WO2012032957A1 - 高密度織物 - Google Patents
高密度織物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012032957A1 WO2012032957A1 PCT/JP2011/069459 JP2011069459W WO2012032957A1 WO 2012032957 A1 WO2012032957 A1 WO 2012032957A1 JP 2011069459 W JP2011069459 W JP 2011069459W WO 2012032957 A1 WO2012032957 A1 WO 2012032957A1
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- fabric
- multifilament
- woven fabric
- yarn
- density
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
- D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/573—Tensile strength
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
- D10B2501/06—Details of garments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
- D10B2503/06—Bed linen
- D10B2503/062—Fitted bedsheets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
- Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-density fabric that is lightweight and thin, has a high tearing strength, and can maintain a low air permeability even after washing, and more specifically, a high-density fabric that suppresses cotton and down blowing,
- the present invention relates to a high-density fabric that can be suitably used for side clothing such as downwear, down jackets, futons, and sleeping bags.
- Cloth used for downwear and futon side areas is required to have low air permeability in order to suppress blowout of cotton and down. It is also required to be lightweight and thin.
- polyester multifilaments, nylon multifilaments, or composite composite fabrics of these were also often used in the fabric because of their excellent mechanical properties. These fabrics are soft and lightweight, and are excellent in windproof property, water repellency, fastness and the like, and thus are frequently used for coats, blousons, golf wear, sports outdoor wear and the like.
- various fabrics have been proposed and improved, for example, as described in Patent Documents 1 to 3.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a futon side using a spun yarn or a long fiber yarn composed of single fibers having an average fineness of 0.5 denier or less. This side was a high-grade futon side with no cotton omission, soft texture, rich drape, and good gloss. However, although the fineness of the single yarn is thin, the texture is soft, but the number of constituent fibers is large and the yarn is thick, so that the fabric becomes thick, and it does not have lightness, thinness, and down-proof property.
- This polyester fabric uses a polyester multifilament that is finer than conventional ones, and has a sufficient tear strength while being lightweight, high density and flexible.
- it is soft because it uses an extremely fine polyester multifilament, it is necessary to use a high-definition B yarn of 35 dtex or more in order to increase strength, and the composition ratio of A yarn / B yarn is also limited. There was a problem.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a woven fabric using polyester filament yarn having a single yarn fineness of 0.6 denier or less and a total fineness of 60 to 120 denier, wherein the warp is made of crimped yarn and the total fineness of the warp ( WD), total weft yarn fineness (FD), and warp cover factor (WCF) are specified in a specific range, and a high density fabric is disclosed.
- This high-density woven fabric has high waterproof performance and excellent tailoring after sewing, and has a tearing strength at a level that causes no problem in practice, and also has a soft texture.
- this fabric uses false twisted yarn with a fineness of 60 denier or more so that it does not hang even when the yarn constituting the fabric is bent by the sewing needle during sewing of the fabric, it is lightweight, thin and soft. In addition, a high-density fabric excellent in down-proofing property could not be realized.
- the present invention has been made against the background of the problems of the prior art. More specifically, the present invention is suitably used for a side of a downwear, a down jacket, a futon, a sleeping bag, etc. It aims at providing the textile fabric which can maintain low air permeability after washing.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention is a fabric composed of synthetic fibers having a fineness of 28 dtex or less and a total cover factor in the range of 1700 to 2200, and there are 2 monofilaments in at least one direction of warp and weft. There are multifilaments arranged in a layer, and the cover factor in at least one direction of warp or weft where the multifilament exists is in the range of 700 to 900. is there.
- the fineness of the synthetic fiber, the warp or weft cover factor and the total cover factor are specified, and the monofilament cross section is arranged in two layers in at least one of the warp and weft directions.
- the presence of the multifilament having a form can reduce the air permeability of the fabric and suppress the deterioration of the air permeability due to washing or the like, and can also make the fabric thin and soft.
- the total fineness of the multifilament is preferably 11 to 28 dtex, and the number of monofilaments in one multifilament is preferably 12 to 22.
- the multifilament is preferably false twisted yarn.
- the breaking strength of the multifilament is 4.5 cN / dtex or more.
- the ratio of the said multifilament is 50% or more.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention is preferably used in which at least one surface is calendered.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention preferably has an air permeability of 3 cc / cm 2 / s or less after three washings measured by the air permeability A method defined in JIS L 1096 8.27.1.
- the air permeability after 3 washings to 2 cc / cm 2 / s or less, low air permeability can be maintained even after washing.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention is lightweight, thin and has a very soft texture, has high tear strength, and can maintain low air permeability even after washing. Downwear, down jacket, futon, sleeping bag It is suitably used for side areas such as.
- the high-density woven fabric of the present invention is a woven fabric composed of synthetic fibers having a fineness of 28 dtex or less and a total cover factor in the range of 1700 to 2200, and monofilaments are in two layers in at least one direction of warp and weft.
- the multifilaments that are arranged are present, and the cover factor in at least one direction of the warp direction or the weft direction in which the multifilaments are present is in the range of 700 to 900.
- the material of the synthetic fiber is not particularly limited, but includes polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 46, nylon 12, nylon 610, nylon 612, and copolymers thereof.
- polyesters and polyamides are preferably used, and nylon 6 and nylon 66 that can soften the texture of the fabric are particularly preferable.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the material is preferably 0.58 dl / g or more, more preferably 0.60 dl / g or more, and 1.00 dl / g or less. Preferably, it is 0.90 dl / g or less.
- the intrinsic viscosity of the material is 0.58 dl / g or more, more preferably 0.60 dl / g or more, and 1.00 dl / g or less.
- it is 0.90 dl / g or less.
- the relative viscosity of the material is preferably 2.5 or more, and more preferably 3.0 or more. If the relative viscosity of the material is 2.5 or more, the resulting fiber has an appropriate breaking strength. Further, if the relative viscosity of the material is 3.0 or more, an appropriate yarn strength can be obtained even with a thin yarn. On the other hand, when the relative viscosity is less than 2.5, problems such as a decrease in the tear strength / breaking strength of the product due to insufficient breaking strength, a deterioration in work operability due to insufficient elongation at break, and a deterioration in product durability are likely to occur.
- a hygroscopic substance, an antioxidant, a matting agent, an ultraviolet absorber, an antibacterial agent, or the like may be added to the material alone or in combination.
- the fineness of the synthetic fiber is preferably 28 dtex or less, more preferably 22 dtex or less, and further preferably 17 dtex or less. Further, it is preferably 6 dtex or more, more preferably 8 dtex or more, and further preferably 11 dtex or more.
- the fineness of the synthetic fiber is preferably 28 dtex or less, more preferably 22 dtex or less, and further preferably 17 dtex or less. Further, it is preferably 6 dtex or more, more preferably 8 dtex or more, and further preferably 11 dtex or more.
- the synthetic fiber may be a short fiber or a long fiber (multifilament), but a multifilament is preferably used because it is easy to obtain a lighter, thinner and softer woven fabric.
