WO2011135949A1 - シリコンウェーハの研磨方法およびその研磨液 - Google Patents
シリコンウェーハの研磨方法およびその研磨液 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011135949A1 WO2011135949A1 PCT/JP2011/056881 JP2011056881W WO2011135949A1 WO 2011135949 A1 WO2011135949 A1 WO 2011135949A1 JP 2011056881 W JP2011056881 W JP 2011056881W WO 2011135949 A1 WO2011135949 A1 WO 2011135949A1
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- Prior art keywords
- polishing
- silicon wafer
- aqueous solution
- alkaline aqueous
- soluble polymer
- Prior art date
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 501
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 299
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
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- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 52
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007518 final polishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001189642 Theroa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02002—Preparing wafers
- H01L21/02005—Preparing bulk and homogeneous wafers
- H01L21/02008—Multistep processes
- H01L21/0201—Specific process step
- H01L21/02024—Mirror polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/042—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor
- B24B37/044—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor characterised by the composition of the lapping agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/07—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool
- B24B37/08—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces characterised by the movement of the work or lapping tool for double side lapping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/24—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
- B24B37/245—Pads with fixed abrasives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/27—Work carriers
- B24B37/28—Work carriers for double side lapping of plane surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
Definitions
- the present invention provides a polishing method for a silicon wafer and its polishing liquid, more specifically, a silicon wafer and a polishing cloth, while supplying the polishing liquid, so that the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth are rotated relative to each other to be a surface to be polished.
- the present invention relates to a silicon wafer polishing method for polishing at least the surface and a polishing liquid thereof.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- a silicon wafer and a polishing cloth are relatively rotated while supplying a polishing liquid containing free abrasive grains such as silica particles in an alkaline aqueous solution.
- CMP Chemical Mechanical Polishing
- the CMP treatment of the silicon wafer is usually performed through a plurality of stages from rough polishing to final polishing.
- Rough polishing at the initial stage is performed for the purpose of polishing a silicon wafer to a desired thickness, and polishing is performed under a relatively high polishing rate using a hard polishing cloth such as polyurethane, and silicon after polishing Polishing is performed so that variation in wafer thickness is small and flattened.
- the polishing process may be performed while changing the type of polishing cloth and the size of the free abrasive grains and dividing the polishing amount (removal allowance) of the silicon wafer into a plurality of steps (for example, 1 to 3 steps). is there.
- Final finish polishing is aimed at improving the roughness of the silicon wafer surface, using a soft abrasive cloth such as suede and fine sized loose abrasives to form silicon such as nanotopography and haze. Polishing is performed so as to reduce the variation in minute surface roughness on the wafer surface. As in the rough polishing process, the final polishing process may be performed in multiple stages while changing the type of abrasive cloth and the size of the free abrasive grains.
- Patent Document 1 As a conventional technique for solving this problem, for example, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. This is composed of an aqueous alkaline solution containing a water-soluble silicic acid component and an alkaline component and having a pH of 8.5 to 13, and uses a polishing liquid substantially free of free abrasive grains to polish the surface of a silicon wafer. is there. In this way, since free abrasive grains are not used, processing damage on the surface of the silicon wafer is reduced.
- the silicic acid molecules bind to the silicon atoms on the wafer surface bonded to the hydroxyl groups to form condensed silicic acid and promote the elution of silicon atoms into the alkaline aqueous solution, so that the polishing rate is also increased.
- ROA Roll Off Amount
- a virtual reference plane is obtained from the wafer shape at a position 124 to 135 mm (Reference area) from the center of a wafer where a silicon wafer having a diameter of 300 mm is considered to be flat. Is defined as the height from the reference plane at the position of. At this time, if the height of the reference plane is 0, and the shape extends from the wafer edge to the outer edge, the amount of displacement is-(roll-off), and if the shape is flipped up, the value is + (Roll up). Moreover, it is evaluated that the flatness is higher near the outermost periphery as the absolute value of roll-off and roll-up is smaller.
- the polishing liquid is a silicon wafer during the polishing process. It flows from the outer periphery of the center toward the center. Therefore, an alkaline aqueous solution having more etching action contacts the outer peripheral portion than the wafer central portion.
- the polishing rate from the outer periphery of the silicon wafer to 3 mm is high, and the roll-off control is performed in an area of 3 mm or less from the outer periphery of the wafer, as in the case of CMP using a polishing liquid containing free abrasive grains.
- the silicic acid component in the polishing liquid may gel, which functions as free abrasive grains in the colloidal silica, and may cause processing damage and processing-related defects. there were.
- the inventor used a hard polishing cloth such as polyurethane in rough polishing of the surface of a silicon wafer, and added a polishing liquid in which a water-soluble polymer was added to an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains.
- a hard polishing cloth such as polyurethane
- a polishing liquid in which a water-soluble polymer was added to an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains.
- the present invention provides a silicon wafer polishing method and polishing liquid capable of polishing the surface to be polished of a silicon wafer at a high polishing rate and controlling the flatness of the outer peripheral portion of the wafer including roll-off and roll-up.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth are relatively rotated while supplying a polishing liquid obtained by adding a water-soluble polymer to an alkaline aqueous solution not containing loose abrasive grains to a hard polishing cloth.
- a method of polishing a silicon wafer wherein rough polishing is performed on at least a surface to be polished among the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer, and after the rough polishing, at least the surface of the silicon wafer is subjected to finish polishing. It is.
- the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth are relatively rotated to perform rough polishing on at least the surface to be polished among the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer, and after the rough polishing,
- the rough polishing is performed for the first stage in which a water-soluble polymer is added to an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains.
- This is divided into second-stage polishing performed while supplying the cloth, and the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the second-stage polishing liquid is higher than the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the first-stage polishing liquid. Polished silicon wafer It is the law.
- the water-soluble polymer is one or more of nonionic polymers and monomers, or one or more of anionic polymers and monomers.
- the invention according to claim 4 is the method for polishing a silicon wafer according to claim 3, wherein the water-soluble polymer is hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- the invention according to claim 5 is the silicon wafer polishing method according to claim 4, wherein the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose in the polishing liquid is 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm.
- the alkaline aqueous solution is adjusted to pH 8 to pH 13, and the alkaline aqueous solution is added with any one of a basic ammonium salt, a basic potassium salt, and a basic sodium salt as an alkaline agent.
- the aqueous solution is an alkaline aqueous solution, an alkaline carbonate aqueous solution, or an alkaline aqueous solution to which an amine is added.
- the invention according to claim 7 is the method for polishing a silicon wafer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polishing cloth is made of a nonwoven fabric made of polyester or made of polyurethane.
- a carrier plate for storing a silicon wafer in the rough polishing, a carrier plate for storing a silicon wafer, an upper surface plate in which the carrier plate is sandwiched from above and below and the polishing cloth is pasted on a lower surface, and the upper surface plate on the upper surface.
- the invention according to claim 9 is the silicon wafer polishing method according to claim 8, wherein the polishing is performed so that the thickness of the silicon wafer after the rough polishing is larger than the thickness of the carrier plate.
- the invention according to claim 10 is a polishing liquid used for rough polishing at least the surface to be polished among the front and back surfaces of a silicon wafer, and is mainly composed of an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains, A polishing liquid in which a water-soluble polymer is added to an alkaline aqueous solution.
