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Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel fused pyrimidine derivative having an inhibitory activity for tyrosine kinases, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising same as an active ingredient.
• Protein tyrosine kinases play important roles in such cellular regulation (Irena Melnikova and James Golden, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery 3, 993, 2004), and their abnormal expression or mutation has been observed in cancer cells or autoimmune diseases.
• the protein tyrosine kinase is an enzyme which catalyzes the transportation of phosphate groups from ATP to tyrosines located on protein substrates.
• Many growth factor receptor proteins function as tyrosine kinases to transport cellular signals.
• the interaction between growth factors and their receptors normally controls the cellular growth, but abnormal signal transduction caused by the mutation or overexpression of any of the receptors often induces various cancers or autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
• EGFR epidermal growth factors
• EGFR EGF receptor
• EGFR tyrosine kinases are classified based on their structural differences into four subtypes, i.e., EGFR (Erb-Bl), Erb-B2, Erb-B3 and Erb-B4, and it is known that EGFR activating mutations, such as L858R point mutation in exon 21 and in-frame deletions in exon 19 of the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain, are the important cause of non-small cell lung cancer.
• Gefitinib (AstraZeneca) was initially developed as a small molecule for the inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinases, which selectively and reversibly inhibits EGFR (Erb-Bl). Erlotinib (Roche) has also similar characteristics. These EGFR-targeted drugs are efficacious for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and provide therapeutic convenience for patients with EGFR activating mutations.
• NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer
• irreversible inhibitors to target for EGFR are more beneficial in securing excellent efficacy and overcoming the resistance development, as compared to the conventional reversible inhibitors such as Gefitinib and Erlotinib (Danan Li et al., Cancer Cell 12, 81, 2007; and Anja Michalczyk et al., Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 16, 3482, 2008).
• irreversible inhibitors such as BIBW-2992 (Afatinib, Boeringer Ingelheim) (C H Mom et al., British Journal of Cancer 98, 80, 2007), PF00299804 (Dacomitinib, Pfizer) (Engelman JA, et al., Cancer Res. 67, 11924, 2007), and AV-412 (AVEO Pharmaceuticals) (Tsuyoshi Suzuki et al., Cancer Sci. 98(12), 1977, 2007) have been developed and are currently in the clinical stage.
• the compounds have been known to form a covalent bond with Cystein773 (Cys773) positioned at an ATP domain of EGFR, thereby irreversibly blocking the autophosphorylation of EGFR and thus efficiently inhibiting the signal transduction of cancer cells (David W. Fry et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95, 12022, 1998), and exhibit higher inhibitory activities compared to the reversible inhibitors commercially available as dual inhibitors of EGFR/HER-2, or pan-HER inhibitors in in vitro activities and in various in vivo models of carcinomas (Jeff B. Smaill et al., J. Med. Chem. 42, 1803, 1999).
• the compounds may cause serious side effects such as skin rashes, diarrhea and weight loss due to high activities to EGFR WT (wild type) present in normal cells, when they are administered in a dose sufficient to overcome the resistance induced by EGFR T790M mutations, and this has been limited their clinical application, (Martin L. Sos, et al., Cancer Res. 70, 868, 2010).
• B-lymphocytes B-lymphocytes
• T-lymphocytes T-lymphocytes
• aberrant signaling can induce deregulated B-cell proliferation and differentiation to cause all sorts of lymphoma including various acute or chronic lymphoid leukemia and can cause formation of autoantibodies that lead to multiple inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases and/or immunity mediated diseases.
• BTK Bruton's tyrosine kinase
• BCR B-cell receptor
• BTK-deficient mice are resistant to collagen-induced arthritis and BTK inhibitors have been demonstrated dose- dependent efficacies in a mouse model of arthritis (Jansson and Holmdahl, Clin. Exp. Immunol. 94, 459, 1993; Pan et al., Chem. Med Chem. 2, 58, 2007).
• effective BTK inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
• BTK is also expressed by cells other than B-cells that may be involved in disease processes, i.e., bone marrow-derived mast cells. It has been reported that the antigen-induced degranulation is suppressed in BTK- deficient bone marrow-derived mast cells (Iwaki et al., J. Biol. Chem. 280, 40261, 2005). This shows that BTK could be useful to treat pathological mast cell responses such as allergy and asthma.
• monocytes in which BTK activity is absent, showed decreased TNF-a production following stimulation (Horwood et al. J Exp Med. 197, 1603, 2003). Therefore, TNF-a mediated inflammation could be modulated by BTK inhibitors.
• BTK has been reported to play a role in apoptosis as some of regulators (Islam and Smith, Immunol. Rev. 178, 49, 2000).
• BTK inhibitors would be useful for the treatment of certain B-cell lymphomas and leukemias (Feldhahn et al., J. Exp. Med. 201, 1837, 2005).