- the overlapping state of monofilaments in the multifilament is considered to have the following several arrangements.
- the “two-layer arrangement” refers to a first layer in which a plurality of monofilaments are formed in a row in a cross section of a multifilament constituting a warp and / or a weft of a woven fabric, and above (in the thickness direction). Furthermore, it refers to an overlapping state of two layers comprising a second layer in which the same number of monofilaments are formed in a row. In the present invention, a two-layer arrangement is also used when the number of monofilaments constituting the single layer and the third layer or more is 5 or less. For example, in the case of FIG.
- the number of monofilaments constituting the single layer and the third layer is four (single layer: two at the left end, one at the right end; the third layer: one at the center), or a single layer is formed.
- the number of monofilaments constituting a single layer is four (two at the left end and in the case of FIG.
- the number of monofilaments constituting the single layer and the third layer is three (single layer: two at each end, third layer: one at the center) In the case of 4, etc., the two-layer arrangement of the present invention is adopted.
- the “single-layer arrangement” in the present invention refers to an overlapping state (single layer) in which all monofilaments constituting the multifilament are arranged in a line in the cross section of the multifilament constituting the warp and / or the weft of the woven fabric (see FIG. 5, 6).
- the “three-layer arrangement” refers to a first layer in which a plurality of monofilaments are formed in a row in a cross section of a multifilament constituting a warp and / or a weft of a woven fabric, and above (in the thickness direction). Furthermore, it refers to an overlapping state of three layers including a second layer formed so that a plurality of monofilaments are connected and overlapped with a third layer formed on the second layer (FIGS. 7 and 8).
- the 4-layer arrangement, 5-layer arrangement,... N-layer arrangement are defined in the same manner as described above except that the number of overlapping layers is different.
- the present inventors have a multifilament in which monofilaments are arranged in two layers in at least one of the warp and warp directions of the fabric (in the present invention, sometimes referred to as “two-layer arrangement multifilament”). It has been found that it is extremely important to obtain a fabric having both low air permeability, thinness and softness. The reason is considered as follows.
- the thickness of the woven fabric can be reduced.
- the tissue is easy to move during washing. That is, in the two-layer arrangement, the upper layer presses the lower layer and suppresses the movement (displacement) of the multifilament during washing, whereas in the one-layer arrangement, such a movement suppressing effect does not move, It is considered that yarn misalignment occurs due to stress at the time of washing and the structure collapses. As a result, it becomes difficult to maintain low air permeability after washing.
- the ratio of the two-layer array multifilament is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, and 70% or more. Is more preferable.
- the ratio of the two-layer multifilament is 50% or more, a woven fabric having both low air permeability, thinness and softness can be obtained.
- the proportion is less than 50%, the resulting woven fabric may not satisfy either of the characteristics of low air permeability and thinness.
- the ratio is defined as one double-layered multifilament determined to be a double-layered array based on the above criteria (5 monofilaments other than the two-layered array), and the number of such double-layered multifilaments
- the two-layered multifilament is divided by the total number of multifilaments in the direction (warp or weft).
- the total fineness of the two-layer multifilament is preferably 28 dtex or less, more preferably 22 dtex or less, preferably 11 dtex or more, and more preferably 17 dtex or more.
- the total fineness of the two-layer multifilament is preferably 28 dtex or less, more preferably 22 dtex or less, preferably 11 dtex or more, and more preferably 17 dtex or more.
- the breaking strength of the two-layer array multifilament is not particularly limited, but is preferably 4.0 cN / dtex or more, more preferably 4.5 cN / dtex or more, and further preferably 5.0 cN / dtex or more. preferable.
- the breaking strength of the two-layer array multifilament is 4.0 cN / dtex or more, the high-density fabric of the present invention using thin yarn can have practical strength.
- the breaking strength is less than 4.0 cN / dtex, a fabric having sufficient tear strength as clothing may not be obtained.
- the breaking elongation of the two-layer array multifilament is not particularly limited, but is preferably 25% or more, more preferably 28% or more, preferably 50% or less, and 48% or less. More preferred.
- the breaking elongation of the two-layer multifilament is set in the above range, when the fabric is torn, the yarn is appropriately stretched, so that not only the yarn to be torn but also the adjacent yarn is stressed. It is thought that the stress at the time of tearing is distributed to many yarns, and as a result, the stress applied to one yarn is reduced and the tearing strength of the fabric is improved. It is done.
- the breaking elongation is less than 25%, the tearing strength of the fabric is reduced because the stress when the produced fabric is torn is likely to concentrate on one yarn to be torn.
- the elongation at break is greater than 50%, the yarn cannot follow the tension change and the frictional resistance between various weaving parts due to higher speed, higher density, and lower friction of weaving. The frequency of occurrence may increase.
- the breaking strength is lowered, and the problem that the tearing strength when it is made into a woven fabric tends to decrease is not preferable.
- the boiling water shrinkage rate, thermal stress, birefringence, thickness unevenness, etc. of the two-layer multifilament are not particularly limited. Further, false twisted yarn, composite yarn, Taslan processed yarn and the like may be used, but raw yarn and false twisted yarn are preferable, and false twisted yarn is more preferable. This is because when the product is finished at a high density, it is easier to finish the texture of the woven fabric using a false twisted yarn than a raw yarn.
- false twisted yarn is crimped compared to raw yarn such as spin draw yarn, so monofilaments are less likely to be closely packed together, and irregularities are likely to occur on the fabric surface.
- raw yarn such as spin draw yarn
- irregularities are likely to occur on the fabric surface.
- the deterioration of the air permeability can be greatly suppressed even if false twisted yarn is used. The reason for this is not necessarily understood, but is estimated as follows.
- Each monofilament constituting the false twisted yarn is crimped. Therefore, compared to the state in which the yarns are neatly arranged, in the false twisted yarn, the monofilaments arranged in two layers by crimping are closely overlapped with each other, so that the catching between the monofilaments becomes stronger. As a result, even if an external force such as washing is applied, the movement of each monofilament in the false twisted yarn is suppressed, and the two-layer arrangement is not easily collapsed.
- the stretch recovery rate of the false twisted yarn is preferably 10% or more, more preferably 15% or more, preferably 40% or less, and more preferably 35% or less.
- the expansion / contraction recovery rate is within this range, the monofilaments are strongly caught and the tissue becomes difficult to move, so that a stable two-layer arrangement can be maintained even after washing.
- the expansion / contraction recovery rate is less than 10%, the yarn crimp is weak and the surface of the yarn is almost flat, and it is difficult to form a stable two-layer arrangement in which the monofilaments are not easily caught. As a result, the tissue can move easily, and the washing durability of the air permeability may be deteriorated.
- the expansion / contraction recovery rate is greater than 40%, the monofilaments are too caught and the two-layer arrangement can be formed stably, but not only is the yarn difficult to unravel, but the texture of the fabric itself is prone to fluffing. It is not preferable.
