WO2012035585A1 - 燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池、燃料電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池用セパレータ、燃料電池、燃料電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012035585A1 WO2012035585A1 PCT/JP2010/005666 JP2010005666W WO2012035585A1 WO 2012035585 A1 WO2012035585 A1 WO 2012035585A1 JP 2010005666 W JP2010005666 W JP 2010005666W WO 2012035585 A1 WO2012035585 A1 WO 2012035585A1
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- separator
- groove portion
- fuel cell
- shallow groove
- fluid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/0265—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant the reactant or coolant channels having varying cross sections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
- H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
- H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/2432—Grouping of unit cells of planar configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0286—Processes for forming seals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a separator for a fuel cell, a fuel cell, and a method for manufacturing the fuel cell.
- a plurality of power generation layers including an electrolyte membrane and a pair of electrodes (anode and cathode) separate a fuel gas and an oxidant gas as a reaction gas. It is used in the form of a stack structure that is stacked through. A flow path for flowing a fluid such as a reaction gas or a cooling medium (for example, a coolant) is formed inside the fuel cell.
- a fluid such as a reaction gas or a cooling medium (for example, a coolant) is formed inside the fuel cell.
- a plate-like member As a separator for a fuel cell, a plate-like member has a corrugated cross-sectional shape in which a first groove having a concave shape on one surface side and a second groove having a concave shape on the other surface side are alternately arranged.
- a separator manufactured by processing is known. In such a separator, a flow path for one fluid (for example, coolant) is formed on the one surface side of the first groove portion, and another fluid (for example, fuel) is formed on the other surface side of the second groove portion. Gas) flow paths are formed.
- a separator for a fuel cell a separator in which a series of quadrangular protrusions arranged in the form of a column group are provided on the surface, and a space between the protrusions functions as a flow path for fluid flowing vertically and horizontally. ing.
- the flow directions in the fluid channel formed on one surface side and the fluid channel formed on the other surface side are limited to directions parallel to each other. Therefore, the degree of freedom of fluid path setting is low. Therefore, in a fuel cell using this separator, for example, the arrangement of each manifold is restricted, or the degree of freedom in thermal design in the cell plane is reduced. Although it is possible to improve the degree of freedom in setting the flow direction of the two fluid flow paths by adding another separator part, the increase in the number of parts increases the weight, size, and cost. It is not preferable because it is connected.
- a flow path for allowing fluid to flow vertically and horizontally can be formed on the surface side where the protrusion of the separator is provided. Since the grid-like protrusions are provided on the, and a fluid passage cannot be formed, the fluid passage cannot be formed on both sides only with this separator component.
- such a subject was a subject common to the separator for not only a polymer electrolyte fuel cell but a general fuel cell.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell separator that enables flexible setting of a fluid path while suppressing an increase in the number of parts.
- the present invention can be realized as the following forms or application examples.
- a fuel cell separator A first groove having a concave shape on the first surface side and forming a first fluid flow path on the first surface side; and a second surface side opposite to the first surface side And a corrugated portion having a corrugated cross-sectional shape in which the second groove portion that is a concave shape and forms a second fluid flow path on the second surface side is alternately arranged,
- Each of the second groove portions is a shallow groove portion whose depth when viewed from the second surface side is shallower than other portions, and the shallow groove portion is sandwiched between the first surface side at the position of the shallow groove portion.
- a separator having at least one shallow groove portion that forms a communication channel that communicates two adjacent channel spaces for the first fluid.
- each of the second groove portions has a shallow groove portion whose depth when viewed from the second surface side is shallower than other portions, and the shallow groove portion has a shallow groove portion on the first surface side. Since a communication channel that connects two first fluid channel spaces adjacent to each other with the groove portion interposed therebetween is formed, the first fluid channel space and the second fluid channel are formed by this one fuel cell separator.
- the flow path space for the fluid can be formed, and the flow direction of the first fluid can be freely set without being limited to the direction parallel to the flow direction of the second fluid. Therefore, in this fuel cell separator, the fluid path can be set flexibly while suppressing an increase in the number of components.
- the separator according to Application Example 1 The combination of the first fluid and the second fluid is a separator that is a combination of any two of a fuel gas, an oxidant gas, and a coolant.
- the flow direction of the first fluid is not limited to the direction parallel to the flow direction of the second fluid, and can be freely set. Therefore, the first fluid and the second fluid can be controlled while suppressing an increase in the number of parts.
- the fluid path can be set flexibly.
- the separator according to Application Example 1 The separator according to Application Example 1, The first fluid is a separator, which is a coolant.
- the flow direction of the first fluid which is the coolant
- the flow direction of the first fluid can be freely set without being limited to the direction parallel to the flow direction of the second fluid. The degree can be improved.
- the separator according to Application Example 1 has a substantially rectangular planar shape, A first opening that constitutes the first fluid manifold and a second opening that constitutes the second fluid manifold, in the vicinity of two outer edges facing each other across the corrugated portion of the separator. A separator is formed.
- the electrode utilization factor of the fuel cell can be improved by disposing each manifold in the vicinity of two outer edges facing each other across the corrugated portion of the separator. be able to.
- a cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion is a separator in which a curvature radius or a drawing angle on the downstream side of the flow of the first fluid in the communication channel is larger than a curvature radius or a drawing angle on the upstream side.
- a cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion is a separator in which a curvature radius or a draft angle on the downstream side of the flow of the first fluid in the communication channel is smaller than a curvature radius or a draft angle on the upstream side.
- the flow of the first fluid is suppressed by suppressing the inflow of the first fluid into the portion close to the second surface side of the first fluid channel, and the pressure of the channel is rectified. An increase in loss can be suppressed.
- the effect of suppressing corrosion by enhancing the corrosion resistance of a region adjacent to the shallow groove portion in the first groove portion, which is a region where the eluate is likely to accumulate, and the first groove portion, which is an area where the coolant is likely to accumulate.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, The shallow groove portion of each of the second groove portions is formed at a position aligned with the shallow groove portion of the other adjacent second groove portion, On the first surface side of the corrugated portion, on the downstream side in the flow direction of the first fluid in the communication channel of the deep groove portion, located on the extension of the boundary wall between the deep groove portion and the shallow groove portion.
- the separator is formed with a floor body located on an extension of the floor surface of the shallow groove portion on the downstream side of the shallow groove portion.
- the first fluid that has passed through the communication channel is prevented from flowing around and flowing into the downstream region of the deep groove portion in the first fluid channel on the downstream side, Inflow to the portion close to the second surface side is suppressed, and the flow of the first fluid can be rectified to suppress an increase in pressure loss of the flow path.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, The shallow groove portion of each of the second groove portions is formed at a position aligned with the shallow groove portion of the other adjacent second groove portion, The separator which the spacer which fills a space is arrange
- the first fluid that has passed through the communication channel is prevented from flowing in and flowing into the downstream region of the deep groove portion in the first fluid channel on the downstream side.
- the flow of the fluid can be rectified to prevent an increase in pressure loss in the flow path.
- Each of the second groove portions includes a plurality of the shallow groove portions including the normal shallow groove portion and a middle shallow groove portion deeper than the normal shallow groove portion, The shallow groove portion of each second groove portion is formed at a position aligned with the shallow groove portion of the other adjacent second groove portion, The middle shallow groove part which each said 2nd groove part has is a separator arrange
- the first fluid that has passed through the communication channel formed at the position of the normal shallow groove portion may flow into the communication channel formed at the position of the downstream shallow shallow groove portion.
- the flow of the first fluid is suppressed to be excessive turbulent flow because the flow is suppressed and promoted to flow into the first fluid flow path instead. The stagnation of the first fluid can be suppressed.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, A boundary wall between the deep groove portion in each of the second groove portions and the shallow groove portion adjacent to the deep groove portion on the downstream side of the flow of the second fluid in the second fluid flow path is The separator is inclined so as to be located on the downstream side as it is closer to the front surface side of 2.
- this separator for a fuel cell when the water accumulated at one end on the boundary wall moves to the downstream side when it moves downstream, it is suppressed from collecting on the other boundary wall on the downstream side. It can suppress more reliably. Moreover, it can suppress that the cross-sectional area of a downstream communication flow path reduces by enlarging a width
- the separator according to Application Example 1 The corrugated portion is a separator including a plurality of types of shallow groove portions having different depths.
- the power generation distribution and the temperature distribution in the fuel cell can be made uniform by appropriately arranging a plurality of types of shallow grooves having different depths.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, A boundary wall between the deep groove portion in each of the second groove portions and the shallow groove portion adjacent to the deep groove portion on the downstream side of the flow of the second fluid in the second fluid flow path is The separator which inclines so that it may be located in the said downstream side so that it is far from the surface side of 2.
- This fuel cell separator further promotes the retention of water in the portion on the boundary wall, so that it is possible to satisfactorily suppress dry-up during high-temperature operation of the fuel cell, reducing power generation efficiency and durability of the electrolyte membrane. Can be satisfactorily suppressed.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, A separator, wherein a boundary wall between the deep groove portion and the shallow groove portion in each of the second groove portions has a portion inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to a flow direction of the first fluid in the communication channel.
- the flow direction of a part of the first fluid is defined as an oblique direction along the inclined portion of the boundary wall between the deep groove portion and the shallow groove portion. Therefore, the path of the first fluid can be set more flexibly.
- the first fluid that has passed through the communication channel flows into the communication channel in which the position of the shallow groove portion in the diagonal direction on the downstream side is formed.
- the flow direction of the part can be made oblique, and the path of the first fluid can be set more flexibly.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, The shallow groove portion of each of the second groove portions is in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the first fluid in the communication channel with respect to the position of the shallow groove portion of the other adjacent second groove portion.
- a separator formed at a position shifted by a predetermined distance.
- the first fluid that has passed through the communication channel does not travel straight downstream, but passes through the first fluid channel, and the communication is formed in the position of the shallow groove portion in the diagonally downstream direction. Since it flows into the flow path, it is possible to suppress stagnation of the first fluid in the first fluid flow path.
- Each of the second groove portions has a plurality of the shallow groove portions, The diameter of the deep groove part which the 2nd groove part has is larger than the diameter of the shallow groove part.
- the volume of the portion adjacent to the deep groove portion of the first fluid flow path formed at the position of the first groove portion can be reduced.
- the stagnation of the first fluid can be suppressed.
- the diameter of the deep groove portion which is a portion in contact with the member facing the first surface side at the time of lamination, is large, the lamination load per unit area on the surface of the deep groove portion can be reduced, and the fuel due to concentration of the load It is possible to suppress the occurrence of damage to the battery electrodes and the bias in the power generation distribution.
- Application Example 20 A fuel cell, A power generator layer including an electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed on one side of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode disposed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane; A fuel cell comprising: the separator according to application example 1 to application example 19 disposed with the power generation body layer interposed therebetween.
- a fuel cell comprising: a detection unit that detects an abnormality in the first fluid flow path by detecting that the pressure loss in the first fluid flow path is smaller than a predetermined threshold.
- Application Example 22 A power generator layer including an electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed on one side of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode disposed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane, and the power generator layer interposed therebetween
- a separator according to Application Example 3 arranged, and a method of manufacturing a fuel cell, A step of bringing a coolant into contact with the first surface side of the first groove of the separator; And a step of laminating the separator and the power generation layer after the contacting step.
- Application Example 23 A fuel cell, A plurality of power generation layers including an electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed on one side of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode disposed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane; The separator according to Application Example 1 disposed on the anode side of each of the power generation layers; And a flat plate-like second separator disposed on the cathode side of each power generation layer.
- the pressure loss of the first fluid flow path is determined only by the shape of one separator, it is possible to more easily suppress variations in the pressure loss of the first fluid flow path of each cell. it can. Further, in this fuel cell, since the contact area between the separators is not lost due to the positional deviation at the time of stacking, it is easy to ensure the contact area. In addition, since this fuel cell can suppress variations in surface pressure on the power generation layer, it can prevent the generation of gaps between the layers of the power generation layer, prevent water retention, and reduce concentration polarization. it can. Further, in this fuel cell, it is possible to facilitate the separator processing and reduce the cost.
- the separator is manufactured by pressing a plate-like member,
- the thickness of the second separator is a fuel cell, which is thinner than the thickness of the plate member used for manufacturing the separator.
- the thickness and weight of each cell of the fuel cell can be reduced while ensuring good press formability.
- Application Example 25 The fuel cell according to Application Example 23 or Application Example 24, and At least in a position with unevenness in the separator, a seal portion that seals between the separator and the second separator that faces the separator without the power generator layer interposed therebetween, and is attached to the separator And a seal part that realizes a seal by being pressed against the second separator.
- Application Example 26 The fuel cell according to Application Example 25, The fuel cell is manufactured by alternately stacking a first cell including an even number of the power generation layers and a second cell including an odd number of the power generation layers, The seal part is provided in the first cell and is not provided in the second cell before the fuel cell is stacked.
