WO2012003648A1 - 低游离mdi单体无溶剂双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
低游离mdi单体无溶剂双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012003648A1 WO2012003648A1 PCT/CN2010/075461 CN2010075461W WO2012003648A1 WO 2012003648 A1 WO2012003648 A1 WO 2012003648A1 CN 2010075461 W CN2010075461 W CN 2010075461W WO 2012003648 A1 WO2012003648 A1 WO 2012003648A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09J175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/09—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture
- C08G18/092—Processes comprising oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates involving reaction of a part of the isocyanate or isothiocyanate groups with each other in the reaction mixture oligomerisation to isocyanurate groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
Definitions
- the invention relates to a polyurethane adhesive, in particular to a low free MDI monomer two-component solventless polyurethane adhesive.
- the solvent-free composite technology fully meets the requirements of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving. It has the advantages of simple process flow, small equipment footprint, low raw material consumption, low energy consumption, low maintenance cost, high production speed, and no solvent residue in composite products. , will not cause damage to the safety of the use of the product. The risk of fires in the production process is greatly reduced and safer.
- the two-component solvent-free adhesive is applied in the absence of solvent, is not limited by the amount of solvent discharged, and is adapted to the national environmental protection requirements, and is increasingly valued and applied by the industry.
- MDI Diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- TDI Diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- the use of MDI instead of TDI to prepare polyurethane curing agent is a hot topic in the polyurethane industry in recent years.
- MDI has the advantages of large molecular weight, low volatility, small odor and low toxicity compared with TDI. It not only meets the requirements of environmental protection in today's society, but also contributes to the health of workers.
- the price of MDI is much lower, which is conducive to cost saving and competitiveness of products.
- the curing agent produced by MDI has better mechanical properties.
- a method of preparing a curing agent using MDI as a raw material is to react a mixture of MDI and a polyol to form a polyurethane prepolymer.
- the electron cloud density of the carbon atom on the NCO decreases, showing better electrophilicity and being more susceptible to attack by nucleophiles, so the NCO group has more
- the large reactivity is likely to cause problems such as large molecular weight and uneven distribution of the prepolymerization reaction product, high viscosity, and poor compatibility with the main agent.
- the commonly used method is to make MDI a large excess, such as controlling NCO: OH is 10:1, or even higher, and using low activity large molecular weight polyester polyol or polyether polyol and MDI prepolymerization
- the reaction product thus obtained contains a relatively high content of MDI free monomer, and the content of free MDI monomer is as high as 5-10%.
- Excessive free MDI monomer undergoes dimerization reaction, and insoluble matter is precipitated to make the product turbid.
- the migration of small molecules to the interface leads to a decrease in adhesion and the like. Therefore, the residual amount of MDI monomer should be minimized during the preparation process.
- the free MDI monomer needs to be removed by a complicated post-treatment process such as a scraper-type thin film evaporator, solvent-assisted distillation/co-distillation, molecular sieve, solvent extraction, and the like.
- the existing MDI removal method such as the residual gas of the US Gas Chemical Company patent (CN02105524.6), is removed by distillation, although a low free MDI single with a mass percentage of free MDI monomer of less than 2.5% can be prepared.
- the NCO mass percentage in this patent is only 0.5-8%. The lower NCO content may cause the adhesive to have slow curing speed, excessive viscosity and poor leveling during use.
- Preparation of low free MDI monomer solvent-free two-component polyurethane adhesive including preparation of A-component end OH polypolyol and preparation of B-component NCO polyurethane prepolymer, component A consisting of glycol and long carbon chain
- component A consisting of glycol and long carbon chain
- the aliphatic dibasic acid and/or the aromatic dibasic acid are obtained by esterification reaction
- the reaction is prepared, and the preparation of the component B includes the following steps:
- the preparation of component A includes the following steps:
- the glycol is preferably diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol or neopentyl glycol.
- the long carbon chain aliphatic dibasic acid is preferably sebacic acid, sebacic acid, or dimerized fatty acid; the aromatic dibasic acid includes isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and phthalic anhydride.