- the false twisted yarn may be of any commonly used pin type, friction type, nip belt type, air twist type, etc., but the friction type is preferred from the viewpoint of productivity.
- the fineness of the monofilament constituting the two-layer arrangement multifilament is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 dtex or more, more preferably 1.0 dtex or more, and preferably 2.0 dtex or less. More preferably, it is 5 dtex or less.
- the fineness of the monofilament is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 dtex or more, more preferably 1.0 dtex or more, and preferably 2.0 dtex or less. More preferably, it is 5 dtex or less.
- the cross-sectional shape of the monofilament constituting the two-layer multifilament is not particularly limited, and is round (including ellipse), triangle, Y shape, cross shape, W shape, V shape, ⁇ shape, gear shape, heart shape From the viewpoint of strength, a round cross section is preferably used. Even if a monofilament having a round cross section is used, the cross-sectional shape after calendar processing may be deformed.
- the number of monofilaments in one two-layer multifilament is preferably 12 or more, more preferably 15 or more, preferably 22 or less, and more preferably 20 or less.
- synthetic fibers such as multifilaments and short fibers having a single-layer arrangement or three-layer arrangement or more can be used in addition to the two-layer arrangement multifilament.
- the fineness of the synthetic fiber is as described above.
- Other properties are preferably at the same level as the two-layer array multifilament.
- the method for producing a multifilament is not particularly limited.
- a spin draw continuous spinning stretch device or a spinning device is used in the case of a polyamide multifilament or a polyester multifilament. It can be manufactured by carrying out in two steps using a stretching apparatus.
- the speed of the take-up godet roller is preferably set to 1500 m / min to 4000 m / min, and more preferably set to 2000 m / min to 3000 m / min. If the speed of the spinning take-up godet roller is within this range, the industrial productivity is good and the cost is advantageous.
- the woven structure of the high-density fabric is not particularly limited, and any structure such as a twill structure and a satin structure can be used in addition to the plain structure, but a plain weave is preferably used in order to suppress air permeability.
- a ripstop taffeta particularly a double lip, is suitable.
- the loom used for manufacturing the fabric is not particularly limited, and a water jet loom, an air jet loom, or a rapier loom can be used.
- the woven fabric is subjected to refining, relaxation, presetting, dyeing, finishing, etc. using a general thin fabric processing machine. At that time, it is preferable to perform calendering on at least one side of the fabric.
- the monofilaments are compressed and fixed in a two-layer arrangement on the surface on the calendering side, so that a fabric that is thin and compact but has low air permeability can be obtained.
- Calendering may be applied to only one side of the fabric (only one side is glossy) or to both sides (both sides are glossy). If you do not like such texture, it may become unpleasant touch as if the fabric sticks to the skin when it comes out, the texture becomes stiff, and the fabric peels away and becomes wet Is preferably applied to only one side. Note that the number of times of calendar processing is not particularly limited, and may be performed only once or a plurality of times as long as sufficient compression is possible.
- the calendering temperature is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher than the glass transition temperature of the material used. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 20 degreeC or more lower than melting
- the calendering temperature is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 80 ° C. or higher, more preferably 120 ° C. or higher than the glass transition temperature of the material used. Moreover, it is preferable that it is 20 degreeC or more lower than melting
- the calendering temperature is lower than the glass transition temperature + 80 ° C. of the material used, the degree of compression of the monofilament in the multifilament is weak and it becomes difficult to obtain a low air permeability fabric.
- the calendering temperature is preferably 130 ° C. to 200 ° C., more preferably 120 ° C. to 190 ° C.
- the calendering temperature is preferably 160 ° C. to 240 ° C.
- the calendering pressure is preferably 0.98 MPa (10 kgf / cm 2 ) or more, more preferably 1.96 MPa (20 kgf / cm 2 ) or more, and 5.88 MPa (60 kgf / cm 2 ) or less.
- the pressure is 4.90 MPa (50 kgf / cm 2 ) or less.
- the material of the calendar is not particularly limited, but one of the rolls is preferably made of metal.
- the metal roll can adjust its own temperature and can uniformly compress the dough surface.
- the other roll is not particularly limited, but an elastic roll such as a paper roll, a cotton roll, and a resin roll may be used in addition to the metal roll.
- nylon is preferably used as the surface material.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention may be used in combination with various functional processing such as water repellent treatment, coating processing, laminating processing, and soft finishing and resin processing for adjusting the texture and strength of the fabric.
- various functional processing such as water repellent treatment, coating processing, laminating processing, and soft finishing and resin processing for adjusting the texture and strength of the fabric.
- various functional processing such as water repellent treatment, coating processing, laminating processing, and soft finishing and resin processing for adjusting the texture and strength of the fabric.
- various functional processing such as water repellent treatment, coating processing, laminating processing, and soft finishing and resin processing for adjusting the texture and strength of the fabric.
- various functional processing such as water repellent treatment, coating processing, laminating processing, and soft finishing and resin processing for adjusting the texture and strength of the fabric.
- amino-modified silicone polyethylene-based, polyester-based, paraffin-based softener, etc.
- Post-processing such as flexible processing and silicone processing can be applied to the finish.
- various resins such as
- the total cover factor (CF) of the woven fabric is preferably 1700 or more, more preferably 1800 or more, preferably 2200 or less, and more preferably 2000 or less.
- CF total cover factor
- the total cover factor is less than 1700, a low-breathable fabric cannot be obtained.
- it exceeds 2200 the density of warp and weft will increase, and a light and soft fabric cannot be obtained.
- the total cover factor (CF) is calculated by the following formula.
- CF T ⁇ (DT) 1/2 + W ⁇ (DW) 1/2
- T and W indicate the warp density and weft density (2.54 cm / line) of the woven fabric
- DT and DW indicate the thickness (dtex) of the warp and the weft yarn constituting the woven fabric.
- the cover factor (CF A ) in at least one direction of the warp direction or the weft direction where the two-layered multifilament exists is preferably 700 or more, more preferably 750 or more, and 900 or less. It is preferable that it is preferably 880 or less. If the cover factor in at least one direction of the warp direction or the weft direction is within this range, the monofilaments can easily form a two-layer arrangement. On the other hand, if the cover factor in either the warp direction or the weft direction is higher than 900, the density increases, so that the monofilaments are arranged in three or more layers, and a thin and soft fabric cannot be obtained.
- the density is smaller than 700, the density becomes small, so it is necessary to make the monofilaments thin to increase the number of monofilaments in order to form a two-layer arrangement. As a result, spinning becomes difficult or due to external surface friction. The fabric may be disturbed.
- the cover factor (CF A ) is calculated by the following formula.
- CF A A ⁇ (DA) 1/2
- A indicates the warp density or weft density (2.5 / 2 cm) of the fabric
- DA indicates the thickness (dtex) of the warp or weft constituting the fabric.