• T-cells play a role in transmitting signals delivered through the T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface from antigen presenting cells into downstream effectors by the activation of intercellular various kinases such as janus kinases. At this time, they secrete various interleukin (IL) or interferon- ⁇ to activate various leukocytes as well as the B-cells.
• IL interleukin
• Protein kinases involved in signal transduction in T-cells are Janus kinases (JAK) such as JAKl, JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2, IL-2 inducible T-cell kinases (ITK), and TEC family of kinases such as resting lymphocyte kinases (RLK).
• JAK3 Janus kinases involving JAK3 have been widely investigated as a target for autoimmune and/or inflammatory diseases.
• JAK3 unlike JAK2 involved in hematosis and erythrocyte homeostasis or JAKl expressed in various tissues, JAK3 is expressed in lymphocytes and plays a very important role in signal transduction via various cytokines, i.e., IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9 and IL-15, which is more attractive (Flanagan et al, Journal of medicinal Chemistry, 53, 8468, 2010).
• JAK3 plays a role in the maturation of B-cells and T-cells as well as in maintaining T-cell functions.
• JAK3 inhibitors may be useful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, Type I diabetes and complications from diabetes, cancer, asthma, autoimmune thyroid disorders, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, Alzheimer's disease, leukemia, and other indications where immunosuppression would be desirable, such as organ transplants or xeno transplantation (Pesu M, Laurence A, Kishore N, et al., Immunol Rev 223, 132, 2008.; Kawahara A, Minami Y, Miyazaki T, et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92, 8724, 1995; Nosaka T, van Deursen JMA, Tripp RA, et al., Science 270, 800, 1995; Papageorgiou Ac, Wikman LEK., et al., Trends Pharm Sci 25, 558, 2004).
• ITK-deficient mice immune symptoms of allergic asthma were attenuated and lung inflammation, eosinophil infiltration, and mucous production in response to challenge with the allergen ovalbumin were drastically reduced (Muller et al., Journal of Immunology 170, 5056, 2003). This shows that ITK inhibitors would be useful in the treatment of asthma.
• ITK has also been implicated in atopic dermatitis. This gene has been reported to be more highly expressed in peripheral blood T-cells from patients with severe atopic dermatitis, compared with controls or patients with mild atopic dermatitis (Matsumoto et al., International archives of Allergy and Immunology 129, 327, 2002).
• RLK functions to activate the secretion of IL-2 which is produced by signal transduction of T-cell receptors of splenocytes.
• the inhibition of RLK may reduce various responses by T-cells (Schaeffer et al., Nature Immunology 2, 1183, 2001; Schaeffer et al., Science 284, 638, 1999).
• BMX bone marrow tyrosine kinase
• a compound for effectively inhibiting the kinases may be useful as a therapeutic agent for various inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, and immunity mediated diseases.
• a compound for inhibiting BTK involved in B-cell activation inducing B-cell lymphoma, and BMX involved in metastasis of cancer cells may be useful as an anticancer or antitumor agent.
• EGFR irreversible inhibitors which form a covalent bond with Cystein773 (Cys773) positioned at an ATP domain of EGFR, may show inhibitory effects on the activities of TEC family of kinases such as BTK, ITK, RLK and BMX in which cysteine is present in a same position of the amino acid sequence, as well as kinases such as JAK3 or BLK (Wooyoung Hur, et al., Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18, 5916, 2008), there has been no developed for a compound which can inhibit irreversibly, selectively and effectively variant EGFR, BTK, JAK3 , ITK, RLK, BMX and/or BLK.
• EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
• TEC family kinases e.g. BTK, ITK, BMX or RLK
• janus kinases e.g. JAK3
• W is O or S
• X is O, NH, S, SO or SO 2 ;
• Y is hydrogen atom, halogen atom, C ⁇ alkyl or C ⁇ alkoxy
• a and B are each independently hydrogen atom, halogen atom, or di(Ci_ 6 alkyl)aminomethyl;
• Z is aryl or heteroaryl having one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxy, nitro, cyano, Q. 6 alkyl, C ⁇ alkoxy, C ⁇ alkylcarbonyl, C 1-6 alkoxycarbonyl, di(C 1-6 alkyl)aminoC 2- 6 alkoxycarbonyl, amino, Q . 6 alkylam.no, di(C 1 . 6 alkyl)amino, carbamoyl, C . 6 alkylcarbamoyl, di(Ci. 6 alkyl)carbamoyl, di(Ci_ 6 alkyl)aminoC 2 .
• 6 alky 1, di(C ⁇ alky phosphony 1C ⁇ . 6 alkyl, hydroxyC 2 . 6 alkoxy, C 1 . 6 alkoxyC 2 - 6 alkoxy, aminoQ ⁇ alkyl, C].