- a fuel cell is manufactured by alternately laminating the first cell provided with the seal portion and the second cell not provided with the seal portion while ensuring reliable sealing performance.
- the repairability of the fuel cell can be improved.
- a fuel cell A plurality of power generation layers including an electrolyte membrane, an anode disposed on one side of the electrolyte membrane, and a cathode disposed on the other side of the electrolyte membrane;
- the separator according to Application Example 1 disposed on the anode side of each of the power generation layers;
- a flat plate-like second separator disposed on the cathode side of each of the power generation layers;
- a first seal portion that seals between the separator and the second separator that faces the separator without the power generator layer interposed therebetween;
- a second seal portion that seals between the anode side and the cathode side at an end of the power generation layer,
- At least one of the separator and the power generation layer includes the second fluid passage space and the passage space on the opposite side of the second fluid passage space across the first seal.
- the tunnel flow path forming part is a fuel cell located on
- the seal portion does not enter the tunnel flow path and the tunnel flow path is not blocked, and the increase in the number of parts is suppressed, while ensuring both the seal and the flow path for the second fluid. Can be realized.
- the tunnel flow path forming portion includes a third groove portion having a concave shape on the second surface side formed in the separator,
- the third groove portion is a fuel cell having a depth smaller than that of the deep groove portion of the second groove portion.
- a seal portion for sealing between the separators can be disposed on the first surface side of the third groove portion.
- the tunnel flow path forming portion includes a thin portion in which a surface of the power generation layer facing the separator is a portion where the surface of the power generation layer is recessed from the surface of the other portion of the power generation layer.
- Application Example 30 The fuel cell according to any one of Application Example 27 to Application Example 29,
- the separator has a plurality of the tunnel flow path forming portions,
- the plurality of tunnel flow path forming portions extend so that the tunnel flow path forming portion located at the lowest position in the gravitational direction when the fuel cell is used extends to a position closest to the second fluid flow path space.
- a fuel cell is formed.
- the generated water is drawn into the tunnel channel located on the lowermost side in the gravitational direction and is prevented from being drawn into the other tunnel channel, so that the other tunnel channel is opened. Is maintained. Therefore, in this fuel cell, drainage of generated water can be promoted, and all tunnel flow paths can be prevented from being blocked.
- the present invention can be realized in various modes.
- a fuel cell separator a fuel cell including a fuel cell separator, a fuel cell manufacturing method, a fuel cell system including a fuel cell, and a fuel cell. It can be realized in the form of a moving body such as an automobile equipped with the system.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a planar configuration of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of a fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a corrugated portion WSP of an anode side separator 310.
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cross-sectional structure of the fuel cell 100 in 2nd Example.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell system 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 10 includes a fuel cell 100.
- an end plate 110, an insulating plate 120, a current collecting plate 130, a plurality of single cells 140, a current collecting plate 130, an insulating plate 120, and an end plate 110 are stacked in this order.
- the fuel cell 100 is supplied with hydrogen as a fuel gas from a hydrogen tank 50 storing high-pressure hydrogen through a shut valve 51, a regulator 52, and a pipe 53. Hydrogen is supplied to each single cell 140 via a fuel gas supply manifold, which will be described later, and is used for power generation in each single cell 140. Hydrogen (anode off gas) that has not been used in each single cell 140 is collected via a fuel gas discharge manifold, which will be described later, and discharged to the outside of the fuel cell 100 via a discharge pipe 54.
- the fuel cell system 10 may include a recirculation mechanism that recirculates the anode off gas to the supply-side piping 53.
- the fuel cell 100 is also supplied with air as an oxidant gas via an air pump 60 and a pipe 61.
- Air is supplied to each single cell 140 via an oxidant gas supply manifold, which will be described later, and is used for power generation in each single cell 140.
- Air (cathode off-gas) that has not been used in each single cell 140 is collected via an oxidant gas discharge manifold, which will be described later, and discharged to the outside of the fuel cell 100 via a pipe 63.
- Fuel gas and oxidant gas are also referred to as reaction gases.
- the cooling medium cooled by the radiator 70 is supplied to the fuel cell 100 through the water pump 71 and the pipe 72 in order to cool each unit cell 140 of the fuel cell 100.
- the cooling medium is guided to each single cell 140 via a cooling medium supply manifold described later, and cools each single cell 140.
- the cooling medium after cooling each single cell 140 is collected via a cooling medium discharge manifold, which will be described later, and circulates to the radiator 70 via a pipe 73.
- the cooling medium for example, water, antifreeze water such as ethylene glycol, air, or the like is used.
- a liquid cooling medium (cooling liquid) is used.
- the fuel cell system 10 also includes a control unit 80.
- the control unit 80 is a computer that includes a CPU, a memory, and the like (not shown).
- the control unit 80 receives signals from a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a voltmeter, and the like arranged in each unit of the fuel cell system 10 and controls the entire fuel cell system 10 based on the received signal.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a planar configuration of the fuel cell 100.
- 3 to 5 are explanatory views showing a cross-sectional configuration of the fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 3 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position A1-A1 in FIG. 2
- FIG. 4 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position B1-B1 in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position C1-C1 in FIG.
- a fuel gas supply manifold 162 that distributes hydrogen as fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell 100 to each single cell 140, and an oxidation supplied to the fuel cell 100
- An oxidant gas supply manifold 152 that distributes air as an agent gas to each unit cell 140
- a fuel gas discharge manifold 164 that collects fuel gas that has not been used in each unit cell 140, and discharges the fuel gas to the outside of the fuel cell 100
- An oxidant gas discharge manifold 154 that collects oxidant gas that has not been used in each unit cell 140 and discharges the oxidant gas to the outside of the fuel cell 100
- a coolant that distributes the coolant supplied to the fuel cell 100 to each unit cell 140.
- Each manifold 174 is a flow channel having a shape extending in a direction substantially parallel to the stacking direction of the fuel cells 100 (that is, a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface direction of the single cell 140).
- the planar shape of the unit cell 140 is substantially rectangular, and each manifold is disposed in the vicinity of the outer edge in the plane of the unit cell 140.
- the positions of the fuel gas supply manifold 162 and the coolant supply manifold 172 are positions adjacent to one short side of the outer edges of the unit cell 140, and the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 and the coolant discharge manifold
- the position 174 is a position adjacent to the other short side of the outer edges of the unit cell 140.
- the positional relationship between the fuel gas supply manifold 162 and the coolant supply manifold 172 along the short side direction of the outer edge of the unit cell 140 is opposite to the positional relationship between the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 and the coolant discharge manifold 174. It has become.
- the position of the oxidant gas supply manifold 152 is a position adjacent to the entire long side (the long side far from the fuel gas supply manifold 162) of the outer edges of the unit cell 140, and the oxidant gas.
- the position of the discharge manifold 154 is a position adjacent to the entirety of the other long side (the long side closer to the fuel gas supply manifold 162) of the outer edges of the single cell 140.
- the direction in which the single cells 140 are stacked in the fuel cell 100 is referred to as “stacking direction”, and the direction parallel to the main surface of the single cells 140 (ie, the direction substantially perpendicular to the stacking direction) is “ It shall be called “surface direction”.
- surface direction a direction parallel to the long side of the single cell 140 is referred to as an X direction, and a direction parallel to the short side of the single cell 140 (a direction substantially perpendicular to the X direction) is referred to as a Y direction.
- the unit cell 140 of the fuel cell 100 includes a membrane electrode assembly in which an anode (anode electrode layer) 214 and a cathode (cathode electrode layer) 215 are disposed on each surface of the electrolyte membrane 212 (see FIG.
- the power generator layer 200 including the (MEA) 210 is sandwiched between a pair of separators (cathode side separator 320 and anode side separator 310).
- the membrane electrode assembly 210 further includes an anode side diffusion layer 216 disposed outside the anode 214 and a cathode side diffusion layer 217 disposed outside the cathode 215.
- the power generation body layer 200 further includes a cathode-side porous flow path layer 230 disposed outside the cathode-side diffusion layer 217 of the membrane electrode assembly 210.
- the electrolyte membrane 212 is a solid polymer membrane formed of a fluorine resin material or a hydrocarbon resin material, and has good proton conductivity in a wet state.
- the cathode 215 and the anode 214 include, for example, platinum as a catalyst or an alloy made of platinum and another metal.
- the cathode side diffusion layer 217 and the anode side diffusion layer 216 are formed of, for example, carbon cloth woven with carbon fiber yarns, carbon paper, or carbon felt.
- the cathode-side porous channel layer 230 is formed of a porous material having gas diffusibility and conductivity, such as a metal porous material (for example, expanded metal) or a carbon porous material.
- the cathode-side porous channel layer 230 Since the cathode-side porous channel layer 230 has a higher porosity than the cathode-side diffusion layer 217, the cathode-side porous channel layer 230 has a low gas flow resistance inside and functions as an oxidant gas channel through which the oxidant gas flows.
- the cathode side separator 320 and the anode side separator 310 are manufactured by processing a metal plate. Specifically, the cathode-side separator 320 is manufactured by subjecting a metal plate to a perforating process for forming openings and the like constituting each manifold. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the cathode separator 320 has a flat plate shape. On the other hand, the anode-side separator 310 is manufactured by subjecting a metal plate to a punching process for forming openings and the like constituting each manifold, and a pressing process for bending the metal plate to provide a corrugated cross-sectional portion. As shown in FIGS.
- the anode side separator 310 has a corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross-sectional shape.
- FIG. 2 the position of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode separator 310 in the plane of the single cell 140 is shown by hatching.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310.
- the upper side is the side facing the cathode separator 320 of another adjacent unit cell 140, and the lower side is the side facing the power generation body layer 200.
- the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310 is a first groove portion 316 that is concave on the surface side facing the cathode side separator 320 (hereinafter referred to as “first surface side”).
- a second groove portion 315 that is concave on the surface side facing the power generation body layer 200 has a corrugated cross-sectional shape that is alternately arranged along the X direction. is doing.
- the planar shape of each first groove 316 and each second groove 315 is a shape extending along the Y direction.
- the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310 is disposed on the first surface side of the first groove portion 316 (the surface side facing the cathode-side separator 320).
- a space CS is formed.
- the coolant channel space CS is a space surrounded by the first groove portion 316 of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310 and the surface of the cathode side separator 320.
- the corrugated portion WSP of the anode separator 310 forms a flow path space AS for fuel gas on the second surface side of the second groove portion 315 (surface side facing the power generation body layer 200).
- the fuel gas passage space AS is a space surrounded by the second groove portion 315 of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310 and the surface of the power generation layer 200. Since the first groove 316 and the second groove 315 have a shape extending along the Y direction, the coolant channel space CS and the fuel gas channel space AS are also spaces extending along the Y direction.
- each second groove portion 315 of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310 has a shallow groove portion 314.
- the shallow groove portion 314 has a depth d2 viewed from the second surface side (surface side facing the power generation body layer 200) shallower than the depth d1 of another portion (hereinafter referred to as “deep groove portion 313”). It is.
- the depth of the second groove portion 315 refers to the position of the outermost portion on the second surface side of the anode separator 310 (that is, the portion in contact with the power generation layer 200).
- the depth of the fuel gas channel space AS formed on the second surface side of the second groove portion 315 is deep at the position of the deep groove portion 313 and shallow at the position of the shallow groove portion 314.
- the anode side separator 310 contacts the surface of the cathode side separator 320 at each deep groove portion 313 and does not contact at the shallow groove portion 314 position.
- the two coolant flows adjacent to each other between the surface of the cathode-side separator 320 and the surface of the cathode-side separator 320 on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310.
- a communication channel CP that communicates with the path space CS is formed.
- a plurality of shallow groove portions 314 are formed in each second groove portion 315.
- the shallow groove part 314 of each 2nd groove part 315 is formed in the position along with the shallow groove part 314 of the other 2nd groove part 315 adjacent along the X direction.
- each first groove 316 of the anode-side separator 310 has a constant depth as viewed from the first surface side (the surface side facing the cathode-side separator 320).
- the depth of the first groove 316 refers to the position of the first groove 316 from the position of the outermost part on the first surface side of the corrugated part WSP of the anode side separator 310 (that is, the part in contact with the cathode side separator 320).
- the depth of the coolant channel space CS formed on the first surface side of the first groove 316 is constant.
- the anode separator 310 is in contact with the surface of the power generation layer 200 at the position of the entire surface of each first groove 316.
- the anode-side separator 310 has a fourth groove 312 having a concave shape on the first surface side at positions adjacent to both ends along the Y direction of the corrugated portion WSP.
- the fourth groove portion 312 is formed continuously in the X direction so as to be adjacent over the entire corrugated portion WSP.