- the basis weight of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 25 g / m 2 or more, preferably 60 g / m 2 or less, and 55 g / m 2 or less. It is more preferable.
- the basis weight of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 25 g / m 2 or more, preferably 60 g / m 2 or less, and 55 g / m 2 or less. It is more preferable.
- the basis weight of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 g / m 2 or more, more preferably 25 g / m 2 or more, preferably 60 g / m 2 or less, and 55 g / m 2 or less. It is more preferable.
- the basis weight of the woven fabric is less than 20 g / m 2 , the fabric is thin and light, but
- the tear strength of the fabric by the pendulum method is not particularly limited, but both the warp direction and the weft direction are preferably 8N or more, more preferably 10N or more, and even more preferably 12N or more. Further, it is preferably 50N or less, more preferably 40N or less, and further preferably 30N or less.
- the tear strength of the woven fabric is not particularly limited, but both the warp direction and the weft direction are preferably 8N or more, more preferably 10N or more, and even more preferably 12N or more. Further, it is preferably 50N or less, more preferably 40N or less, and further preferably 30N or less.
- the air permeability of the woven fabric according to JIS L 1096 8.27.1 according to the air permeability A method is preferably 1.5 cc / cm 2 / s or less at the initial value before washing. More preferably, it is 1.0 cc / cm 2 / s or less. If the air permeability before washing is 1.5 cc / cm 2 / s or less, a fabric excellent in down-proof property can be obtained.
- the air permeability after washing three fabrics were measured by the method is preferably not more than 2.0cc / cm 2 / s, more preferably not more than 1.5cc / cm 2 / s. If the air permeability after washing 3 times is 2.0 cc / cm 2 / s or less, the fabric that is being washed does not fall down and a fabric having excellent washing durability can be obtained. On the other hand, if the air permeability after 3 times of washing exceeds 2.0 cc / cm 2 / s, it is easy for a drop-out to occur, which may cause the quality of the down jacket or the like to be greatly reduced.
- the total fineness of the multifilament was determined by preparing three 100-m long multifilament casks, measuring the mass (g) of each, determining the average value, and multiplying by 100.
- the fineness of the monofilament was obtained by dividing the fineness of the multifilament by the number of filaments.
- a sample solution was prepared by dissolving the sample in 96.3 ⁇ 0.1% by mass of reagent-grade concentrated sulfuric acid so that the polymer concentration was 10 mg / ml.
- a drop time T 1 (second) of 20 ml of the prepared sample solution at a temperature of 20 ° C. ⁇ 0.05 ° C. and The drop time T0 (seconds) of 20 ml of reagent grade concentrated sulfuric acid of 96.3 ⁇ 0.1% by mass used for dissolving the sample was measured.
- the measuring method is the same as the above breaking strength, and is the average value of the elongation when it breaks.
- ⁇ Measurement method of overlapping state of monofilaments A sample for photographing a cross section in the warp direction or the weft direction of the fabric was set on the SEM sample stage by a normal method. At this time, in order to cut the cross section of the yarn vertically without disturbance, freeze the sample with liquid nitrogen, use a sharp safety razor, and use a ruler to insert the blade along the yarn. A cross section was cut out. For example, when photographing a warp section, a blade is inserted between the wefts along the wefts. After that, a cross-sectional photograph was taken with a SEM at a magnification (200 ⁇ magnification) such that about 15 to 20 multifilaments were easily visible in one field of view. Three photos were taken arbitrarily from different locations. Each photograph was observed, the number of multifilaments arranged in two layers was counted, and the overlapping state of monofilaments was judged according to the following criteria.
- the case where the ratio of the two-layer arrangement multifilament is 50% or more of the total number of multifilaments in the photograph is “two-layer”, and the ratio of the two-layer arrangement multifilament is less than 50% and the multi-filament having the three-layer arrangement or more.
- the case where the ratio is 50% or more is “three layers or more”, and the case where the ratio of the two-layer arrangement multifilament is less than 50% and the ratio of the one-layer arrangement multifilament is 50% or more is “one layer”. .
- CF T ⁇ (DT) 1/2 + W ⁇ (DW) 1/2
- T and W indicate the warp density and weft density (2.54 cm / line) of the woven fabric
- DT and DW indicate the thickness (dtex) of the warp and the weft yarn constituting the woven fabric.
- cover factor (CF A ) in either the warp direction or the weft direction of the fabric was calculated by the following formula.
- CF A A ⁇ (DA) 1/2
- A indicates the warp density or weft density (2.5 / 2 cm) of the fabric
- DA indicates the thickness (dtex) of the warp or weft constituting the fabric.
- ⁇ Tearing strength> The tear strength of the woven fabric was measured in both directions of the background in accordance with the tear strength D method (penjuram method) defined in JIS L 1096 8.15.5.
- Air permeability The air permeability of the woven fabric was measured according to the air permeability A method (Fragile form method) defined in JIS L 1096 8.27.1.
- washing-dehydration-drying was repeated three times in accordance with the F-2 method described in the dimensional change of the fabric of JIS L 1096 8.64.4.
- the drying method was line drying.
- the air permeability after 3 washes was measured by the above method to determine the washing durability.
- the texture of the fabric is a nylon 6 56T24F plain fabric (warp 130 / 2.54cm, weft 116 / 2.54cm) dyed and set as a blank, and five evaluators are selected and softer than the blank. Evaluation was made on a 5-point scale, with 5 points for feeling and 1 point for feeling close to a blank. The average score is shown in the table.
- Example 1 A nylon 6 polymer chip having a relative viscosity of 3.5 was melt-spun from a spinneret equipped with 20 discharge holes (nozzle diameter 0.22 ⁇ ) at a spinning temperature of 288 ° C. and a discharge rate of 9.44 g / min.
- the speed of the first godet roller and the speed of the second godet roller are each set to 3077 m / min, the winding speed is set to 3100 m / min, and a multi-fiber having a total fineness of 33.1 dtex composed of 20 monofilaments having a round cross section.
- a filament POY was obtained.
- the obtained POY was subjected to a T1 tension (twisting tension) of 12 gf with a TMT machine manufactured by TMT Machinery with a disk ratio of D / Y 1.55, a heater temperature of 180 ° C., and a urethane disk 1-7-1.
- a false twisted yarn of 22 dtex was produced under the conditions of false twist T2 tension (untwisting tension) of 12 gf, a processing speed of 450 m / min, and a draw ratio of 1.08.
- the obtained false twisted yarn was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the false twisted yarn was used for warp and weft, the warp density was set to 213 / 2.54 cm, the weft density was set to 173 / 2.54 cm, and a double lip structure was woven using a water jet loom.