• 6 alky laminoC i . 6 alky 1, di(C i . 6 alkyl)aminoC i. 6 alky 1, di(C i. 6 alky l)aminoacety 1, aminoC 2 . 6 alkoxy, C i ⁇ alky laminoC 2 . 6 alkoxy, di(C . 6 allcy l)aminoC 2 _ 6 alkoxy, hydroxyC 2 .
• the aryl refers to a C 6 _i 2 cyclic or bicyclic aromatic ring
• heteroaryls each independently refer to a 5- to 12-membered cyclic or bicyclic aromatic hetero ring having one or more N, O or S;
• the heterocycles each independently refer to a saturated or partially unsaturated 3- to 12-membered cyclic or bicyclic hetero ring having one or more N, O, S, SO or SO 2 , in which a carbon atom forming the heterocycle optionally has one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C 1-6 alkyl, hydroxy, hydroxyCi -6 alkyl, hydroxycarbonyl, C 1 . 6 alkoxy, amino, Q. 6 alkylamino, diCC ⁇ alky ⁇ amino, di(Ci.6alkyl)aminoC 1-6 alkyl, di(C ! .
• heterocycle optionally comprises a nitrogen atom
• the nitrogen atom optionally has a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom, C h alky 1, monohalogenoCi. 6 alkyl,
• trihalogenoC 1-6 alkyl C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl, hydroxyC 2-6 alkyl, C 1 . 6 alkoxyC 2 . 6 alkyl, Ci. 6 alkylcarbonyl, hydroxyCi. 6 alkylcarbonyl, C 1-6 alkoxy carbonyl, carbamoyl, Ci_ 6 alkylcarbamoyl, d ⁇ C ⁇ alky ⁇ carbamoyl, sulfamoyl, C ⁇ alkylsulfamoyl, di(Ci. 6 alkyl)sulfamoyl, C 1-6 alkylsulfonyl, aminoC 2-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkylaminoC 2 .
• the Ci. 6 alkyl is partially unsaturated or has a C 3-6 cycloalkyl moiety, and a carbon atom in the heterocycle exists in a carbonyl form.
• a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases which comprises the compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• Fig. 1 size change of tumors by oral administration of the compound obtained in Example 2 in nude mice xenografted with NCI-H1975 cancer cells;
• Fig. 2 body- weight change by oral administration of the compound obtained in Example 2 in nude mice xenografted with NCI-H1975 cancer cells;
• Fig. 3 change in an arthritis clinical score by oral administration of the compound obtained in Example 1 in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model.
• CIA collagen-induced arthritis
• Z include substituents selected from the group consisting of formulae Zl to Z203, but are not limited thereto:
• A, B, W, X, Y and Z have the same meanings as defined above;
• R is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl
• N' is nitro, or amine protected with reri-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc).
• a compound of formula (VIII) is subjected to a condensation reaction with urea in an organic solvent (e.g., N,N- dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N-methylpyrrolidone) at a temperature ranging from reflux temperature to 200°C; or with potassium cyanate under an acidic condition such as 6% to 50% of aqueous acetic acid at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 100°C, to obtain a condensed compound of formula (VII).
• an organic solvent e.g., N,N- dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N-methylpyrrolidone
• potassium cyanate under an acidic condition such as 6% to 50% of aqueous acetic acid at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 100°C, to obtain a condensed compound of formula (VII).
• the compound of formula (VII) thus obtained is refluxed with stirring in the presence of a chlorinating agent (e.g., phosphorus oxychloride or thionyl chloride) to obtain a chlorinated compound of formula (VI), followed by a reaction in an organic solvent (e.g., dimethylsulfoxide, NN-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, acetonitriie, tetrahydroiuran, 1,4-dioxane, toluene or benzene) in the presence of an inorganic base (e.g., cesium carbonate, sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate) at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 100°C, inducing the substitution at the C-4 position of the compound of formula (VI) with aniline, phenol or thiophenol derivative of formula (V), to obtain a compound of formula (IV).
• a chlorinating agent e.g.,
• the compound of formula (IV) is reacted with Z-NH 2 in an alcohol solution (e.g., 2-propanol or 2-butanol) in the presence of an inorganic acid (e.g., hydrochloric acid) or organic acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid) at a temperature ranging from 70°C to reflux temperature; or with Z-NH 2 in an organic solvent (e.g., 1,4-dioxane) in the presence of a palladium catalyst (e.g., palladium (II) acetate or tris(dibenzylidenacetone)dipalladium(0), and in the presence of a ligand (e.g., bis(diphenylphosphino)(Xanthene)(Xantphos) or 2,2'- bis(disphenylphosphino)-l,l'-binaphthyl (BINAP)) and an inorganic base (e.g., cesium carbonate or sodium
• the compound of formula (III) in which N' is nitro group is subjected to a hydrogenation using a palladium/carbon catalyst, or a reduction reaction mediated with Fe, to obtain an aniline compound of formula (II) whose a nitro group is substituted with an amino group.