- the depth of the fourth groove 312 is the same as the depth of the deep groove 313 of the second groove 315. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 in which the plurality of single cells 140 are stacked, the anode side separator 310 is in contact with the surface of the cathode side separator 320 even at the position of the fourth groove 312.
- the fourth groove portion 312 has a fuel gas common rail ACR, which is a continuous flow path space for allowing fuel gas to flow along the X direction on the second surface side (surface side facing the power generation body layer 200).
- ACR is a continuous flow path space for allowing fuel gas to flow along the X direction on the second surface side (surface side facing the power generation body layer 200).
- FIG. 2 the position of the fuel gas common rail ACR in the plane of the unit cell 140 is shown by hatching.
- the fuel gas common rail ACR communicates with the fuel gas channel space AS formed by each second groove 315 in the corrugated portion WSP.
- a seal portion (gasket) 420 for preventing a cross leak between the cathode side and the anode side is arranged on the outer edge portion of the power generation layer 200 of the single cell 140.
- the seal portion 420 is formed by injection molding using a seal material such as silicon rubber, butyl rubber, or fluorine rubber, for example.
- the anode-side separator 310 includes a seal portion 430 (FIG. 3) for forming a seal line SL surrounding the oxidant gas supply manifold 152 and the oxidant gas discharge manifold 154. A region where the coolant flows between the seal portion 450 (FIG.
- Each seal portion has a lip portion (432, 442, 452) having a convex cross-sectional shape, and when each single cell 140 is stacked, each lip portion is compressed by the cathode-side separator 320 facing each other.
- the seal line SL is formed by being deformed and closely contacting the surface of the cathode side separator 320.
- a concave shape is formed on the second surface side (surface side facing the power generation body layer 200).
- the third groove portion 317 is formed.
- the depth of the third groove 317 is shallower than the deep groove 313 of the fourth groove 312 or the second groove 315.
- the depth of the third groove 317 is the first surface of the third groove 317 from the position of the outermost part on the second surface side of the anode-side separator 310 (that is, the part in contact with the power generator layer 200).
- the third groove 317 has one end continuous with the fourth groove 312 that forms the fuel gas common rail ACR, and an opening 318 formed at the other end.
- the third groove portion 317 configured in this way passes under the seal line SL (the power generation body layer 200 side) by the seal portions 440 and 450 and communicates with the fuel gas flow path space AS, and the fuel gas common rail ACR. And a fuel gas supply manifold 162 and a tunnel passage TR that communicates between the fuel gas common rail ACR and the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 are formed.
- the entire third groove portion 317 for forming the tunnel channel TR is located on the inner side in the plane direction with respect to the seal portion 420 arranged at the outer edge portion of the power generation body layer 200. Therefore, the tunnel channel TR does not face the seal part 420 throughout, but faces the anode side diffusion layer 216 of the power generation body layer 200.
- a plurality of tunnel channels TR extending in the X direction are formed side by side along the Y direction by the third groove portion 317.
- the hydrogen as the fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas supply manifold 162 passes through the upstream side (supply side) tunnel channel TR from the opening 318, and the upstream side fuel gas.
- the fuel gas common rail ACR is guided along the X direction and diffuses along the X direction, and enters the fuel gas channel space AS communicating with the fuel gas common rail ACR. It flows in the Y direction.
- hydrogen is used for power generation in the membrane electrode assembly 210.
- Hydrogen that has not been used for power generation enters the fuel gas common rail ACR from the fuel gas channel space AS and flows in the fuel gas common rail ACR, and flows in the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- TR is reached and discharged from the opening 318 of the tunnel flow path TR to the fuel gas discharge manifold 164.
- the air as the oxidant gas supplied to the oxidant gas supply manifold 152 is upstream (supply) provided at a position facing the power generation body layer 200 of the cathode side separator 320.
- Side) opening 322 enters the inside of the cathode-side porous channel layer 230 and flows while diffusing in the cathode-side porous channel layer 230.
- the air is used for power generation in the membrane electrode assembly 210.
- Air that has not been used for power generation is discharged to the oxidant gas discharge manifold 154 through a downstream (discharge side) opening 322 provided at a position facing the power generation body layer 200 of the cathode separator 320.
- the cooling liquid supplied to the cooling liquid supply manifold 172 is formed on the first surface side of the anode side separator 310 (the surface side facing the cathode side separator 320).
- the single cell 140 is cooled while flowing vertically and horizontally through the liquid flow path space CS and the communication flow path CP (FIGS. 3, 4 and 6), and discharged to the cooling liquid discharge manifold 174.
- the anode-side separator 310 includes the first groove portion 316 having a concave shape on the first surface side and the second groove portion 315 having a concave shape on the second surface side.
- a corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross-sectional shape arranged alternately and repeatedly is formed, a coolant channel space CS is formed on the first surface side of the first groove portion 316, and the second groove portion 315 has a second groove portion 315.
- a fuel gas passage space AS is formed on the surface side.
- Each of the second groove portions 315 has a shallow groove portion 314 whose depth viewed from the second surface side is shallower than the other portion (deep groove portion 313), and therefore, on the first surface side at the position of the shallow groove portion 314. Then, a communication channel CP is formed which communicates the two adjacent coolant channel spaces CS with the shallow groove portion 314 interposed therebetween. Therefore, in this embodiment, the coolant channel space CS and the fuel gas channel space AS can be formed by only one component, the anode side separator 310, and the coolant channel space CS and the communication flow can be formed.
- the flow direction of the coolant can be freely set without being limited to the direction parallel to the flow direction of the fuel gas, so the fluid path can be set flexibly while suppressing an increase in the number of parts. can do.
- the degree of freedom of arrangement of each manifold can be improved, the degree of freedom of thermal design in the single cell 140 can be improved, and the weight of the fuel cell 100 can be reduced. , Miniaturization, and cost reduction can be realized.
- the anode side separator 310 has a corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross section, but the cathode side separator 320 has a flat plate shape. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment, the cathode-side separator 320 has the following advantages as compared with the case where the cathode-side separator 320 also has a corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross section. That is, in the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment, the pressure loss of the coolant flow path is determined only by the shape of the anode separator 310, and therefore the variation in the pressure loss of the coolant flow path of each single cell 140 is further increased. It can be easily suppressed.
- the contact area between the separators is not lost due to the displacement in the stacking, so that the contact area can be easily ensured.
- variation in the surface pressure on the membrane electrode assembly 210 can be suppressed, so that generation of a gap between the diffusion layer and the catalyst layer is prevented and water is prevented from staying.
- concentration polarization can be reduced.
- the thickness of the metal plate used for manufacturing the cathode side separator 320 is thinner than the thickness of the metal plate used for manufacturing the anode side separator 310. Since the anode separator 310 is manufactured by pressing, the limit of thinning is determined by the press formability, and the thickness of the metal plate to be used cannot be reduced to the limit of strength. On the other hand, since the cathode-side separator 320 has a flat plate shape, a thinner metal plate can be used.
- the single cell 140 is secured while ensuring good press formability. Can be reduced in thickness and weight.
- the entire third groove portion 317 for forming the tunnel channel TR is located on the inner side along the surface direction with respect to the seal portion 420 disposed at the outer edge portion of the power generation layer 200. Therefore, the seal part 420 does not enter the tunnel channel TR and the tunnel channel TR is not blocked, and the increase in the number of parts is suppressed, and both the seal and the reaction gas channel are ensured. can do.
- the depth of the third groove 317 for forming the tunnel channel TR is shallower than the deep groove 313 of the second groove 315, and thus the cathode-side separator 320 of the third groove 317.
- a seal portion 440 between the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320 can be disposed to surround the region in which the coolant flows.
- the fuel gas flow direction and the oxidant gas flow direction are opposite to each other in the region facing the corrugated portion WSP of each single cell 140.
- water water vapor generated by an electrochemical reaction on the cathode side flows from the downstream region along the oxidant gas flow direction on the cathode side to the fuel gas flow direction on the anode side. Further, the water vapor moves to the anode side by the flow of the fuel gas, and further, the drying of the fuel cell 100 as a whole can be suppressed, and the decrease in the power generation performance can be suppressed.
- the oxidant gas flow path is formed by the cathode-side porous flow path layer 230 having a larger pressure loss than the fuel gas flow path space AS formed by the second groove portion 315.
- the oxidant gas flow direction is the direction along the short side direction of the single cell 140, good gas distribution along the surface direction of the single cell 140 can be realized.
- each single cell 140 of the fuel cell 100 of the present embodiment is manufactured (including reassembly after disassembly), before the anode side separator 310 and the power generation layer 200 are stacked, for example, a syringe or a syringe is used.
- a syringe or a syringe is used.
- Lamination is performed such that the injected coolant does not flow down.
- the manufactured fuel cell 100 it is possible to suppress the accumulation of air in the space on the first surface side of the first groove portion 316, to suppress the destabilization of the coolant temperature and the flow rate due to the air accumulation, and the fuel cell It is suppressed that the temperature distribution of 100 becomes non-uniform so that dry-up or flooding is locally generated or the durability of the electrolyte membrane 212 is lowered.
- stacking should just be a process of making a cooling liquid contact the 1st surface side of the 1st groove part 316, and is the process of immersing the anode side separator 310 whole in the cooling liquid put into the container. There may be.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the fuel cell 100 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position B1-B1 in FIG.
- the fuel cell 100 of the seventh embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment (see FIG. 4) in the configuration of the tunnel flow path TR, and the other points are different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- the tunnel flow path TR is a flow path that passes under the seal line SL (the power generator layer 200 side) by the seal portions 440 and 450.
- the tunnel passage TR of the second embodiment communicates between the fuel gas supply manifold 162 and the fuel gas common rail ACR and between the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 and the fuel gas common rail ACR. This is a flow path.
- the tunnel channel TR is formed by providing the anode-side separator 310 with the third groove 317.
- the anode-side diffusion layer 216 has a thin surface in which the surface facing the anode-side separator 310 recedes from the surface of the other part.
- the thin portion TP extends along the X direction from a position facing the fuel gas common rail ACR to a position outside the seal portions 440 and 450 (side closer to the fuel gas supply manifold 162) through the bottom of the seal portions 440 and 450. It is formed continuously and communicates with an opening 318 formed in the anode separator 310 at an outer position. Note that a plurality of tunnel channels TR are formed side by side along the Y direction, as in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the fuel gas common rail ACR diffuses in the fuel gas common rail ACR along the X direction, and enters the fuel gas passage space AS communicated with the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- the fuel gas passage space AS flows along the Y direction.
- hydrogen is used for power generation in the membrane electrode assembly 210.
- Hydrogen that has not been used for power generation enters the fuel gas common rail ACR from the fuel gas channel space AS and flows in the fuel gas common rail ACR, and flows in the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- TR is reached and discharged from the opening 318 of the tunnel flow path TR to the fuel gas discharge manifold 164.
- the tunnel channel TR is formed by providing the anode-side diffusion layer 216 with the thin portion TP. Therefore, even in the position where the tunnel channel TR is formed. Since there is no need to provide a convex portion on the first surface side of the anode side separator 310 (the surface side facing the cathode side separator 320), the height of the seal portions 440 and 450 at the position of the tunnel channel TR is reduced. Can be suppressed, and good sealing properties can be secured. Further, in the fuel cell 100 of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the seal portion 420 does not enter the tunnel channel TR and the tunnel channel TR is not blocked, and the increase in the number of parts is suppressed. At the same time, it is possible to realize both the seal and the securing of the reaction gas flow path.
- the anode-side separator 310 is provided with a third groove 317, and the anode-side diffusion layer 216 facing the third groove 317 is provided with a thin portion TP.
- the tunnel channel TR may be formed. In this way, the tunnel flow path TR is suppressed while suppressing both the depth of the third groove 317 and the thickness reduction amount in the thin part TP of the anode-side diffusion layer 216 (that is, the difference between the thickness of other parts).
- the height of the anode-side diffusion layer 216 can be ensured, the increase in the overall thickness of the anode-side diffusion layer 216 and the suppression of the decrease in the strength and the suppression of the decrease in the height of the seal portions 440 and 450 can be achieved. .
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in the vicinity of the tunnel flow path TR in the fuel cell 100 of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 shows the tunnel channel TR and the plane of the fuel gas common rail ACR communicating with the tunnel channel TR and a cross section at the positions of A2-A2 and B2-B2 on the plane.
- the fuel cell 100 of the third embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the tunnel flow path TR, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- Tunnel channel TR passes under seal line SL (power generation body layer 200 side) by seal portions 440 and 450, and between fuel gas supply manifold 162 and fuel gas common rail ACR and between fuel gas discharge manifold 164 and fuel gas. This is a flow path communicating with the common rail ACR.
- the three tunnel channels TR are arranged in the Y direction by the three third grooves 317. Is formed.