- the invention according to claim 11 is an alkaline aqueous solution in which the alkaline aqueous solution is adjusted to pH 8 to pH 13, and any one of a basic ammonium salt, a basic potassium salt, and a basic sodium salt is added as an alkaline agent, or An aqueous alkali carbonate solution or an alkaline aqueous solution to which an amine is added, wherein the water-soluble polymer is one or more of nonionic polymers and monomers, or one of anionic polymers and monomers or The polishing liquid according to claim 10, which is a plurality of types.
- the invention according to claim 12 is the polishing liquid according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the water-soluble polymer is hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- the invention according to claim 13 is the polishing liquid according to claim 12, wherein the concentration of the hydroxyethyl cellulose in the alkaline aqueous solution is adjusted to a concentration range of 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm.
- the wafer outer periphery roll-off is reduced, and the wafer outer peripheral flatness including roll-off and roll-up ( ROA) can be controlled.
- ROA roll-off and roll-up
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sun gearless double-side polishing apparatus used in a silicon wafer polishing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the non-sun gear type double-side polish apparatus used for the silicon wafer grinding
- Example 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose added to the polishing liquid and the polishing rate of the silicon wafer in the method for polishing a silicon wafer according to Example 1 of the present invention. It is a graph which shows the outer peripheral part shape of the silicon wafer according to the addition amount of water-soluble polymer in the silicon wafer tertiary-polished by the silicon wafer grinding
- polishing method of Example 2 which concerns on this invention.
- Double-side polishing equipment 11 Silicon wafer, 15 Abrasive cloth, 110 carrier plate, 120 Upper surface plate, 130 Lower surface plate.
- the method for polishing a silicon wafer according to the present invention is a method in which a silicon wafer and a polishing cloth are relatively moved while supplying a polishing liquid obtained by adding a water-soluble polymer to an alkaline aqueous solution not containing free abrasive grains to a hard polishing cloth. Rotating to perform rough polishing on at least the surface to be polished among the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer, and polishing the silicon wafer after the rough polishing, and finish-polishing at least the rough polished surface of the silicon wafer Is the method.
- the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth are relatively rotated to perform rough polishing on at least the surface to be polished among the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer,
- the rough polishing is performed by adding a water-soluble polymer to an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains.
- First-stage polishing performed while supplying a polishing liquid for a stage to the polishing cloth, and a second-stage polishing in which a water-soluble polymer is added to an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains after the first stage polishing.
- the second-stage polishing is performed while supplying the polishing liquid to the polishing cloth, and the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the second-stage polishing liquid is set to a high level of water-solubility in the first-stage polishing liquid. Higher than the concentration of molecules It is a method of polishing a silicon wafer.
- the roll-off of the outer periphery of the wafer is maintained while maintaining a high polishing rate by the etching action by the alkaline aqueous solution and the etching suppression action of the outer periphery of the silicon wafer by the water-soluble polymer. It is possible to control the flatness (ROA) of the outer peripheral portion of the wafer including reduction and eventually roll-off and roll-up. Further, in the conventional polishing method using a polishing liquid containing loose abrasive grains, roll-off of the wafer outer peripheral portion is promoted as the polishing progresses. In the case of the present invention, for example, the polishing time is increased.
- the outer peripheral portion of the wafer can be made into a roll-up shape. Therefore, for example, an ideal flat shape can be realized on the outer peripheral portion of the product wafer, assuming roll off of the outer peripheral portion of the wafer during finish polishing.
- the reason why roll-off is reduced is probably due to the following phenomenon.
- the water-soluble polymer in the polishing liquid is adsorbed on the surface of the silicon wafer, so that the wafer surface is covered with the water-soluble polymer.
- the polymer film formed on the surface to be polished (surface to be polished) is removed by a polishing cloth, and the surface to be polished from which the polymer film has been removed is a hydrophilic surface that is active in reaction, so Chemically etched. It is considered that the polishing proceeds by repeating the adsorption of the polymer, the removal of the polymer film, and the alkali etching.
- polishing liquid flows toward the center from the outer edge of the wafer, and a larger amount of polishing liquid is supplied to the outer peripheral portion of the wafer than the central portion of the wafer. Polishing proceeds in a state in which the amount of the polymer film to be formed is larger than the amount removed. Thereby, it is presumed that the etching reaction at the outer peripheral portion of the wafer is suppressed and the roll-off amount is reduced.
- an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains is used as the polishing liquid.
- "alkaline aqueous solution not containing free abrasive grains” means that free abrasive grains such as colloidal silica (abrasive grains), diamond abrasive grains, and alumina abrasive grains are mixed in the alkaline aqueous solution that is the main component of the polishing liquid. That which is not done.
- the to-be-polished surface of a silicon wafer is mainly grind
- polishing using the conventional free abrasive grain can be avoided.
- the polishing is performed without using free abrasive grains, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of defects due to processing such as micro scratches due to abrasive grain aggregation.
- the alkaline aqueous solution one adjusted to a pH of 8 to 13 is used. As a result, processing-related defects such as scratches and scratches do not occur on the surface of the silicon wafer, the handling of the polishing liquid is easy, and a high polishing (etching) rate of the silicon wafer can be obtained.
- the alkaline aqueous solution is less than pH 8, the etching action is too low, and defects due to processing such as scratches and scratches are likely to occur on the surface of the silicon wafer. Further, if the pH exceeds 13 as in a strong base aqueous solution, it becomes difficult to handle the polishing liquid.
- Examples of the alkaline agent (pH adjuster) of the alkaline aqueous solution include an alkaline aqueous solution or an alkaline carbonate aqueous solution to which any of a basic ammonium salt, a basic potassium salt, and a basic sodium salt is added, or an alkaline to which an amine is added. It is an aqueous solution.
- aqueous solutions of hydrazine and amines can be employed. From the viewpoint of increasing the polishing rate, it is desirable to use an alkali excluding ammonia, particularly an amine.
- the content of the alkaline agent in the alkaline aqueous solution is 100 to 1000 ppm.
- the etching power of the surface of the silicon wafer by the alkali agent is not sufficient, and it takes a long time to polish the silicon wafer to a predetermined thickness. If it exceeds 1000 ppm, it is difficult to handle the polishing liquid itself, and surface roughness is likely to occur on the wafer surface due to an excessive etching reaction.
- rough polishing is divided into first-stage polishing using a first-stage polishing liquid and second-stage polishing using a second-stage polishing liquid.
- concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the eye polishing liquid may be higher than the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the first-stage polishing liquid.
- the polishing rate can be increased by lowering the water-soluble polymer concentration in the first-stage polishing liquid used in the first-stage polishing performed from the beginning of polishing. Then, after the first stage polishing, by performing the second stage polishing using the second stage polishing liquid with an increased water-soluble polymer concentration, the occurrence of roll-off at the outer periphery of the wafer is suppressed. Can do.
- the second stage polishing liquid in which the addition amount of the water-soluble polymer is increased is increased, and the silicon wafer is subjected to the first stage polishing. Since the surface is polished in the second stage, the polishing time of the silicon wafer in which the roll-off of the outer peripheral portion is reduced can be shortened, and the productivity of the mirror surface silicon wafer can be increased.
- the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the polishing liquid used for the first stage polishing is desirably 10 ppm or less, and the silicon wafer is polished while maintaining a high polishing rate without impairing the etching action with the aqueous alkali solution. be able to.