- the polyester polyol is preferably a poly(ethylene adipate), a polycarbonate polyol, or a polycaprolactone polyol.
- the molecular weight modifier is preferably diphenyldichlorosilane, ethylphenyldichlorosilane, di-n-octyldichlorosilane.
- the trimerization catalyst is an organic amine catalyst or an organic phosphine catalyst.
- the polymerization inhibitor is preferably phosphoric acid, benzoyl chloride or triphenyl phosphite.
- the preparation method of the method of the invention is simple, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
- the obtained polyurethane adhesive has low free amount of MDI monomer, fast curing speed, high solvent resistance and hydrolysis resistance, and superior performance; the solvent-free adhesives A and B components do not contain solvents, and meet environmental protection and energy saving requirements. Storage stability is good for transportation and use.
- the 1:1 (molar ratio) reaction is prepared, and the preparation of the B component includes the following steps:
- the preparation of component A includes the following steps:
- the diol is preferably diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol or neopentyl glycol, and the diol may be used singly or in combination.
- the long carbon chain aliphatic dibasic acid is preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dimer fatty acid, and the long carbon chain aliphatic dibasic acid may be used alone or in combination; the dimerized fatty acid is a complex component.
- the mixture, whose main component contains two carboxylic acid groups, is obtained by a cycloaddition reaction of an unsaturated fatty acid.
- the aromatic dibasic acid includes isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and phthalic anhydride, and the aromatic dibasic acid may be used singly or in combination.
- the vegetable oil-modified polyol is preferably an epoxidized soybean oil, a palm oil, a coconut oil or a castor oil-modified polyol, and the vegetable oil-modified polyol may be used singly or in combination.
- the polyester polyol is preferably a poly(ethylene adipate), a polycarbonate polyol or a polycaprolactone polyol, and the polyester polyol may be used singly or in combination.
- the molecular weight modifier is preferably diphenyldichlorosilane, ethylphenyldichlorosilane or di-n-octyldichlorosilane, either alone or in combination.
- the molecular weight modifier is preferably added in an amount of from 0.5 to 1.2% by mass of the MDI.
- the trimerization catalyst is an organic amine catalyst or an organic phosphine catalyst, including triethylene ethylene diamine, N, N dimethylbenzylamine, and tributylphosphine, and the amount thereof is preferably 0.01 to 0.05 ⁇ by mass of MDI.
- the polymerization inhibitor may be a common polymerization inhibitor such as phosphoric acid, benzoyl chloride or triphenyl phosphite, and the amount thereof is preferably 0.1 to 0.3 ⁇ by mass of the MDI.
- the component A may also be added with a curing regulator, which is an organic or organic acid salt having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably a carboxylic acid, a maleic acid, an organic zinc, an organotin carboxylate. It is a common knowledge of those skilled in the art to add different amounts of curing regulator according to specific needs.
- a curing regulator which is an organic or organic acid salt having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably a carboxylic acid, a maleic acid, an organic zinc, an organotin carboxylate.
- the obtained component A had a viscosity of 1180 mPa•s at 25 ° C and a hydroxyl value of 146 mg KOH/g.
- the obtained A component had a viscosity at 25 ° C of 1050 mPa ⁇ s and a hydroxyl value of 164 mg KOH/g.
- the components A and B were mixed uniformly, and then laminating. After 3 days, the T/peel strength of PVC/PVC was 5.88 N/mm; the T-peel strength of PVC/RB was 6.02. N/mm.
- the obtained component A had a viscosity of 850 mPa•s at 25 ° C and a hydroxyl value of 182 mg KOH/g.
- the components A and B were mixed uniformly, and then laminating. After 3 days, the T/peel strength of PVC/PVC was 4.89 N/mm; the T/peel strength of PVC/RB was 5.23. N/mm.
- the ratio of NCO/OH is at most 5.5, and in the conventional preparation method of the solvent-free adhesive end NCO polyurethane prepolymer, the ratio of NCO/OH is at least As for the preparation of the NCO polyurethane prepolymer of the present invention, the amount of MDI monomer added is much smaller than the conventional method. From the results of the above three examples, it can be seen that in the terminal NCO polyurethane prepolymer after the reaction, the MDI monomer free amount is only 2.3%, which is less than half of the conventional method.