- the fuel cell 100 of the third embodiment is arranged and used so that the third groove 317 shown at the bottom of the three third grooves 317 shown in FIG.
- the third groove 317 shown at the bottom in FIG. 8 is formed so as to extend to a position closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR communicating with the fuel gas passage space AS (right side in FIG. 8). Has been.
- the generated water generated by power generation enters the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- the generated water that has entered the fuel gas common rail ACR moves along the fuel gas flow.
- the produced water moves to the boundary with the tunnel flow path TR in the fuel gas common rail ACR, and is brought into the tunnel flow path TR by capillary action when it contacts the tunnel flow path TR.
- the tunnel channel TR formed by the third groove portion 317 located on the lowermost side in the gravity direction extends to a position closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR, the generated water is located on the lowermost side in the gravity direction. It is drawn into the tunnel channel TR located at.
- the generated water is suppressed from being drawn into the other tunnel channel TR, the other tunnel channel TR is not blocked by the generated water and is kept open.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in the vicinity of the tunnel flow path TR in a modification of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 9 schematically shows the positional relationship near the boundary between the fuel gas common rail ACR and the tunnel flow path TR.
- the upper direction in FIG. 9 is the upper side in the direction of gravity
- the lower direction in FIG. 9 is the lower side in the direction of gravity.
- the length of only the tunnel channel TR positioned at the lowermost side in the gravitational direction is set to be longer than the length of the other tunnel channel TR, whereby the tunnel positioned at the lowermost side in the gravitational direction.
- the flow path TR may be extended to a position closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR. Alternatively, as shown in FIG.
- the lengths of all the tunnel channels TR are substantially the same, but the tunnel channels positioned at the lowest position in the gravitational direction are shifted by shifting the arrangement along the X direction.
- TR may be extended to a position closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- FIG. 9 (c) by increasing the length of each tunnel channel TR toward the tunnel channel TR located on the lower side in the gravitational direction, the tunnel channel TR located on the lowermost side in the gravitational direction. May be extended to a position closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- the fuel gas in each tunnel channel TR is used.
- a configuration may be adopted in which the position of the boundary with the common rail ACR is substantially the same.
- FIG. 8 the case where the tunnel channel TR is formed by providing the third groove portion 317 in the anode side separator 310 has been described. However, as in the second embodiment (FIG. 7), the anode side diffusion layer 216 is formed.
- the tunnel channel TR is formed by providing the thin part TP
- the tunnel channel TR formed by the thin part TP located on the lowermost side in the gravitational direction is positioned closest to the fuel gas common rail ACR. It is possible to prevent all the tunnel channels TR from being blocked by extending to the maximum.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a planar configuration of the fuel cell 100 according to the fourth embodiment.
- 11 and 12 are explanatory views showing a cross-sectional configuration of the fuel cell 100 in the fourth embodiment.
- 11 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position A1-A1 in FIG. 10
- FIG. 12 shows a partial cross section of the fuel cell 100 at the position B1-B1 in FIG.
- the fuel cell 100 of the fourth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in terms of the relationship between the tunnel flow path TR and the fuel gas common rail ACR, and the other points are the fuel cells of the first embodiment. 100.
- the seal portion 440 for forming the seal line SL surrounding the region in which the coolant flows is provided inside rather than outside the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- the inside of the fuel gas common rail ACR means the downstream side of the fuel gas common rail ACR with respect to the supply side (upstream side) fuel gas common rail ACR, and the exhaust side (downstream side) fuel gas common rail ACR.
- ACR it means the upstream side of the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- a seal portion 460 surrounding the fuel gas supply manifold 162 and the supply side fuel gas common rail ACR, and a seal portion 460 surrounding the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 and the discharge side fuel gas common rail ACR are arranged.
- a third groove 317 is provided between each fuel gas common rail ACR and the corrugated portion WSP, so that the power generator is under the seal line SL by the seal portions 450 and 460.
- a tunnel flow path TR is formed to communicate between the fuel gas common rail ACR and the fuel gas flow path space AS through the layer 200 side.
- the tunnel channel TR is formed at a plurality of positions along the extending direction of the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- hydrogen as fuel gas supplied to the fuel gas supply manifold 162 is guided into the fuel gas common rail ACR on the supply side (upstream side), and the fuel gas common rail ACR Is diffused along the X direction, enters the fuel gas channel space AS through the tunnel channel TR, and flows in the fuel gas channel space AS along the Y direction. At this time, hydrogen is used for power generation in the membrane electrode assembly 210. Hydrogen that has not been used for power generation enters the fuel gas common rail ACR from the fuel gas passage space AS through the tunnel passage TR and flows into the fuel gas common rail ACR. To the fuel gas discharge manifold 164.
- the seal portion 440 for forming the seal line SL surrounding the region in which the coolant flows is disposed inside the fuel gas common rail ACR, and the tunnel Since the flow channel TR is also formed inside the fuel gas common rail ACR, the flow channel TR is compared with the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in which the tunnel flow channel TR is formed outside the fuel gas common rail ACR. Pressure loss can be reduced.
- another common rail may be provided further inside the tunnel channel TR formed inside the fuel gas common rail ACR. In this way, the fuel gas distribution can be further improved.
- another tunnel channel TR may be provided inside the fuel gas common rail ACR, as in the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 13 shows a cross section along the X direction passing through the position of the shallow groove portion 314 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) of the anode-side separator 310.
- FIG. 13 shows a communication channel CP formed between the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320, and a coolant formed between the first groove portion 316 and the cathode side separator 320.
- the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the uneven cooling liquid flow path constituted by the flow path space CS is indicated by an arrow.
- the left side of the figure is the upstream side
- the right side of the figure is the downstream side.
- the fuel cell 100 of the fifth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the shape of the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode side separator 310, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment. It is.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is such that the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is larger than the curvature radius Rb on the upstream side. .
- the anode separator 310 having such a shallow groove portion 314 having a cross-sectional shape can be manufactured by pressing a metal plate.
- the anode-side separator 310 may be manufactured by cutting out a metal plate or a resin carbon plate or etching the metal plate.
- the anode separator 310 may be manufactured by resin carbon injection molding.
- the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP is transferred to the cathode separator 320 in the downstream coolant channel space CS. Instead of passing straight through the portion on the near side (the upper portion in the figure), it flows into the portion near the power generator layer 200 (the anode side diffusion layer 216) (the lower portion in the figure). Is promoted. However, if the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is simply increased, the cross-sectional area of the fuel gas channel space AS formed on the power generator layer 200 side of the shallow groove portion 314 is reduced.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is made such that the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is larger than the curvature radius Rb on the upstream side. It is possible to suppress the stagnation of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel space CS and suppress the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100 from being lowered while suppressing the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the flow channel space AS.
- the downstream curvature radius Ra is preferably larger than 0.5
- the upstream curvature radius Rb is preferably smaller than 0.1.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to a modification of the fifth embodiment.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is such that the drawing angle ⁇ B on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is larger than the drawing angle ⁇ A on the upstream side. It has become.
- the drawing angle is an angle formed between the center line of the wall of the shallow groove portion 314 that forms the boundary between the communication channel CP and the coolant channel space CS and the vertical direction.
- the downstream drawing angle ⁇ B of the cooling fluid flow in the communication channel CP is made larger than the upstream drawing angle ⁇ A in this way, similarly, the cooling fluid that has passed through the communication channel CP becomes the downstream cooling fluid channel.
- the downstream draft angle ⁇ B is preferably larger than 45 degrees
- the upstream draft angle ⁇ A is preferably smaller than 30 degrees.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 shows a cross section along the X direction passing through the position of the shallow groove portion 314 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) of the anode-side separator 310.
- FIG. 15 shows a communication channel CP formed between the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320, and a coolant formed between the first groove portion 316 and the cathode side separator 320.
- the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the uneven cooling liquid flow path constituted by the flow path space CS is indicated by an arrow.
- the left side of the figure is the upstream side
- the right side of the figure is the downstream side.
- the fuel cell 100 of the sixth embodiment differs from the fuel cell 100 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 13 in the shape of the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode side separator 310, and the other points are the same as those of the fifth embodiment. Similar to the fuel cell 100.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is such that the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is smaller than the curvature radius Rb on the upstream side. .
- the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is reduced in this way, the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP passes through the power generator layer 200 ( In the anode side diffusion layer 216) is suppressed from flowing into the portion (the lower portion in the figure), and the flow of the coolant is rectified.
- the coolant flows into the portion of the coolant flow path space CS closer to the power generator layer 200 the flow of the coolant becomes turbulent, increasing the pressure loss of the flow path, and the load of the water pump 71 is reduced. Increases fuel consumption.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is formed such that the curvature radius Ra on the downstream side of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is smaller than the curvature radius Rb on the upstream side. It is possible to suppress the inflow of the cooling liquid into the portion of the flow path space CS closer to the power generation body layer 200 and rectify the flow of the cooling liquid to suppress an increase in the pressure loss of the flow path.
- the downstream radius of curvature Ra is preferably smaller than 0.1
- the upstream radius of curvature Rb is preferably larger than 0.5.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross-sectional configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in a modification of the sixth embodiment.
- the cross-sectional shape of the shallow groove portion 314 is such that the downstream draft angle ⁇ B of the coolant flow in the communication channel CP is smaller than the upstream draft angle ⁇ A. It has become.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the seventh embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 of the seventh embodiment is the fuel cell of the first embodiment in that a predetermined surface treatment is applied to the first surface of the anode side separator 310 (the surface on the side facing the cathode side separator 320).
- the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- the anode separator 310 when the anode separator 310 is manufactured, honing is performed on the entire first surface of the corrugated portion WSP as a hydrophilic treatment, and immersion plating is further performed on the entire first surface. After the plating process, the anode separator 310 is dried with the first surface facing up, whereby the plating solution flows into the first groove 316 and the plating layer becomes thick. Next, a water repellent such as Teflon (Teflon is a registered trademark) resin is sprayed on the region S1 of the first groove 316 adjacent to the shallow groove 314 to increase the water repellency in the region S1.
- Teflon Teflon is a registered trademark
- the anode-side separator 310 manufactured in this way has high corrosion resistance and water repellency in the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the first groove portion 316 on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP.
- the surface region S2 has high hydrophilicity.
- the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the first groove portion 316 is a place where the eluate from the components of the fuel cell system 10 tends to accumulate, but in the anode side separator 310 of the seventh embodiment, the region S1 has a high corrosion resistance. Therefore, corrosion of the anode side separator 310 can be suppressed. Further, the communication channel CP formed by the shallow groove portion 314 is relatively low in height and easily increases in pressure loss. However, in the anode-side separator 310 of the seventh embodiment, the surface region S2 of the shallow groove portion 314 is highly hydrophilic. Therefore, an increase in pressure loss can be suppressed by reducing the pipe friction coefficient.
- the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the first groove portion 316 is a portion where the coolant is easily accumulated, and the coolant accumulated when the single cell 140 is disassembled due to repair or the like spills out, thereby reducing workability.
- the region S1 has high water repellency, so that the cooling liquid runs out and the cooling liquid is less likely to accumulate, and the workability at the time of decomposition is improved. The decrease can be suppressed.
- the same effect as that of the seventh embodiment described above can be obtained. That is, when the anode-side separator 310 is manufactured, the first surface of the corrugated portion WSP is subjected to a carbon coating as a corrosion-resistant treatment, and further, the entire first surface is subjected to UV treatment to make the surface hydrophilic. Resin coating is performed on the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the groove portion 316 to improve water repellency.
- the anode-side separator 310 manufactured in this way also has high corrosion resistance and water repellency in the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the first groove portion 316 on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP.
- the surface region S2 has high hydrophilicity.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the eighth embodiment.
- FIG. 18A shows a partial planar configuration of the first surface side of the anode-side separator 310 (the surface side facing the cathode-side separator 320), and FIG. The cross-sectional configuration at the position A3-A3 in (a) is shown.
- FIG. 18C shows a perspective view of the vicinity of the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314.
- the fuel cell 100 of the eighth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in that a wall body 352 and a floor body 354 are formed on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310.
- the other points are the same as those of the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment. More specifically, in the anode side separator 310 of the eighth embodiment, on the downstream side in the coolant flow direction in the communication channel CP of the deep groove portion 313, on the extension of the boundary wall BW between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314.
- a wall body 352 is formed.
- the wall body 352 is manufactured as a separate part using the same material (metal in this embodiment) as that of the anode-side separator 310 and is bonded to the surface of the first groove 316 of the anode-side separator 310.
- the shape of the wall body 352 has a triangular prism shape in order to ensure a sufficient adhesion area.
- a floor body 354 located on the extension of the floor surface BP of the shallow groove portion 314 is formed on the downstream side of the shallow groove portion 314.
