Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
  • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
  • B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400°C
  • B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
  • B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
  • B23K35/3613—Polymers, e.g. resins
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
  • B23K35/3612—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with organic compounds as principal constituents
  • B23K35/3618—Carboxylic acids or salts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings or fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
  • B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a solder paste composition, a solder paste and a soldering flux.
• a solder paste is a paste solder material obtained by homogeneously mixing a alloy solder powder and a soldering flux.
• the current mostly used alloy solder powders include Sn-Ag, Sn-Pb, Sn-Sb, Sn-Cu, Sn-Bi, Sn-Ag-Cu alloys, etc..
• a soldering flux generally consists of or comprises a resin, a thixotropic agent, an activator, a solvent and optionally other additives.
• a soldering flux is a key material for cleaning metal surfaces, improving wettability, preventing solder materials from oxidation and assuring the quality of a solder paste and/or the excellent processability of said material. In addition the soldering flux has a great influence on the storage stability of a solder paste.
• solder paste will normally harden or solidify over time during storage.
• the rate of hardening or solidification is usually used to determine the storage stability of a solder paste.
• Solder pastes having high storage stability normally exhibit a rather slow hardening or solidification, whereas solder pastes having low storage stability are characterized by a rather fast hardening or solidification.
• activators are capable of interacting with the alloy solder powder during storage of the solder paste, thereby affecting the rheological property and other properties. Notably the aforementioned activators can significantly reduce the storage stability of the solder paste.
• solder paste of the present invention exhibits very high storage stability in combination with excellent solderability.
• the storage stability of the solder paste of the present invention is greatly improved by introducing a long-chain thiol and/or an organic chelating agent into a soldering flux.
• the present invention relates to a soldering flux which comprises or consists of a resin, a thixotropic agent, an activator, a solvent as well as a long-chain thiol and/or an organic chelating agent.
• a soldering flux which comprises or consists of a resin, a thixotropic agent, an activator, a solvent as well as a long-chain thiol and/or an organic chelating agent.
• said long-chain thiol is a compound with at least one -SH group having a chain length greater than or equal to 5 carbon atoms, preferably greater than or equal to 7 carbon atoms, wherein said carbon atoms are preferably covalently linked to each other.
• the soldering flux of the present invention can comprise one long-chain thiol or a mixture of different long-chain thiols.
• the long-chain thiol is selected from the group consisting of one or more of general formula
• R(CH 2 ) n SH wherein R is methyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, formyl or amido, and n is 7 to 21 , preferably 12 to 18.
• the long-chain thiol is selected from hexanethiol, octanethiol, decanethiol, dodecanethiol, and octadecanethiol and/or mixtures thereof.
• the amount of said long-chain thiol is an appropriate amount capable of forming a single molecule protective film on the surface of alloy solder powder particles while not influencing other performances of the solder paste.
• the long-chain thiol may be present in the soldering flux of the present invention in an amount of 0.2 to 10 wt%, more preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt%, and particularly preferably in an amount of 0.75 to 2.5 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• the amount used is lower than 0.2 wt%, the formation of a single molecule film on the surface of the alloy solder powder particles can be incomplete.
• the amount used is higher than 10 wt%, the long-chain thiol can negatively affect other properties of the solder paste, such as solderability or printability, etc..
• the soldering flux of the present invention can comprise one organic chelating agent or a mixture of different organic chelating agents.
• organic chelating agent preferably refers to compounds having at least two functions capable of coordinating to a metal or metal-comprising compound. More preferably the organic chelating agent is selected from N-chelating agents, in which each function capable of coordinating to a metal or metal-comprising compound contains at least one nitrogen atom.
• the organic chelating agent can be selected from compounds, comprising at least one substituted or unsubstituted 1 , 10-naphthisodiazine (o-naphthisodiazine) structural unit or element.
• the term 1 , 10-phenanthroline can also be used for 1 , 10-naphthisodiazines. In the present invention both terms are used interchangeably.
