic waves. Further, as in the first embodiment, the remaining portion of the annular conductor 301 excluding the FSS 103 is short in length in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. Since it behaves like a piece, transmission is dominant as a characteristic of the incident f2 with respect to the electromagnetic wave. As a result, the annular conductor 301 transmits most of the incident electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2, and reduces the influence on the electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2. Therefore, for example, the antenna 30 can reduce the influence on the operation of the antenna that operates in the frequency band f2 disposed in the vicinity.
- the antenna 30 can reduce the size of the original conductor included in the antenna by the split ring resonator formed by the annular conductor portion 301. Therefore, when the conductor part is replaced with the FSS 103 in order to provide the transmission characteristic with respect to the electromagnetic wave of f2, the conductor part in the antenna needs to be replaced with the FSS 103 in order to obtain a desired transmission characteristic. This is because even if the number of parts replaced with the FSS 103 is small, the size of the remaining conductor portion can be small because the original antenna size is small, and it is easy to behave as a small conductor piece.
- the antenna 30 has less change in characteristics when part of the antenna 30 is replaced with the FSS 103, and the design adjustment can be made lighter.
- the conductor around the split part 305 and the gap 312 at the center of the annular conductor part 301 has a large influence on the resonance frequency of the antenna 30, it is not necessary to replace it with the FSS 103. Become.
- the antenna 30 may replace the entire annular conductor portion 301 with the FSS 103 as shown in FIG. Further, the conductor feed line 304 may be replaced with the FSS 103.
- the antenna 30 does not necessarily include the dielectric substrate 302.
- the annular conductor portion 301 has a rectangular shape as a whole, but it does not necessarily have to be a rectangular shape, and may have any shape other than a triangular shape or a circular shape.
- FIG. 17 shows an example of a variation of the antenna 30.
- the description of the dielectric substrate 302 is omitted for simplification.
- the antenna 30 may use only one unit cell in the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 6 as the FSS 103 that replaces a part of the annular conductor portion 301.
- the size of the unit cell of the FSS 103 shown in FIG. 6 used as the FSS 103 may be about the size of the short side of the rectangular annular conductor portion 301.
- the conductor portion 107 included in the FSS 103 may include only the conductor portion 107 that increases the capacitance between the conductors opposed in the longitudinal direction of the annular conductor portion 301 among the conductors opposed across the gap portion 105. Good.
- the transmission characteristic of the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f ⁇ b> 2 having the electric field E parallel to the longitudinal direction of the annular conductor part 301 is adjusted by the conductor part 107.
- FIG. 18 shows an example of a variation of the antenna 30.
- the antenna 30 includes a conductor portion 306, a plurality of conductor portions 307, and conductor vias 308 that electrically connect the conductor portions 306 and the plurality of conductor portions 307 instead of the annular conductor portion 301. .
- the conductor portion 306 and the plurality of conductor portions 307 are stacked such that the plurality of conductor portions 307 sandwich the conductor portion 306 therebetween.
- a dielectric substrate 302 may be provided between the conductor portion 306 and the plurality of conductor portions 307.
- the conductor portion 306, the plurality of conductor portions 307, and the conductor via 308 form an annular conductor across a plurality of layers. Part or all of the conductor portion 306 and the plurality of conductor portions 307 are configured by the FSS 103.
- the conductor portion 306 has a split portion 305.
- the ends of the conductor portions 306 facing each other through the split portion 305 are bent toward the air gap 312 in the center of the annular conductor and extend to the opposite side of the air gap 312.
- the conductor feed line 304 connects one end of the elongated conductor 306 and the feed point 102.
- FIG. 19 shows a uniform state of a modified example of the antenna 30.
- the antenna 30 further includes a radiation conductor 309 at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the annular conductor portion 301.
- the longitudinal current component of the annular conductor portion 301 that contributes to radiation can be guided to the radiation conductor 309, so that radiation efficiency can be improved.
- part or all of the radiation conductor 309 may be configured by the FSS 103.
- FIG. 20 shows an example of a variation of the antenna 30.
- the antenna 30 is a central portion in the longitudinal direction of the annular conductor portion 301, and the conductor portion 310 is further electrically connected to an edge portion facing the split portion 305 and the gap 312 of the annular conductor portion 301.