• the compound of formula (III) in which N' is amine group protected with feri-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc) is subjected to a reaction with an acid (e.g., trifluoroacetic acid or hydrochloric acid) in an organic solvent (e.g., methylene chloride), to obtain a deprotected aniline compound of formula (II).
• the aniline compound of formula (II) is subjected to a reaction with an acryloyl chloride substituted with A and B, in an organic solvent (e.g., methylene chloride or tetrohydrofuran) or a mixed solvent such as 50% aqueous tetrahydrofuran in the presence of an inorganic base (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) or organic base (e.g., triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine) at a low temperature ranging from -10°C to 10°C; or with acrylic acid substituted with A and B, in pyridine using a coupling agent (e.g., l-ethyl-3-(3- dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDCI) or 2-(lH-7-azabenzotriazol-l-yl)- 1, 1,3,3-tetramethyl uronium hexafluoro phosphate methaneaminium (
• an organic solvent
• the compound of formula (I) of the present invention may also be prepared in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt formed with an inorganic or organic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, mandelic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, palmitic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, benzoic acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, cinnamic acid, salicylic acid, methanesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid and toluenesulfonic acid.
• an inorganic or organic acid such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic
• the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the present invention may be prepared by conventional methods, for example, by dissolving the compound of formula (I) in a water-miscible organic solvent such as acetone, methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile, adding thereto an excess amount of an organic acid or an aqueous solution of inorganic acid, to induce precipitation of salts from the resulting mixture, removing the solvent and remaining free acid therefrom, and isolating the precipitated salts.
• a water-miscible organic solvent such as acetone, methanol, ethanol and acetonitrile
• inventive compound of formula (I) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may include a hydrate and a solvate thereof.
• the present invention provides a use of the inventive compound for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing or treating cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases.
• the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases which comprises the inventive compound as an active ingredient.
• the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases, which comprises administering the inventive compound to a mammal in need thereof.
• the inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof selectively and effectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells induced by an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase or a mutant thereof as well as the resistance against drugs. Accordingly, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cancers or tumors induced by an EGFR tyrosine kinase or a mutant thereof which comprises the compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
• EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor
• cancers or tumors may include, but are not limited to, liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, testicular cancer, bone cancer, oral cancer, basal cell carcinoma, ovarian cancer, brain tumor, gallbladder carcinoma, biliary tract cancer, head and neck cancer, colorectal cancer, vesical carcinoma, tongue cancer, esophageal cancer, glioma, glioblastoma, renal cancer, malignant melanoma, gastric cancer, breast cancer, sarcoma, pharynx carcinoma, uterine cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, skin cancer, and other solid cancer.
• inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can provide enhanced anticancer effects when it is administered in combination with another anticancer agent for treating cancers or tumors.
• anticancer agent for treating cancers or tumors may include, but are not limited to, cell signal transduction inhibitors (e.g., imatinib, gefitinib, bortezomib, erlotinib, sorafenib, sunitinib, dasatinib, vorinostat, lapatinib, temsirolimus, nilotinib, everolimus, pazopanib, trastuzumab, bevacizumab, cetuximab, ranibizumab, pegaptanib, panitumumab and the like), mitosis inhibitors (e.g., paclitaxel, vincristine, vinblastine and the like), alkylating agents (e.g., cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, chromabucil, carmustine and the like), anti-metabolites (e.g., methotrexate, 5-FU and the
• inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof selectively and effectively inhibits Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), janus kinase 3 (JAK3), interleukin-2 inducing T-cell kinase (ITK), resting lymphocyte kinase (RLK), and bone marrow tyrosine kinase (BMX), which are mainly expressed in abnormally activated B-lymphocytes and/or T-lymphocytes.
• BTK Bruton's tyrosine kinase
• JAK3 janus kinase 3
• ITK interleukin-2 inducing T-cell kinase
• RTK resting lymphocyte kinase
• BMX bone marrow tyrosine kinase
• the inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can treat or prevent cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases or immunologically mediated diseases caused by the abnormally activated B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes or both. Therefore, the present invention also provides a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing cancers, tumors, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases which comprises the compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient.
• inflammatory diseases may include, but are not limited to, arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, gouty arthritis, osteoarthritis, juvenile arthritis, other arthritic condition, lupus, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), skin-related disease, psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, pain, pulmonary disorder, lung inflammation, adult respiratoty distress syndrome (ARDS), pulmonary sarcoidosis, chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, artherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, cardiac reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowl disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowl syndrome, asthma, Sjogren syndrome, autoimmunity thyroid disease, urticaria (cnidosis), multiple sclerosis,
• inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can provide enhanced therapeutic effects when it is administered in combination with another therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases.
