WO2011074261A1 - 管状品の検査装置およびその検査方法 - Google Patents
管状品の検査装置およびその検査方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011074261A1 WO2011074261A1 PCT/JP2010/007299 JP2010007299W WO2011074261A1 WO 2011074261 A1 WO2011074261 A1 WO 2011074261A1 JP 2010007299 W JP2010007299 W JP 2010007299W WO 2011074261 A1 WO2011074261 A1 WO 2011074261A1
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- light source
- camera
- tubular product
- tubular
- tubular article
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/954—Inspecting the inner surface of hollow bodies, e.g. bores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
- G01B11/10—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving
- G01B11/105—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters of objects while moving using photoelectric detection means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for inspecting a tubular article, and in particular, the whole area of the end face of the tubular article is imaged with a camera, image processing is performed to measure the outer diameter and thickness of the tubular article, and the inner surface of the tubular article is defective.
- the present invention relates to an inspection apparatus that detects
- the tubular product in the present invention is a tube whose inner periphery or outer periphery has a shape other than circular, for example, a deformed tube, specifically, a shape in which a fin portion protrudes along the tube axis direction on the inner periphery or the outer periphery.
- a finned tube used as a heat transfer tube in an ethylene plant or the like.
- a method for automatically measuring the outer diameter and thickness of the tubular product there are a method of bringing a measuring instrument into contact, a method using a laser, a method using a camera, and the like.
- the method of bringing the measuring instrument into contact is, for example, a method as described in Patent Document 1, and the measuring device tends to be large-scale.
- the devices disclosed in each patent document have various problems.
- halation occurs on the image captured by the camera due to the reflected light irradiated to the tube end surface, and the outer and inner contours of the tube are identified from the image. Difficult to do.
- this device irradiates the inner peripheral surface as well as the end surface of the tube, so that there is no significant difference in brightness between the tube end surface and the inner peripheral surface on the image captured by the camera, and the inner contour of the tube is specified from the image. It is difficult to do.
- the dimension measuring apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2 it is difficult for the dimension measuring apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 3 to specify the outer and inner contours of the tube from the image captured by the camera. Furthermore, the dimension measuring device disclosed in the document can measure only a partial region in the circumferential direction of the tube. In order to measure the entire circumferential direction of the tube, a special mechanism for rotating the tube or each camera (including each light source) around the central axis of the tube is required, and the measuring apparatus becomes large.
- the inner surface inspection that detects surface defects such as cracks and scratches that may exist on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe.
- the inspection of the inner surface of the tube is performed by visual observation by an operator, and there is a concern that defects may be overlooked. For this reason, automation of the inner surface inspection of the pipe is also required.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a tubular product inspection apparatus having the following characteristics (1) and (2) and an inspection method thereof.
- the outer diameter and thickness of the tube can be inspected using a camera.
- a long tubular product can be inspected with a small inspection device.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a tubular product inspection device having the following characteristic (3) in addition to the above characteristics (1) and (2), and an inspection method therefor. (3) It is possible to automatically inspect surface defects such as cracks and scratches on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- the inspection device A camera that is disposed on the central axis of the tubular article and images the entire end face of the tubular article;
- a first light source that emits light that is inclined with respect to the central axis of the tubular article from the outside of the imaging area of the camera, and that illuminates the outer peripheral edge of the tubular article over the entire circumference; It is arranged between the first light source and the camera, emits light that is inclined with respect to the central axis of the tubular product from the outside of the imaging area of the camera, and completely covers the inner peripheral edge on the end surface side of the tubular product.
- a second light source that illuminates over the circumference, Illuminating the tubular article with the first light source and the second light source, imaging the tubular article with the camera, and calculating the outer diameter and thickness of the tubular article based on the captured image;
- a tubular product inspection device characterized by the above.
- the first light source and the second light source are movable in the central axis direction of the tubular article.
- the first light source and the second light source are preferably configured by arranging a large number of LEDs (light emitting diodes) in a ring shape.
- the inspection apparatus of (I) preferably includes a support member that supports the first light source, the second light source, and the camera, and has a transparent plate that contacts the end face of the tubular product.
- These inspection devices are further arranged between the second light source and the camera, emit light that is inclined with respect to the central axis of the tubular product from the outside of the imaging region of the camera, and A third light source for illuminating the inner peripheral surface on the end face side over the entire circumference; While illuminating the tubular product with the third light source, the tubular product can be imaged by the camera, and a surface defect on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular product can be detected based on the captured image.