- the polishing conditions for the second-stage polishing may be the same as or different from the polishing conditions for the first-stage polishing except for the addition amount of the water-soluble polymer.
- the same kind of water-soluble polymer may be used for the first stage polishing and the second stage polishing, or the kind may be changed.
- the polishing apparatus used in the first stage polishing is continuously used, and the addition amount of the water-soluble polymer in the polishing liquid supplied to the polishing cloth is changed. You just need to (increase). Further, another polishing apparatus different from the polishing apparatus used in the first stage polishing may be used.
- the water-soluble polymer uses anionic and amphoteric and nonionic polymers and monomers. Specifically, it is desirable to use hydroxyethyl cellulose or polyethylene glycol as the water-soluble polymer. In particular, since hydroxyethyl cellulose can be obtained with high purity relatively easily and it is easy to form a polymer film on the wafer surface, it has a characteristic that the effect of suppressing an etching reaction due to alkali is high. However, among various water-soluble polymers, those that promote the etching of a silicon wafer with an alkaline aqueous solution are inappropriate. Only one type of water-soluble polymer may be used, or a plurality of types may be used.
- a surfactant or an aliphatic alcohol may be used instead of the water-soluble polymer.
- the surfactant for example, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether can be employed.
- aliphatic alcohol polyvinyl alcohol etc. are employable, for example.
- the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the polishing liquid may be set within a concentration range of 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm, and particularly preferably 100 ppm or less. Even when hydroxyethyl cellulose is employed as the water-soluble polymer, the amount added is preferably 100 ppm or less. If it is added excessively, the polishing rate of the silicon wafer is greatly reduced, and the productivity is lowered.
- the silicon wafer for example, a single crystal silicon wafer or a polycrystalline silicon wafer can be employed.
- a diameter of a silicon wafer 100 mm, 125 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 300 mm, 450 mm etc. are mentioned, for example.
- a silicon wafer having no oxide film on at least the surface to be polished is used among the front and back surfaces. This is because there is usually a natural oxide film of about 5 to 20 mm on the surface of the silicon wafer before the rough polishing step, and it becomes difficult to remove the natural oxide film with an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains. It is.
- a method of removing by etching using a chemical such as hydrofluoric acid, a method of removing by polishing using a polishing solution containing free abrasive grains, etc. Can be adopted.
- the surface of the wafer should be polished not only on the natural oxide film but also on the surface so as to reduce the amount of polishing in the rough polishing. May be.
- the water-soluble polymer adsorbed on the surface to be polished of the silicon wafer can be efficiently removed by extruding it toward the outer periphery of the wafer, and the high polishing rate and the quality of the surface roughness of the silicon wafer. Can be increased.
- the hard polishing cloth include a polishing cloth made of a non-woven fabric made of polyester, and a polishing cloth made of polyurethane.
- an abrasive cloth made of foamable polyurethane having excellent mirror surface polishing accuracy of a silicon wafer is desirable. For example, in the case of using a soft polishing cloth made of suede that is easy to follow the outer peripheral shape of a silicon wafer as used in finish polishing, etching on the outer peripheral portion of the wafer is promoted and roll-off occurs.
- a polishing cloth having a Shore D hardness of 70 to 90 and a compression ratio of 1 to 5%, especially 2 to 3% as defined by JIS K 6253-1997 / ISO 7619. Is desirable. If the Shore D hardness is less than 70, the inflow of the polishing liquid to the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer is suppressed during polishing, and the amount of water-soluble polymer in the outer peripheral portion is reduced, so that from the outer peripheral edge of the silicon wafer to 3 mm. During this period, the polishing rate increases, and roll-off tends to occur at the outer peripheral portion of the wafer. If the Shore D hardness exceeds 90, polishing flaws are likely to occur on the wafer surface.
- Rough polishing is performed by relatively rotating the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth. “Relatively rotate” refers to rotating the silicon wafer, rotating the polishing cloth, or rotating both the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth.
- the rotation direction of the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth is arbitrary. For example, the rotation directions of the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth when both are rotated may be the same or different.
- the polishing rate of the silicon wafer during rough polishing is desirably 0.05 to 1 ⁇ m / min. If it is less than 0.05 ⁇ m / min, the polishing rate is low and it takes a long time for polishing. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1 ⁇ m / min, surface roughness of the silicon wafer surface is likely to occur due to high alkali concentration.
- the rotation speed of the silicon wafer, the rotation speed of the polishing cloth, the polishing pressure, etc. may be set so as to be within the above-described polishing rate range. For example, the rotation speed of the silicon wafer and the polishing cloth is within the range of 5 to 30 rpm.
- the polishing pressure may be set within a range of 50 to 500 g / cm 2 .
- the polishing amount by rough polishing may be set in consideration of the desired silicon wafer thickness, and is generally set within the range of several hundred nm to 10 ⁇ m.
- the polishing amount by finish polishing performed after rough polishing is set within a range of 500 nm or less at the maximum.
- a single wafer polishing device or a batch polishing device that simultaneously polishes multiple silicon wafers may be used. It is also possible to perform double-side polishing in which these are simultaneously polished.
- a carrier plate for storing a silicon wafer, and an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate in which polishing cloths sandwiching the carrier plate from above and below are bonded to the opposing surfaces It is desirable to polish using a double-side polishing apparatus equipped with Thereby, not only the wafer surface but also the wafer back surface can be highly flattened by a single polishing process, which is effective in providing a low-cost and highly flat mirror silicon wafer.
- the polishing cloth on the upper surface plate side and the polishing cloth on the lower surface plate side may be made of the same material or different materials.
- This polishing liquid is a polishing liquid used for rough polishing at least the surface to be polished of the front and back surfaces of a silicon wafer.
- the main liquid is an alkaline aqueous solution that does not contain free abrasive grains, and is water-soluble in the alkaline aqueous solution. A functional polymer is added. Since this polishing liquid is mainly composed of an alkaline aqueous solution containing no free abrasive grains, the surface to be polished of the silicon wafer is mainly polished by a chemical action.
- the polishing liquid is adjusted to pH 8 to pH 13 in an alkaline aqueous solution, and an alkaline aqueous solution or an alkaline carbonate aqueous solution to which any one of a basic ammonium salt, a basic potassium salt, and a basic sodium salt is added as an alkaline agent.
- an alkaline aqueous solution to which an amine is added, and the water-soluble polymer is one or more of nonionic polymers and monomers, or one or more of anionic polymers and monomers. It is desirable to configure. As a result, processing-related defects such as scratches and scratches do not occur on the surface of the silicon wafer, the handling of the polishing liquid is easy, and a high polishing (etching) rate of the silicon wafer can be obtained.
- the content of the alkali component in the alkaline aqueous solution is preferably set to 100 to 1000 ppm. If it is less than 100 ppm, the etching power of the surface of the silicon wafer by alkali is not sufficient, and it takes a long time to polish the silicon wafer to a predetermined thickness. If it exceeds 1000 ppm, it is difficult to handle the polishing liquid itself, and surface roughness is likely to occur on the wafer surface due to an excessive etching reaction.
- Hydroxyethyl cellulose has a characteristic that it has a high effect of suppressing an etching reaction due to alkali because it can be easily obtained in high purity and can easily form a polymer film on the wafer surface.
- a chelate agent to the polishing liquid.