- the obtained dough is scoured using an open soaper in accordance with a conventional method, preset using a pin tenter at 190 ° C. for 30 seconds, and acid dyed using a liquid dyeing machine (Hisaka Seisakusho: Circular NS). After dyeing blue, intermediate setting was performed at 180 ° C. for 30 seconds. Thereafter, calendering (cylinder processing, temperature 180 ° C., pressure 2.45 MPa (25 kgf / cm 2 ), speed 20 m / min) was performed twice on one side of the fabric, and then soft finishing was performed. The obtained woven fabric was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 Using a nylon 6 polymer chip with a relative viscosity of 2.5, spinning and false twisting were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spinning temperature was changed to 266 ° C. and the discharge rate was changed to 12.01 g / min, and 28 dtex, A 20 monofilament false twisted yarn was obtained. Next, weaving was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this false twisted yarn was used for warp and weft, the warp density was set to 200 / 2.54 cm, and the weft density was set to 153 / 2.54 cm. Processing was performed. The obtained false twisted yarn and woven fabric were evaluated by the above methods. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 Spinning and false twisting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the discharge rate at the time of spinning was changed to 4.72 g / min, and a false twisted yarn of 11 dtex and 20 monofilaments was obtained.
- Example 4 A nylon 6 polymer chip having a relative viscosity of 3.5 was melt-spun from a spinneret having 20 discharge holes (nozzle diameter 0.22 ⁇ ) at a spinning temperature of 288 ° C. and a discharge rate of 7.16 g / min.
- the speed of the first godet roller is 2000 m / min
- the speed of the second godet roller is 2500 m / min
- the speed of the third godet roller is 3400 m / min
- the temperature of the second godet roller is 160 ° C.
- the temperature of the third godet roller was set to 141 ° C.
- the winding speed was set to 3250 m / min
- a spin draw yarn having a total fineness of 22 dtex composed of 20 monofilaments having a round cross section was obtained.
- the obtained spin draw yarn was woven and processed in the same manner as in Example 1 without false twisting.
- the obtained spin draw yarn and fabric were evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 Except for changing the warp density to 250 yarns / 2.54 cm and the weft density to 178 yarns / 2.54 cm, the false twisted yarn of Example 1 was used for warp and weft yarns in the same manner as in Example 1. And processed. The obtained woven fabric was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 Except for changing the warp density to 173 yarns / 2.54 cm and changing the weft density to 213 yarns / 2.54 cm, the false twisted yarn of Example 1 was used for warp and weft yarns in the same manner as in Example 1. And processed. The obtained woven fabric was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Comparative Example 2 Spinning and false twisting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of discharge holes was changed to 48 to obtain 22 dtex, 48 monofilament false twisted yarn. Next, weaving and processing were performed in the same manner as in Example 1 using this false twisted yarn for warp and weft. The obtained false twisted yarn and woven fabric were evaluated by the above methods. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 Weaving and processing in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the warp density was changed to 240 yarns / 2.54 cm and the weft density was changed to 238 yarns / 2.54 cm, using the false twisted yarn produced in Example 1. Went. The obtained woven fabric was evaluated by the above method. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Comparative Example 4 Spinning and false twisting were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of discharge holes was changed to 7 and the discharge amount during spinning was 16.5 dtex POY, and false twisting of 11 dtex and 7 monofilaments was performed. I got a thread. Next, weaving in the same manner as in Example 1 except that this false twisted yarn was used for warp and weft, and the warp density was set to 300 / 2.54 cm and the weft density was set to 218 / 2.54 cm. Processing was performed. The obtained false twisted yarn and woven fabric were evaluated by the above methods. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the woven fabrics of Examples 1 to 6 had a thin and soft texture, had high tear strength, and were able to maintain low air permeability even after washing.