- a method for inspecting a tubular product is (Step 1) While illuminating each of the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge on the end face side of the tubular article with an individual light source over the entire circumference, the whole area of the end face of the tubular article is imaged with a camera. (Step 2) including a series of steps of calculating the outer diameter and thickness of the tubular article based on the captured image; A method for inspecting a tubular product characterized by the above.
- the inspection method of (II) further includes (Step 3) illuminating the entire inner surface of the tubular article with the light source different from the light source over the entire circumference of the end face side of the tubular article. Taking an image with a camera, (Step 4) A configuration including a series of steps of detecting a surface defect on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular article based on the captured image can be provided.
- the tubular product inspection device and the inspection method thereof according to the present invention have the following significant effects (1) and (2).
- (1) The outer diameter and thickness of the pipe can be inspected with high accuracy using a camera.
- (2) A long tubular product can be inspected with a small inspection device.
- the tubular product inspection apparatus and method according to the present invention have the following significant effects (3).
- (3) It is possible to automatically inspect surface defects such as cracks and scratches on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the inspection apparatus of the present invention.
- 2A and 2B are sectional views for explaining an inspection method using the inspection apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A shows an illumination state at the time of dimensional inspection
- FIG. 2B shows an illumination at the time of inner surface inspection.
- Each state is shown.
- 3A and 3B are schematic views of an image captured by the present invention.
- FIG. 3A shows an image for dimensional inspection
- FIG. 3B shows an image for inner surface inspection.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an image obtained when the inspection method of the present invention is employed to perform a dimensional inspection of an internally finned tube.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an actual image captured by the camera during the dimension inspection of the internally finned tube.
- FIGS. 5A to 5C show the position of the light source from an arbitrary position to the center of the tube to be inspected. An example in the case of moving in the range of ⁇ 10 mm in the axial direction is shown.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a wire mesh that constitutes a support member that supports a camera and a light source and is brought into contact with a tubular product.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-shaped wire mesh, and FIG. A grid-like wire mesh is shown.
- the inventors of the present invention In order to accurately measure the dimensions of a tubular product while reducing the size of an inspection apparatus that uses a camera, the inventors of the present invention, when imaging the end face of a tube with a camera, It was found that it is effective to illuminate each with a separate light source all around. Furthermore, in order to automate the inner surface inspection of tubular products, it has been found that it is effective to use a camera used for dimensional inspection while illuminating the inner peripheral surface on the tube end surface side with a separate light source. .
- the present invention has been completed based on these findings. Below, the preferable aspect of the inspection apparatus and inspection method of the tubular goods of this invention is demonstrated.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the inspection device of the present invention.
- the inspection apparatus of the present invention is applied to a dimensional inspection for measuring the outer diameter D and the wall thickness t of the tubular product 10 with the tubular product 10 as an inspection object, and further, the inner peripheral surface of the tubular product 10. It is also applied to an inner surface inspection for detecting 12 surface defects.
- the tubular product 10 to be inspected is not only a simple steel pipe whose inner and outer circumferences are circular in the cross section, but also the inner and outer shapes in the cross section are not strictly circular but regular.
- a tubular product that changes with time for example, a deformed tube such as an internally finned tube or an externally finned tube is also included.
- the tubular article 10 shows the case where it is a normal pipe
- the inspection apparatus includes one camera 1 for imaging and a light source for illumination. It is effective to use a plurality of illuminations as the light source. Further, when an annular light source is used, the number of parts of the device can be reduced and further miniaturization can be realized.
- a case where the first annular light source 2A, the second annular light source 2B, and the third annular light source 2C are used as light sources is shown.
- the camera 1 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the end surface 11 of the tubular product 10 such that the optical center axis coincides with the central axis of the tubular product 10 and the entire end surface 11 of the tubular product 10 is used as an imaging region. .
- the camera 1 is used for both the dimension inspection and the inner surface inspection.
- the camera 1 employed here is a CCD camera, and the number of pixels in which the resolution when imaging the end face 11 of the tubular article 10 separated by a predetermined distance is comparable or higher than that of a measuring instrument such as a micrometer.
- the first annular light source 2 ⁇ / b> A, the second annular light source 2 ⁇ / b> B, and the third annular light source 2 ⁇ / b> C have a tubular product 10 such that the central axis thereof coincides with the central axis of the tubular product 10, that is, the optical central axis of the camera 1.