• the therapeutic agent for treating the inflammatory diseases, autoimmune diseases, or immunologically mediated diseases may include, but are not limited to, steroid drugs (e.g., prednisone, prednisolone, methyl prednisolone, cortisone, hydroxycortisone, betametasone, dexametasone and the like), methotrexates, leflunomides, anti-TNFa agents (e.g., etanercept, infliximab, adalimunab and the like), calcineurin inhibitors (e.g., tacrolimus, pimecrolimus and the like) and antihistaminic drugs (e.g., diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, loratadine, ebastine, ketotifen, cetirizine, levocetirizine, fexofenadine and the like), and at least one therapeutic agent selected therefrom may be included in the inventive pharmaceutical composition.
• the inventive compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof may be administered orally or parenterally as an active ingredient in an effective amount ranging from about 0.1 to 2,000 mg/kg, preferably 1 to 1,000 mg/kg body weight per a day in case of mammals including human (of approximately 70 kg body weight) in a single to 4 divided doses per a day, or on/off schedules.
• the dosage of the active ingredient may be adjusted in light of various relevant factors such as the condition of the subject to be treated, type and seriousness of illness, administration rate, and opinion of doctor. In certain cases, an amount less than the above dosage may be suitable. An amount greater than the above dosage may be used unless it causes deleterious side effects and such amount can be administered in divided doses per day.
• inventive pharmaceutical composition may be formulated in accordance with any of the conventional methods in the form of tablet, granule, powder, capsule, syrup, emulsion or microemulsion for oral administration, or for parenteral administration including intramuscular, intravenous and subcutaneous routes.
• the inventive pharmaceutical composition for oral administration may be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a carrier such as cellulose, calcium silicate, corn starch, lactose, sucrose, dextrose, calcium phosphate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, gelatin, talc, surfactant, suspension agent, emulsifier and diluent.
• a carrier such as cellulose, calcium silicate, corn starch, lactose, sucrose, dextrose, calcium phosphate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, gelatin, talc, surfactant, suspension agent, emulsifier and diluent.
• a carrier such as cellulose, calcium silicate, corn starch, lactose, sucrose, dextrose, calcium phosphate, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, gelatin, talc, surfactant, suspension agent, emulsifier and diluent.
• Step 1 The compound (3.2 g, 19.4 mmol) obtained in Step 1 was dissolved in phosphorous oxy chloride (12 mL) and refluxed with stirring for 3 hours at 200 °C. After the reaction was complete, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and added dropwise to 4 °C distilled water with stirring vigorously. The resulting solid was filtered under a reduced pressure with washing using distilled water, and the resulting solid was dried under a reduced pressure to obtain the title compound (yield: 2.9 g, 73.3 %).
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except for using various amine derivatives represented by Z-NH 2 (Z is the same as defined above) instead of 4-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)benzeneamine in Step 4 to prepare the compounds of Examples 2 to 156 which are shown in Tables la to lv below.
• Example 157 Preparation of 7Y-(3-(2-(4-(4-methyl-4-oxy-piperaziii-l-yl)- phenylamino)-thieno[3,2- ⁇ /]pyrimidine-4-yIoxy)-phenyl)-acrylamide
• Example 158 Preparation of iV-(3-(2-(4-(piperazin-l-yi)phenylamino)- thieno [3,2-d] py rimidine-4-y loxy)-pheny l)-acry lamide
• Step 4 of Example 1 The procedure of Step 4 of Example 1 was repeated except for using tert-bu y ⁇ 4-(4-aminophenyl)piperazin-l-carboxylate instead of 4-(4- methylpiperazin-l-yl)benzeneamine to obtain the title compound (yield: 610 mg,
• Example 158 The procedure of Example 158 was repeated except for using ieri-butyl 4-(4-amino-2-chlorophenyl)piperazin-l-carboxylate or [l-(4- aminophenyl)cyclopropyl]carbamic acid feri-butyl ester instead of tert-bu yl 4- (4-aminophenyl)piperazin-l-carboxylate in Step 4, to prepare the compounds of Examples 159 and 160 which are shown in Table 2 below.
• Example 161 The procedure of Example 161 was repeated except for using trans-3- chloroacrylic acid and (£)-4-(dimethylamino)-2-butenoic acid to prepare the compounds of Examples 162 and 163 which are shown in Table 3 below.
• Example 164 A similar procedure as the procedure of Example 164 was carried out except for using 2-fluoro-5-nitrophenol and 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol, to obtain compounds of Example 165 and Example 166, respectively.
• step 5) and 6) of Example 1 were repeated sequentially except for using the compound obtained in the step 1) (1.35 mmol), instead of N-(4-(4-methylpiperazin- 1 -yl)phenyl)-4-(3-nitrophenoxy)thieno[3 ,2- d]pyrimidin-2-amine, to obtain 50 mg of the title compound (final yield: 34 %).