- the annular conductor portion 301 and the conductor portion 310 form a substantially T-shaped conductor.
- the conductor feed line 304 is provided to face the annular conductor 301 and the conductor 310 with the dielectric substrate 302 interposed therebetween. One end of the conductor feed line 304 is electrically connected to the vicinity of the split portion 305 of the annular conductor portion 301.
- the conductor feed line 304 When viewed from the direction in which the annular conductor 301, the dielectric substrate 302, and the conductor feed line 304 are laminated, the conductor feed line 304 is disposed across the gap 312. The other end of the conductor feeder 304 is extended toward an edge facing the edge connected to the annular conductor 301 of the conductor 310. The conductor feed line 304 and the conductor part 310 form a feed line to the conductor part 310. The feed point 102 is provided between the other end of the extended conductor feed line 304 and the conductor portion 310. Part or all of the conductor part 310 may be replaced with the FSS 103.
- the antenna 30 shown in FIG. 20 may be arranged substantially upright with respect to the conductor reflector 121.
- the extended conductor feed line 304 and the conductor part 310 can be regarded as a feed line for supplying power to the annular conductor part 301 from the conductor reflector 121 side.
- the dielectric substrate 302 may be rectangular as shown in FIG.
- the distance h2 between the upper end of the annular conductor 301 and the conductor reflector 121 is usually preferably about 1 ⁇ 4 of ⁇ 1.
- h2 may be further shortened by design adjustment of the annular conductor part 301 and the conductor part 310, or by making the conductor reflector 121 into a metamaterial reflector.
- the antenna 30 in FIG. 22 includes a conductor portion 306, a plurality of conductor portions 307, and a conductor via 308 in place of the annular conductor portion 301, like the antenna 30 shown in FIG.
- a dielectric substrate 302 may be provided between the conductor portion 306 and the plurality of conductor portions 307.
- the antenna 30 further includes a plurality of conductor portions 310 and conductor vias 311.
- the plurality of conductor portions 310 may be connected to each of the plurality of conductor portions 307.
- the plurality of conductor portions 310 are connected to each other by conductor vias 311.
- the conductor via 311 may be formed so as to cover the periphery of the conductor feed line 304.
- Each of the conductor portion 306, the plurality of conductor portions 307, and the plurality of conductor portions 310 includes the FSS 103.
- FIG. 23 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the antenna 40 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the antenna 40 is different from the first embodiment in that a slot antenna that radiates electromagnetic waves from an opening is used instead of the dipole antenna in the first embodiment.
- the antenna 40 includes a rectangular conductor (slot) 402 including a cavity conductor 401 and an FSS 406, an opening 403, conductor vias 404 and 405, and a feeding point 102.
- slot rectangular conductor
- FSS field-semiconductor
- the same components as those in the other embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the cavity conductor 401 has a rectangular opening (slot) 402 on one surface.
- the cavity conductor 401 has an opening 403 on the other surface facing the surface having the rectangular opening (slot) 402.
- the antenna 40 is fed through the opening 403.
- the conductor via 404 passing through the opening 403 passes through the inside of the cavity conductor 401 and is connected to the cavity conductor 401 in the long side portion of the rectangular opening (slot) 402.
- the conductor via 405 passes through the cavity conductor 401 and connects the cavity conductor 401 around the opening 403 and the cavity conductor 401 in the other long side portion of the rectangular opening (slot) 402.
- the conductor via 404 and the conductor via 405 are opposed to each other through a rectangular opening (slot) 402.
- the power feeding method is not limited to the case through the opening 403, and other power feeding methods such as patch excitation may be used.
- the rectangular opening (slot) 402 includes an FSS 406.
- the FSS 406 has a property of mainly transmitting incident electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1 and reflecting electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2.
- the FSS 406 may have a structure as shown in FIGS. 6 to 12 and a structure that selectively transmits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1, or may have a structure as shown in FIG. 13, for example, in the frequency band f2.
- a structure that selectively reflects electromagnetic waves may be used.
- the size of the rectangular opening (slot) of the slot antenna operating in the frequency band f1 is about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 1 and larger than 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2 (when f1 ⁇ f2). Therefore, for the electromagnetic wave in the frequency band f2, the rectangular opening (slot) 402 behaves as a surface having characteristics different from those of the conductor wall while the conductor portion of the cavity conductor acts as the conductor wall. For this reason, the rectangular opening (slot) has a non-negligible effect on the characteristics of an antenna operating in the frequency band f2 disposed near the slot antenna, with the cavity regarded as a conductor wall, for example, a reflector. End up.