- the first annular light source 2A arranged closest to the tubular article 10 and the second annular light source 2B arranged next are illumination for dimensional inspection.
- the third annular light source 2 ⁇ / b> C arranged farthest from 10 is illumination for inner surface inspection.
- First annular light source 2A is a light that the optical axis M 1 is emitted at an inclination angle theta 1 with respect to the central axis of the tubular article 10, the entire circumference is limited only to the outer peripheral edge of the end face 11 of the tubular product 10 Illuminate over.
- the second annular light source 2B has an entire circumference limited only to the inner peripheral edge on the end face 11 side of the tubular product 10 by the light whose optical axis M 2 is emitted at an inclination angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the central axis of the tubular product 10. Illuminate over.
- Third annular light source 2C the by light optical axis M 3 is emitted at an inclination angle theta 3 with respect to the central axis of the tubular article 10, is limited only to the inner circumferential surface 12 of the end face 11 of the tubular product 10 Illuminate the entire circumference.
- each annular light source 2A, 2B, 2C is arranged so that the center axis of each ring coincides with the center axis of the tubular article 10, it is possible to illuminate a limited area uniformly over the entire circumference.
- First annular light source 2A of the inclination angle theta 1 of the optical axis M 1, and the inclination angle theta 2 of the optical axis M 2 of the second annular light source 2B is an end face 11 of the time dimensional inspection, limited areas (tubular article 10 This is set in consideration of illuminating only the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge) and that the light reflected by the end face 11 does not enter the camera 1. For this purpose, it is preferable to set within a range of, for example, 60 ° or more and less than 90 °. More preferably, it is in the range of 70 ° to 80 °. By setting to such a range, the camera 1 can capture an image in which the outer and inner contours of the tubular article 10 are emphasized.
- the illumination width in the tube axis direction of the outer peripheral edge of the tubular product 10 illuminated by the first annular light source 2A allows a range of 5 mm to 10 mm from the tube end.
- the illumination width in the tube axis direction of the inner peripheral edge of the tubular article 10 illuminated by the second annular light source 2B also allows a range of 5 mm to 10 mm from the tube end.
- the light emitted from the first annular light source 2A and the second annular light source 2B is not limited to linear light but may be light that slightly spreads from the center of the optical axis of the light. However, any light does not illuminate the end surface 11 of the tubular article 10 and illuminates only the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge on the end surface 11 side of the tubular article 10 as described above.
- the inclination angle ⁇ 3 of the optical axis M 3 of the third annular light source 2C is the length of a region that can be imaged and inspected by the camera 1 by illuminating the inner peripheral surface 12 of the tubular article 10 from the end surface 11 deeply during the inner surface inspection. This is set in consideration of the fact that the light is reflected on the end face 11 and does not enter the camera 1. For this purpose, it is preferable to set within a range of 10 ° to 30 °, for example.
- the light emitted from the third annular light source 2C is light that spreads to some extent from the center of its own optical axis. However, this light also illuminates the inner peripheral surface 12 including the inner peripheral edge on the end surface 11 side of the tubular product 10 without illuminating the end surface 11 of the tubular product 10 as described above.
- the first annular light source 2A, the second annular light source 2B, and the third annular light source 2C for example, a large number of LEDs are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in a base material such as a synthetic resin formed in an annular shape. Things can be used. A group of LEDs arranged in the circumferential direction may be embedded in two or three rows. Instead of the LED, a laser device that emits visible light with a small light spreading range from the center of the optical axis may be used.
- the camera 1, the first annular light source 2A, the second annular light source 2B, and the third annular light source 2C are integrally supported by the support member 5.
- the support member 5 has, for example, a disc-shaped transparent plate 6 that faces the end surface 11 of the tube 10 at the front end and abuts against the end surface 11 of the tubular product 10 at the time of inspection, and an annular shape that holds the camera 1 at the rear end. It has a plate 7, and the transparent plate 6 and the annular plate 7 are connected by a plurality of guide bars 8 parallel to the central axis of the tubular product 10.
- Each of the annular light sources 2A, 2B, and 2C is configured to be movable in the central axis direction of the tubular article 10 along the guide rod 8, and is fixed to the guide rod 8 with a screw or the like at an appropriate position.
- each posture and position can be stabilized, and a highly accurate inspection can be performed.
