WO2011068220A1 - 乗用型農作業機 - Google Patents
乗用型農作業機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011068220A1 WO2011068220A1 PCT/JP2010/071735 JP2010071735W WO2011068220A1 WO 2011068220 A1 WO2011068220 A1 WO 2011068220A1 JP 2010071735 W JP2010071735 W JP 2010071735W WO 2011068220 A1 WO2011068220 A1 WO 2011068220A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- case
- engine
- rear axle
- gear
- traveling
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
- A01C11/003—Transplanting machines for aquatic plants; for planting underwater, e.g. rice
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/40—Special vehicles
- B60Y2200/41—Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a riding type farm working machine such as a riding type rice transplanter.
- the riding type rice transplanter has a traveling machine supported by the front and rear wheels, and a seedling planting device (seedling planting part) is arranged behind the traveling machine so that the height can be adjusted.
- the traveling machine body is provided with a seat and a steering handle and is equipped with an engine, and traveling and work (for example, seedling) are performed by power from the engine. More specifically, engine power (output) is transmitted to a transmission having a traveling mission case, part of the engine output is transmitted to the front and rear wheels as traveling power, and part of the engine power is transmitted through the inter-stock adjustment unit. It is transmitted to the planting part. If a leveling rotor or fertilizer is provided, these are also driven by the engine power.
- Passenger-type rice transplanters generally have a four-wheel drive system, where power is transmitted from the traveling mission case to the front wheels via the front axle device, and power is transmitted from the traveling mission case to the rear wheels via the rear axle case. Is done. And when it sees about the arrangement
- the engine is placed in the front part of the traveling aircraft, it may be difficult to design because the engine, accessories, and power steering for steering are placed in a narrow space. If it is arranged between the wheels, there is an advantage that there are less restrictions on the layout of the engine, the traveling mission case and the steering mechanism, and the freedom of design is increased.
- the traveling mission case is disposed behind the engine, the rear part of the engine is supported by the traveling mission case, and the front of the engine is arranged.
- the part is supported by a longitudinal support frame.
- the left and right rear axle cases are separated, and power is transmitted individually from the traveling mission case to the left and right rear axle cases.
- the left and right rear axle cases are fixed via a horizontally long rolling rod, and a traveling traveling mission case is disposed in front of the rolling rod.
- a vertical frame extending rearward is fixed to the rear surface of the traveling mission case, and a rolling rod is connected to the vertical frame so as to be capable of rolling (rotatable).
- the engine is supported by a vertical frame.
- the left and right rear axle cases are separated from each other, and power is separately transmitted from the traveling mission case to the left and right rear axle cases.
- the left and right rear axle cases are fixed to the horizontally long rear frame, the rear frame and the traveling mission case are connected by the left and right main frames that are long in the front-rear direction, and the engine is supported by the left and right main frames. Yes.
- rice transplanters can adjust (change) the distance between seedlings (seed distance) in multiple stages by changing the running speed and seedling planting timing. This is done by changing the meshing.
- the gear group for changing the distance between stocks may be built in the traveling mission case or built in the stock case arranged outside the traveling mission case.
- An inter-stock case is fixed to a rear frame connecting the rear axle case.
- Patent Document 4 for example.
- JP 2006-197942 A Japanese Patent No. 2600971 JP 2002-291309 A JP 2006-67969 A
- the planting device arranged behind the riding machine for riding farm work is mounted so as to be able to move up and down, it is preferable that the center of gravity of the running machine is positioned as far as possible.
- the traveling mission case is arranged behind the engine as in Patent Document 1, the center of gravity of the traveling machine body moves backward as much, and this is not necessarily preferable from the viewpoint of weight balance.
- the front wheel support frame and the support frame extending rearward from the left and right intermediate portions constitute a T-type chassis in plan view, and the basic form is such that an engine and a traveling mission case are mounted thereon. Therefore, there is a concern that the number of members increases and the cost increases.
- Patent Document 2 is excellent in terms of stability because the traveling mission case is arranged in front of the engine, but there is anxiety in terms of strength because the vertical frame and the rolling rod rotate relative to each other.