- the rectangular opening (slot) 402 includes an FSS 406.
- the FSS 406 has a characteristic of transmitting electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1. Accordingly, the rectangular opening (slot) 402 behaves as an opening for electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1, and does not hinder the operation of the antenna 40 in the frequency band f1. Further, the FSS 406 has a property of reflecting electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2. As a result, for the frequency band f2, the rectangular opening (slot) 402 behaves substantially the same as the conductor portion of the cavity conductor 401 provided with the rectangular opening (slot) 402. As a result, the rectangular opening (slot) 402 can reduce the influence on the antenna operating in the frequency band f2 placed in the vicinity of the antenna 40.
- the slot antenna is used as the antenna 40 that radiates electromagnetic waves from the opening provided in the conductor as the antenna 40 according to this embodiment, but the antenna 40 may be an antenna using another opening.
- the antenna 40 may be a leaky wave antenna as shown in FIG.
- the antenna 40 includes a conductor line 407 and has a plurality of openings 408 on one surface of the conductor line 407.
- Each opening 408 includes an FSS 406.
- the antenna 40 radiates electromagnetic waves when electromagnetic waves traveling in the conductor line 407 leak from the plurality of openings 408.
- the antenna 40 may be configured to radiate strongly in a specific direction by making the phase difference of electromagnetic waves leaking from the adjacent openings 408 constant.
- the conductor line 407 may have any line configuration such as a coaxial line other than a waveguide.
- FIG. 25 is a configuration diagram showing the configuration of the multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in the other embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the multiband antenna 50 includes an antenna 51 that operates in the frequency band f1 and an antenna 52 that is disposed in the vicinity of the antenna 51 and operates in the frequency band f2.
- the multiband antenna 50 includes two dipole antennas, an antenna 51 and an antenna 52.
- the antenna 51 includes two radiating conductors 101 as in the configuration shown in FIG. 5, and forms a dipole antenna that operates in the frequency band f1.
- the antenna 51 includes a feeding point 102 and two feeding line conductor portions 122, similarly to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the radiation conductor 101 and the feeder line conductor portion 122 include the FSS 103.
- the dielectric substrate 120 is omitted.
- the antenna 52 includes two radiating conductors 501, a feeding point 502, and two feeding line conductor portions 503, as the antenna 51, as a dipole antenna that operates in the frequency band f ⁇ b> 2.
- the dielectric substrate 120 is omitted. Due to the two radiating conductors 501, the longitudinal size of the antenna 52 is usually about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2.
- the antennas 51 and 52 are disposed on the conductor reflector 121 in the same manner as the configuration shown in FIG. At this time, as described in FIG. 5, the distance between the radiation conductor 101 and the conductor reflector 121 is usually about 1 ⁇ 4 of ⁇ 1. Further, the distance between the radiation conductor 501 and the conductor reflector 121 is usually about 1 ⁇ 4 of ⁇ 2.
- the multiband antenna 50 transmits most of the incident electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f2, and the multiband antenna 50 has the frequency band f2. Reduce changes in the state of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the influence of the antenna 51 operating in the frequency band f1 on the operation of the antenna 52 operating in the frequency band f2 can be reduced.
- the multiband antenna 50 includes an antenna 52 that operates in the frequency band f2 in the vicinity of the antenna 51 (for example, within 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2). At this time, the antenna 52 is not significantly affected by the antenna 51 due to the above-described effects. In the case of f1 ⁇ f2, the size of the antenna 52 in the longitudinal direction is about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2 and smaller than 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 1. For this reason, the antenna 51 is not easily affected as a conductor of the antenna 52. Therefore, the multiband antenna 50 can be disposed at a short distance by reducing the influence of the two antennas 51 and 52 operating in the frequency bands f1 and f2 on each other. That is, the multiband antenna 50 can be a small antenna as a whole.
- the influence of the antenna 52 on the antenna 51 depends only on the size of the antenna 52 being small. Therefore, depending on the size of the antenna 52 and predetermined characteristics, as shown in FIG. May be provided. In other words, part or all of the conductor in the antenna 52 may be replaced with the FSS 504.