- metal ions are captured and complexed, and then discarded, whereby the degree of metal contamination of the polished silicon wafer can be reduced.
- Any chelating agent can be used as long as it has a chelating ability for metal ions.
- a chelate refers to a bond (coordination) to a metal ion by a ligand having a plurality of coordination sites.
- at least the surface of the roughly polished silicon wafer is subjected to finish polishing. The conditions are not particularly limited.
- Either a single wafer type polishing device or a batch type polishing device that polishes multiple silicon wafers at the same time may be used.
- chelating agents examples include phosphonic acid chelating agents and aminocarboxylic acid chelating agents. However, in view of solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution, an aminocarboxylic acid chelating agent is preferred. Furthermore, in view of the chelating ability of heavy metal ions, aminocarboxylates such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid DTPA (Diethylene Triamine Pentaacetic Acid) are more preferable. In addition, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) may be used. The chelating agent is preferably added in a concentration range of 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm, whereby metal ions such as Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr, Ni, and Al can be captured.
- NTA nitrilotriacetic acid
- a method for polishing a silicon wafer and a polishing liquid thereof according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.
- the rough polishing process is performed in two stages, and as the primary polishing process, a polishing liquid containing free abrasive grains is used to remove the natural oxide film present on the wafer surface. Polishing was performed as a secondary polishing step using a polishing liquid containing no free abrasive grains in order to achieve planarization of the silicon wafer.
- a double-side polished silicon wafer whose front and back surfaces are mirror-polished is manufactured through the following steps.
- the diameter is 306 mm
- the length of the straight body is 2500 mm
- the specific resistance is 0.01 ⁇ ⁇ cm
- the initial oxygen concentration is 1.0 by the Czochralski method.
- a single crystal silicon ingot of ⁇ 10 18 atoms / cm 3 is pulled up.
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer are simultaneously subjected to primary polishing using a primary polishing liquid using a sun gear-free double-side polishing apparatus 10.
- a primary polishing liquid a KOH aqueous solution containing 5% by weight of colloidal silica particles (free abrasive grains) having an average particle diameter of 70 nm and a pH of 10 is used.
- the natural oxide film formed on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer is removed mainly by the mechanical action of the free abrasive grains.
- the sun-gearless double-side polishing apparatus 10 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the upper surface plate 120 of the double-side polishing apparatus 10 is rotationally driven in a horizontal plane by the upper rotary motor 16 via a rotary shaft 12 a extending upward. Further, the upper surface plate 120 is moved up and down in the vertical direction by the lifting and lowering device 18 that moves forward and backward in the axial direction.
- the elevating device 18 is used when the silicon wafer 11 is supplied to and discharged from the carrier plate 110.
- the polishing pressure of the upper surface plate 120 and the lower surface plate 130 on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 is 300 g / cm 2 , and is applied by a pressurizing means such as an air bag system (not shown) incorporated in the upper surface plate 120 and the lower surface plate 130. Done.
- the lower surface plate 130 is rotated in the horizontal plane by the lower rotation motor 17 through the output shaft 17a.
- the carrier plate 110 has a thickness of 750 ⁇ m, and moves circularly in a plane (horizontal plane) parallel to the surface of the plate 110 by the carrier circular motion mechanism 19 so that the plate 110 itself does not rotate.
- the carrier circular motion mechanism 19 has an annular carrier holder 20 that holds the carrier plate 110 from the outside.
- the carrier circular motion mechanism 19 and the carrier holder 20 are connected via a connection structure.
- Four bearing portions 20b protruding outward every 90 ° are disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the carrier holder 20.
- a distal end portion of an eccentric shaft 24a protruding at an eccentric position on the upper surface of the small-diameter disk-shaped eccentric arm 24 is rotatably inserted into each bearing portion 20b. Further, a rotating shaft 24b is suspended from the center of each of the lower surfaces of the four eccentric arms 24.
- Each rotary shaft 24b is rotatably inserted into a bearing portion 25a arranged in a total of four on the annular device base 25 every 90 ° with the tip portion protruding downward.
- Sprockets 26 are fixed to the tip portions of the rotating shafts 24b that protrude downward.
- a timing chain 27 is stretched across each sprocket 26 in a horizontal state. The four sprockets 26 and the timing chain 27 rotate the four rotating shafts 24b at the same time so that the four eccentric arms 24 perform a circular motion in synchronization.
- one rotating shaft 24 b is formed to be longer, and its tip protrudes downward from the sprocket 26.
- a power transmission gear 28 is fixed to this portion.
- the gear 28 is meshed with a large-diameter driving gear 30 fixed to an output shaft extending upward of the circular motion motor 29. Therefore, when the circular motion motor 29 is activated, the rotational force is transmitted to the timing chain 27 via the sprockets 26 fixed to the gears 30 and 28 and the long rotating shaft 24b.
- the four eccentric arms 24 rotate in a horizontal plane around the rotation shaft 24b in synchronization with the other three sprockets 26.
- the carrier holder 20 collectively connected to each eccentric shaft 24a, and thus the carrier plate 110 held by the holder 20, performs a circular motion without rotation in a horizontal plane parallel to the plate 110.
- the carrier plate 110 turns while maintaining a state that is eccentric from the axis e of the upper surface plate 120 and the lower surface plate 130 by a distance L.
- a polishing cloth 15 made of a urethane foam resin having a Shore D hardness of 80 and a compression rate of 2.5% is attached to each facing surface of both surface plates 120 and 130.
- the distance L is the same as the distance between the eccentric shaft 24a and the rotating shaft 24b.
- the silicon wafer 11 accommodated in the wafer accommodating portion 11a formed on the carrier plate 110 reverses the rotational directions of both polishing surface plates 120 and 130, and the rotational speed and polishing pressure of the polishing surface plates 120 and 130 ( 300 g / cm 2 ), the polishing time and the like are adjusted, and the both surfaces are subjected to simultaneous primary polishing so that the polishing amount is 0.5 ⁇ m on one side (both sides are 1 ⁇ m).
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are used as a pretreatment for secondary polishing without interposing free abrasive grains.
- Each of the natural oxide films of about 10 mm can be removed in a short time mainly by the mechanical action of the free abrasive grains.
- mirror polishing using a piperidine aqueous solution described later can be performed at a high polishing rate. That is, in the primary polishing performed after a predetermined time has elapsed after etching, a natural oxide film generally exists on the wafer surface.
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are subjected to secondary polishing using an abrasive-free secondary polishing liquid.
- hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC; water-soluble polymer
- a secondary polishing liquid having a pH of 10.5 added with 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 wt% (10 ppm) the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are subjected to secondary polishing (mirror polishing).
- the silicon wafer 11 accommodated in the wafer accommodating portion 11a of the carrier plate 110 has the rotational directions of the polishing surface plates 120 and 130 opposite to each other, and the rotational speed, polishing pressure, and polishing time of the polishing surface plates 120 and 130 are set.
- the secondary polishing is performed simultaneously on both sides so that the polishing rate is 0.5 ⁇ m / min and the polishing amount is 5 ⁇ m on one side (10 ⁇ m on both sides).
- the secondary polishing liquid is supplied to both polishing cloths 15.
- Other polishing conditions are the same as in the case of primary polishing. Since the thickness of the carrier plate 110 is 750 ⁇ m and the thickness of the silicon wafer 10 after the secondary polishing is 764 ⁇ m, the silicon wafer 10 remains thicker than the carrier plate even after rough polishing.