- Appropriate positions of the annular light sources 2A, 2B, and 2C are set according to the dimensions of the tubular article 10 to be inspected. For example, if the outer diameter is the inner diameter at D o and inspected tubular article 10 is D i, as the position of the first annular light source 2A, the front end surface of the transparent plate 6 abuts against the end face 11 of the tubular product 10 to set the distance x 1 to the exit port of the first annular light source 2A. This distance x 1 first determines the calculated value Calx 1 (1) below.
- Calx 1 (d 1 / 2 ⁇ D o / 2) / tan ⁇ 1 (1)
- d 1 in the equation is the diameter of the exit opening in the first annular light source 2A are arranged
- theta 1 is a tilt angle of the optical axis M 1 of the first annular light source 2A.
- the distance x 1, the light of the first annular light source 2A is the location of the calculated values Calx 1 determined by the fine adjustment so as to illuminate the outer peripheral edge without illuminating the end face 11.
- This distance x 3 first determines the calculated value Calx 3 (3) below.
- d 3 in the equation is the diameter of the exit port in the third annular light source 2C are arranged, theta 3 is a tilt angle of the optical axis M 3 of the third annular light source 2C, L is The distance from the tube end to the intersection of the optical axis of the annular light source 2C and the inner surface of the tube. L can be determined as 1 ⁇ 2 of the region length from the tube end of the tubular article 10 that the inspector wants to illuminate with the light from the third annular light source 2C during the inner surface inspection.
- the distance x 3, the light of the third annular light source 2C is determined by finely adjusting the position of the calculated values Calx 3 to illuminate the inner surface to include an inner peripheral edge of the end face 11 side.
- Each annular light source 2A, 2B, 2C has a function of individually adjusting the light amount. Since the illuminance is attenuated according to the distance from the exit to the illumination target, the light quantity of the third annular light source 2C that is the farthest to the illumination target tubular product 10 is set relatively high, and the tubular product 10 This is because the light amount of the first annular light source 2A that is the closest to the second annular light source 2B is set lower than the light amount of the second annular light source 2B, and the illuminance is uniformed by the annular light sources 2A, 2B, and 2C.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an inspection method using the inspection apparatus of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 (a) shows an illumination state at the time of dimensional inspection
- FIG. 2 (b) shows an inner surface inspection.
- Each lighting state is shown.
- 3A and 3B are schematic views of an image captured according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3A shows an image obtained by dimensional inspection
- FIG. 3B shows an image obtained by inner surface inspection.
- the support member 5 shown in FIG. 1 is not shown.
- the tubular article 10 shows a case where it is a normal tube having a concentric cross section.
- the transparent plate 6 of the support member 5 shown in FIG. 1 is in contact with the end surface 11 of the tubular product 10 to be inspected.
- the first annular light source 2A and the second annular light source 2B are turned on, so that only the outer peripheral edge and inner peripheral edge on the end face 11 side are illuminated without illuminating the end face 11 of the tubular article 10 Illuminate.
- the entire area of the end surface 11 of the tubular article 10 is imaged by the camera 1.
- the image obtained by this imaging is obtained by illuminating only the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge on the end face 11 side of the tubular article 10, by performing image processing such as binarization processing, FIG.
- the luminance of the end face 11 of the non-illuminated tubular product, the pixels corresponding to the outside and the inside of the end product 11 is remarkably low, and corresponds to each of the outer contour 13 and the inner contour 14 of the tubular product which is the boundary.
- the pixels to be enhanced are clearly emphasized by illumination, and the luminance is increased.
- the outer contour 13 and the inner contour 14 of the tubular product can be specified based on the obtained image, and the outer diameter D and the wall thickness t of the tubular product can be calculated from the position information of those pixels. become.
- the third annular light source 2C is turned on instead of the first annular light source 2A and the second annular light source 2B.
- the third annular light source 2C is turned on instead of the first annular light source 2A and the second annular light source 2B.
- the image obtained by this imaging is an illumination of only the inner peripheral surface 12 on the end surface 11 side of the tubular article 10, by performing image processing such as binarization processing, it is shown in FIG.
- the brightness corresponding to the inner peripheral surface 12 on the end surface 11 side of the illuminated tubular product increases in brightness, and the end surface 11 of the non-illuminated tubular product and the inner peripheral surface 12 on the back side of the tubular product are respectively increased.