- the polyurethane adhesive of the invention has low free amount of MDI monomer, good bonding performance, fast curing speed, high solvent resistance and hydrolysis resistance, and superior performance; the adhesives A and B components do not contain solvents, and are environmentally friendly. Energy-saving requirements; good storage stability, is conducive to transportation and use.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,A组分由二元醇和二元酸通过酯化反应得到,B组分由MDI单体、多元醇按NCO/OH=3~5.5:1(摩尔比)反应制得,B组分的制备包括将多元醇脱水至含水量(质量百分数)低于0.05%,加入MDI单体、分子量调节剂,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;加入三聚催化剂进行三聚反应直至三聚反应完全,终止反应,得到B组分。本发明方法制备工艺简单,生产成本低,制得的聚氨酯胶粘剂,MDI单体游离量低,固化速度快,耐溶剂性和耐水解性能高,性能优越;无溶剂胶黏剂中A、B组分中均不含溶剂,符合环保、节能要求;储存稳定性好,有利于运输及使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚氨酯胶粘剂,特别涉及一种低游离MDI单体双组份无溶剂聚氨酯胶粘剂。
背景技术
随着国家对环保要求的提高,对溶剂的排放量要逐渐限制,溶剂型胶粘剂的使用量要逐步减少。
无溶剂复合技术完全符合高效、环保、节能的要求,它有工艺流程简单,设备占地面积小,原料省,耗能少,维修费用低,生产速度高等技术优势,而且复合制品中无溶剂残留,不会对产品的使用安全性造成损害。其生产过程发生火灾等的风险大大降低,更为安全。双组分无溶剂型胶粘剂是在无溶剂的情况下涂布,不受溶剂排放量的限制,适应国家对环保的要求,越来越受到业内人士的重视和应用。
二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯简写为MDI,用MDI代替TDI制备聚氨酯固化剂是近年来聚氨酯行业研究的热点课题。这首先是因为MDI和TDI相比,具有分子量大,挥发性小,气味小,毒性小等优点,既满足了当今社会环保的要求,也有利于工人的健康。其次,MDI和TDI相比,价格要低很多,有利于节约成本,提高产品的竞争力,另外用MDI生产的固化剂具有更好的力学性能。
目前,用MDI为原料制备固化剂的方法是将MDI和多元醇混合物反应,生成聚氨酯预聚体。但是在MDI分子中,由于芳环的共轭结构影响,使得NCO上的碳原子电子云密度下降,显示出更好的亲电性,更容易受到亲核试剂的攻击,所以NCO基团具有更大的反应活性,极易导致预聚反应产物分子量大且分布不均,粘度大,与主剂互溶性差等问题。为解决这一问题,普遍采用的方法是让MDI大大过量,如控制NCO:OH为10:1,甚至更高,并采用低活性的大分子量聚酯多元醇或聚醚多元醇和MDI预聚反应,这样得到的反应产物含有较高含量的MDI游离单体,其游离的MDI单体含量高达5~10%,过多游离的MDI单体会发生二聚反应,生成不溶物析出,使产品浑浊,小分子单体向界面迁移导致粘合性下降等。因此,制备过程中应该尽量降低MDI单体的残留量。
游离的MDI单体需通过复杂的后处理工艺予以去除,如刮板式薄膜蒸发器,溶剂辅助蒸馏/共蒸馏、分子筛、溶剂萃取等。现有的MDI去除方法,如美国气体化学品公司的专利(CN02105524.6)反应残留的单体采用蒸馏的方法除去,虽然也能制备出游离MDI单体质量百分数小于2.5%的低游离MDI单体含量的聚氨酯预聚体。但该专利中NCO质量百分数只有0.5~8%,较低的NCO含量会导致胶黏剂在使用过程出现固化速度慢、粘度过大、流平性差等缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,包括A组分端OH聚多元醇的制备和B组分端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的制备,A组分由二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸通过酯化反应得到,B组分由MDI单体、植物油改性多元醇和/或聚酯多元醇按NCO/OH=3~5.5:1(摩尔比)反应制得,B组分的制备包括以下步骤:
1)
将植物油改性多元醇、聚酯多元醇脱水至多元醇体系含水量(质量百分数)低于0.05%,加入MDI单体、分子量调节剂,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;
2) 加入三聚催化剂继续保温进行反应,三聚反应完全后终止反应,得到B组分。
A组分的制备包括以下步骤:
1)
将二元醇与长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸混合,在130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的60~80%时,升温至200~220℃继续反应;