- the FSS 504 has a characteristic of transmitting most of the electromagnetic waves in the frequency band f1 due to the configuration shown in FIGS.
- dipole antennas are used as the antenna 51 and the antenna 52, but the type of antenna is not limited to the dipole antenna.
- the antennas 51 and 52 may be patch antennas as shown in FIG. 14 described in the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 27, or the third embodiment as shown in FIG. It may be an antenna using the split ring resonator described in.
- the dielectric substrate 302 and the conductor feed line 304 are omitted.
- FIG. 29 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of the multiband antenna array 60 in the sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those in the other embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the multiband antenna array 60 includes a plurality of antennas 51 operating in the frequency band f1 described in the fifth embodiment and a plurality of antennas 52 operating in the frequency band f2 described in the fifth embodiment. .
- the multiband antenna array 60 uses antennas configured as shown in FIGS. 25, 26 and 28 as the antenna 51 and the antenna 52, respectively.
- the multiband antenna array 60 includes a plurality of antennas 51 arranged on the conductor reflector 121 at a distance D1 at approximately equal intervals in two directions, and two directions. And a plurality of antennas 52 arranged at substantially equal intervals at a distance D2.
- the array area of the antenna 51 and the array area of the antenna 52 are overlapped when viewed from directly above the conductor reflector 121.
- the antenna 51 and the antenna 52 are closer to each other than the distances D1 and D2.
- the approaching antenna 51 and the antenna 52 can reduce the influence on each other due to the effects of the FSS 103 and the FSS 504. Therefore, a multiband array with a small area as shown in FIG. Can be configured.
- the antenna 51 and the antenna 52 are arranged in a square array at equal intervals, but the arrangement is not limited to this.
- a rectangular arrangement, a triangular arrangement, a circular arrangement may be used, or unequal intervals may be used.
- the distances D1 and D2 are desirably about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 1 and about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2, respectively, in order to prevent the antennas from being brought too close to each other and to suppress the influence of the grating lobe when operating as an antenna array.
- the value is not limited to this.
- the antenna 51 and the antenna 52 are arranged in substantially parallel orientations, but the orientation is not limited to this.
- elements oriented in a direction perpendicular to a certain direction may be similarly arranged in an array.
- the closest distance between the antennas 51 and the distance between the antennas 52 are 1 / ⁇ 2 of D1 and 1 / ⁇ 2 of D2 in FIG. 30, respectively, but are not limited thereto.
- the multiband antenna array 60 may be configured using the patch antennas shown in FIG. 27 as the antenna 51 and the antenna 52. At this time, as shown in FIG. 31, the antenna 51 and the antenna 52 may be arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from directly above the conductor reflector 201.
- a configuration like a multiband antenna array 61 shown in FIG. 32 may be used.
- the slot antennas of FIG. 23 described in the fourth embodiment are arranged in an array as antennas operating in the frequency band f1.
- a slot antenna operating in the frequency band f2 having the same configuration as that of the slot antenna shown in FIG. are arranged in an array so as to overlap the array region.
- the above-described slot antenna that operates in the frequency band f1 behaves substantially in the same manner as the conductor surface with respect to the antenna that operates in the frequency band f2 placed in the vicinity due to the effect of the FSS 406. It becomes.
- the size of the slot 601 is about 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 2, which is smaller than 1 ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 1 (when f1 ⁇ f2). That is, since the slot 601 has a small opening for the frequency band f1, it exhibits substantially the same properties as the conductor wall. Therefore, the slot antennas operating in the frequency bands f1 and f2 can be arranged at a short distance, and a small multiband antenna array can be realized by arranging them as shown in FIG.
- the FSS 602 in the slot 601, it is possible to reduce the influence of the slot antenna operating in the frequency band f2 on the slot antenna operating in the frequency band f1.
- the FSS 602 has a characteristic of mainly transmitting the electromagnetic wave in the incident frequency band f2 and mainly reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the incident frequency band f1.
- a wireless communication apparatus 70 according to the seventh embodiment will be described.
- FIG. 33 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of a wireless communication device 70 according to the seventh embodiment.
- the wireless communication device 70 includes a multiband antenna 7, a BB (Base Band) unit 71, and an RF (Radio Frequency) unit 72.