• Example 167 or a similar procedure was repeated except for using various amine derivatives of Z-NH 2 (Z has the same meaning as defined in the present invention), instead of 5-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)piridin- 2-amine in step 1) of Example 167, to obtain the title compounds of Examples 168 to 205 as shown in Tables 5a to 5f.
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except for using 3- nitrobenzeneamine (0.05 mmol), instead of 3-nitrophenol in step 3) of Example 1, to obtain 5 mg of the title compound (final yield: 55 %).
• Example 206 The procedure of Example 206 or a similar procedure was repeated except for using various amine derivatives of Z-NH 2 (Z has the same meaning as defined in the present invention), instead of 5-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)piridin- 2-amine in Example 1, to obtain the title compounds of Examples 207 to 217 as shown in Tables 6a and 6b.
• Example 218 Preparation of A ⁇ -(4-fluoro-3-(2-(4-(4-methyl-piperazin-l-yl)- phenylamino -thieno[3,2-i Ipyrimidin-4-ylamino)-phenyl)-acrylamide
• Step P Preparation of N-(4-fluoro-3-nitro-phenyl)-acrylamide 2 g (12.81 mmol) of 4-fluoro-3-nitroaniline and 3.2 g (38.43 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate were diluted in 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 5 mL of distilled water, and 1.14 mL (14.09 mmol) of acryloyl chloride was slowly added thereto at 0 ° C , and stirred for 1 hour. Upon the completion of the reaction, the resulting mixture was diluted with ethylacetate and washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 , and filtered and distilled under a reduced pressure to obtain 2 g of the title compound (yield: 74 %).
• Step 4) Preparation of N-(4-fluoro-3-(2-(4-(4-methyl-piperazin-l-yn- phenylamino -thieno 3,2- ⁇ lpyrimidin-4-ylamino -phenyl)-acrylamide 100 mg (0.30 mmol) of the compound obtained in the Step 3) was dissolved in 3 ml of 2-butanol, and 55 mg (0.28 mmol) of 4-(4-methylpiperazin- l-yl)benzeneamine and 42 ⁇ (0.57 mmol) of trifluoroacetic acid were added thereto, and stirred for 5 hours at 100 ° C .
• Example 218 A similar procedure as the procedure of Step 4) of Example 218 was carried out except for using 3-fluoro-4-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)anilline (0.03 mmol), instead of 4-(4-methylpiperazin-l-yl)benzeneamine in the Step 4) of Example 218, to obtain 8 mg of the title compound (final yield: 50%).
• Example 220 Preparation of A ⁇ (3-(2-(4-dimethylaminomethyl- phenylamino)-thieno[3,2- ⁇ ]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-phenyl)-acrylamide
• Example 218 A procedure similar to the procedure of the Step 4) of Example 218 was carried out except for using 0.67 g (1.94 mmol) of N-(3-(2-chloro-thieno[3,2- d]pyrimidin-4-ylamino)phenyl)acrylamide obtained in Step 1) to 3) of Example 218 and 0.29 g (1.94 mmol) of 4-((dimethylamino)methyl)anilline to obtain 0.69 g of the title compounds (yield: 80 %).
• Example 220 A procedure similar to the procedure of Example 220 was carried out except for using 4-(piperidin-l-yl)methylphenylamine and 2-methoxy-4- (piperidin-l-yl)methylphenylamine to obtain the title compounds of Examples 221 and 222 as shown in Table 7.
• Example 228 or a similar procedure was repeated except for using various amine derivatives of Z-NH 2 (Z has the same meaning as defined in the present invention), instead of 4-(4-methylpiperazin-l- yl)benzeneamine in step 2) of Example 228, to obtain the title compounds of Examples 229 to 237 as shown in Tables 9a and 9b.
• Preparation Example 1 Tablets for oral administration comprising each of the compounds of formula (I) obtained in Examples 1 to 237 as an active ingredient were prepared by the conventional method based on the recipe of Table 10.
• Hard gelatin capsules for oral administration comprising each of the compounds of formula (I) obtained in Examples 1 to 237 as an active ingredient were prepared by the conventional method based on the recipe of Table 11.
• Injection formulations comprising each of the compounds of formula (I) obtained in Examples 1 to 237 as an active ingredient were prepared by the conventional method based on the recipe of Table 12, wherein when a salt of the compound of formula (I) was used, the pH value was not manipulated.
• Injection formulations comprising each of the compounds of formula (I) obtained in Examples 1 to 237 as an active ingredient were prepared by the conventional method based on the recipe of Table 13.
• Test Example 1 Inhibition test for growth of cancer cell expressing EGFR
• the inhibiting test of the inventive compounds on the cancer cell growth was conducted in A431 (ATCC CRL-1555), HCC827 (ATCC CRL- 2868) and NCI-H1975 (ATCC CRL-5908) cell lines.