2) 当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸、芳香族二元酸的官能团摩尔比为OH/COOH=1.4~1.7/1.0。
二元醇优选为一缩二乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇。
长碳链脂肪族二元酸优选为壬二酸、癸二酸、二聚脂肪酸;芳香族二元酸包括间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、苯酐。
聚酯多元醇优选为聚已二酸二醇酯、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚已内酯多元醇。
分子量调节剂优选为二苯基二氯硅烷,乙基苯基二氯硅烷,二正辛基二氯硅烷。
三聚催化剂为有机胺类催化剂或有机膦类催化剂。
阻聚剂优选为磷酸、苯甲酰氯、亚磷酸三苯酯。
本发明方法制备工艺简单,大大降低了生产成本。制得的聚氨酯胶粘剂,MDI单体游离量低,固化速度快,耐溶剂性和耐水解性能高,性能优越;无溶剂胶黏剂中A、B组分均不含溶剂,符合环保、节能要求;储存稳定性好,有利于运输及使用。
具体实施方式
低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,包括A组分端OH聚多元醇的制备和B组分端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的制备,其特征在于:A组分由二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸通过酯化反应得到,B组分由MDI单体、植物油改性多元醇和/或聚酯多元醇按NCO/OH=3~5.5:1(摩尔比)反应制得,B组分的制备包括以下步骤:
1)
将植物油改性多元醇、聚酯多元醇脱水至多元醇体系含水量(质量百分数)低于0.05%,加入MDI单体、分子量调节剂,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;
2) 加入三聚催化剂继续保温进行反应,三聚反应完全后终止反应,得到B组分。
A组分的制备包括以下步骤:
1)
将二元醇与长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸混合,在130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的60~80%时,升温至200~220℃继续反应;
2) 当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸、芳香族二元酸的官能团摩尔比为OH/COOH=1.4~1.7/1.0。
二元醇优选为一缩二乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇,二元醇既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。
长碳链脂肪族二元酸优选为壬二酸、癸二酸、二聚脂肪酸,长碳链脂肪族二元酸既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用;二聚脂肪酸,是一种成分复杂的混合物,其主要成分含有两个羧酸基团,由不饱和脂肪酸通过环加成反应制得。
芳香族二元酸包括间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、苯酐,芳香族二元酸既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。
植物油改性多元醇优选为环氧大豆油、棕榈油、椰子油、蓖麻油改性多元醇,植物油改性多元醇既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。
聚酯多元醇优选为聚已二酸二醇酯、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚已内酯多元醇,聚酯多元醇既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。
分子量调节剂优选为二苯基二氯硅烷,乙基苯基二氯硅烷,二正辛基二氯硅烷,既可以单独使用,也可以混合使用。分子量调节剂的优选添加量为MDI质量的0.5~1.2%。
三聚催化剂为有机胺类催化剂或有机膦类催化剂,包括三亚乙烯二胺,N,N二甲基苄胺,三丁基膦,其用量优选为MDI质量的0.01~0.05‰。
阻聚剂可以为磷酸、苯甲酰氯、亚磷酸三苯酯等常用阻聚剂,其用量优选为MDI质量的0.1~0.3‰。
A组分还可以添加有固化调节剂,固化调节剂为含有2~8个碳原子的有机酸或有机酸盐,优选为柠檬酸、顺丁烯二酸和有机锌、有机锡的羧酸盐,根据具体的需要添加不同量的固化调节剂,是本领域技术人员的基本常识。
下面结合实施例,进一步说明本发明。
本发明实施例中所使用的各种原料,均为常规市售品种。
实施例1
A组分的制备:
1) 取106.1g一缩二乙二醇、177.05g新戊二醇、153.2g
1,4-丁二醇(共含4.4摩尔OH)加入反应釜中,加热至80~100℃,使二元醇完全溶化;
2) 加入43.2g
二聚脂肪酸、263.0g已二酸、232.5g对苯二甲酸(共含3.1摩尔COOH),微弱通氮气保护,升温至130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的60~80%后,升温至200~220℃继续反应;
3)