- the silicon wafer 11 from which the natural oxide film has been removed and the polishing cloth 15 are relatively moved.
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are polished by 5 ⁇ m on one side.
- the polishing cloth 15 is pressed against the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 by the action of the polishing pressure, and the hydroxyethyl cellulose film in the polishing liquid adhering to the surface of the silicon wafer 11 is removed from the silicon wafer 11 by the polishing cloth 15.
- Polishing proceeds with the hydroxyethyl cellulose adhering to the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 by being removed from the surface to be polished. Therefore, the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are polished at a high polishing rate of 0.5 ⁇ m / min while maintaining high flatness by the etching action of the alkaline aqueous solution and the hydroxyethyl cellulose removing action of the polishing pad 15. Further, since the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 are mainly polished by a chemical action, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of processing damage due to a mechanical action such as polishing using conventional free abrasive grains. In addition, since the polishing is performed without using free abrasive grains, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of defects due to processing such as micro scratches due to abrasive grain aggregation.
- the outer peripheral surface (chamfered) of the silicon wafer 11 is always obtained during polishing. Adhesion of the polishing pad 15 to the surface) is suppressed.
- the outer peripheral surface of the wafer is covered with hydroxyethyl cellulose in the polishing liquid, and this becomes a protective film on the outer peripheral surface of the wafer against etching.
- the polishing rate from the outer peripheral edge of the silicon wafer 11 to 3 mm is lowered, the roll-off of the wafer outer peripheral part is reduced, and the flatness of the wafer outer peripheral part including the roll-off and roll-up is controlled. be able to.
- the reason why a certain amount of roll-up of the outer peripheral portion of the wafer may occur is that offset between the roll-off of the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 can be assumed in advance during the subsequent finish polishing.
- the upper and lower polishing cloths are in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the silicon wafer 11, so that the roll-off of the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 is performed. Will be encouraged.
- hydroxyethyl cellulose is adopted as the water-soluble polymer, an effect is obtained that a polymer film is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 and the etching action by the pivezirine aqueous solution can be suppressed. Moreover, it is very high purity and can reduce impurity contamination. Further, since the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose in the secondary polishing liquid is set to 10 ppm, the silicon wafer 11 having no defects due to processing on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 and having reduced roll-off of the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 is shortened. It can be polished in time.
- the alkaline aqueous solution adjusted within the range of pH 10.5 is employed, defects caused by processing such as scratches and scratches do not occur on the surface of the silicon wafer 11, and the polishing liquid can be easily handled. A high polishing rate can be obtained. Further, since the foamed polyurethane resin is employed as the material for both polishing cloths 15, it is possible to reduce the roll-off amount at the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11. Thereafter, the front and back surfaces of the second-polished silicon wafer 11 are subjected to final polishing under predetermined conditions, and further subjected to final cleaning. Here, SC1 cleaning using an alkaline solution and an acid solution is performed on each silicon wafer 11.
- the secondary polishing step performed in the present embodiment is further divided into two stages (first stage polishing and second stage polishing), and silicon is used in the second polishing (first stage polishing).
- first stage polishing the concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the polishing liquid is low
- second-stage polishing the polishing is performed to suppress the roll-off amount of the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11. Polishing was performed at a high water-soluble polymer concentration in the liquid.
- Example 2 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 wt% (0.1 ppm) of hydroxyethylcellulose was added to the secondary polishing liquid, and the polishing amount of the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 was 4.5 ⁇ m on one side (9 ⁇ m on both sides). Otherwise, the same secondary polishing (first stage polishing) as the secondary polishing of Example 1 is performed, and then the silicon wafer 11 is subjected to tertiary polishing with a higher concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose than the secondary polishing liquid. Using the liquid, the surface to be polished of the silicon wafer 11 is subjected to tertiary polishing (second-stage polishing).
- the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose in the tertiary polishing liquid used in the tertiary polishing is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 wt% (100 ppm), and the polishing amount of the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 is 0.5 ⁇ m on one side (both sides 1.0 ⁇ m).
- a secondary polishing liquid having a hydroxyethyl cellulose concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 wt% (0.1 ppm) is used, and the polishing amount is 4.5 ⁇ m on one side of the wafer on the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11. Since the polishing is performed, the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 can be roughly polished at a high polishing rate.
- the tertiary polishing liquid in which the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose was increased to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 wt% (100 ppm) was used, and the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer 11 were subjected to a tertiary polishing of 0.5 ⁇ m on one side of the wafer.
- the polishing time of the silicon wafer 11 in which the roll-off of the outer peripheral portion is reduced can be shortened, and the productivity of the double-sided mirror silicon wafer 11 can be increased.
- the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose in the tertiary polishing liquid is set to 100 ppm, the roll-off amount at the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer 11 can be reduced as much as possible. Since other configurations (including other polishing conditions for the third polishing), operations, and effects are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
- Example 1 of the present invention the polishing liquid of Example 1 of the present invention, the method of polishing a silicon wafer using the same (Test Examples 1 to 5), and the conventional hydroxy
- Test Examples 1 to 5 the polishing liquid of Example 1 of the present invention, the method of polishing a silicon wafer using the same (Test Examples 1 to 5), and the conventional hydroxy
- the primary polishing step polishing is performed for 3 minutes while supplying a primary polishing liquid containing free abrasive grains (alkaline aqueous solution containing 5% colloidal silica and 0.08% by weight KOH) to both polishing cloths at 9 liters / minute.
- a primary polishing liquid containing free abrasive grains alkaline aqueous solution containing 5% colloidal silica and 0.08% by weight KOH
- HEC hydroxyethyl cellulose
- the secondary polishing if a polishing liquid containing an alkaline aqueous solution not containing loose abrasive grains and a water-soluble polymer is used and a wafer holding method using a carrier plate is adopted, silicon in the wafer holding hole during polishing is used. As the wafer moves, the carrier plate vibrates and the silicon wafer may jump out of the wafer holding hole during polishing. Therefore, in the secondary polishing, the secondary polishing was finished in a state where the thickness of the silicon wafer was about 20 ⁇ m thicker than the thickness of the carrier plate. Table 1 shows the component ratio of the secondary polishing liquid, and the graph of FIG. 3 shows the outer peripheral shape of the polished silicon wafer. For measuring the shape of the outer peripheral portion of the silicon wafer, WaferSight manufactured by KLA Tencor was used.
- TEST001 to TEST005 represent Test Examples 1 to 5, and TEST006 represents Comparative Example 1 containing no hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- ROA Roll Off Amount
- One dimension (line) was used as a reference plane for measurement, and 124 mm to 135 mm in the diameter direction of the silicon wafer was set as the reference range.
- the distance from the reference surface at the 1 mm (ROA 1 mm) position and 2 mm (ROA 2 mm) position from the outer edge (outermost peripheral edge) of the silicon wafer was measured. These measured values are shown in Table 2.
- ROA in 1 mm notation ⁇ It can be controlled within the range of 110 nm to +390 nm.
- the polishing rate tends to decrease as the concentration of hydroxyethyl cellulose increases. This suggests that the protective effect of the surface of the silicon wafer by hydroxyethyl cellulose is suggested, and the reaction (etching action) between the alkali and the silicon wafer is inhibited by hydroxyethyl cellulose.