- the fabric of Example 1 using false twisted yarn has less deterioration in air permeability due to washing, although the fineness of the multifilament is the same as that of Example 4 using raw yarn. I understood.
- the high-density fabric of the present invention is lightweight, thin and has a very soft texture, has high tearing strength, and can maintain low air permeability even after washing, so downwear, down jackets, futons, It is suitably used for side areas such as sleeping bags.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献1には、平均繊度0.5デニール以下の単繊維より構成される紡績糸又は長繊維糸を用いた布団用側地が開示されている。この側地は、綿抜けがなく、風合いも柔らかで、ドレープ性に富み、良好な光沢を有する高級布団側地であった。しかし、単糸繊度が細い分、風合いが柔らかくなるが、構成繊維本数が多く、糸が太くなるため、生地が分厚くなり、軽さ、薄さとダウンプルーフ性とを兼ね備えたものではなかった。
特許文献2には、トータルカバーファクターが1500以上で目付が45g/m2以下であるポリエステル織物であって、トータル繊度25dtex以下、単糸繊度が2.0dtex以下のポリエステルマルチフィラメントA糸及びトータル繊度35dtex以上のマルチフィラメントB糸からなり、経方向、緯方向それぞれの糸配列は、B糸/A糸の糸構成比率が1/4~1/20(本数比)であり、A糸とB糸とのピッチが7mm以下であるポリエステル織物が提案されている。このポリエステル織物は、従来よりも極細のポリエステルマルチフィラメントを使用し、軽量、高密度で柔軟性を有しながら、同時に充分な引裂き強度を有するものであった。しかし、極細のポリエステルマルチフィラメントを用いているので柔らかくはなっているが、強力を高めるために35dtex以上の太繊度B糸を使用する必要があり、A糸/B糸の構成比率も限定されるという問題があった。
特許文献3には、単糸繊度0.6デニール以下、トータル繊度60~120デニールよりなるポリエステル長繊維糸条を用いた織物であって、経糸が捲縮加工糸からなり、経糸のトータル繊度(WD)、緯糸のトータル繊度(FD)および経糸カバーファクター(WCF)を特定の範囲に規定した高密度織物が開示されている。この高密度織物は、高い防水性能と縫製後の仕立て映えに優れ、かつ実用上問題ないレベルの引裂き強力を有するとともに、ソフトな風合いを有するものであった。しかし、この織物は、織物縫製時に縫針により織物構成糸が湾曲しても吊らないようにするため、60デニール以上の太繊度の仮撚加工糸を用いていることから、軽量・薄地で、柔らかく、かつダウンプルーフ性に優れた高密度織物を実現することはできなかった。
合成繊維の素材は、特に限定されないが、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステル類、ナイロン6、ナイロン66、ナイロン46、ナイロン12、ナイロン610、ナイロン612またはこれらの共重合体などのポリアミド類、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリビニルアルコールなどの合成ポリマーが挙げられる。中でも、ポリエステル類、ポリアミド類が好ましく用いられ、織物の風合いを柔らかくすることのできるナイロン6、ナイロン66が特に好ましい。
合成繊維の繊度は、28dtex以下であることが好ましく、22dtex以下であることがより好ましく、17dtex以下であることがさらに好ましい。また、6dtex以上であることが好ましく、8dtex以上であることがより好ましく、11dtex以上であることがさらに好ましい。合成繊維の繊度を前記範囲とすることで、適切な引裂き強力を有しながら、薄くてコンパクトな織物が得られる。一方、繊度が28dtexより大きいと、引裂き強力は大きいが、厚い生地となり、薄く柔らかい織物が得られない。また、繊度が6dtexより小さいと、薄くてコンパクトな織物が得られるが、引裂き強力が小さく、衣料に適さない場合がある。
本発明における「2層配列」とは、織物の経糸及び/または緯糸を構成するマルチフィラメントの断面において、複数のモノフィラメントが一列に連なって形成された第1層と、その上(厚み方向)にさらに同数のモノフィラメントが一列に連なって形成された第2層とからなる2層の重なり状態をいう。また、本発明において、単層および3層目以上を構成するモノフィラメント数が5本以下の場合も2層配列とする。例えば、単層および3層目を構成するモノフィラメント数が4本(単層:左端2本、右端1本;3層目:中央の1本)である図1の場合や、単層を構成するモノフィラメント数が3本(左側のマルチフィラメントおよび右側のマルチフィラメント:それぞれ左端の2本と右端の1本)である図2の場合、単層を構成するモノフィラメント数が4本(左端の2本と右端の2本)である図3の場合、単層および3層目を構成するモノフィラメント数が3本(単層:両端1本ずつの2本、3層目:中央の1本)である図4の場合なども、本発明の2層配列とする。
本発明における「1層配列」とは、織物の経糸及び/又は緯糸を構成するマルチフィラメントの断面において、マルチフィラメントを構成する全てのモノフィラメントが一列に連なった重なり状態(単層)をいう(図5、6)。
本発明における「3層配列」とは、織物の経糸及び/又は緯糸を構成するマルチフィラメントの断面において、複数のモノフィラメントが一列に連なって形成された第1層と、その上(厚み方向)にさらに複数のモノフィラメントが連なって重なるように形成された第2層と、第2層の上にさらにもう一層形成された第3層とからなる3層の重なり状態をいう(図7、8)。
本発明において、所望性能を満足する織物を提供するために、前記2層配列マルチフィラメントの割合は50%以上であることが好ましく、60%以上であることがより好ましく、70%以上であることがさらに好ましい。2層配列マルチフィラメントの割合が50%以上であれば、低通気性と薄さ、柔らかさとを兼ね備えた織物を得ることができる。一方、割合が50%未満では、得られる織物は低通気性と薄さのどちらかの特性を満足できないおそれがある。
2層配列マルチフィラメントの総繊度は、28dtex以下であることが好ましく、22dtex以下であることがより好ましく、11dtex以上であることが好ましく、17dtex以上であることがより好ましい。2層配列マルチフィラメントの総繊度を前記範囲とすることで、適切な引裂き強力を有しながら、薄く柔らかい織物を得ることができる。一方、総繊度が28dtexを超えると、織物の引裂き強力が高くなるものの、厚い織物となり、軽量・薄地で柔らかい織物が得られない。また、総繊度が11dtexより小さいと、軽量・薄地で柔らかい織物が得られるものの、織物の引裂き強力が不足となる場合がある。
2層配列マルチフィラメントの破断強度は特に限定されないが、4.0cN/dtex以上であることが好ましく、4.5cN/dtex以上であることがより好ましく、5.0cN/dtex以上であることがさらに好ましい。2層配列マルチフィラメントの破断強度が4.0cN/dtex以上であれば、細い糸を使った本発明の高密度織物に実用上の強力を持たせることができる。一方、破断強度が4.0cN/dtexより小さいと、衣料として十分な引裂き強力を有する織物が得られない場合がある。
2層配列マルチフィラメントの破断伸度も特に限定されないが、25%以上であることが好ましく、28%以上であることがより好ましく、50%以下であることが好ましく、48%以下であることがより好ましい。2層配列マルチフィラメントの破断伸度を前記範囲にしておくと、織物が引裂かれるときに、糸が適度に伸びることにより、引裂かれようとしている糸だけでなく、その隣の糸にも応力がかかり、またその隣の糸にも応力がかかり、というように引裂き時の応力が多くの糸に分散され、その結果、1本の糸にかかる応力が軽減され、織物の引裂き強力が向上すると考えられる。一方、破断伸度が25%より小さいと、作製した織物が引裂かれる時の応力が引裂かれようとしている1本の糸に集中しやすいため、織物の引裂き強力が小さくなる。また、破断伸度が50%よりも大きいと、製織の高速化、高密度化、低摩擦化に伴う張力変化や各種接糸部品との間の摩擦抵抗に原糸が追従できず、断糸の発生頻度が増加するおそれがある。しかも、様々な紡糸延伸条件を調整しても破断強度が低くなってしまい、織物にしたときの引裂き強力が低下するという問題が発生しやすいため、好ましくない。
2層配列マルチフィラメントの沸水収縮率、熱応力、複屈折率、太さ斑などは特に限定されない。また、仮撚加工糸、複合糸、タスラン加工糸などであっても構わないが、生糸や仮撚加工糸が好ましく、更に仮撚加工糸がより好ましい。これは、高密度で製品を仕上げたとき、生糸よりも仮撚加工糸を使用する方が、織物の風合いを柔らかく仕上げやすいためである。
前記仮撚加工糸としては、一般に用いられるピンタイプ、フリクションタイプ、ニップベルトタイプ、エア加撚タイプ等如何なる方法によるものでも良いが、生産性の観点からフリクションタイプが好ましい。
2層配列マルチフィラメントを構成するモノフィラメントの繊度は特に限定されないが、0.5dtex以上であることが好ましく、1.0dtex以上であることがより好ましく、2.0dtex以下であることが好ましく、1.5dtex以下であることがより好ましい。モノフィラメントの繊度を前記範囲とすることにより、柔らかい風合いを有しながら、適切な引裂き強力および低通気性を有する織物が得られる。一方、繊度が0.5dtexより小さいと、外部からの摩擦に弱くなりやすい。また、2層配列を形成させるためにモノフィラメント数をかなり多くする必要があり、紡糸が困難になり、操業しにくくなる場合がある。また、2.0dtexを超えると、柔らかい風合いや低通気性が得られにくい。