- Patent Document 3 since the left and right main frames are fixed to the rear frame, the traveling mission case, the main frame, and the rear frame constitute a rigid structure. Compared with Patent Document 2, it can be said that the support stability of the engine is high.
- Patent Document 3 since the engine is only supported by the main frame, a large bending load acts on the main frame, which may cause the main frame to have an excessively strong structure.
- the rice transplanter has an uneven body cover with an operation floor and a shoulder, a seat is placed at the shoulder part of the body cover, and a person rests on the shoulder of the body cover. Work such as seedling joining work can be performed.
- the engine is disposed in a space covered by the shoulder of the vehicle body cover.
- the engine since the engine is supported only by the main frame, the engine is installed in the space covered by the shoulder of the vehicle body cover. Of course, it will be located in the front side of the engine, and the engine's hot air will be trapped in the space surrounded by the vehicle body cover and the cooling performance of the engine will deteriorate, or the engine's hot air will be transmitted to the driver and the driving environment will deteriorate There are concerns about the occurrence of problems.
- the inter-case When the inter-case is attached to the rear frame as in Patent Document 3, the advantage that the maintenance and switching operations are easier compared to the system in which the gear group is built in the traveling mission case, and the internal structure of the inter-case is independent of the traveling transmission unit. Since it can be changed, there is an advantage that a traveling mission case and its internal structure can be shared by a plurality of models.
- the rear frame since a large load acts on the inter-case, the rear frame may have an excessively strong structure in the configuration in which the inter-case is attached to the rear frame connecting the left and right rear axle cases as in Patent Document 3. There is.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a current situation, and an object thereof is to provide a more improved riding-type agricultural machine. Further, the present application discloses many new configurations, and providing these new configurations can be regarded as an object of the present application. In other words, the novel configuration disclosed in the present application may be an independent claim.
- the riding-type agricultural machine includes a traveling machine body having a front wheel and a rear wheel, an engine, a traveling mission case, and a rear axle case.
- the engine is positioned behind the traveling mission case, and a rear axle case is further behind the engine.
- the rear axle case is configured to extend in a series of left and right, and left and right rear wheels are attached to the rear axle case, and the traveling mission case and the rear axle case are joint members. It is connected with. Then, the above configuration is used as a basic configuration and is expanded into many configurations as follows.
- the first invention is the above basic configuration, wherein the joint member is fixed to a traveling mission case and a rear axle case so as not to move relative to each other, and the engine is supported by at least the joint member and the rear axle case. ing.
- the front wheel is attached to the traveling transmission case via a front axle device, while the engine is fixed to a front bracket and a rear axle case fixed to the joint member. It is supported from the front and back by the rear bracket.
- the front bracket is inserted between the left and right foot members fixed to the left and right side surfaces of the joint member in a substantially V-shaped posture in a front view of the traveling body and the upper end of the foot member.
- the front part of the engine is fastened to the upper member via an anti-vibration rubber, and is further surrounded by the front bracket and the joint member.
- a rear wheel drive shaft extending from the traveling mission case toward the rear axle case passes through the space.
- a control floor on which the operator is placed, and a seat on which the operator sits with a foot placed on the control floor.
- the engine is disposed below the seat, and the joint member is positioned below the upper surface of the traveling mission case so that the lower surface of the engine is lower than the upper surface of the traveling mission case. Is located.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention embodies any one of the first to thirty-third aspects.
- a work device is connected to the back of the traveling machine body and is taken out from the traveling mission case. Power is transmitted to the working device via a transmission gear group incorporated in the relay gear case, and the relay gear case is directly attached to the rear axle case or indirectly via a bracket. .
- the sixth invention is a preferred embodiment of the fifth invention.
- the joint member is fixed to the rear axle case via a bracket plate
- the relay gear case is fixed to the bracket plate.
- the protruding gear case is fixed to the bracket and the rear axle case.
- both the traveling mission case and the rear axle case have a strong structure because the gear group is arranged inside, and they have high strength.
- the traveling mission case and the rear axle case having a sturdy structure are fixed via the joint member, so that the traveling mission case, the joint member, and the rear axle case form a framework of the traveling machine body. Functions as a material (strength member). For this reason, the traveling machine body can ensure high robustness while simplifying the structure as a whole.