- the corresponding pixels have low luminance, and the pixels corresponding to the outer side of the end surface 11 and the inner side of the inner peripheral surface 12 of the tubular product have lower luminance.
- the pixel corresponding to the surface defect portion appears higher or lower than the luminance of the peripheral inner surface.
- the above-described image processing, calculation of the outer diameter and thickness of the tubular product, and determination of surface defects on the inner peripheral surface of the tubular product are executed by a computer connected to the camera 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an image obtained when the inspection method of the present invention is employed to perform a dimensional inspection of an internally finned tube. Even when a dimensional inspection is performed with an inner finned tube as an inspection target, the inner surface of the first annular light source 2A and the second annular light source 2B shown in FIGS. By imaging the entire area of the end surface of the finned tube and performing image processing, as shown in FIG. 4, the luminance is remarkably reduced at the pixels corresponding to the end surface 11 of the inner surface finned tube, outside and inside, The brightness is increased in pixels corresponding to the outer contour 13 of the inner finned tube which is the boundary and the inner contour 14 including the fin portion.
- the outer contour 13 and inner contour 14 of the inner finned tube can be specified based on the obtained image, and the outer diameter, thickness, and fin portion of the inner finned tube can be determined from the position information of these pixels. It becomes possible to calculate the height.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an actual image captured by the camera at the time of dimensional inspection of a tube with an inner fin.
- FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c) show the inner surface fin of the inspection target from any position of the light source. An example in the case of moving in the range of ⁇ 10 mm in the attached central axis direction is shown.
- the white lines of the lattice reflect the wire mesh used as a transparent plate that comes into contact with the end face of the inner finned tube.
- an actual image shown in FIG. 5A is obtained.
- a position that is 10mm moved away from the inner-fin tube, i.e. subjected to image a distance x 1 and the distance x 2 + 10mm and the placed position FIG.
- the actual image shown in 5 (b) is obtained.
- FIG. 5 (c ) Is obtained. It can be seen that the real images shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C are equally clear.
- each light source 2A, the position of 2B from the position set based on the distance x 1 and the distance x 2 is calculated according to the above equation (1) and (2), within a range of ⁇ 10 mm in the axial direction of the tube If set, inspection can be performed with the same accuracy.
- a wire mesh can be used as the transparent plate 6 constituting the support member 5 shown in FIG. An example is shown in FIG. 6 below.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a wire mesh that constitutes a support member that supports a camera and a light source and is brought into contact with a tubular product.
- FIG. 6A is a cross-shaped wire mesh, and FIG. A grid-like wire mesh is shown.
- an outer contour 13 and an inner contour 14 of the tubular product to be inspected are also shown.
- the wire mesh 21 shown in the figure can be manufactured by punching a metal disc having a thickness of about 2 mm to 3 mm.
- the width of the wire 22 of the wire mesh 21 is about 2 mm to 3 mm.
- the thickness and width of the mesh wire 22 is about 2 mm to 3 mm is that if it is too small, the rigidity will be low, and it will be inadvertently deformed when it comes into contact with the tubular product. This is because the net line is reflected extensively in the captured image, making it difficult to specify the contour of the tubular product.
- the wire mesh 21 having a cross-shaped mesh line 22 is suitable for inspecting a normal tube having a concentric cross section as a tubular product.
- positioning can be easily performed by aligning the center of the tubular product with the intersection of the mesh wire 22 at the center.
- the wire mesh 21 can also be used for inspection of an outer finned tube.
- the wire mesh 21 in which the mesh lines 22 are in a lattice form is suitable for inspecting an internally finned tube as a tubular product.
- an opening between the mesh wires 22 is formed at the center so that the mesh wire 22 intersects only the outer contour 13 of the inner finned tube. That is, all of the inner contour 14 of the inner finned tube is included in the central opening. For this reason, it is possible to identify the inner contour 14 from the image captured by the camera without any trouble.
- the shape of the inner periphery or the outer periphery is not limited to a simple shape steel pipe, but the inner periphery or the outer periphery in the cross section, such as an inner finned tube and an outer finned tube.
- the inspection device does not require any special mechanism for rotating the tubular product or the camera (including the light source) around the central axis of the tubular product, and the device can be downsized.
- the tubular product inspection apparatus and the inspection method of the present invention can be automated including the inspection of the inner surface of the tubular product.
- the present invention can be effectively used for dimensional inspection for quality assurance of tubular products, and further for inner surface inspection.