- the floor body 354 is manufactured as a separate part using the same material (metal in this embodiment) as the anode-side separator 310, and is bonded to the downstream side wall surface of the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode-side separator 310.
- the shape of the floor body 354 has a triangular prism shape in order to ensure a sufficient adhesion area. It is desirable that the downstream end of the floor body 354 is located downstream from the downstream end of the shallow groove portion 314. That is, in FIG. 18B, the distance L1 is preferably larger than the distance L0.
- the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP is used for the coolant on the downstream side.
- the flow path space CS the flow around the downstream side of the deep groove 313 is suppressed, and the flow space CS is suppressed from flowing into the portion near the power generator layer 200 (the anode diffusion layer 216).
- the flow of the coolant is rectified. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 of the eighth embodiment, it is suppressed that the coolant flow becomes turbulent and the pressure loss of the flow path increases, the load of the water pump 71 increases and the fuel consumption deteriorates.
- the shape of the wall body 352 is not limited to the triangular prism shape as long as it has a wall located on the extension of the boundary wall BW, and the material of the wall body 352 is not limited to metal.
- the shape of the floor body 354 is not limited to the triangular prism shape as long as it has a floor located on the extension of the floor surface BP, and the material of the floor body 354 is not limited to metal.
- the wall body 352 and the floor body 354 may be formed integrally with the anode side separator 310 when the anode side separator 310 is pressed.
- FIG. 18D shows a configuration in which the floor body 354 is formed integrally with the anode side separator 310 when the anode side separator 310 is pressed. In this way, processing effort can be reduced.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the ninth embodiment.
- FIG. 19A shows a partial planar configuration of the first surface side of the anode-side separator 310 (the surface side facing the cathode-side separator 320), and
- FIG. 19C shows a cross-sectional configuration at the position A4-A4 in FIG. 19A, and
- FIG. 19C shows a cross-sectional configuration at the position B4-B4 in FIG.
- the fuel cell 100 according to the ninth embodiment differs from the fuel cell 100 according to the first embodiment in that a spacer 362 is disposed on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310. Is the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment. Specifically, in the anode side separator 310 of the ninth embodiment, a spacer 362 that fills the space is disposed at a position adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 in the first groove portion 316.
- the spacer 362 is preferably formed of a conductive material (for example, metal or carbon), but can also be formed of a non-conductive material (for example, resin).
- the spacer 362 may be formed so as to block all of the coolant channel space CS formed on the first surface side of the first groove 316, or the cathode side separator 320 of the coolant channel space CS. It may be formed so as to close a part of the side close to the power generation body layer 200 so that the side close to is open.
- the spacer 362 is disposed in the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310, the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP is in the downstream coolant channel space CS.
- the flow around the downstream side of the deep groove portion 313 is suppressed and the flow of the coolant is rectified, and the coolant is suppressed from staying in the downstream region of the deep groove portion 313. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 of the ninth embodiment, the flow of the coolant becomes turbulent, the pressure loss of the flow path is increased, the load on the water pump 71 is increased, and fuel consumption is prevented from deteriorating. Corrosion of the anode separator 310 due to the retention of the coolant is suppressed.
- the spacer 362 may be formed integrally with the anode side separator 310 when the anode side separator 310 is pressed.
- the cathode-side separator 320 facing the anode-side separator 310 is pressed, and the protrusion formed on the surface of the cathode-side separator 320 when the fuel cell 100 is stacked is replaced with the first groove 316 of the anode-side separator 310. It is also possible to enter the position adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 and to function as the spacer 362.
- FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the tenth embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 of the tenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the second groove 315 of the anode side separator 310, and the other points are the same. It is the same.
- each second groove portion 315 of the anode separator 310 has a plurality of shallow groove portions 314, and each shallow groove portion 314 is adjacent to each other.
- the other second groove portion 315 is formed at a position aligned with the shallow groove portion 314.
- each second groove portion 315 has a plurality of shallow groove portions 314 including a normal shallow groove portion 314a and a middle shallow groove portion 314b deeper than the normal shallow groove portion 314a. This is different from the first embodiment.
- the depth of the middle shallow groove portion 314b is intermediate between the depth of the normal shallow groove portion 314a and the depth of the deep groove portion 313.
- the cross-sectional area of the communication channel CP formed at the position of the middle shallow groove portion 314b is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the communication channel CP formed at the position of the normal shallow groove portion 314a.
- the depth of the second groove portion 315 (the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314) is determined from the outermost position on the second surface side of the anode-side separator 310 by the second groove portion 315. The distance along the stacking direction to the outermost position on the surface side of 1 is meant.
- the communication channel CP is present at the position of the middle shallow groove portion 314b even though the cross-sectional area is small, an excessive turbulent flow is suppressed, and the turbulent flow causes a pressure loss of the channel.
- the increase of the load of the water pump 71 and the deterioration of fuel consumption are suppressed. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 according to the tenth embodiment, the cooling of the fuel cell 100 is suppressed by suppressing the stagnation of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid channel space CS while suppressing the excessive turbulent flow of the cooling liquid. A decrease in performance can be suppressed.
- normal shallow groove portions 314a and middle shallow groove portions 314b are alternately arranged in each second groove portion 315.
- the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100 can be improved.
- a large number of middle shallow groove portions 314b may be arranged in a region close to the inlet of the oxidant gas (that is, a region close to the oxidant gas supply manifold 152).
- the arrangement pattern of the normal shallow groove portion 314a and the middle shallow groove portion 314b in each second groove portion 315 can be arbitrarily set. For example, two normal shallow groove portions 314a and one middle shallow groove portion 314b are alternately arranged. An arrangement pattern that is repeatedly arranged may be adopted.
- FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to a modification of the tenth embodiment.
- the depth of the middle shallow groove portion 314b in the anode side separator 310 of the tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 20 is the same as the depth of the deep groove portion 313.
- the middle shallow groove portion 314 b is integrated with the deep groove portion 313.
- the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP formed at the position of the normal shallow groove portion 314a is promoted to flow into the coolant channel space CS on the downstream side. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the stagnation of the coolant in the coolant channel space CS and suppress the deterioration of the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the eleventh embodiment.
- FIG. 22 shows a cross section along the Y direction passing through the position of the second groove 315 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) of the anode-side separator 310.
- FIG. 22 shows a fuel gas channel space formed between the second groove portion 315 (the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314) of the anode side separator 310 and the power generation layer 200 (the anode side diffusion layer 216).
- the direction of hydrogen flow in the AS is indicated by arrows.
- the upper side of the figure is the upstream side
- the lower side of the figure is the downstream side.
- the fuel cell 100 of the eleventh embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the anode side separator 310, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- each second groove portion 315 of the anode-side separator 310 has a plurality of shallow groove portions 314, as in the first embodiment.
- the boundary wall BW between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 on the downstream side of the hydrogen flow in the fuel gas passage space AS is formed on the second surface side ( It differs from the first embodiment in that it is inclined to be located on the downstream side as it is closer to the surface side facing the power generation layer 200. That is, in the eleventh embodiment, the boundary wall BW is inclined by a predetermined angle ⁇ C from the stacking direction.
- the boundary wall BW when the boundary wall BW is parallel to the stacking direction, water flows into the portion Px on the boundary wall BW on the downstream side of the deep groove portion 313 in the fuel gas channel space AS at the position of the deep groove portion 313. May easily accumulate, and the anode separator 310 may corrode. In particular, the closer to the downstream side of the fuel gas passage space AS, the more water tends to accumulate in the portion Px.
- the boundary wall BW between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 on the downstream side is inclined so as to be positioned on the downstream side closer to the second surface side. Therefore, water is prevented from staying in the portion Px on the boundary wall BW, and corrosion of the anode side separator 310 can be suppressed.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to a modification of the eleventh embodiment. Also in the modification of the eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 23, the boundary wall between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 on the downstream side of the hydrogen flow in the fuel gas passage space AS. The BW is inclined so as to be positioned on the downstream side as it is closer to the second surface side. In the modification of the eleventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, in each second groove portion 315, the shallow groove portion 314 located on the downstream side of the hydrogen flow in the fuel gas channel space AS has a deeper depth d ( That is, d10 ⁇ d11 ⁇ d12).
- the shallow groove portion 314 located on the downstream side has a larger width W along the hydrogen flow direction (that is, W10 ⁇ W11 ⁇ W12). Therefore, in the modification of the eleventh embodiment, the shallow groove portion 314 located on the downstream side is formed on the first surface side (side facing the cathode separator 320) of the shallow groove portion 314 by increasing the depth d. Although the height of the communication channel CP becomes smaller, by increasing the width W of the shallow groove portion 314 located on the downstream side, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the downstream communication channel CP. .
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the twelfth embodiment.
- FIG. 24 shows a cross section along the Y direction passing through the position of the second groove 315 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) of the anode-side separator 310.
- FIG. 24 shows a fuel gas channel space formed between the second groove portion 315 (the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314) of the anode-side separator 310 and the power generator layer 200 (the anode-side diffusion layer 216 thereof).
- the direction of hydrogen flow in the AS is indicated by arrows.
- the fuel cell 100 of the twelfth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the anode-side separator 310, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- each second groove portion 315 of the anode-side separator 310 has a plurality of shallow groove portions 314, as in the first embodiment.
- the plurality of shallow groove portions 314 include a plurality of types of shallow groove portions 314 having different depths d.
- the depth d of each shallow groove portion 314 has a relationship of d21> d22> d23> d24.
- the flow rate of hydrogen in the fuel gas passage space AS formed on the second surface side of the anode separator 310 is relatively high (that is, the pressure is Therefore, the current density is large and the calorific value is large. Since the flow rate of the coolant in the communication channel CP formed on the first surface side of the anode side separator 310 at the same position is relatively large, the amount of cooling heat is large.
- the concentration and humidity of the reaction gas are not uniform in the plane of the single cell 140, and thus the amount of heat generated by power generation is not uniform.
- the plurality of shallow groove portions 314 include a plurality of types of shallow groove portions 314 having different depths d, by appropriately arranging the shallow groove portions 314, the power generation distribution and the temperature distribution in the single cell 140. Can be made uniform.
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing a control method of the fuel cell 100 in the thirteenth embodiment.
- the fuel cell With the operation of 100, contamination and bubbles are trapped in a portion adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 in the fuel gas channel space AS.
- contamination or bubbles are trapped in the portion, as shown in FIG. 25, the turbulent flow of the cooling liquid is suppressed, and the pressure loss of the flow path for the cooling liquid is reduced.
- the control unit 80 of the fuel cell system 10 measures the pressure loss of the flow path for the coolant and determines whether or not the pressure loss has become smaller than a predetermined threshold Th.
- the control unit 80 outputs a signal notifying the user of the occurrence of an abnormality in the coolant flow path.
- the user can be aware that contamination or bubbles have been trapped in the fuel gas flow path space AS of the anode-side separator 310.
- it is possible to detect the occurrence of abnormality in the coolant flow path with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the fourteenth embodiment.
- FIG. 26 shows a cross section along the Y direction passing through the position of the second groove 315 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) of the anode side separator 310.
- FIG. 26 shows a fuel gas channel space formed between the second groove portion 315 (the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314) of the anode-side separator 310 and the power generator layer 200 (the anode-side diffusion layer 216 thereof).
- the direction of hydrogen flow in the AS is indicated by arrows.
- the upper side of the figure is the upstream side
- the lower side of the figure is the downstream side.
- the fuel cell 100 of the fourteenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the anode-side separator 310, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- each second groove portion 315 of the anode-side separator 310 has a plurality of shallow groove portions 314, as in the first embodiment.
- the boundary wall BW between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 on the downstream side of the hydrogen flow in the fuel gas passage space AS is formed on the second surface side ( The point which inclines so that it may be located in the downstream is so far from the surface side which opposes the electric power generation body layer 200). That is, in the fourteenth embodiment, the boundary wall BW is inclined by a predetermined angle ⁇ D from the stacking direction.
- the boundary wall BW between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 on the downstream side is inclined so as to be positioned on the downstream side closer to the second surface side. Therefore, the retention of water in the portion Py on the boundary wall BW is promoted. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 according to the fourteenth embodiment, it is possible to suppress dry-up during high-temperature operation, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency and a decrease in durability of the electrolyte membrane 212.
- the retention of water in the portion Py on the boundary wall BW is promoted by increasing the hydrophilicity of the surface of the deep groove 313 of the anode side separator 310 facing the fuel gas passage space AS. It is good.
- Examples of the method for increasing hydrophilicity include hydrophilic treatment and treatment for roughening the surface of the anode-side separator 310.
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the fifteenth embodiment.
- FIG. 27 shows a partial planar configuration of the anode-side separator 310 on the first surface side (surface side facing the cathode-side separator 320).
- the fuel cell 100 of the fifteenth embodiment differs from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the shape of the boundary wall between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode separator 310 and the arrangement of the shallow groove portion 314.