2層配列マルチフィラメントを構成するモノフィラメントの断面形状は特に限定されず、丸(楕円も含む)、三角、Y字型、十字型、W字型、V字型、∞型、歯車型、ハート型等が挙げられるが、強度の面からは丸断面が好適に用いられる。なお、丸断面のモノフィラメントを用いても、カレンダー加工後の断面形状は変形していることがある。
一本の2層配列マルチフィラメントにおけるモノフィラメント数は、12以上であることが好ましく、15以上であることがより好ましく、22以下であることが好ましく、20以下であることがより好ましい。モノフィラメント数を前記範囲とすることで、2層配列が形成しやすくなるため、薄さ、柔らかさを有しながら、洗濯後においても低通気性を維持できる織物が得られる。一方、モノフィラメント数を22より多くすると、前記総繊度を満足するためにモノフィラメントを細くしなければならないため、織物が外部からの摩擦に弱くなりやすい。また、12より小さくすると、1層配列が形成しやすいため、初期で低通気性が得られるとしても、洗濯後において低通気性を維持しにくい。
本発明において、マルチフィラメント(2層配列マルチフィラメントも含む)の製糸方法は特に限定されないが、例えば、ポリアミド系マルチフィラメントやポリエステル系マルチフィラメントでは、スピンドロー方式による紡糸延伸連続装置、または紡糸装置と延伸装置を用いて2工程で行うことによって製造可能である。スピンドロー方式の場合、紡糸引取りゴデットローラの速度を1500m/分~4000m/分に設定することが好ましく、2000m/分~3000m/分に設定することがより好ましい。紡糸引取りゴデットローラの速度がこの範囲であれば、工業生産性が良く、コスト的にも有利である。一方、1500m/分より小さいと、糸が未延伸糸状になり、巻取りが難しくなる。また、4000m/分を超えると、生産性は良くなるが、断糸や毛羽などが発生して操業性が悪くなるおそれがある。
本発明において、高密度織物の織組織は特に限定されず、平組織のほか綾組織、朱子組織など任意の組織を用いることができるが、通気度を抑えるために平織が好ましく用いられる。織物の引裂き強力を上げるためには、リップストップタフタ、特にダブルリップが好適である。
製織した織物は、一般的な薄地織物の加工機械を使って、精錬、リラックス、プリセット、染色、仕上げ加工等を行う。その際、織物の少なくとも片面にカレンダー加工を施すことが好適である。
本発明の高密度織物には、必要に応じて、撥水処理やコーティング加工、ラミネート加工等の各種機能加工や、風合いや織物の強力を調整するための柔軟仕上げや樹脂加工を併用することができる。例えば、柔軟剤として、アミノ変性シリコーンやポリエチレン系、ポリエステル系、パラフィン系柔軟剤等が使用できる。仕上げに柔軟加工、シリコーン加工等の後加工を付与することができる。樹脂加工剤としては、メラミン樹脂、グリオキザール樹脂、ウレタン系、アクリル系、ポリエステル系等の各種樹脂が使用できる。
本発明において、織物のトータルカバーファクター(CF)は、1700以上であることが好ましく、1800以上であることがより好ましく、2200以下であることが好ましく、2000以下であることがより好ましい。トータルカバーファクターを前記範囲にすることにより、適切な引裂き強力および低通気性を有する織物が得られる。一方、トータルカバーファクターが1700より小さいと、低通気性の織物が得られない。また、2200を超えると、経および緯の密度が大きくなるため、軽くて柔らかい織物が得られない。
CF=T×(DT)1/2+W×(DW)1/2
式中、TおよびWは織物の経密度および緯密度(本/2.54cm)を示し、DTおよびDWは織物を構成する経糸および緯糸の太さ(dtex)を示す。
CFA=A×(DA)1/2
式中、Aは織物の経密度または緯密度(本/2.54cm)を示し、DAは織物を構成する経糸または緯糸の太さ(dtex)を示す。
織物の目付は特に限定されないが、20g/m2以上であることが好ましく、25g/m2以上であることがより好ましく、60g/m2以下であることが好ましく、55g/m2以下であることがより好ましい。織物の目付を前記範囲にすることにより、軽量・薄地で低通気性を有する織物が得られる。一方、織物の目付が20g/m2より小さいと、薄くて軽い生地に仕上るが、低通気性を有する織物が得られにくい。また、60g/m2を超えると、低通気性が得られるが、厚い生地になりやすい。
織物のペンジュラム法による引裂き強力は特に限定されないが、経方向及び緯方向のいずれも、8N以上であることが好ましく、10N以上であることがより好ましく、12N以上であることがさらに好ましい。また、50N以下であることが好ましく、40N以下であることがより好ましく、30N以下であることがさらに好ましい。織物の引裂き強力を前記範囲にすることにより、軽量薄地で必要な引裂き強力を有する織物が得られる。一方、引裂き強力が8Nより小さいと、用途によっては織物の引裂き強力が不足する場合がある。また、50Nを超えると、繊度を大きくする必要があり、それに伴って生地が分厚く硬いものとなりやすいため好ましくない。
織物のJIS L 1096 8.27.1に規定されている通気性A法(フラジール形法)による通気度は、洗濯前の初期値で、1.5cc/cm2/s以下であることが好ましく、1.0cc/cm2/s以下であることがより好ましい。洗濯前の通気度が1.5cc/cm2/s以下であれば、ダウンプルーフ性に優れる織物が得られる。
マルチフィラメントの総繊度は、100m長のマルチフィラメントのカセを3つ作製し、各々の質量(g)を測定し、平均値を求め、100倍して求めた。モノフィラメントの繊度は、マルチフィラメントの繊度をフィラメント数で除したものとした。
極限粘度(IV)は、p-クロルフェノールとテトラクロルエタンからなる混合溶媒(p-クロルフェノール/テトラクロルエタン=75/25)を用い、30℃で測定した極限粘度〔η〕を、下記の式によりフェノールとテトラクロルエタンからなる混合溶媒(フェノール/テトラクロルエタン=60/40)の極限粘度(IV)に換算したものである。
IV=0.8325×〔η〕+0.005
96.3±0.1質量%の試薬特級濃硫酸中にポリマー濃度が10mg/mlになるように試料を溶解させてサンプル溶液を調製した。20℃±0.05℃の温度で水落下秒数が6から7秒のオストワルド粘度計を用い、20℃±0.05℃の温度で、調製したサンプル溶液20mlの落下時間T1(秒)及び試料を溶解するのに用いた96.3±0.1質量%の試薬特級濃硫酸20mlの落下時間T0(秒)を、それぞれ測定した。使用する素材の相対粘度(RV)は下記の式により算出した。
RV=T1/T0
インストロンジャパン社製の4301型万能材料試験機を用い、試料長:20cm、引張速度:20cm/分、繊度(デニール)に対し1/33(g)の荷重をかけ、測定を3回実施して、破断したときの強度の平均値を破断強度とした。
測定方法は上記破断強度と同様で、破断したときの伸度の平均値である。
仮撚加工糸の伸縮復元率(CR)は、JIS L 1013 8.12に規定されている伸縮復元率に準拠して測定した。
生地の経方向または緯方向の断面を撮影するための試料を通常の方法でSEM試料台にセットした。この時、垂直に乱れなく糸断面を切出すために、試料を液体窒素で冷凍した上で鋭利な安全カミソリを用い、定規を使って糸の間を糸に沿って刃を入れるように糸の断面を切出した。例えば、経糸断面を撮影する場合は、緯糸の間を緯糸に沿って刃を入れる。その後、SEMにて一視野に15~20本程度のマルチフィラメントが見やすく収まる程度の倍率(倍率200倍)で断面写真を撮影した。写真は異なる場所から3枚任意に撮った。各写真を観察して、2層配列になっているマルチフィラメントの本数を数えて、下記の基準によりモノフィラメントの重なり状態を判断した。
織物の目付は、JIS L 1096 8.4に規定されている単位面積あたりの質量に準拠して測定した。
織物のトータルカバーファクター(CF)は、下記式により計算した。
CF=T×(DT)1/2+W×(DW)1/2
式中、TおよびWは織物の経密度および緯密度(本/2.54cm)を示し、DTおよびDWは織物を構成する経糸および緯糸の太さ(dtex)を示す。
CFA=A×(DA)1/2
式中、Aは織物の経密度または緯密度(本/2.54cm)を示し、DAは織物を構成する経糸または緯糸の太さ(dtex)を示す。
織物の引裂き強力は、JIS L 1096 8.15.5に規定されている引裂強さD法(ペンジュラム法)に準拠して、経緯の両方向において測定した。
織物の通気度は、JIS L 1096 8.27.1に規定されている通気性A法(フラジール形法)に準拠して測定した。
織物の洗濯は、JIS L 1096 8.64.4の織物の寸法変化に記載されているF-2法に準拠して、洗濯-脱水-乾燥を3回繰り返した。乾燥方法はライン乾燥で行った。洗濯3回後の通気度は前記方法により測定し、洗濯耐久性とした。
織物の風合いは、ナイロン6の56T24Fの平織物(経130本/2.54cm・緯116本/2.54cm)を染色・セットしたものをブランクとして、評価人を5人選定し、ブランクより柔らかく感じるものを5点、ブランクに近い風合いを感じるものを1点とし、5段階で評価した。表には平均点を示した。
織物のピリングは、JIS L 1076 8.1のA法に規定されているピリング測定法に準拠して測定した。
相対粘度3.5のナイロン6ポリマーチップを、紡糸温度288℃、吐出量9.44g/分で、吐出孔(ノズル径0.22Φ)20個を備えた紡糸口金から溶融紡糸した。2つのゴデットローラのうち、第1ゴデットローラの速度と第2ゴデットローラの速度をそれぞれ3077m/分、巻き取りの速度を3100m/分に設定し、丸断面のモノフィラメント20本からなる総繊度33.1dtexのマルチフィラメントのPOYを得た。得られたPOYを、TMTマシナリー社のTMC機にて、ディスク比D/Y1.55、ヒーター温度180℃、ウレタンディスク1-7-1の構成で、仮撚のT1張力(加撚張力)12gf、仮撚のT2張力(解撚張力)12gf、加工スピード450m/分、延伸倍率1.08の条件で、22dtexの仮撚加工糸を作製した。得られた仮撚加工糸について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