- the joint member and the rear axle case can be used as the engine support member, it is possible to contribute to simplification of the structure of the traveling machine body and cost reduction. Further, since the traveling mission case is arranged in front of the engine, the center of gravity of the traveling machine body can be moved as far forward as possible to contribute to improvement of stability.
- the rear axle case has a sturdy structure because of its function, and the rear axle case extends in the left-right direction. It is supported stably. As a result, an external force that twists the joint member around its axis does not act. Therefore, the engine can be supported stably without making the joint member excessively sturdy.
- the engine since the engine is also supported by the rear axle case, the engine can be placed behind compared to Patent Document 3. For this reason, it is possible to prevent or suppress hot air accumulation and contribute to improving the cooling performance, and it is also possible to prevent the operating environment from deteriorating.
- the traveling power shifted in the traveling mission case is transmitted to the front axle device.
- the front axle device In a riding farm machine, there is a certain distance between the front wheel and the rear wheel (more precisely, between the rotation axis of the front wheel and the rotation axis of the rear wheel), so the front axle is attached to the traveling mission case. As a result, a considerable space is also opened between the traveling mission case and the rear axle case.
- the engine can be supported by a traveling mission case, a joint member, and a rear axle case.
- the length of the front and rear of the engine spans the traveling mission case and the rear axle case. Often not as long. Therefore, as in the second invention, it is realistic to support the front part of the engine with the joint member and the rear part with the rear axle case.
- the design freedom of the joint member and the rear axle case is not hindered.
- the form of the front bracket to be fixed to the joint member can be designed as required.
- the front bracket and the joint member have a triangular structure. For this reason, there is an advantage that the strength against the force of twisting around the axis of the joint member is significantly increased. There is also an advantage that the drive shaft is protected by the front bracket.
- the front axle can be mounted rationally, and the engine can be disposed low by reducing the height of the joint member as much as possible.
- the overall center of gravity of the vehicle can be lowered to improve the stability, and a space for arranging the fuel tank between the seat and the engine can be secured.
- a relay gear case such as an inter-stock case is fixed to the rear axle case.
- the rear axle case has a sturdy structure as described above, a special member is required in the fifth invention.
- the relay gear case can be firmly fixed without any trouble.
- the joint member can be firmly fixed to the rear axle case by, for example, welding the bracket plate to the joint member and fixing the bracket plate to the rear axle case.
- the relay gear case since the relay gear case is also fixed to the bracket plate, the relay gear case can be supported in a wide range and the mounting strength can be improved.
- the bracket plate is used for both fixing the joint member and attaching the relay gear case, the structure can be simplified accordingly.
- FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a rice transplanter according to an embodiment. It is a top view of a rice transplanter. It is a perspective view of a traveling machine body in the state where a vehicle body cover was attached. It is a perspective view of the traveling body with the vehicle body cover removed. It is a side view of the traveling body with the vehicle body cover removed.
- (A) is a side view of the principal part
- (B) is a partial perspective view of a traveling mission case part. It is an isolation
- (A) is a perspective view of a traveling mission case
- (B) is a separated perspective view of the traveling mission case 1 and a joint member.
- (A) is a left side view of the gear group for changing stocks
- (B) is a side view of the main part.
- (A) is the side view for showing an operation system
- (B) is the figure which looked at the case between stocks from the lower part. It is a perspective view of the part centering on the case between stocks. It is the perspective view which looked at the operation system from the right back.
- (A) is the perspective view which looked at the operation system from the left back
- (B) is the perspective view of a clutch operation mechanism part.
- the rice transplanter has a traveling machine body 1 and a seedling planting device 2 as main elements, and the traveling machine body 1 has left and right front wheels 3 and a rear wheel 4.
- the seedling planting device 2 is a method of scraping the seedling mat from the seedling mat one by one with a planting nail, and has a seedling table, a feeding device, and the like.
- the traveling machine body 1 includes a seat 5 and a steering handle 6 disposed in front of the seat 5.
- the seat 5 and the steering handle 6 are disposed at the left and right intermediate positions of the traveling machine body 1.
- the steering handle 6 is provided in a steering mechanism portion covered with a bonnet 7.