Abstract
Description
(1)カメラを用いて、管の外径および肉厚の寸法を検査できること。
(2)小型の検査装置で、長尺の管状品を検査できること。
(3)自動的に、管の内周面の割れやキズなどの表面欠陥を検査できること。
当該検査装置は、
前記管状品の中心軸上に配置され、前記管状品の端面の全域を撮像するカメラと、
このカメラの撮像領域の外側から前記管状品の中心軸に対して傾斜する光を出射し、前記管状品の前記端面側の外周縁を全周にわたって照明する第1の光源と、
この第1の光源と前記カメラの間に配置され、前記カメラの撮像領域の外側から前記管状品の中心軸に対して傾斜する光を出射し、前記管状品の前記端面側の内周縁を全周にわたって照明する第2の光源と、を備え、
前記第1の光源および前記第2の光源により前記管状品を照明しながら、前記カメラにより前記管状品を撮像し、撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の外径および肉厚を算出すること、
を特徴とする管状品の検査装置。
前記第3の光源により前記管状品を照明しながら、前記カメラにより前記管状品を撮像し、撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の内周面の表面欠陥を検出する構成にすることができる。
当該検査方法は、
(ステップ1)前記管状品の端面側の外周縁および内周縁のそれぞれを全周にわたり個別の光源によって照明しながら、前記管状品の前記端面の全域をカメラによって撮像すること、
(ステップ2)撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の外径および肉厚を算出すること、の一連の各ステップを含むこと、
を特徴とする管状品の検査方法。
(ステップ4)撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の内周面の表面欠陥を検出すること、の一連の各ステップを含む構成にすることができる。
(1)カメラを用いて、高精度に管の外径および肉厚の寸法を検査できること。
(2)小型の検査装置で、長尺の管状品を検査できること。
(3)自動的に、管の内周面の割れやキズなどの表面欠陥を検査できること。
図1は、本発明の検査装置の構成を模式的に示す断面図である。同図に示すように、本発明の検査装置は、管状品10を検査対象とし、管状品10の外径Dおよび肉厚tを測定する寸法検査に適用され、さらに管状品10の内周面12の表面欠陥を検出する内表面検査にも適用される。検査対象の管状品10には、横断面内で内周および外周の形状が円形である単純な形状の鋼管のみならず、横断面内で内周または外周の形状が厳密には円形でなく規則的に変化する管状品、たとえば内面フィン付管、外面フィン付管などの異形管も含まれる。図1では、管状品10は、その横断面が同心円である通常の管である場合を示している。検査装置は、撮像用に一つのカメラ1と、照明用の光源を備える。光源としては、複数個の照明を用いるのが有効であり、さらに環状光源を用いると、装置の部品点数の削減や、さらなる小型化を実現することができる。ここでは、光源として、第1の環状光源2A、第2の環状光源2Bおよび第3の環状光源2Cを用いる場合を示す。
ただし、同式中のd1は、第1の環状光源2Aにおいて出射口が配列されている直径であり、θ1は第1の環状光源2Aの光軸M1の傾斜角度である。距離x1は、第1の環状光源2Aの光が端面11を照明することなく外周縁を照明するように計算値Calx1の位置を微調整して決定する。
ただし、同式中のd2は、第2の環状光源2Bにおいて出射口が配列されている直径であり、θ2は第2の環状光源2Bの光軸M2の傾斜角度である。距離x2は、第2の環状光源2Bの光が端面11を照明することなく内周縁を照明するように計算値Calx2の位置を微調整して決定する。
ただし、同式中のd3は、第3の環状光源2Cにおいて出射口が配列されている直径であり、θ3は第3の環状光源2Cの光軸M3の傾斜角度であり、Lは、管端からの、環状光源2Cの光軸と管内面の交点の距離である。Lは、内表面検査時、検査者が第3の環状光源2Cからの光で照明させたいと考えている、管状品10の管端からの領域長さの1/2として決めることができる。距離x3は、第3の環状光源2Cの光が端面11側の内周縁を含むように管内面を照明するように計算値Calx3の位置を微調整して決定する。
図2は、本発明の検査装置を用いた検査方法を説明するための断面図であり、図2(a)は寸法検査時の照明状態を、図2(b)は内表面検査時の照明状態をそれぞれ示す。図3は、本発明により撮像した画像の模式図であり、図3(a)は寸法検査での画像を、図3(b)は内表面検査での画像を示す。なお、図2では、前記図1に示す支持部材5は表示されていない。図2および図3では、管状品10は、その横断面が同心円である通常の管である場合を示している。
2C:第3の環状光源、 5:支持部材、 6:透明板、
7:環状板、 8:ガイド棒、
10:管状品、 11:端面、 12:内周面、
13:外輪郭、 14:内輪郭、
21:金網、 22:網線、
D:管状品の外径、 t:管状品の肉厚
Claims (7)
- 管状品を検査する装置であって、
当該検査装置は、
前記管状品の中心軸上に配置され、前記管状品の端面の全域を撮像するカメラと、
このカメラの撮像領域の外側から前記管状品の中心軸に対して傾斜する光を出射し、前記管状品の前記端面側の外周縁を全周にわたって照明する第1の光源と、
この第1の光源と前記カメラの間に配置され、前記カメラの撮像領域の外側から前記管状品の中心軸に対して傾斜する光を出射し、前記管状品の前記端面側の内周縁を全周にわたって照明する第2の光源と、を備え、
前記第1の光源および前記第2の光源により前記管状品を照明しながら、前記カメラにより前記管状品を撮像し、撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の外径および肉厚を算出すること、
を特徴とする管状品の検査装置。 - 前記第1の光源および前記第2の光源が、前記管状品の前記中心軸方向に移動可能であること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の管状品の検査装置。 - 前記第1の光源および前記第2の光源が、多数のLED(発光ダイオード)を環状に並べて構成されること、