相対粘度2.5のナイロン6ポリマーチップを用いて、紡糸温度を266℃、吐出量を12.01g/分と変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして紡糸および仮撚を行い、28dtex、20モノフィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。次に、この仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用い、経密度を200本/2.54cmに、緯密度を153本/2.54cmに設定した以外は、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた仮撚加工糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
紡糸時の吐出量を4.72g/分と変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして紡糸および仮撚を行い、11dtex、20モノフィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。次に、この仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用い、経密度を300本/2.54cmに、緯密度を218本/2.54cmに設定した以外は、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた仮撚加工糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
相対粘度3.5のナイロン6ポリマーチップを、紡糸温度288℃、吐出量7.16g/分で、吐出孔(ノズル径0.22Φ)20個を備えた紡糸口金から溶融紡糸した。3つのゴデットローラのうち、第1ゴデットローラの速度を2000m/分、第2のゴデットローラの速度を2500m/分、第3のゴデットローラの速度を3400m/分に、また、第2ゴデットローラの温度を160℃、第3ゴデットローラの温度を141℃に、巻き取りの速度を3250m/分に設定し、丸断面のモノフィラメント20本からなる総繊度22dtexのスピンドロー糸を得た。なお、得られたスピンドロー糸は仮撚を行わずに実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られたスピンドロー糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
経密度を250本/2.54cm、緯密度を178本/2.54cmに変更した以外は、実施例1の仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用いて、実施例1と同様にして製繊、加工を行った。得られた織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
経密度を173本/2.54cm、緯密度を213本/2.54cmに変更した以外は、実施例1の仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用いて、実施例1と同様にして製繊、加工を行った。得られた織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表1に示す。
吐出孔を24個に、紡糸時の吐出量を49.5dtexのPOYが得られるように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして紡糸および仮撚を行い、33dtex、24モノフィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。次に、この仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用い、製織時の経密度を186本/2.54cmに、緯密度を124本/2.54cmに設定した以外は、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた仮撚加工糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
吐出孔を48個に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして紡糸および仮撚を行い、22dtex、48モノフィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。次に、この仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用い、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた仮撚加工糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
経密度を240本/2.54cm、緯密度を238本/2.54cmに変更した以外は、実施例1で作製された仮撚加工糸を用いて、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
吐出孔を7個に、紡糸時の吐出量を16.5dtexのPOYが得られるように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして紡糸および仮撚を行い、11dtex、7モノフィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。次に、この仮撚加工糸を経糸及び緯糸に用い、経密度を300本/2.54cmに、緯密度を218本/2.54cmに設定した以外は、実施例1と同様にして製織、加工を行った。得られた仮撚加工糸および織物について前記方法で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
Claims (7)
- 繊度が28dtex以下の合成繊維で構成され、トータルカバーファクターが1700~2200の範囲にある織物であり、
経方向、緯方向の少なくとも一方向においてモノフィラメント同士が2層に配列されているマルチフィラメントが存在しており、かつこのマルチフィラメントが存在している経方向または緯方向の少なくとも一方向のカバーファクターが700~900の範囲にあることを特徴とする高密度織物。 - 前記マルチフィラメントの総繊度が11~28dtexであり、一本のマルチフィラメントにおけるモノフィラメント数が12~22である請求項1に記載の高密度織物。
- 前記マルチフィラメントが仮撚加工糸である請求項1または2に記載の高密度織物。
- 前記マルチフィラメントの破断強度が4.5cN/dtex以上である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の高密度織物。
- 前記マルチフィラメントの割合が50%以上である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の高密度織物。
- 少なくとも片面にカレンダー加工が施されたものである請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の高密度織物。
- JIS L 1096 8.27.1に規定の通気性A法により測定された洗濯3回後の通気度が2cc/cm2/s以下である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の高密度織物。
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- 2011-08-29 WO PCT/JP2011/069459 patent/WO2012032957A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2011-08-29 US US13/641,001 patent/US9670605B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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JPH04504740A (ja) * | 1989-09-19 | 1992-08-20 | ジェイ ダブリュー アイ リミテッド | 水切り織物 |
JP2006512513A (ja) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-04-13 | オルバニー インターナショナル コーポレイション | 製紙機械用の多層布 |
WO2005095690A1 (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Kb Seiren, Ltd. | ポリエステル織物 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102859056A (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
JP5620761B2 (ja) | 2014-11-05 |
US9670605B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
CN102859056B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
US20130035014A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 |
JP2012057265A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
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