- a preliminary seedling stand 8 is provided in front of the seat 5 and on both the left and right sides, and a fertilizer application device 9 is provided behind the seat 5.
- a portion of the traveling machine body 1 on which a person is placed is covered with a vehicle body cover 10, and an operation floor 10 a on which an operator is placed is configured by the vehicle body cover 10.
- the traveling machine body 1 includes a left and right side frame 12 extending in the front-rear direction, a front frame 13 in which the left and right side frames 12 are connected at a portion near the front end, and a rear end of the left and right side frame 12.
- Left and right rear frame 14 connected to each other.
- the side frame 12, the front frame 13, and the rear frame 14 constitute a vehicle body frame (chassis) that forms the core of the framework of the traveling machine body 1.
- a bumper 15 is disposed in front of the side frame 12.
- the side frame 12 is bent so that the substantially first half portion is in a substantially horizontal posture and the second half portion is in a backward tilted posture with the front and rear intermediate portions as a boundary.
- the rear half of the side frame 12 is an inclined portion 12a that increases in height toward the rear.
- left and right side frames 12 are fixed to each of the two outward branch frames 16 located on the front side by laterally extending outward branch frames 16 protruding outward.
- the seedling stand 8 is fixed.
- auxiliary frames 17 extending in the front-rear direction are arranged in parallel to each other on the left and right outer sides of the side frame 12 in plan view.
- the auxiliary frame 17 is welded to the outward branch frame 16.
- the engine 18 is arranged in a position in the side frame 12 below the inclined portion 12a in a side view with the crankshaft 18c being horizontally long, in front of the engine 18 and A traveling mission case 19 constituting a traveling transmission is disposed below the horizontal portion of the side frame 12.
- the traveling mission case 19 is covered from above with a control floor 10 a of the vehicle body cover 10.
- the traveling mission case 19 is disposed below the control floor 10a.
- the traveling mission case 19 includes a gear group, a clutch, a brake, and the like.
- an HST (hydrostatic hydraulic continuously variable transmission) 20 as an example of a continuously variable transmission is attached to the left side surface of the traveling mission case 19. Is sent to the HST 20 by the belt 21.
- the engine 18 is disposed in an inclined posture in which the cylinder bore is inclined backward with respect to the vertical line, and the backward inclination angle is substantially the same as the inclination angle of the inclined portion 12 a in the side frame 12.
- the engine 18 includes a generator 18d and a silencer 18e as auxiliary machines.
- the generator 18d is disposed on the left side of the cylinder head (or engine body) 18h, and the silencer 18e is disposed above the cylinder head 18h.
- an air cleaner 18f is disposed on the right side of the silencer 18e. Note that the silencer 18d and the air cleaner 18f are both covered with a cover, and the cover is depicted as an appearance in the drawing.
- the generator 18d is driven by a crankshaft 18c via a belt 18g.
- the front axle device 22 is attached to the left and right side surfaces of the front portion of the traveling mission case 19, and the front wheel 3 is rotatably supported by the front axle device 22.
- the seat 5 is positioned substantially at the middle of the left and right sides of the traveling machine body 1 and generally above the front half of the inclined portion 12a of the side frame 12 in a side view.
- the engine 18 is arranged so that the front portion thereof overlaps the seat 5 in plan view. Therefore, the engine 18 protrudes behind the seat 5 at a rate of about half of the rear or more. There is a large space between the seat 5 and the engine 18, and the fuel tank 23 is disposed in this space.
- a rear axle case 25 is disposed obliquely behind the engine 18, and the rear wheel 4 is fixed to a rear axle 25c (see FIG. 4) protruding left and right from the rear axle case 25 so as not to be relatively rotatable.
- the rear axle case 25 has a configuration in which left and right rearwardly projecting portions 25b are projected from a left and right longitudinal base portion 25a, and a rear axle 25c is provided on the rearwardly projecting portion 25b.
- a rear column 27 is fixed to the left and right rearward projecting portions 25b via brackets 26 (see FIGS. 7 and 9), and the rear column 27 is fixed to the rear frame 14.
- the rear column 27 is slightly inclined forward in side view.