• A431 cell line was incubated in a high-glucose DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco BRL), and HCC827 and NCI-H1975 cell lines were incubated in an RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin and 1% sodium pyruvate.
• DMEM Dynamic Eagle's Medium
• FBS fetal bovine serum
• Gabco BRL penicillin/streptomycin
• the cancer cell lines stored in a liquid nitrogen tank were each quickly thawed at 37°C, and centrifuged to remove the medium.
• the resulting cell pellet was mixed with a culture medium, incubated in a culture flask at 37°C under 5% CO 2 for 2 to 3 days, and the medium was removed.
• the remaining cells were washed with DPBS (Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline) and separated from the flask by using Tripsin-EDTA.
• the separated cells were diluted with a culture medium to a concentration of 1 X 10 5 A431 cells/ml, except that in case of HCC827 and NCI-H1975 cells, the dilution was carried out to 5 X 10 4 cells/ml.
• NCI-H1975 cells were starved in a RPMI- 1640 medium containing 0.1% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin to maximize the reacting activities of the cell on the test compounds on the following day.
• the compounds obtained in Examples 1 to 237 were each dissolved in 99.5% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to a concentration of 25 mM.
• DMSO dimethylsulfoxide
• 1% HC1 was added thereto and treated in a 40°C water bath for 30 mins until a complete dissolution was attained.
• the DMSO solution containing test compound was diluted with a culture medium to a final concentration of 100 ⁇ , and then diluted 10 times serially to 10 "6 ⁇ (a final concentration of DMSO was less than 1%).
• the medium was removed from each well of the 96-well plate. And then, 100 ⁇ of a test compound solution was added to each well holding the cultured cells, and the plate was incubated at 37°C under 5% CO 2 for 72 hours (except that NCI-H1975 cells were incubated for 48 hours). After removing the medium from the plate, 50 ⁇ of 10% trichloroacetic acid was added to each well, and the plate was kept at 4°C for 1 hour to fix the cells to the bottom of the plate.
• GI 50 the concentration at which 50% inhibition occurs, was evaluated based on the difference between the final density of the test cells and the initial density of the cells incubated in a well not-treated with the test compound which was regarded as 100%.
• the calculation of GI 50 and the result analysis were carried out by using Microsoft Excel, and the results are shown in Tables 14a to 14f.
• A means that GI 50 ⁇ 50 nM
• B means that GI 50 is 50-100 nM
• C means that GI 50 is 100- 1 ,000 nM
• D means that GI 50 > 1 ,000 nM.
• such irreversible inhibitor having the quinazoline structure may cause serious adverse side effects (e.g., diarrhea, skin rash and weight loss) when treated in an amount for inhibiting EGFR T790M, and therefore, there still has been a need to develop a safe drug for overcoming the problems of the resistance development of EGFR T790M.
• the inventive compounds showed a highly improved inhibition activity against EGFR mutants including EGFR T790M, with no inhibition activity against EGFR WT expressed in normal cell, which suggests that the inventive compounds can be used as more effective and safe anticancer drugs to NSCLC patients.
• Test Example 2 Inhibition test for activities of EGFR WT and L858R/T790M kinase
• the inhibiting activities of the inventive compounds obtained in Examples 1 to 237 against EGFR WT and EGFR L858R/T790M kinase were determined using z-lyte kinase assay kit (Invitrogen, PV3191). The kinases used in the test were purchased from Invitrogen.
• the compounds obtained in Examples 1 to 237 were each prepared to 10 mM DMSO solution, and a solution containing 4% DMSO were prepared therefrom and diluted to a concentration of 1 ⁇ to 0.0001 ⁇ . Then, an approximate Kd value of each kinase was calculated, and diluted using a kinase buffer (50 mM HEPES (PH 7.4), 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EGTA and 0.01% BRIJ- 35) to 1 to 100 ng/assay concentration. The test was conducted in a 384 well polystyrene flat-bottomed plates.
• a kinase buffer 50 mM HEPES (PH 7.4), 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EGTA and 0.01% BRIJ- 35
• the inhibiting activity of the test compounds against the kinases was determined as a phosphorylation percentage (%) compared with control group, according to the kit protocol, and measured for IC 50 , the concentration of x-axis at which 50% inhibition was observed.
• the calculation of IC 5 o and the result analysis were carried out by using Microsoft Excel. The results are shown in Table 15. Wherein, A means that IC 50 ⁇ 50 nM, B means that IC 50 is 50-100 nM, C means that IC 50 is 100-1,000 nM, and D means that IC 50 > 1 ,000 nM.
• the inventive compounds are effective and safe drug employable to NSCLC patients by showing an effectively excellent inhibition activity against EGFR mutants including EGFR T790M with no inhibition activity against EGFR WT expressed in normal cell.