- the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- the planar shape of the deep groove portion 313 is a substantially regular hexagon. Therefore, the boundary wall between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 has a shape having a portion inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the coolant in the communication flow path CP.
- the arrangement of the shallow groove portions 314 in the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310 is a staggered arrangement. That is, the distance L11 along the Y direction of the shallow groove portions 314 of the two adjacent second groove portions 315 is substantially half of the pitch (2 ⁇ L11) of the shallow groove portions 314 in each second groove portion 315.
- the boundary wall between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 has an inclined portion, in the communication channel CP formed at the position of the shallow groove portion 314, the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion.
- the flow direction of a part of the cooling liquid can be an oblique direction along the inclined portion of the boundary wall with 314.
- the shallow groove portions 314 are arranged in a staggered manner, the coolant whose flow direction is oblique may flow directly into the communication channel CP formed at the position of the shallow groove portions 314 located obliquely. Promoted. Therefore, the fuel cell 100 of the fifteenth embodiment can set the coolant path more flexibly.
- the cooling performance may deteriorate due to insufficient coolant flow rate or air accumulation in the upper region of each unit cell 140 in the direction of gravity. Since the coolant can be guided obliquely upward, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cooling performance over the entire area of the single cell 140.
- FIG. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in a modification of the fifteenth embodiment.
- the arrangement of the shallow groove portions 314 is a staggered arrangement as in the example of FIG.
- the planar shape of the deep groove portion 313 is different from the example of FIG.
- the boundary wall between the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314 has a shape having a portion inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the coolant in the communication channel CP. Therefore, also in the modification of the fifteenth embodiment shown in FIG. 28, the coolant path can be set more flexibly.
- the shallow groove portions 314 are arranged in a staggered manner. However, even if the shallow groove portions 314 are not arranged in a staggered manner, the boundary wall between the deep groove portions 313 and the shallow groove portions 314 is formed. If there is a portion inclined by a predetermined angle with respect to the flow direction of the coolant in the communication channel CP, the flow direction of the coolant can be made oblique, and the coolant path can be set more flexibly. Can do. In the example shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, the shallow groove portions 314 are arranged in a staggered manner, but the shallow groove portions 314 of the second groove portions 315 are not arranged in a staggered manner.
- the flow direction of the cooling liquid is set to an oblique direction.
- the coolant path can be set more flexibly.
- FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 according to the sixteenth embodiment.
- FIG. 29 shows a partial planar configuration of the anode side separator 310 on the first surface side (surface side facing the cathode side separator 320).
- the fuel cell 100 of the sixteenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in that the shallow groove portion 314 of the anode separator 310 is arranged, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment. It is.
- the shallow grooves 314 are arranged in a staggered manner. That is, the distance L21 along the Y direction of the shallow groove portion 314 of the two adjacent second groove portions 315 is substantially half (2 ⁇ L21) of the pitch of the shallow groove portion 314 in each second groove portion 315.
- the coolant that has passed through the communication channel CP formed at the position of the shallow groove portions 314 does not go straight downstream and cools down.
- the liquid flows through the liquid flow channel space CS and flows into the communication flow channel CP where the position of the shallow groove portion 314 in the diagonal direction on the downstream side is formed. Therefore, in the fuel cell 100 according to the sixteenth embodiment, it is possible to suppress the stagnation of the coolant in the coolant channel space CS and to suppress the decrease in the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in a modification of the sixteenth embodiment.
- the distance L22 along the Y direction of the shallow groove portions 314 of the two adjacent second groove portions 315 is approximately a quarter of the pitch (4 ⁇ L22) of the shallow groove portions 314 in each second groove portion 315. It is 1 of. Also in the fuel cell 100 of the modified example of the sixteenth embodiment shown in FIG. 30, it is possible to suppress the stagnation of the coolant in the coolant channel space CS and suppress the deterioration of the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100.
- FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in the seventeenth embodiment.
- the second groove portion 315 (the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314) of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310 is shown in an enlarged manner.
- the fuel cell 100 of the seventeenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in the configuration of the deep groove portion 313 and the shallow groove portion 314, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment. is there.
- the diameter Rm of the deep groove portion 313 is larger than the diameter Rv of the shallow groove portion 314. Therefore, in the seventeenth embodiment, the volume of the portion adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 in the coolant channel space CS (see FIG. 6) formed at the position of the first groove portion 316 of the anode side separator 310 is reduced. It is possible to suppress the stagnation of the coolant in the coolant flow path space CS and suppress the deterioration of the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100.
- the diameter Rm of the deep groove portion 313 that is a contact portion with the cathode side separator 320 in the anode side separator 310 is large, the stacking load per unit area on the surface of the deep groove portion 313 can be reduced. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the load from being concentrated at the position facing the deep groove portion 313 in the power generation body layer 200 to damage the electrode, or the load distribution on the electrode surface to be biased and the power generation distribution to be biased.
- FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the anode-side separator 310 of the fuel cell 100 in a modification of the seventeenth embodiment.
- the width along the Y direction of the deep groove portion 313 (the extending direction of the second groove portion 315 and the first groove portion 316) is the same as in the first embodiment, and the deep groove portion A width Wm along the X direction (the coolant flow direction in the communication flow path CP) of 313 is extended to be larger than the width Wv of the shallow groove portion 314.
- the width along the Y direction of the deep groove portion 313 the extending direction of the second groove portion 315 and the first groove portion 316
- the deep groove portion A width Wm along the X direction (the coolant flow direction in the communication flow path CP) of 313 is extended to be larger than the width Wv of the shallow groove portion 314.
- the volume of the portion adjacent to the deep groove portion 313 in the coolant channel space CS formed at the position of the first groove portion 316 can be effectively reduced.
- the cooling liquid stagnation in the cooling liquid channel space CS can be suppressed to prevent the cooling performance of the fuel cell 100 from decreasing, and the stack load per unit area on the surface of the deep groove 313 can be reduced, the electrodes can be damaged, and Suppression of bias in power generation distribution is realized.
- Example 18 33 to 35 are explanatory views showing the configuration of the fuel cell 100 in the eighteenth embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 according to the eighteenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 according to the first embodiment in the configuration of the seal portion, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 according to the eighteenth embodiment employs a manufacturing method in which cells with a seal portion and cells without a seal portion are alternately stacked to improve repairability.
- the tunnel flow channel TR In the portion where the third groove portion 317 (see FIGS. 4 and 5) is provided, the tip portions 452 and 442 of the seal portions 450 and 440 provided on the opposing cathode separator 320 are connected to the third groove portion 317.
- the sealing performance is ensured by pressing against the surface of the anode side separator 310 provided with. However, it is difficult to ensure the sealing performance by pressing the seal portion against the surface of the anode separator 310 provided with such an uneven shape.
- an anode separator 310, a power generator layer 200, a cathode separator 320, another anode separator 310, and another power generator layer 200 are laminated.
- the cell CeA is configured, and the cathode side separator 320, the anode side separator 310, the power generator layer 200, and another anode side separator 310 are stacked to form the cell CeB, and the cell CeA and the cell CeB are formed.
- the fuel cell 100 is manufactured by alternately laminating. 33 to 35, the cell CeA is provided with seal portions 450 and 420 for securing a seal with the opposing cell CeB, but the cell CeB has a seal with the opposing cell CeA.
- the seal part for ensuring is not arrange
- the seal portions 450, 430, 420 arranged in the cell CeA are arranged such that the tips 452, 432, 422 are pressed against the flat surface of the cathode-side separator 320 of the opposite cell CeB. Therefore, a reliable seal line can be formed.
- the seal portion is not pressed against the surface provided with the uneven shape.
- the seal portion 450 disposed between the cathode-side separator 320 and the third groove portion 317 of the anode-side separator 310 is formed by filling.
- a reliable seal line can be formed also in this portion.
- the eighteenth embodiment employs a manufacturing method for manufacturing the fuel cell 100 by alternately stacking cells with seal portions and cells without seal portions while ensuring reliable sealing performance.
- the repairability of the fuel cell 100 can be improved.
- a method of manufacturing the fuel cell 100 by stacking a cell CeA including two power generation layer 200 and a cell CeB including one power generation layer 200 is employed. If the method of manufacturing the fuel cell 100 by stacking the cell CeA including the power generation layer 200 and the cell CeB including the odd number of power generation layers 200 is employed, as in the eighteenth embodiment, reliable sealing performance is achieved. As a result, the repairability of the fuel cell 100 can be improved.
- FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram showing a planar configuration of the fuel cell 100 in the nineteenth embodiment.
- the fuel cell 100 of the nineteenth embodiment is different from the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment in terms of the arrangement of the manifolds, and the other points are the same as the fuel cell 100 of the first embodiment.
- the separator 310 forms a flow path (cooling liquid flow path space CS and communication flow path CP (see FIG. 6)) for flowing the cooling liquid vertically and horizontally.
- the electrode utilization rate is improved and the physique output density and the mass output density are improved as compared with the four-sided arrangement configuration of the manifold.
- T.A. Variation The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples and embodiments, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the following modifications are possible.
- Modification 1 The configuration of the fuel cell system 10 in each of the above embodiments is merely an example, and various modifications can be made.
- the membrane electrode assembly 210 includes the anode side diffusion layer 216 and the cathode side diffusion layer 217.
- the membrane electrode assembly 210 includes at least the anode side diffusion layer 216 and the cathode side diffusion layer 217. One may not be included.
- the material and manufacturing method of each layer of the fuel cell 100 are specified.
- the material and manufacturing method are not limited to these materials, and appropriate various materials and manufacturing methods should be used. Can do.
- the anode separator 310 is manufactured by pressing a metal plate.
- the anode separator 310 is manufactured by cutting a metal plate or a resin carbon plate or etching a metal plate. Alternatively, it may be manufactured by injection molding of resin carbon.
- the cathode-side separator 320 may be manufactured by cutting out a resin carbon plate or by injection molding of resin carbon.
- the fuel cell 100 is a solid polymer fuel cell.
- the present invention is applicable to other types of fuel cells (for example, direct methanol fuel cells and phosphoric acid fuel cells). Applicable.
- the anode side separator 310 has a shape having the corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross section, while the cathode side separator 320 has a flat plate shape.
- the anode-side separator 310 may have a flat plate shape while having a corrugated portion WSP having a cross-sectional shape.
- a porous body flow path layer is provided on the anode side, and oxidation is performed between the cathode side separator 320 and the power generation body layer 200.
- a flow path for the agent gas is formed, and a flow path for the coolant is formed between the cathode side separator 320 and the anode side separator 310.
- both the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320 may have a shape having a corrugated portion WSP having a corrugated cross-sectional shape.
- the power generation body layer 200 does not include the porous body flow path layer, and a flow path for fuel gas is formed between the anode side separator 310 and the power generation body layer 200, and the cathode side separator 320 and the power generation body layer are formed.
- An oxidant gas channel is formed between the cathode side separator 320 and the anode side separator 310, and a coolant channel is formed between the cathode side separator 320 and the anode side separator 310.
- the second groove portions 315 in the corrugated portion WSP of the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320 are in contact with each other.
- the shallow groove portion 314 in the second groove portion 315 of the corrugated portion WSP may be provided only in one of the anode side separator 310 and the cathode side separator 320, or may be provided in both. .
- each of the second groove portions 315 is provided with a plurality of shallow groove portions 314.
- the cooling liquid The flow direction is not limited to a direction parallel to the flow direction of the fuel gas, and can be set freely.
- the arrangement pattern of the shallow groove portions 314 on the corrugated portion WSP plane in each of the above embodiments is merely an example, and the arrangement pattern of the shallow groove portions 314 can be arbitrarily changed.
- the planar shape of the second groove portion 315 and the first groove portion 316 in the anode side separator 310 extends in a certain direction (in the example of FIG. 2, a direction parallel to the short side of the single cell 140).
- the planar shape of the second groove portion 315 and the first groove portion 316 is different from each manifold as long as the second groove portions 315 and the first groove portions 316 are alternately and repeatedly arranged to form a corrugated cross section.
- Arbitrary shapes can be adopted depending on the arrangement.
- the planar shape of the second groove portion 315 and the first groove portion 316 can be a meandering shape.
- a plurality of tunnel channels TR are formed side by side in the vicinity of the fuel gas supply manifold 162 and the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 of the fuel cell 100 (see FIG. 5 and the like). Only the tunnel channel TR may be formed.
- the anode-side separator 310 is provided with the fourth groove portion 312 to form the fuel gas common rail ACR, and each fuel gas passage space AS communicates with the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- the fuel gas common rail ACR may not be formed, and the fuel gas flow passage space AS, the fuel gas supply manifold 162, and the fuel gas discharge manifold 164 may communicate with each other without the fuel gas common rail ACR.