- a link mechanism including a top link 28 and a lower link 29 is connected to the rear end of the traveling machine body 1, and the seedling planting device 2 is connected to a hitch 30 connected to both the links 28 and 29.
- the top link 28 is connected to the rear column 27 so as to be vertically rotatable
- the lower link 29 is connected to the rear column 27 so as to be vertically rotatable.
- the link mechanism is rotated up and down by a hydraulic lifting cylinder 31 connected to the rear frame 14.
- the traveling mission case 19 and the rear axle case 25 are connected by a hollow rectangular joint member 32.
- a power steering unit 34 is fixed to the front frame 13 via a bracket 33, and the power steering unit 34 and the front end portion of the traveling mission case 19 are fixed with bolts.
- the power steering unit 34 also serves as the structural material of the traveling machine body 1, but the power steering unit 34 has a built-in gear and has a sturdy structure, and thus functions as a structural material. Can be fully demonstrated.
- the traveling mission case 19 generally has a hollow structure in which the left and right cases are fastened with bolts. As can be understood from FIGS. 7 and 10, the traveling mission case 19 is stepped downward at the front portion. Left and right protrusions 19a and 19b are formed, and a front axle device 22 is attached to the left and right protrusions 19a and 19b. The left protrusion 19a protrudes greatly because the differential device is disposed inside.
- the rear side of the traveling mission case 19 where the HST 20 is fixed is cut out in plan view. That is, the left side portion of the traveling mission case 19 is formed with a left step portion 36 that is exposed rearward and leftward, and a drive output shaft 37 projects rearwardly below the left step portion 36.
- a drive shaft (specifically, a rear wheel drive shaft) 38 (see FIG. 5) is connected to the drive output shaft 37 via a universal joint, and the rear end of the drive shaft 38 is an input shaft provided in the rear axle case 25. (Not shown) is connected via a universal joint.
- the base portion 25a of the rear axle case 25 incorporates left and right horizontally long shafts, and power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the horizontally long shaft via the bevel gear, and then from the horizontally long shaft to the rear axle 25c via the flat gear group. Power is transmitted. Accordingly, the rear axle case 25 has a base portion 25a that extends long in the left-right direction, and a rearwardly projecting portion 25b is provided at both left and right ends of the base portion 25a.
- the rear axle case 25 is a cast product, for example, and has a sturdy structure to support the gear group and the shaft.
- a fixed portion 39 that opens forward is formed in a portion of the traveling mission case 19 below the left step portion 36.
- the fixed portion 39 is exposed on both the left and right sides.
- a U-shaped holder bracket 40 that holds the fixed portion 39 of the traveling mission case 19 is welded to the front end of the joint member 32, and the holder bracket 40 is fixed to the fixed portion 39 with bolts 41. Yes.
- Two types of bolts 41 are used, one extending in the left-right direction and the other extending in the front-rear direction. For this reason, the joint member 32 and the traveling mission case 19 are firmly fixed.
- the fixing structure of the joint member 32 and the rear axle case 25 is clearly shown in FIG. That is, the end plate 42 is fixed to the rear end surface of the joint member 32 by welding, and the end plate 42 is fixed to the fixing portion 43 on the front surface of the rear axle case 25 with the bolts 44.
- the end plate 42 corresponds to the bracket plate described in the claims.
- the fixing portion 43 of the rear axle case 25 protrudes forward from the base portion 25a and has a hollow structure that opens forward.
- a working power output unit 45 projecting sideways is provided at the rear portion of the right side surface portion of the traveling mission case 19, and a work power output shaft 46 is provided on the working power output unit 45. It is connected via a universal joint.
- This work power output shaft 46 is connected to the inter-strain adjustment device 47, which is slightly shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, and the relationship between the rotational speed of the front and rear wheels 3 and 4 and the driving timing of the planting device is adjusted between the strains. By adjusting with the apparatus 47, the planting interval (between strains) of seedlings is adjusted (details of the inter-strain adjustment apparatus 47 will be described later).
- end plate 42 of the joint member 32 is provided with an overhanging portion 42a protruding to the right side, and the stock case constituting the inter-stock adjustment device is also fixed to the overhanging portion 42a.