• Test Example 3 Inhibition test for activities of BTK and JAK3 kinase
• Test Example 4 Inhibition test for activities of BMX, ITX and RLK kinases
• Example 1 The compound obtained in Example 1 was measured for its inhibitory activity on TEC family kinases, i.e., BMX, ITK, TEX and RLK. The measurement was carried out in the same process as in Example 2, except for using BMX, ITK, TEC and RLK enzymes (Invitrogen) instead of EGFR enzyme.
• BMX, ITK, TEC and RLK enzymes Invitrogen
• Table 17 The results are shown in Table 17.
• TEC family kinases such as BTK, BMX, ITK, and RLK kinases
• Test Example 5 Anticancer efficacy test in nude mice xenografted with NCI- H1975 cancer cells
• Example 2 The compound according to the present invention (Example 2) was tested for its anticancer effect and toxicity in nude mice xenografted with NCI-H1975 cancer cells which shows resistance to Erlotinib previously approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, due to the acquisition of EGFR T790M point mutation.
• BIBW2992 Boehringer Ingelheim
• NCI-H1975 cell lung cancer cell
• ATCC American Type Culture Collection
• a tumor in the sixth generation isolated from an individual was cut into a size of 30 mg, and transplanted subcutaneously into right flanks of mice using a 12-gauge trocar.
• the volume of tumor (V) is calculated from following equation 1 after measuring a long diameter (L) and a short diameter (S) using a vernier caliper twice a week for 18 days of test. All test materials were orally administered one time a day for total 10 days, and the tumor growth inhibition rate (IR: tumor growth inhibition rate (%) calculated based on a vehicle-treated control) and the maximum body weight loss (mBWL: maximum body weight loss calculated based on the body weight just before administration) were calculated using following equations 2 and 3. The results are shown in Table 6 and Figs. 1 and 2.
• V L x S 2 /2 wherein, L is a long diameter and S is a short diameter.
• IR (%) (1-(RTG of the treatment group of test material)/(RTG of the control group)) ⁇ 100
• RTG is a relative tumor growth, which is the mean tumor volume on a particular day based on daily mean tumor volume.
• mBWL (%) (l-(mean body weight on day x / mean body weight just before administration)) ⁇ 100
• day x is a day on which the body weight loss is largest during the test.
• the compound of the present invention did not inhibit EGFR WT and exhibited an excellent activity on EGFR mutant specific to non-small cell lung cancer (active mutant: EGFR DelR746_A750, EGFR L858R; acquired mutation: EGFR T790M).
• active mutant EGFR DelR746_A750, EGFR L858R; acquired mutation: EGFR T790M.
• the CIA model is a widely used, representative autoimmune arthritis model, arthritis of which is induced by injecting a mixture of type II collagen and an immunologic adjuvant to a specific mouse strain having major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II with H-2 q or H-2 r and thus CD4+ T cells and B-cells specifically responsive to the type II collagen are abnormally activated.
• MHC major histocompatability complex
• mice Male DBA/IJ mice (8 weeks old) were first immunized by intradermal injection of 0.7 mL of a suspension liquid in which an equal volume of 2 mg/mL of type II collagen is emulsified in 4 mg/mL of complete Freund's adjuvant supplemented with bacteria tuberculosis. After 21 days, the mice were second immunized by the injection as above, except for using a suspension liquid in which an equal volume of 2 mg/mL of type II collagen is emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant containing no bacteria tuberculosis. After 1 week of second immunization, mice were evaluated for clinical scores based on Table 10 and seven animals were grouped such that the average of experimental group is between 1 and 2.
• Test samples and vehicle of given concentrations were orally administered in an amount of 10 mL per body weight for 14 days everyday by using a Sonde.
• the clinical scores of arthritis (David D Brand et al., Nature Protocol. 2(5), 1269, 2007) were evaluated three times a day.
• Example 1 reduced edema and flare until the last day (14 days) of the test in 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg groups compared to a control group, and significantly reduced edema, inflammation and flare in a 30 mg/kg group (Fig. 3).
• the compound according to the present invention inhibited the activities of BTK and JAK3 kinases, and the inhibitions reduced edema, inflammation and flare as well as anti-collagen antibody values in a CIA model of autoimmune arthritis, compared to a control group, and also reduced the formation of pannus in histopathologic testing.
• the above results in a rodent model of arthritis suggest that the compound according to the present invention may provide clinical effects for patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
• the compound according to the present invention significantly reduced the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and TNF-a in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mouse splenocytes abundant in T- lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, Cytes and macrophages after treatment of phorbol- 12-myristate- 13 -acetate (PMA), phytohemagglutinin (PHA), lonomycin, and others which stimulate lymphocytes, compared to a control group.
• PMA phorbol- 12-myristate- 13 -acetate
• PHA phytohemagglutinin
• lonomycin lonomycin

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