- Modification 6 In the seventh embodiment, on the first surface side of the corrugated portion WSP of the anode-side separator 310, the coating treatment for increasing the corrosion resistance of the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 in the first groove portion 316, and the first groove portion 316 are performed.
- the water repellent treatment that increases the water repellency of the region S1 adjacent to the shallow groove portion 314 and the hydrophilic treatment that increases the hydrophilicity in the shallow groove portion 314 are performed, but all three treatments are necessarily performed. There is no need, and if at least one of these processes is performed, the above-described effect corresponding to the process can be obtained.
- Coolant discharge manifold 200 Power generation layer 210 ... Membrane electrode assembly 212 ... Electrolyte membrane 214 ... Anode 215 ... Cathode 216 ... Anode side diffusion layer 217 ... Cathode side diffusion layer 230 ... Caso 310-side anode channel 312 ... fourth groove 313 ... deep groove 314 ... shallow groove 315 ... second groove 316 ... first groove 317 ... third groove 318 ... opening 320 ... cathode Side separator 322 ... opening 352 ... wall body 354 ... floor body 362 ... spacer 420, 430, 440, 450, 460 ... seal part 452 ... tip
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Abstract
Description
第1の表面側に凹な形状であり前記第1の表面側に第1の流体用の流路を形成する第1の溝部と、前記第1の表面側とは反対の第2の表面側に凹な形状であり前記第2の表面側に第2の流体用の流路を形成する第2の溝部と、が交互に繰り返し並んだ波形断面形状を有する波形部を備え、
各前記第2の溝部は、前記第2の表面側から見た深さが他の部分より浅い浅溝部であって、前記浅溝部の位置の前記第1の表面側に、前記浅溝部を挟んで隣接する2つの前記第1の流体用の流路空間を連通する連通流路を形成する少なくとも1つの浅溝部を有する、セパレータ。
前記第1の流体および前記第2の流体の組み合わせは、燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスと冷却液との内のいずれか2つの組み合わせである、セパレータ。
前記第1の流体は、冷却液である、セパレータ。
前記セパレータの平面形状は略矩形であり、
前記セパレータの前記波形部を挟んで対向する2つの外縁辺付近に、前記第1の流体用のマニホールドを構成する第1の開口と前記第2の流体用のマニホールドを構成する第2の開口とが形成されている、セパレータ。
ことができる。
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記浅溝部の断面形状は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れの下流側の曲率半径または抜き角度が上流側の曲率半径または抜き角度より大きい形状である、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記浅溝部の断面形状は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れの下流側の曲率半径または抜き角度が上流側の曲率半径または抜き角度より小さい形状である、セパレータ。
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側には、前記第1の溝部において前記浅溝部に隣接する領域の耐食性を高める被膜処理と、前記第1の溝部において前記浅溝部に隣接する領域の撥水性を高める撥水処理と、前記浅溝部における親水性を高める親水処理と、の少なくとも1つが施されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側において、前記深溝部の前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向の下流側に、前記深溝部と前記浅溝部との境界壁の延長上に位置する壁体が形成されていると共に、前記浅溝部の前記下流側に、前記浅溝部の床面の延長上に位置する床体が形成されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側において、前記第1の溝部において前記深溝部に隣接する位置に、空間を充填するスペーサーが配置されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、通常の前記浅溝部と、通常の前記浅溝部よりも深さの深い中浅溝部と、を含む複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記中浅溝部は、隣接する前記第2の溝部の有する通常の前記浅溝部に対向する位置に配置される、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側において前記深溝部と隣接する前記浅溝部と、の境界壁は、前記第2の表面側に近いほど前記下流側に位置するように傾いている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部の有する複数の前記浅溝部は、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側に位置する前記浅溝部ほど深さが深く、かつ、前記下流側に位置する前記浅溝部ほど前記第2の流体の流れ方向に沿った幅が大きい、セパレータ。
前記波形部は、深さの互いに異なる複数種類の前記浅溝部を含む、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側において前記深溝部と隣接する前記浅溝部と、の境界壁は、前記第2の表面側から遠いほど前記下流側に位置するように傾いている、セパレータ。
前記第2の表面側において、各前記第2の溝部の前記浅溝部に親水性を高める親水処理が施されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と前記浅溝部との境界壁は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に対して所定の角度だけ傾いた部分を有する、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部の位置に対して前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に直交する方向に所定の距離だけずれた位置に配置されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部の位置に対して前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に直交する方向に所定の距離だけずれた位置に形成されている、セパレータ。
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
前記第2の溝部の有する前記深溝部の径は、前記浅溝部の径より大きい、セパレータ。
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む発電体層と、
前記発電体層を間に挟んで配置された適用例1ないし適用例19に記載のセパレータと、を備える、燃料電池。
前記第1の流体用流路における圧力損失が所定の閾値より小さくなったことを検出することにより、前記第1の流体用流路における異常を検出する検出部を備える、燃料電池。
前記セパレータの前記第1の溝部の前記第1の表面側に冷却液を接触させる工程と、
前記接触させる工程の後に、前記セパレータと前記発電体層とを積層する工程と、を備える、方法。
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む複数の発電体層と、
各前記発電体層の前記アノード側に配置された適用例1に記載のセパレータと、
各前記発電体層の前記カソード側に配置された平坦な板状の第2のセパレータと、を備える、燃料電池。
前記セパレータは、板状部材をプレス加工して製造され、
前記第2のセパレータの厚さは、前記セパレータの製造に用いられる前記板状部材の厚さより薄い、燃料電池。
少なくとも前記セパレータにおける凹凸のある位置において、前記セパレータと、前記発電体層を介さずに前記セパレータに対向する前記第2のセパレータと、の間をシールするシール部であって、前記セパレータに貼り付けられると共に前記第2のセパレータに押し付けられることによりシールを実現するシール部を備える、燃料電池。
前記燃料電池は、偶数個の前記発電体層を含む第1のセルと、奇数個の前記発電体層を含む第2のセルと、を交互に積層することにより製造され、
前記シール部は、前記燃料電池の積層前において、前記第1のセルに設けられ、前記第2のセルには設けられない、燃料電池。
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む複数の発電体層と、
各前記発電体層の前記アノード側に配置された適用例1に記載のセパレータと、
各前記発電体層の前記カソード側に配置された平坦な板状の第2のセパレータと、
前記セパレータと、前記発電体層を介さずに前記セパレータに対向する前記第2のセパレータと、の間をシールする第1のシール部と、
前記発電体層の端部において、前記アノード側と前記カソード側との間をシールする第2のシール部と、を備え、
前記セパレータと前記発電体層との少なくとも一方は、前記第2の流体用流路空間と前記第1のシールを挟んで前記第2の流体用流路空間の反対側の流路空間とを前記第1のシールによるシールラインの下を通って連通するトンネル流路を形成するためのトンネル流路形成部を有し、
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記第2のシール部より前記発電体層の面方向に沿った内側に位置する、燃料電池。
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記セパレータに形成された前記第2の表面側に凹な形状の第3の溝部を含み、
前記第3の溝部は、前記第2の溝部の有する前記深溝部よりも深さが浅い、燃料電池。
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記発電体層の前記セパレータに対向する側の表面が前記発電体層の他の部分の表面より後退している部分である薄部を含む、燃料電池。
前記セパレータは、複数の前記トンネル流路形成部を有し、
前記複数の前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記燃料電池の使用時において最も重力方向下側に位置する前記トンネル流路形成部が前記第2の流体用流路空間に最も近い位置まで伸びるように形成されている、燃料電池。
図1は、本発明の第1実施例における燃料電池システム10の概略構成を示す説明図である。燃料電池システム10は、燃料電池100を備えている。燃料電池100は、エンドプレート110と、絶縁板120と、集電板130と、複数の単セル140と、集電板130と、絶縁板120と、エンドプレート110と、が、この順に積層されたスタック構造を有している。
図7は、第2実施例における燃料電池100の断面構成を示す説明図である。図7には、図2のB1-B1の位置における燃料電池100の部分断面を示している。第7実施例の燃料電池100は、トンネル流路TRの構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100(図4参照)と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。ここで、トンネル流路TRは、シール部440,450によるシールラインSLの下(発電体層200側)を通る流路である。第2実施例のトンネル流路TRは、第1実施例と同様に、燃料ガス供給マニホールド162と燃料ガス用コモンレールACRとの間および燃料ガス排出マニホールド164と燃料ガス用コモンレールACRとの間を連通する流路である。
図8は、第3実施例の燃料電池100におけるトンネル流路TR付近の構成を示す説明図である。図8には、トンネル流路TRおよびトンネル流路TRに連通する燃料ガス用コモンレールACRの平面と、当該平面におけるA2-A2およびB2-B2の位置における断面を示している。第3実施例の燃料電池100は、トンネル流路TRの構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。トンネル流路TRは、シール部440,450によるシールラインSLの下(発電体層200側)を通り、燃料ガス供給マニホールド162と燃料ガス用コモンレールACRとの間および燃料ガス排出マニホールド164と燃料ガス用コモンレールACRとの間を連通する流路である。
図10は、第4実施例における燃料電池100の平面構成を示す説明図である。また、図11,12は、第4実施例における燃料電池100の断面構成を示す説明図である。図11には、図10のA1-A1の位置における燃料電池100の部分断面を示しており、図12には、図10のB1-B1の位置における燃料電池100の部分断面を示している。
図13は、第5実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の断面構成を示す説明図である。図13には、アノード側セパレータ310の浅溝部314(図4,6参照)の位置を通るX方向に沿った断面を示している。図13には、アノード側セパレータ310の浅溝部314とカソード側セパレータ320との間に形成された連通流路CPと、第1の溝部316とカソード側セパレータ320との間に形成された冷却液用流路空間CSと、により構成された凹凸のある冷却液用の流路における冷却液の流れ方向を矢印で示している。図13に示す例では、図の左側が上流側であり、図の右側が下流側である。
図15は、第6実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の断面構成を示す説明図である。図15には、アノード側セパレータ310の浅溝部314(図4,6参照)の位置を通るX方向に沿った断面を示している。図15には、アノード側セパレータ310の浅溝部314とカソード側セパレータ320との間に形成された連通流路CPと、第1の溝部316とカソード側セパレータ320との間に形成された冷却液用流路空間CSと、により構成された凹凸のある冷却液用の流路における冷却液の流れ方向を矢印で示している。図15に示す例では、図の左側が上流側であり、図の右側が下流側である。
図17は、第7実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。第7実施例の燃料電池100は、アノード側セパレータ310の第1の表面(カソード側セパレータ320に対向する側の表面)に所定の表面処理が施されている点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図18は、第8実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図18(a)には、アノード側セパレータ310の第1の表面側(カソード側セパレータ320に対向する表面側)の一部の平面構成を示しており、図18(b)には、図18(a)のA3-A3の位置における断面構成を示している。また、図18(c)には、深溝部313および浅溝部314付近の斜視図を示している。
図19は、第9実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図19(a)には、アノード側セパレータ310の第1の表面側(カソード側セパレータ320に対向する表面側)の一部の平面構成を示しており、図19(b)には、図19(a)のA4-A4の位置における断面構成を示しており、図19(c)には、図19(a)のB4-B4の位置における断面構成を示している。
図20は、第10実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。第10実施例の燃料電池100は、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図22は、第11実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図22には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(図4,6参照)の位置を通るY方向に沿った断面を示している。図22には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(深溝部313および浅溝部314)と発電体層200(のアノード側拡散層216)との間に形成された燃料ガス用流路空間ASにおける水素の流れ方向を矢印で示している。図22に示す例では、図の上方が上流側であり、図の下方が下流側である。第11実施例の燃料電池100は、アノード側セパレータ310の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図24は、第12実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図24には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(図4,6参照)の位置を通るY方向に沿った断面を示している。図24には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(深溝部313および浅溝部314)と発電体層200(のアノード側拡散層216)との間に形成された燃料ガス用流路空間ASにおける水素の流れ方向を矢印で示している。第12実施例の燃料電池100は、アノード側セパレータ310の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図25は、第13実施例における燃料電池100の制御方法を示す説明図である。第1実施例のように、アノード側セパレータ310に第1の溝部316と第2の溝部315とを設け、さらに、第2の溝部315に深溝部313と浅溝部314とを設けると、燃料電池100の運転に伴い、燃料ガス用流路空間ASにおける深溝部313に隣接する部分にコンタミネーションや気泡がトラップされる。当該部分にコンタミネーションや気泡がトラップされると、図25に示すように、冷却液の乱流が抑制され、冷却液用の流路の圧力損失が低下する。