• said organic chelating agent is preferably selected from o-naphthisodiazine (1 , 10-naphthisodiazine) chelating agents. More preferable the organic chelating agent is selected from 1 , 10-o-naphthisodiazine, 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1 , 10-phenanthroline, 4,7-dimethyl-1 , 10-o-naphthiso- diazine and 4, 7-diphenyl-1 , 10-o-naphthisodiazine and/or mixtures thereof.
• the amount of said organic chelating agent is an appropriate amount capable of forming a single molecule protective film on the surface of alloy solder powder particles while not influencing other performances of the solder paste.
• the organic chelating agent may be present in the soldering flux of the present invention in an amount of 0.2 to 10 wt%, more preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt%, and particularly preferably in an amount of 0.75 to 2.5 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• the amount used is lower than 0.2 wt%, the formation of a single molecule film on the surface of the alloy solder powder particles can be incomplete.
• the amount used is higher than 10 wt%, the long-chain thiol can negatively affect other properties of the solder paste, such as solderability or printability, etc..
• the soldering flux comprises a mixture of at least one long-chain thiol of the present invention and at least one organic chelating agent of the present invention.
• a solder paste of the present invention can be obtained which exhibits very high storage stability in combination with excellent solderability.
• the amount of said long-chain thiol and said organic chelating agent is an appropriate amount capable of forming a single molecule protective film on the surface of alloy solder powder particles while not influencing other performances of the solder paste.
• the long-chain thiol and the organic chelating agent may be present in the soldering flux of the present invention in an amount of 0.2 to 10 wt%, more preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt%, and particularly preferably in an amount of 0.75 to 2.5 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• the resin can be selected from rosin resins, acid modified rosin resins, hydrogenated rosin reins, disproportionated rosin resins and/or polymerized rosin reins, and/or mixtures thereof.
• the amount of the resin may be a conventional amount in the art.
• the resin is present in an amount of 10 to 60 wt%, and more preferably in an amount of 30-to 55 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• the soldering flux of the present invention additionally comprises at least one thixotropic agent.
• the thixotropic agent can be selected from polyamides, hydrogenated castor oils, and/or amide modified hydrogenated castor oils, and/or mixtures thereof.
• the amount of the thixotropic agent may be a conventional amount in the art.
• the thixotropic agent is present in an amount of 1 to 10 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• Another component of the soldering flux of the present invention is at least one activator.
• the activator can be selected from halide containing compounds, organic acid compounds and/or organic amine compounds and/or mixtures thereof.
• the amount of the activator may be a conventional amount in the art.
• the activator is present in an amount of 0.5 to 30 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• a further component of the soldering flux of the present invention is at least one solvent.
• the solvent is a diol monoether and/or a diol diether solvent, such as diethylene glycol monohexyl ether and/or polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether, etc..
• the amount of the solvent may be a conventional amount in the art.
• the solvent is present in an amount of 10 to 60 wt%, based on the total amount of the soldering flux.
• soldering flux of the present invention may also contain other conventional additives, such as plasticizer and/or antioxidant, etc.
• the soldering flux of the present invention may be in the one component form in which all the ingredients are mixed together, and may also be in the form of a multi-container package or kit in which each component is in a separate container or several ingredients are grouped into one or more containers.
• said soldering flux may be prepared by a conventional method in the art, for example by heating and mixing each component.
• soldering flux comprises or consists of, based on the total amount of the soldering flux:
• the present invention also relates to a solder paste composition which comprises the soldering flux of the present invention and at least one alloy solder powder.
• the alloy solder powder can be selected from lead-free alloy solder powder or lead-containing alloy solder powder.
• lead-free alloy solder powder refers to alloy solder powders which are substantially free of lead, which means that the lead content is less than 5 wt%, preferably less than 1 wt%, and more preferably less than 0.01 wt%, based on the total amount of the alloy solder powder.