- Table 3 shows the component ratio of the primary polishing liquid used in the primary polishing process, the secondary polishing liquid used in the secondary polishing process, and the tertiary polishing liquid used in the tertiary polishing process.
- abrasive grains refers to free abrasive grains in colloidal silica.
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer were polished by 4.5 ⁇ m on one side for 15 minutes while supplying the secondary polishing liquid to both polishing cloths at 9 liter / cm 2 .
- the front and back surfaces of the silicon wafer were polished by 0.5 ⁇ m on one side for 3 minutes while supplying both polishing cloths at 9 liter / cm 2 .
- Other test conditions are the same as those in Test Examples 1 to 5.
- the polishing time for one-step polishing requires 9.6 ⁇ m / (0.25 ⁇ m / min) and 38 minutes.
- polishing amount when the addition amount of hydroxyethyl cellulose by this test was 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 wt% was 0.75 ⁇ m (0.25 ⁇ m / min ⁇ 3 minutes) from the result shown in FIG. 4 of Example 1. It was.
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Abstract
Description
初期段階の粗研磨は、所望とする厚みまでシリコンウェーハを研磨することを目的に行われ、ポリウレタンなどの硬質の研磨布を用いて研磨速度が比較的速い条件で研磨を行い、研磨後のシリコンウェーハ厚さのバラツキを小さく、平坦化するように研磨が行われる。この粗研磨工程では、研磨布の種類や遊離砥粒サイズを変更して、シリコンウェーハの研磨量(取り代量)を複数段階(例えば1~3段階)に分けながら研磨処理が行われることもある。
最終段階の仕上げ研磨は、シリコンウェーハ表面の粗さを改善することを目的に行われ、スエードのような軟質の研磨布および微小サイズの遊離砥粒を使用して、ナノトポグラフィーやヘイズといったシリコンウェーハ表面上の微小な面粗さのバラツキを低減するように研磨が行われる。この仕上げ研磨工程も粗研磨工程と同様に、研磨布の種類や遊離砥粒サイズを変更しながら、複数段階に分けて研磨処理が行われることもある。
両面研磨装置としては、近年、キャリアプレート内にシリコンウェーハを収容した状態で、研磨布を貼張した上定盤および下定盤によりキャリアプレートを挟み込み、この状態でシリコンウェーハの表裏面を同時に研磨する両面研磨が採用されつつある。
このようなキャリアプレートを用いた両面研磨装置を使用した場合、シリコンウェーハの厚みをキャリアプレートの厚みと同等あるいはそれ以下の厚みとなるまでシリコンウェーハの表裏面を研磨すれば、キャリアプレートによって、研磨布によるウェーハ外周部の研磨そのものが抑制されるため、ロールオフの低減を図ることができる。
しかしながら、キャリアプレートそのものも研磨してしまうため、キャリアプレートの交換頻度が増加し、生産コストの上昇を招く問題が懸念される。
11 シリコンウェーハ、
15 研磨布、
110 キャリアプレート、
120 上定盤、
130 下定盤。
また、遊離砥粒を含む研磨液を使用した従来の研磨方法では、研磨の進行に伴いウェーハ外周部のロールオフが促進されるのに対し、この発明の場合には、例えば研磨時間を長くして研磨量を増やすことで、ウェーハ外周部をロールアップ形状とすることも可能になる。そのため、例えば仕上げ研磨時のウェーハ外周部のロールオフを想定し、製品ウェーハの外周部に理想的な平坦形状を実現することもできる。
研磨処理中、研磨液の水溶性高分子はシリコンウェーハの表面に吸着されるため、ウェーハ表面は水溶性高分子により覆われた状態となる。しかしながら、被研磨面(研磨される面)に形成された高分子膜は研磨布によって除去され、この高分子膜が除去された被研磨面は反応が活性な親水性面であるためアルカリ性水溶液によりケミカルエッチングされる。この高分子の吸着、高分子膜の除去、アルカリエッチングの繰り返しにより研磨が進行しているものと考えられる。そして、研磨液はウェーハ外縁より中心に向けて流れ込み、ウェーハ中心部に比べてウェーハ外周部には多量の研磨液が供給されるので、ウェーハ外周部においては、研磨布によって除去される高分子膜の除去量よりも、形成される高分子膜の形成量が多くなる状態で研磨が進行する。これにより、ウェーハ外周部でのエッチング反応が抑制され、ロールオフ量が低減されるものと推測される。
アルカリ性水溶液のアルカリ剤(pH調整剤)としては、例えば、塩基性アンモニウム塩、塩基性カリウム塩、塩基性ナトリウム塩の何れかが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液もしくは炭酸アルカリ水溶液、あるいはアミンが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液である。その他、ヒドラジンやアミン類の水溶液を採用することができる。研磨レートを高める観点から、アンモニアを除いたアルカリ、特にアミンを用いることが望ましい。
アルカリ性水溶液中のアルカリ剤の含有量は、100~1000ppmである。100ppm未満ではアルカリ剤によるシリコンウェーハの表面のエッチング力が十分でなく、所定の厚みまでシリコンウェーハを研磨するのに長時間を要してしまう。1000ppmを超えると、研磨液そのものの取り扱いが困難であり、また、過度のエッチング反応によりウェーハ表面に面荒れを生じやすくなる。
このように、高い研磨レートで研磨量が大きくなる1段目研磨後、水溶性高分子の添加量を増やした2段目用の研磨液を使用し、シリコンウェーハの1段目研磨された研磨面を2段目研磨するので、外周部のロールオフが低減されたシリコンウェーハの研磨時間が短縮し、鏡面シリコンウェーハの生産性を高めることができる。
2段目研磨の研磨条件は、水溶性高分子の添加量を除き、1段目研磨の研磨条件と同一でも、異なってもよい。また、水溶性高分子の種類は、1段目研磨と2段目研磨とで、同じ種類のものを用いてもよく、種類を変更してもよい。2段目研磨は、1段目研磨の直後において、1段目研磨で用いた研磨装置を連続的に使用し、その研磨布に供給される研磨液中の水溶性高分子の添加量を変更(増加)するだけでよい。また、1段目研磨で使用した研磨装置とは異なる他の研磨装置を使用してもよい。
この自然酸化膜の除去にあたっては、粗研磨を行う前に、フッ酸などの薬液を用いたエッチング処理により除去する方法や、遊離砥粒を含有する研磨液を用いた研磨処理により除去する方法などを採用することができる。なお、遊離砥粒を含有する研磨液を用いた研磨処理で自然酸化膜を除去する場合は、粗研磨における研磨量を低減させるように、自然酸化膜だけでなく、ウェーハ表面を研磨するようにしてもよい。
硬質の研磨布としては、ポリエステル製の不織布からなる研磨布、ポリウレタン製の研磨布などが挙げられる。特に、シリコンウェーハの研磨面の鏡面化精度に優れた発泡性ポリウレタン製の研磨布が望ましい。例えば仕上げ研磨で使用されるような軟質でシリコンウェーハの外周形状に追従し易いスエード製の研磨布を用いた場合には、ウェーハ外周部におけるエッチングが促進され、ロールオフを生じてしまう。