当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,停止通氮气,抽真空至真空度为0.266kPa,进行减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
得到的A组分25℃下的粘度为1180 mPa•s,羟值为146 mgKOH/g。
B组分的制备:
1)
取聚已二酸1,4丁二醇酯120g、蓖麻油改性多元醇80g(共含0.16摩尔OH)在120℃下脱水至体系含水量少于0.05%,按照NCO/OH=3:1加入129.9g
MDI单体、0.65g分子量调节剂二苯基二氯硅烷,升温至70~80℃,搅拌反应至体系内羟基反应完全;
2)
加入0.05g三聚催化剂N,N二甲基苄胺于70~80℃继续进行反应,当总NCO含量降至14.5%,三聚反应完全后,降温至40℃,加入0.0129g终止剂苯甲酰氯终止反应,得到B组分。
得到的B组分25℃下的粘度为2950mPa•s,NCO%=8.3%,游离MDI单体的含量为1.8%。
按官能团摩尔比NCO/OH=1.6:1,称取A、B组份混合均匀后,进行复膜,即将胶粘剂均匀涂布在聚氯乙烯(PVC)/
PVC、PVC/天然硫化橡胶(RB)两层基材之间,把复合基材在室温下放置3天后,测得PVC/PVC的T剥离强度为4.5N/mm;PVC/RB的T剥离强度为5.09N/mm。
实施例2
A组分的制备:
1) 取69.12g二聚脂肪酸、319.6g
壬二酸、124.59g间苯二甲酸、(共含2.8摩尔COOH)99.75g二甘醇、186.95g新戊二醇、151.40g
1,4-丁二醇(共含4.5摩尔OH)加入反应釜中,微弱通氮气保护,升温至130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的70~80%后,升温至200~220℃继续反应;
2)
当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,停止通氮气,抽真空至真空度为0.266kPa,进行减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
得到的A组分25℃下的粘度为1050mPa•s,羟值为164mgKOH/g。
B组分的制备:
1)
取含水量少于0.05%的分子量为1000的聚已内酯二醇120g、环氧大豆油改性多元醇60g(共含0.14摩尔OH),按照NCO/OH=4:1加入MDI单体145.04g、1.16g分子量调节剂乙基苯基二氯硅烷,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;
2)
加入0.072g三聚催化剂三丁基膦于70~80℃继续进行反应,当NCO基含量≤13.4%,三聚反应完全后,降温至40℃,加入0.03g终止剂苯甲酰氯终止反应,出料得到B组分。
得到的B组分25℃下的粘度为3580mPa•s,NCO%=10.34%,游离MDI单体的含量为2.0%。
按官能团摩尔比NCO/OH=1.7,称取A、B组份混合均匀后,进行复膜,放置3天后PVC/PVC的T剥离强度为5.88N/mm;PVC/RB的T剥离强度为6.02N/mm。
实施例3
A组分的制备:
1) 取0.12g二聚脂肪酸、343.82g 己二酸、93.02g
间苯二甲酸(共含2.56摩尔COOH)、127.34g二甘醇、151.02g新戊二醇、160.48g
1,4-丁二醇(共含4.35摩尔OH)加入到反应釜中,微弱通氮气保护,升温至130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的70~80%后,升温至200~220℃继续反应;
2)
当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,停止通氮气,抽真空至真空度为0.266kPa,进行减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
得到的A组分25℃下的粘度为850 mPa•s,羟值为182 mgKOH/g。
B组分的制备:
1)
取含水量少于0.05%的分子量为2000的聚碳酸酯二醇120g、环氧大豆油改性多元醇60g(共含0.12摩尔OH),按照NCO/OH=5.5:1加入MDI单体175.4g、2.15g的分子量调节剂乙基苯基二氯硅烷,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;
2)
加入0.018g三聚催化剂三丁基膦于70~80℃继续进行反应,当NCO基含量≤14.3%,三聚反应完全后,降温至40℃,加入0.052g终止剂苯甲酰氯终止反应,得到B组分。
B组分25℃下的粘度为3200mPa•s,NCO%=12.83%,游离MDI单体的含量为2.3%。
按官能团摩尔比NCO/OH=1.6,称取A、B组份混合均匀后,进行复膜,放置3天后PVC/PVC的T剥离强度为4.89N/mm;PVC/RB的T剥离强度为5.23N/mm。
本发明B组分端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的制备过程中,NCO/OH的比值最大仅为5.5,而无溶剂胶黏剂端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的传统制备方法中,NCO/OH的比值至少为10,本发明端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的制备过程中,MDI单体的添加量远小于传统方法。由以上3个实施例的检测结果可知,反应后的端NCO聚氨酯预聚体中,无需进一步处理,MDI单体游离量最高仅为2.3%,不到常规方法一半。