• the volume ratio of the soldering flux to the alloy solder powder is preferably from 0.8: 1 to 1.2: 1 , more preferably from 0.85: 1 to 1.1.5: 1.
• the lead-free solder powder is preferably selected from Sn-Ag-Cu, Sn-Ag, Sn-Cu, Sn-Zn, and/or Sn-Bi alloy.
• the lead-containing solder powder is preferably Sn-Pb alloy.
• the alloy solder powder is preferably in the form of a spherical powder, wherein the average particle size of said spherical powder is preferably in the range of 1 to 45 ⁇ , more preferably in the range of 2 to 35 ⁇ .
• the term "average particle size” refers to the D 50 value of the cumulative volume distribution curve at which 50% by volume of the particles have a diameter less than said value.
• the average particle size or D 50 value is measured in the present invention through laser diffractometry preferably using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 available from Malvern Instruments Ltd. In this technique, the size of particles in suspensions or emulsions is measured using the diffraction of a laser beam, based on application of either Fraunhofer or Mie theory. In the present invention, Mie theory or a modified Mie theory for non-spherical particles is applied and the average particle sizes or D 50 values relate to scattering measurements at an angle from 0.02 to 135 degrees relative to the incident laser beam.
• said solder paste composition is in the form of a multi-container package or kit in which each ingredient is in a separate container or several ingredients are grouped into one or more containers.
• the solder paste composition in the form of a kit comprises at least two containers.
• both parts are preferably not present in the same container.
• said solder paste composition is in the form of a two-container package, wherein one container comprises the soldering flux and the other container comprises the alloy solder powder.
• said solder paste composition is in the form of a three-container package, wherein one container comprises the long-chain thiol and/or the organic chelating agent, another container comprises further components of the soldering flux of the present invention, and the third container comprises the alloy solder powder.
• the present invention also relates to a solder paste which is a physical mixture of all components of the solder paste composition of the present invention.
• a single molecule film preferably covers the entire particle surface of the alloy solder powder.
• This single molecule film is formed by the self-assembly of one or more of the long-chain thiol and/or organic chelating agents .
• solder paste of the present invention may also contain conventional additives, such as plasticizers and/or antioxidants, etc.
• the solder paste of the present invention may be prepared by mixing the soldering flux of the present invention and the alloy solder powder.
• solder paste is preferably stored at temperatures from 0 to 5°C.
• solder paste of the present invention preferably has a viscosity change of less than ⁇ 6% when it is stored at 30°C for 4 days.
• conventional solder pastes show a viscosity increase of 84.1 % under comparable storage condition. This indicates that the solder paste of the present invention has excellent storage stability.
• the solder paste of the present invention exhibits greatly improved storage stability, an excellent solderability, and can be produced by simple preparation steps.
• the solvent, resin, activator, and thixotropic agent of the present invention were added in proportions into a stainless steel reaction tank.
• the mixture was stirred at 100 to 150°C until all components were completely dissolved. Afterwards the mixture was quickly cooled, supplemented with partially volatilized solvent, and stored in an airtight manner for further use.
• soldering flux 11.5 wt% of soldering flux and 88.5 wt% of alloy solder powder were placed into a double planetary stirrer, stirred heterogeneously at room temperature, and packaged in 500 g solder pots.
• soldering flux did not contain a long-chain thiol and/or organic chelating agent.
• the specific formulations of the comparative soldering flux composition are as follows:
• the viscosities before and after storage were measured using a Malcom PCU-201 viscosimeter, respectively.
• the viscosities at 10 rpm are compared to characterize the viscosity change.
• Viscosity change % (Viscosity at 10 rpm after storage - Viscosity at 10 rpm before storage) Viscosity at 10 rpm before storage
• o-naphthisodiazines significantly improves the storage stability of solder pastes, wherein the soldering wettability remains excellent.

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• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
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• 2009
  • 2009-12-24 CN CN200910215134.4A patent/CN102107340B/zh active Active
• 2010
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