- BB Base Band
- RF Radio Frequency
- the BB unit 71 handles a transmission signal S71 before modulation and / or a reception signal after demodulation, which are BB signals.
- the RF unit 72 performs conversion from the BB signal to the RF signal or conversion from the RF signal to the BB signal.
- the RF unit 72 may modulate the transmission signal S71 received from the BB unit 71 and output the modulated transmission signal S72 to the multiband antenna 7.
- the RF unit 72 may demodulate the received signal S73 received by the multiband antenna 7 and output the demodulated received signal S74 to the BB unit 71.
- the multiband antenna 7 includes the multiband antenna 50 according to the fifth embodiment and the multiband antenna array 60 or 61 according to the sixth embodiment.
- the multiband antenna 7 may radiate the transmission signal S72.
- the multiband antenna 7 may receive the reception signal S73 radiated from the external antenna.
- the wireless communication device 70 of the present embodiment may further include a radome 73 that mechanically protects the multiband antenna 7.
- the radome 73 is usually made of a dielectric.
- the wireless communication device 70 capable of wireless communication with the outside can be specifically configured using the multiband antenna 7.
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Abstract
Description
この中央導体フェンスは、隣接する高帯域用アンテナ素子間及び隣接する低帯域用アンテナ素子間の相互カップリングを減らすよう構成される。
本発明の第1の実施の形態としてのアンテナ10について、図1を用いて説明する。アンテナ10は、周波数選択板(以下、FSS(Frequency Selective Surface/Sheet)と称する。)を有するアンテナである。
アンテナ10は2つの放射導体101を含むため、アンテナ10は、長手方向に波長λ1の略1/2の長さを持つ。放射導体101は、FSS103を含む。
しかし、FSS103は、必ずしも放射導体101の一部でなくともよく、図4に示すように、アンテナ10の放射導体101全体が、FSS103で構成されていてもよい。
例えば、空隙部105を小さくし、ユニットセル106を小さくした際、導体部104によるインダクタンスが小さくなった分、導体部107によりキャパシタンスを大きくすることで、共振周波数を変えずにユニットセル106を小さくすることができる。よって、導体部107により、FSS103の透過特性を変えずにユニットセルを小さくできることで、設計自由度が向上し、放射導体101の一部をFSS103に置き換えやすくすることができる。
図14は、本発明の第2の実施の形態におけるアンテナ20の構成を示す構成図である。本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態におけるダイポールアンテナをパッチアンテナに置き換えた点で第1の実施の形態と相違する。本実施の形態において、第1の実施の形態と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しているため、詳細な説明を省略する。
図15は、本発明の第3の実施の形態におけるアンテナ30の構成を示す構成図である。本実施の形態は、第1の実施の形態におけるダイポールアンテナをスプリットリング共振器を用いたアンテナ(スプリットリングアンテナ)に置き換えた点で第1の実施の形態と相違する。本実施の形態において、他の実施の形態と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しているため、詳細な説明を省略する。
スプリット部305を介して対向する導体部306の端部は、環状導体の中央の空隙312方向に曲げられて、空隙312の反対側まで延伸している。スプリット部305において対向する導体部分を増やすことで、スプリットリングの共振におけるキャパシタンスを増加させることができる。導体給電線304は、上記延伸した導体部306の端部の一方と給電点102とを接続している。
図23は、本発明の第4の実施の形態におけるアンテナ40の構成を示す構成図である。
図25は、本発明の第5の実施の形態におけるマルチバンドアンテナ50の構成を示す構成図である。本実施の形態において、他の実施の形態と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しているため、詳細な説明を省略する。
アンテナ52において、誘電体基板120は省略されている。2つの放射導体501により、アンテナ52の長手方向サイズは、通常λ2の1/2程度となる。
図29は、本発明の第6の実施の形態におけるマルチバンドアンテナアレイ60の構成を示す構成図である。本実施の形態において、他の実施の形態と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付しているため、詳細な説明を省略する。