シリコンウェーハの回転速度、研磨布の回転速度、研磨圧などは、上記した研磨レートの範囲となるように設定すればよく、例えば、シリコンウェーハ、研磨布の回転速度は、5~30rpmの範囲内で選択し、研磨圧は、50~500g/cm2の範囲内で設定すればよい。
なお、粗研磨による研磨量は、所望とするシリコンウェーハ厚みを考慮して設定すればよく、概ね数百nm~10μmの範囲内で設定される。粗研磨後に行う仕上げ研磨による研磨量は、最大でも500nm以下の範囲内で設定される。
特に、ウェーハ表裏面を同時に粗研磨するにあたっては、シリコンウェーハを収納するキャリアプレートと、このキャリアプレートを上下方向から挟む研磨布が、それぞれの対向面に貼張された上定盤および下定盤とを備えた両面研磨装置を用いて研磨することが望ましい。これにより、一度の研磨処理でウェーハ表面だけでなく、ウェーハ裏面の高平坦化までを達成することができ、低コストで高平坦度な鏡面シリコンウェーハの提供に有効となる。上定盤側の研磨布と下定盤側の研磨布とは、同一の素材からなるものでも、異なる素材からなるものでもよい。
この両面研磨装置としては、サンギヤ(遊星歯車)方式のもの、または、キャリアプレートに自転をともなわない円運動をさせる無サンギヤ方式のものを採用することができる。
本研磨液は遊離砥粒を含まないアルカリ性水溶液を主剤とするものであるため、シリコンウェーハの被研磨面は、主にケミカル作用により研磨される。その結果、従来の遊離砥粒を用いた研磨のようなメカニカル作用による加工ダメージの発生を回避することができ、砥粒凝集に起因したマイクロスクラッチなどの加工起因の欠陥発生も低減することができる。
さらに、粗研磨されたシリコンウェーハの少なくとも表面は、仕上げ研磨が施される。その条件は特に限定されない。枚葉式の研磨装置を使用しても、複数枚のシリコンウェーハを同時に研磨するバッチ式の研磨装置を使用してもよく、表面のみの片面研磨でも、ウェーハ表裏面を同時に研磨する両面研磨でもよい。
表面および裏面が鏡面研磨された両面研磨シリコンウェーハは、以下の各工程を経て作製される。
すなわち、坩堝内でボロンが所定量ドープされたシリコンの溶融液から、チョクラルスキー法により直径306mm、直胴部の長さが2500mm、比抵抗が0.01Ω・cm、初期酸素濃度1.0×1018atoms/cm3の単結晶シリコンインゴットが引き上げられる。
その後、回転中の面取り用砥石をシリコンウェーハの外周部に押し付けて面取りし、次に両面ラッピング装置によりシリコンウェーハの両面を同時にラッピングする。次いで、エッチング槽内の酸性エッチング液に、ラッピング後のシリコンウェーハを浸漬してエッチングし、面取りおよびラッピングによるダメージを除去する。その後、シリコンウェーハの表裏面に対して、1次研磨および2次研磨が順次施される。
図1および図2に示すように、両面研磨装置10の上定盤120は、上方に延びた回転軸12aを介して、上側回転モータ16により水平面内で回転駆動される。また、上定盤120は軸線方向へ進退させる昇降装置18により垂直方向に昇降させられる。昇降装置18は、シリコンウェーハ11をキャリアプレート110に給排する際等に使用される。なお、上定盤120および下定盤130のシリコンウェーハ11の表裏面に対する研磨圧は300g/cm2で、上定盤120および下定盤130に組み込まれた図示しないエアバック方式等の加圧手段により行われる。下定盤130は、その出力軸17aを介して、下側回転モータ17により水平面内で回転させられる。キャリアプレート110は、厚さが750μmで、かつそのプレート110自体が自転しないように、キャリア円運動機構19によって、そのプレート110の表面と平行な面(水平面)内で円運動する。
キャリアホルダ20の外周部には、90°ごとに外方へ突出した4個の軸受部20bが配設されている。各軸受部20bには、小径円板形状の偏心アーム24の上面の偏心位置に突設された偏心軸24aの先端部が回転自在に挿入されている。また、これらの4個の偏心アーム24の各下面の中心部には、回転軸24bが垂設されている。各回転軸24bは、環状の装置基体25に90°ごとに合計4個配設された軸受部25aに、それぞれ先端部を下方へ突出させた状態で回転自在に挿入されている。各回転軸24bの下方に突出した先端部には、それぞれスプロケット26が固着されている。各スプロケット26には、一連にタイミングチェーン27が水平状態で架け渡されている。これらの4個のスプロケット26とタイミングチェーン27とは、4個の偏心アーム24が同期して円運動を行うように、4本の回転軸24bを同時に回転させる。
したがって、円運動用モータ29を起動すれば、その回転力は、ギヤ30,28および長尺な回転軸24bに固着されたスプロケット26を順次経てタイミングチェーン27に伝達される。このタイミングチェーン27が周転することで、他の3個のスプロケット26を介して、4個の偏心アーム24が同期して回転軸24bを中心に水平面内で回転する。これにより、各偏心軸24aに一括して連結されたキャリアホルダ20、ひいてはこのホルダ20に保持されたキャリアプレート110が、このプレート110に平行な水平面内で、自転をともなわない円運動を行う。
前記距離Lは、偏心軸24aと回転軸24bとの距離と同じである。この自転を伴わない円運動により、キャリアプレート110上の全ての点は、同じ大きさ(半径r)の小円の軌跡を描く。これにより、キャリアプレート110に形成されたウェーハ収納部11aに収納されたシリコンウェーハ11が、両研磨定盤120,130の回転方向を反対とし、研磨定盤120,130の回転速度、研磨圧(300g/cm2)、研磨時間などを調整して、研磨量が片面0.5μm(両面1μm)となるように、両面同時1次研磨を行う。この両面1次研磨時、両研磨布15には、0.08重量%のKOH水溶液に、平均粒径が70nmのコロイダルシリカ粒子が5重量%添加されたpH10の1次研磨液を、9リットル/分で供給しながら、3分間、1次研磨処理を行った。
すなわち、エッチング後、所定時間が経過してから行われる1次研磨では、一般的にウェーハ表面に自然酸化膜が存在する。この自然酸化膜を、遊離砥粒が存在しないケミカルな2次研磨だけで除去することは困難である。そこで、2次研磨の前に遊離砥粒を用いた1次研磨を施したので、自然酸化膜の除去時間を短縮し、鏡面研磨されたシリコンウェーハ11の生産性の低下を防ぐことができる。
また、このシリコンウェーハ11の表裏面は、主にケミカル作用により研磨されるので、従来の遊離砥粒を用いた研磨のようなメカニカル作用による加工ダメージの発生を回避することができる。しかも、遊離砥粒を使用しない研磨であるため、砥粒凝集に起因したマイクロスクラッチなどの加工起因の欠陥発生も低減することができる。
これに対して、例えばスェード製の軟質の研磨布を使用した場合には、シリコンウェーハ11の外周面に対して、上下配置された研磨布が接触するため、シリコンウェーハ11の外周部のロールオフが助長されることになる。
さらに、2次研磨液中のヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度を10ppmとしたので、シリコンウェーハ11の表裏面に加工起因の欠陥が存在せず、かつウェーハ外周部のロールオフが低減されたシリコンウェーハ11を短時間で研磨することができる。
アルカリ性水溶液として、pH10.5の範囲内に調整したものを採用したので、シリコンウェーハ11の表面にスクラッチ、傷などの加工起因の欠陥が発生せず、研磨液の取り扱いも容易で、シリコンウェーハ11の高い研磨レートが得られる。
また、両研磨布15の素材として発泡ポリウレタン樹脂を採用したので、シリコンウェーハ11の外周部でのロールオフ量の低減を図ることができる。
その後、2次研磨されたシリコンウェーハ11の表裏面には、所定条件で仕上げ研磨が施され、さらに最終洗浄される。ここでは、各シリコンウェーハ11に対して、アルカリ溶液と酸溶液とを使用したSC1洗浄が行われる。
実施例2の発明は、2次研磨液中にヒドロキシエチルセルロースを1×10-5重量%(0.1ppm)添加し、シリコンウェーハ11の表裏面の研磨量を片面4.5μm(両面9μm)とした他は実施例1の2次研磨と同じ2次研磨(1段目研磨)が施され、その後、シリコンウェーハ11に対して、2次研磨液に比べてヒドロキシエチルセルロースが高濃度の3次研磨液を使用し、シリコンウェーハ11の被研磨面を3次研磨(2段目研磨)するものである。