本发明的聚氨酯胶粘剂,MDI单体游离量低,粘结性能好,固化速度快,耐溶剂性和耐水解性能高,性能优越;胶黏剂A、B组分中均不含溶剂,符合环保、节能要求;储存稳定性好,有利于运输及使用。
Claims (10)
- 低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,包括A组分端OH聚多元醇的制备和B组分端NCO聚氨酯预聚体的制备,其特征在于:A组分由二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸通过酯化反应得到,B组分由MDI单体、植物油改性多元醇和/或聚酯多元醇按NCO/OH=3~5.5:1(摩尔比)反应制得,B组分的制备包括以下步骤:1) 将植物油改性多元醇、聚酯多元醇脱水至多元醇体系中含水量(质量百分数)低于0.05%,加入MDI单体、分子量调节剂,升温至70~80℃反应至体系内羟基反应完全;2) 加入三聚催化剂继续保温进行反应,三聚反应完全后终止反应,得到B组分。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:聚酯多元醇包括聚已二酸二醇酯、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚已内酯多元醇。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:分子量调节剂的用量为MDI质量的0.5~1.2%。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:分子量调节剂包括二苯基二氯硅烷、乙基苯基二氯硅烷、二正辛基二氯硅烷。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:三聚催化剂为有机胺或有机膦。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:二元醇和长碳链脂肪族二元酸、芳香族二元酸的官能团摩尔比为OH/COOH=1.4~1.7/1.0。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:二元醇包括一缩二乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:长碳链脂肪族二元酸包括壬二酸、癸二酸、二聚脂肪酸。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:芳香族二元酸包括间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、苯酐。
- 根据权利要求1所述的低游离MDI单体无溶剂双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂的制备方法,其特征在于:A组分的制备包括以下步骤:将二元醇与长碳链脂肪族二元酸和/或芳香族二元酸混合,在130~160℃进行酯化反应,当体系出水量达到酯化反应理论出水值的60~80%时,升温至200~220℃继续反应;当酸值降至15mgKOH/g以下,减压酯化至酸值<1.0mgKOH/g,降温出料得到A组分。
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CN116716075B (zh) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-12-08 | 广东中粘新材料科技有限公司 | 一种无溶剂环保型改性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
CN116445123A (zh) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-18 | 山东凯恩新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高粘双组份胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
CN116445123B (zh) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-08-22 | 山东凯恩新材料科技有限公司 | 一种高粘双组份胶黏剂及其制备方法 |
CN117925172A (zh) * | 2024-02-05 | 2024-04-26 | 上海惊叹化学有限公司 | 一种耐温湿的聚氨酯粘合剂、制备方法及其应用 |
CN118406222A (zh) * | 2024-07-03 | 2024-07-30 | 上海联景高分子材料有限公司 | 一种生物基聚酯多元醇及其制备方法、应用 |
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CN101880516B (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
CN101880516A (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
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