マルチバンドアンテナアレイ61においては、第4の実施形態において述べた図23のスロットアンテナが、周波数帯f1で動作するアンテナとしてアレイ状に並べられている。
さらに、マルチバンドアンテナアレイ61においては、図23に示したスロットアンテナと同様の構成である、周波数帯f2で動作するスロットアンテナが、キャビティ導体401直上からみて、周波数帯f1で動作するスロットアンテナのアレイ領域と重畳するように、アレイ状に並べられている。
第7の実施の形態にかかる無線通信装置70について説明する。
101 放射導体
102 給電点
103 FSS
120 誘電体基板
121 導体反射板
122 給電線導体部
104、107 導体部
105 空隙部
106 ユニットセル
108、109 メアンダ状導体部
110 導体ビア
111 誘電体部
112、113、114 導体部
115 直線状導体部
116 導体パッチ
117 オープンスタブ
118 導体ピン
119 導体パッチ
1030 FSS
20 アンテナ
201 導体反射板
202 導体パッチ
203 誘電体基板
204 導体ビア
205 空隙部
30 アンテナ
301 環状導体部
302 誘電体基板
303 導体ビア
304 導体給電線
305 スプリット部
306、307、310 導体部
308、311 導体ビア
309 放射導体
312 空隙
40 アンテナ
401 キャビティ導体
402、403、408 開口
404、405 導体ビア
406 FSS
407 導体線路
50 マルチバンドアンテナ
51、52 アンテナ
501 放射導体
502 給電点
503 給電線導体部
504 FSS
60 マルチバンドアンテナアレイ
601 スロット
602 FSS
70 無線通信装置
7 マルチバンドアンテナ
71 BB部
72 RF部
73 レドーム
Claims (10)
- 動作周波数が第1の周波数帯であるアンテナであって、
前記アンテナは、周波数選択板を備える放射導体と、前記放射導体に電力を供給する給電部と、を備え、
前記周波数選択板は、前記第1の周波数帯と異なる第2の周波数帯の電磁波を透過する、アンテナ。 - 前記放射導体は、前記第2の周波数帯の波長の1/2未満の大きさを持つ導体片を備える、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記周波数選択板の一部は、導体部と空隙部との周期構造を有する、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記第2の周波数帯の波長は、前記第1の周波数帯の波長よりも短い、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記アンテナは、ダイポールアンテナ又はパッチアンテナである、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記アンテナは、スプリットリングアンテナであり、
前記放射導体は、スプリット部によって切り欠かれた環状導体部を備え、
前記給電部は、給電線を介して前記環状導体部に電力を供給し、
前記給電線の一端は、前記環状導体部の前記スプリット部付近に電気的に接続され、
前記給電線は、前記環状導体部が構成する空隙を跨ぐように配置される、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。 - 前記周波数選択板は、前記第1の周波数帯の電磁波を反射する、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 第1の放射導体を備え、動作周波数が第1の周波数帯である第1のアンテナと、
第2の放射導体を備え、動作周波数が前記第1の周波数帯と異なる第2の周波数帯である第2のアンテナと、
前記第1の放射導体及び前記第2の放射導体に電力を供給する給電部と、を備えるマルチバンドアンテナであって、
前記第1の放射導体は、前記第2の周波数帯の電磁波を透過する周波数選択板を備える、マルチバンドアンテナ。 - 前記第2の放射導体は、前記第1の周波数帯の電磁波を透過する第2の周波数選択板を備える、請求項8に記載のマルチバンドアンテナ。
- BB(Base Band)信号を出力するBB部と、
前記BB信号をRF(Radio Frequency)信号に変換して出力するRF部と、
前記RF信号が入力される請求項1に記載のアンテナ又は請求項8に記載のマルチバンドアンテナと、を備える、無線通信装置。
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JP2019509590A JPWO2018180766A1 (ja) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-03-20 | アンテナ、マルチバンドアンテナ及び無線通信装置 |
EP18774306.7A EP3605727A4 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-03-20 | ANTENNA, MULTIBAND ANTENNA AND WIRELESS COMMUNICATION DEVICE |
US16/491,636 US20190393597A1 (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-03-20 | Antenna, multiband antenna, and wireless communication device |
KR1020197027887A KR20190112332A (ko) | 2017-03-31 | 2018-03-20 | 안테나, 다중대역 안테나, 및 무선 통신 디바이스 |
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US20190393597A1 (en) | 2019-12-26 |
EP3605727A4 (en) | 2020-03-25 |
EP3605727A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
JPWO2018180766A1 (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
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