を特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の管状品の検査装置。 - 前記第1の光源、前記第2の光源および前記カメラを支持し、前記管状品の前記端面に当接する透明板を有する支持部材を備えること、
を特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の管状品の検査装置。 - さらに、前記第2の光源と前記カメラの間に配置され、前記カメラの撮像領域の外側から前記管状品の中心軸に対して傾斜する光を出射し、前記管状品の前記端面側の内周面を全周にわたって照明する第3の光源を備え、
前記第3の光源により前記管状品を照明しながら、前記カメラにより前記管状品を撮像し、撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の内周面の表面欠陥を検出すること、
を特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の管状品の検査装置。 - 管状品を検査する方法であって、
当該検査方法は、
(ステップ1)前記管状品の端面側の外周縁および内周縁のそれぞれを全周にわたり個別の光源によって照明しながら、前記管状品の前記端面の全域をカメラによって撮像すること、
(ステップ2)撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の外径および肉厚を算出すること、の一連の各ステップを含むこと、
を特徴とする管状品の検査方法。 - さらに、(ステップ3)前記管状品の前記端面側の内周面を全周にわたり前記光源と異なる光源によって照明しながら、前記管状品の前記端面の全域を前記カメラによって撮像すること、
(ステップ4)撮像した画像に基づいて前記管状品の内周面の表面欠陥を検出すること、の一連の各ステップを含むこと、
を特徴とする請求項6に記載の管状品の検査方法。
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EP10837292.1A EP2515072A4 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-12-16 | DEVICE AND METHOD FOR INSPECTING TUBULAR PRODUCT |
CN201080057352.0A CN102713506B (zh) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-12-16 | 管状物的检查装置及其检查方法 |
CA2779873A CA2779873C (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-12-16 | Inspection apparatus for tubular product and inspection method therefor |
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JP2018112454A (ja) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-19 | 株式会社アセット・ウィッツ | 管材の内面自動検査装置及び管材内面の自動検査方法 |
JP2018205098A (ja) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-27 | 株式会社アセット・ウィッツ | 管材内面自動検査装置 |
IT201900006925A1 (it) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-16 | Sica Spa | Sistema di controllo della qualità di lavorazione di tubi in materiale termoplastico |
WO2020230075A1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-11-19 | Sica S.P.A. | Quality control system for the processing of thermoplastic pipes and tubes |
KR102584174B1 (ko) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-10-05 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | 인공지능 방식의 자동차용 솔레노이드 밸브 플런저 검사 시스템 |
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CA2779873A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
US9116134B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
US20120249778A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
JP4816817B2 (ja) | 2011-11-16 |
CN102713506A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
EP2515072A4 (en) | 2016-05-11 |
CA2779873C (en) | 2014-08-12 |
CN102713506B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
JPWO2011074261A1 (ja) | 2013-04-25 |
EP2515072A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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