具体的には、3次研磨で使用される3次研磨液中のヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度を1×10-2重量%(100ppm)、シリコンウェーハ11の表裏面の研磨量を片面0.5μm(両面1.0μm)としている。
特に、3次研磨液中のヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度を100ppmとしたので、可及的にシリコンウェーハ11の外周部でのロールオフ量の低減を図ることができる。
なお、その他の構成(3次研磨の他の研磨条件を含む)、作用および効果は、実施例1と同じであるので説明を省略する。
1次研磨工程では、遊離砥粒を含む1次研磨液(コロイダルシリカ5%、KOH0.08重量%を含むアルカリ水溶液)を両研磨布に9リットル/分で供給しながら、3分間、研磨することで、シリコンウェーハの表裏面の酸化膜を除去した。次に、2次研磨工程では、遊離砥粒を含まないピベリジン0.08重量%を含むアルカリ性水溶液にヒドロキシエチルセルロース(以下HEC)を1×10-5~1×10-1重量%だけ添加した2次研磨液を9リットル/cm2で供給しながら、シリコンウェーハの表裏面を2次研磨した。
シリコンウェーハの外周ロールオフ形状を表現するにあたり、Roll Off Amount(以下ROA)を採用した。測定の基準面には1次元(ライン)を用い、シリコンウェーハの直径方向に124mm~135mmをその基準範囲に設定した。なお、ROA表記にあたり、シリコンウェーハの外縁(最外周縁)から1mm(ROA1mm)位置、2mm(ROA2mm)位置における基準面からの距離を測定した。これらの測定値を表2に示す。
なお、図4のグラフから明らかなように、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度が高くなれば、研磨レート(Removal Rate)が低下傾向となる。これは、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースによるシリコンウェーハの表面の保護効果を示唆し、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースによってアルカリとシリコンウェーハとの反応(エッチング作用)が阻害されたためと考えられる。
すなわち、所望するROAがロールアップ(+側)の状態である場合、そのヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度によるが、研磨レートが低下し、生産性を大きく阻害する可能性がある。そこで、研磨中にヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度を任意に変化させ、シリコンウェーハの加工性とロールオフの抑制とを両立させる方法について試験した。その結果を図5のグラフに示す。図5のグラフ中、Ref02は2次研磨のみ、Ref01は3次研磨のみ、2step研磨は2次研磨後に3次研磨を施した試験例6を示す。
さらに、この試験によるヒドロキシエチルセルロースの添加量が1×10-2重量%時の研磨量は、実施例1の図4に示す結果から、0.75μm(0.25μm/分×3分間)となった。
Claims (13)
- 遊離砥粒を含まないアルカリ性水溶液に水溶性高分子が添加された研磨液を硬質の研磨布に供給しながら、シリコンウェーハと前記研磨布とを相対的に回転させて、前記シリコンウェーハの表裏面のうち、被研磨面となる少なくとも表面に粗研磨を行い、
該粗研磨後、前記シリコンウェーハの粗研磨された少なくとも表面に仕上げ研磨を施すシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。 - シリコンウェーハと研磨布とを相対的に回転させて、前記シリコンウェーハの表裏面のうち、被研磨面となる少なくとも表面に粗研磨を行い、該粗研磨後、前記シリコンウェーハの粗研磨された少なくとも表面に仕上げ研磨を施すシリコンウェーハの研磨方法において、
前記粗研磨を、遊離砥粒を含まないアルカリ性水溶液に水溶性高分子が添加された1段目用の研磨液を前記研磨布に供給しながら行う1段目研磨と、該1段目研磨後、遊離砥粒を含まないアルカリ性水溶液に水溶性高分子が添加された2段目用の研磨液を前記研磨布に供給しながら行う2段目研磨とに分け、
前記2段目用の研磨液中の水溶性高分子の濃度を、前記1段目用の研磨液中の水溶性高分子の濃度より高くしたシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。 - 前記水溶性高分子は、ノニオン系のポリマーおよびモノマーのうちの1種もしくは複数種、または、アニオン系のポリマーおよびモノマーのうちの1種もしくは複数種である請求項1または請求項2に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。
- 前記水溶性高分子は、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースである請求項3に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。
- 前記研磨液中のヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度は、0.1ppm~1000ppmである請求項4に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。
- 前記アルカリ性水溶液はpH8~pH13に調整され、
該アルカリ性水溶液は、アルカリ剤として塩基性アンモニウム塩、塩基性カリウム塩、塩基性ナトリウム塩のうち、何れかが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液、または炭酸アルカリ水溶液、またはアミンが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液である請求項1または請求項2に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。 - 前記研磨布は、ポリエステル製の不織布からなるものもしくはポリウレタン製のものである請求項1または請求項2に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。
- 前記粗研磨は、
シリコンウェーハを収納するキャリアプレートと、このキャリアプレートを上下方向から挟持し、下面に前記研磨布が貼張された上定盤および上面に前記研磨布が貼張された下定盤とを備えた両面研磨装置により、前記シリコンウェーハの表裏面を同時に研磨する請求項1または請求項2に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。 - 前記粗研磨後の前記シリコンウェーハの厚みが、前記キャリアプレートの厚みより大きくなるように研磨する請求項8に記載のシリコンウェーハの研磨方法。
- シリコンウェーハの表裏面のうち、被研磨面となる少なくとも表面を粗研磨する際に使用される研磨液において、
遊離砥粒を含まないアルカリ性水溶液を主剤とし、該アルカリ性水溶液に水溶性高分子が添加された研磨液。 - 前記アルカリ性水溶液はpH8~pH13に調整され、
アルカリ剤として塩基性アンモニウム塩、塩基性カリウム塩、塩基性ナトリウム塩のうち、何れかが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液、または炭酸アルカリ水溶液、またはアミンが添加されたアルカリ性水溶液で、
前記水溶性高分子は、ノニオン系のポリマーおよびモノマーのうちの1種もしくは複数種、または、アニオン系のポリマーおよびモノマーのうちの1種もしくは複数種である請求項10に記載の研磨液。 - 前記水溶性高分子は、ヒドロキシエチルセルロースである請求項10または請求項11に記載の研磨液。
- 前記アルカリ性水溶液中の前記ヒドロキシエチルセルロースの濃度が、0.1ppm~1000ppmの濃度範囲に調整された請求項12に記載の研磨液。
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