図26は、第14実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図26には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(図4,6参照)の位置を通るY方向に沿った断面を示している。図26には、アノード側セパレータ310の第2の溝部315(深溝部313および浅溝部314)と発電体層200(のアノード側拡散層216)との間に形成された燃料ガス用流路空間ASにおける水素の流れ方向を矢印で示している。図26に示す例では、図の上方が上流側であり、図の下方が下流側である。第14実施例の燃料電池100は、アノード側セパレータ310の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図27は、第15実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図27には、アノード側セパレータ310の第1の表面側(カソード側セパレータ320に対向する表面側)の一部の平面構成を示している。
図29は、第16実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図29には、アノード側セパレータ310の第1の表面側(カソード側セパレータ320に対向する表面側)の一部の平面構成を示している。
図31は、第17実施例における燃料電池100のアノード側セパレータ310の構成を示す説明図である。図31には、アノード側セパレータ310の波形部WSPの第2の溝部315(深溝部313および浅溝部314)を拡大して示している。第17実施例の燃料電池100は、深溝部313および浅溝部314の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図33~35は、第18実施例における燃料電池100の構成を示す説明図である。第18実施例の燃料電池100は、シール部の構成の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
図36は、第19実施例における燃料電池100の平面構成を示す説明図である。第19実施例の燃料電池100は、各マニホールドの配置の点で第1実施例の燃料電池100と異なっており、その他の点は第1実施例の燃料電池100と同様である。
なお、この発明は上記の実施例や実施形態に限られるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の態様において実施することが可能であり、例えば次のような変形も可能である。
上記各実施例における燃料電池システム10の構成は、あくまで一例であり、種々変形可能である。例えば、上記各実施例では、膜電極接合体210がアノード側拡散層216およびカソード側拡散層217を含むとしているが、膜電極接合体210がアノード側拡散層216およびカソード側拡散層217の少なくとも一方を含まないとしてもよい。
上記各実施例では、アノード側セパレータ310が波形断面形状の波形部WSPを有する形状である一方、カソード側セパレータ320は平坦な板状形状であるとしているが、反対に、カソード側セパレータ320が波形断面形状の波形部WSPを有する形状である一方、アノード側セパレータ310は平坦な板状形状であるとしてもよい。この場合には、発電体層200にカソード側多孔体流路層230が含まれない代わりにアノード側に多孔体流路層が設けられ、カソード側セパレータ320と発電体層200との間に酸化剤ガス用の流路が形成されると共にカソード側セパレータ320とアノード側セパレータ310との間に冷却液用の流路が形成される。
上記各実施例では、各第2の溝部315に複数の浅溝部314が設けられているとしているが、各第2の溝部315に少なくとも1つの浅溝部314が設けられていれば、冷却液の流れ方向を燃料ガスの流れ方向に平行な方向に限定されず自由に設定することができる。また、上記各実施例における波形部WSP平面上の浅溝部314の配置パターンはあくまで一例であり、浅溝部314の配置パターンは任意に変更可能である。
上記各実施例では、燃料電池100の燃料ガス供給マニホールド162および燃料ガス排出マニホールド164の付近には、複数のトンネル流路TRが並んで形成されるとしているが(図5等参照)、1つのみのトンネル流路TRが形成されるとしてもよい。
上記各実施例では、アノード側セパレータ310に第4の溝部312が設けられて燃料ガス用コモンレールACRが形成され、各燃料ガス用流路空間ASが燃料ガス用コモンレールACRに連通するとしているが、燃料ガス用コモンレールACRが形成されず、各燃料ガス用流路空間ASと燃料ガス供給マニホールド162および燃料ガス排出マニホールド164とが燃料ガス用コモンレールACRを介さずに連通するものとしてもよい。
上記第7実施例では、アノード側セパレータ310の波形部WSPの第1の表面側に、第1の溝部316における浅溝部314に隣接する領域S1の耐食性を高める被膜処理と、第1の溝部316における浅溝部314に隣接する領域S1の撥水性を高める撥水処理と、浅溝部314における親水性を高める親水処理と、が施されているとしているが、必ずしも3つの処理がすべて施されている必要はなく、これらの処理の内の少なくとも1つが施されていれば当該処理に対応する上述の効果が得られる。
50…水素タンク
51…シャットバルブ
52…レギュレータ
53…配管
54…排出配管
60…エアポンプ
61…配管
63…配管
70…ラジエータ
71…ウォーターポンプ
72…配管
73…配管
80…制御部
100…燃料電池
110…エンドプレート
120…絶縁板
130…集電板
140…単セル
152…酸化剤ガス供給マニホールド
154…酸化剤ガス排出マニホールド
162…燃料ガス供給マニホールド
164…燃料ガス排出マニホールド
172…冷却液供給マニホールド
174…冷却液排出マニホールド
200…発電体層
210…膜電極接合体
212…電解質膜
214…アノード
215…カソード
216…アノード側拡散層
217…カソード側拡散層
230…カソード側多孔体流路層
310…アノード側セパレータ
312…第4の溝部
313…深溝部
314…浅溝部
315…第2の溝部
316…第1の溝部
317…第3の溝部
318…開口
320…カソード側セパレータ
322…開口
352…壁体
354…床体
362…スペーサー
420,430,440,450,460…シール部
452…先端
Claims (30)
- 燃料電池用のセパレータであって、
第1の表面側に凹な形状であり前記第1の表面側に第1の流体用の流路を形成する第1の溝部と、前記第1の表面側とは反対の第2の表面側に凹な形状であり前記第2の表面側に第2の流体用の流路を形成する第2の溝部と、が交互に繰り返し並んだ波形断面形状を有する波形部を備え、
各前記第2の溝部は、前記第2の表面側から見た深さが他の部分より浅い浅溝部であって、前記浅溝部の位置の前記第1の表面側に、前記浅溝部を挟んで隣接する2つの前記第1の流体用の流路空間を連通する連通流路を形成する少なくとも1つの浅溝部を有する、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
前記第1の流体および前記第2の流体の組み合わせは、燃料ガスと酸化剤ガスと冷却液との内のいずれか2つの組み合わせである、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
前記第1の流体は、冷却液である、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
前記セパレータの平面形状は略矩形であり、
前記セパレータの前記波形部を挟んで対向する2つの外縁辺付近に、前記第1の流体用のマニホールドを構成する第1の開口と前記第2の流体用のマニホールドを構成する第2の開口とが形成されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記浅溝部の断面形状は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れの下流側の曲率半径または抜き角度が上流側の曲率半径または抜き角度より大きい形状である、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記浅溝部の断面形状は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れの下流側の曲率半径または抜き角度が上流側の曲率半径または抜き角度より小さい形状である、セパレータ。 - 請求項3に記載のセパレータであって、
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側には、前記第1の溝部において前記浅溝部に隣接する領域の耐食性を高める被膜処理と、前記第1の溝部において前記浅溝部に隣接する領域の撥水性を高める撥水処理と、前記浅溝部における親水性を高める親水処理と、の少なくとも1つが施されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側において、前記深溝部の前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向の下流側に、前記深溝部と前記浅溝部との境界壁の延長上に位置する壁体が形成されていると共に、前記浅溝部の前記下流側に、前記浅溝部の床面の延長上に位置する床体が形成されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
前記波形部の前記第1の表面側において、前記第1の溝部において前記深溝部に隣接する位置に、空間を充填するスペーサーが配置されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、通常の前記浅溝部と、通常の前記浅溝部よりも深さの深い中浅溝部と、を含む複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の前記浅溝部と並んだ位置に形成されており、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記中浅溝部は、隣接する前記第2の溝部の有する通常の前記浅溝部に対向する位置に配置される、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側において前記深溝部と隣接する前記浅溝部と、の境界壁は、前記第2の表面側に近いほど前記下流側に位置するように傾いている、セパレータ。 - 請求項11に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部の有する複数の前記浅溝部は、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側に位置する前記浅溝部ほど深さが深く、かつ、前記下流側に位置する前記浅溝部ほど前記第2の流体の流れ方向に沿った幅が大きい、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
前記波形部は、深さの互いに異なる複数種類の前記浅溝部を含む、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と、前記第2の流体用流路における前記第2の流体の流れの下流側において前記深溝部と隣接する前記浅溝部と、の境界壁は、前記第2の表面側から遠いほど前記下流側に位置するように傾いている、セパレータ。 - 請求項14に記載のセパレータであって、
前記第2の表面側において、各前記第2の溝部の前記浅溝部に親水性を高める親水処理が施されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部における前記深溝部と前記浅溝部との境界壁は、前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に対して所定の角度だけ傾いた部分を有する、セパレータ。 - 請求項16に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部の位置に対して前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に直交する方向に所定の距離だけずれた位置に配置されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
各前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部は、隣接する他の前記第2の溝部の有する前記浅溝部の位置に対して前記連通流路における前記第1の流体の流れ方向に直交する方向に所定の距離だけずれた位置に形成されている、セパレータ。 - 請求項1に記載のセパレータであって、
各前記第2の溝部は、複数の前記浅溝部を有し、
前記第2の溝部の有する前記深溝部の径は、前記浅溝部の径より大きい、セパレータ。 - 燃料電池であって、
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む発電体層と、
前記発電体層を間に挟んで配置された請求項1ないし請求項19に記載のセパレータと、を備える、燃料電池。 - 請求項20に記載の燃料電池であって、さらに、
前記第1の流体用流路における圧力損失が所定の閾値より小さくなったことを検出することにより、前記第1の流体用流路における異常を検出する検出部を備える、燃料電池。 - 電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む発電体層と、前記発電体層を間に挟んで配置された請求項3に記載のセパレータと、を有する燃料電池の製造方法であって、
前記セパレータの前記第1の溝部の前記第1の表面側に冷却液を接触させる工程と、
前記接触させる工程の後に、前記セパレータと前記発電体層とを積層する工程と、を備える、方法。 - 燃料電池であって、
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む複数の発電体層と、
各前記発電体層の前記アノード側に配置された請求項1に記載のセパレータと、
各前記発電体層の前記カソード側に配置された平坦な板状の第2のセパレータと、を備える、燃料電池。 - 請求項23に記載の燃料電池であって、
前記セパレータは、板状部材をプレス加工して製造され、
前記第2のセパレータの厚さは、前記セパレータの製造に用いられる前記板状部材の厚さより薄い、燃料電池。 - 請求項23または請求項24に記載の燃料電池であって、さらに、
少なくとも前記セパレータにおける凹凸のある位置において、前記セパレータと、前記発電体層を介さずに前記セパレータに対向する前記第2のセパレータと、の間をシールするシール部であって、前記セパレータに貼り付けられると共に前記第2のセパレータに押し付けられることによりシールを実現するシール部を備える、燃料電池。 - 請求項25に記載の燃料電池であって、
前記燃料電池は、偶数個の前記発電体層を含む第1のセルと、奇数個の前記発電体層を含む第2のセルと、を交互に積層することにより製造され、
前記シール部は、前記燃料電池の積層前において、前記第1のセルに設けられ、前記第2のセルには設けられない、燃料電池。 - 燃料電池であって、
電解質膜と前記電解質膜の一方の側に配置されたアノードと前記電解質膜の他方の側に配置されたカソードとを含む複数の発電体層と、
各前記発電体層の前記アノード側に配置された請求項1に記載のセパレータと、
各前記発電体層の前記カソード側に配置された平坦な板状の第2のセパレータと、
前記セパレータと、前記発電体層を介さずに前記セパレータに対向する前記第2のセパレータと、の間をシールする第1のシール部と、
前記発電体層の端部において、前記アノード側と前記カソード側との間をシールする第2のシール部と、を備え、
前記セパレータと前記発電体層との少なくとも一方は、前記第2の流体用流路空間と前記第1のシールを挟んで前記第2の流体用流路空間の反対側の流路空間とを前記第1のシールによるシールラインの下を通って連通するトンネル流路を形成するためのトンネル流路形成部を有し、
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記第2のシール部より前記発電体層の面方向に沿った内側に位置する、燃料電池。 - 請求項27に記載の燃料電池であって、
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記セパレータに形成された前記第2の表面側に凹な形状の第3の溝部を含み、
前記第3の溝部は、前記第2の溝部の有する前記深溝部よりも深さが浅い、燃料電池。 - 請求項27または請求項28に記載の燃料電池であって、
前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記発電体層の前記セパレータに対向する側の表面が前記発電体層の他の部分の表面より後退している部分である薄部を含む、燃料電池。 - 請求項27ないし請求項29のいずれかに記載の燃料電池であって、
前記セパレータは、複数の前記トンネル流路形成部を有し、
前記複数の前記トンネル流路形成部は、前記燃料電池の使用時において最も重力方向下側に位置する前記トンネル流路形成部が前記第2の流体用流路空間に最も近い位置まで伸びるように形成されている、燃料電池。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103119766B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
US20130177827A1 (en) | 2013-07-11 |
US20160380277A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
EP2618413B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
EP2618413A4 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
CN103119766A (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
JPWO2012035585A1 (ja) | 2014-01-20 |
EP2618413A1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
JP5582193B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
US10340532B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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