- the engine 18 has a front portion attached to a front bracket 48 fixed to the joint member 32, and a rear portion attached to the rear axle case 25 via a rear bracket 49.
- the front bracket 48 includes left and right foot portions 50 fixed to the side surfaces of the joint member 32 and an upper member 51 disposed so as to be inserted between the left and right foot portions 50.
- the foot 50 is made of a channel material and spreads to the left and right as it goes up in a front view. For this reason, the left and right feet 50 have a substantially V-shaped posture.
- the upper member 51 is mounted on the foot part 50 via a cylindrical front vibration isolating rubber 52, and the upper member 51, the front vibration isolating rubber 52, and the foot part 50 are fastened together by bolts.
- the front anti-vibration rubber 52 has a posture in which its axial center is tilted backward with respect to the vertical line. For this reason, the upper surface of the foot member 50 and the upper member 51 are at a certain angle with respect to the horizontal plane in a side view. It tilts backward at ⁇ 1. In other words, the support surface of the front anti-vibration rubber 52 is inclined at an angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the horizontal.
- a horizontal portion 51a is provided at the rear end of the upper member 51, and the engine 18 is fastened to the horizontal portion 51a with a bolt 53 and a nut. More precisely, outward flange portions 18 a and 18 b are provided at the lower end of the cylinder block constituting the engine 18, and the front flange portion 18 a is fastened to the upper member 51 of the front bracket 48.
- the foot portion 50 of the front bracket 48 has a V-shaped posture, a space with a reverse trapezoidal shape in front view surrounded by the front bracket 48 and the joint member 32 exists.
- the drive shaft 38 described above passes. To be precise, the drive shaft 38 is inclined backward with respect to the horizontal as shown in FIG. 6 and inclined toward the left as it goes backward in the plan view as shown in FIG. In this way, it passes through the space surrounded by the front bracket 48 and the joint member 32 in a posture inclined in a side view and a plan view.
- the rear bracket 49 is fixed to the base portion 25a of the rear axle case 25, but is not directly fixed, but is attached to a pair of left and right auxiliary brackets 54 fixed to the rear axle case 25.
- the auxiliary bracket 54 has an upper horizontal portion 54a and a lower vertical portion 54b, and an inclined portion inclined backward with respect to the horizontal plane is formed between the two.
- the upper horizontal portion 54a projects upward from the rear axle case 25.
- the lower vertical part 54 b is fixed to the front surface of the rear axle case 25 with bolts.
- a cylindrical rear vibration isolator rubber 56 is mounted on the inclined portion of the auxiliary bracket 54, and the rear bracket 49, the rear anti vibration isolator 56, and the auxiliary bracket 54 are integrally fastened with bolts and nuts.
- the rear vibration isolating rubber 56 has its axial center inclined forward with respect to the vertical line. Therefore, the portion of the rear bracket 49 that overlaps the rear anti-vibration rubber 56 is also inclined forward by a slight angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the horizontal. (In other words, the support surface of the rear antivibration rubber 56 is inclined at an angle of ⁇ 2 with respect to the horizontal.)
- ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are set equal to each other, but can be set to different angles as in a modification described later.
- An upper horizontal portion 49a is formed at the front end of the rear bracket 49, and a rear flange portion 18b of the engine 18 is fastened to the upper horizontal portion 49a with a bolt 53 (see FIG. 6).
- the anti-vibration rubbers 52 and 56 are inclined at (90 ° - ⁇ 1) and (90 ° - ⁇ 2) with respect to the horizontal, respectively, with respect to the axis (line extending in the direction of expansion / contraction).
- auxiliary bracket 54 is fastened to the boss portion 55 so that the rear vibration isolation rubber 56 can be easily attached. That is, it is for securing the arrangement space of the nut inside the auxiliary bracket 54.
- the front and rear flange portions 18a and 18b of the engine 18 have a pair of left and right holes 57 and 58 into which the bolts 53 are fitted. Then, by taking either one of the left or right holes 57, 58 as a long slot in the left and right direction, it is possible to absorb the machining error and assembly error of each member so that the engine 18 can be assembled without fail. is doing. Also, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the bolt holes of the front bracket 48 and the rear axle case 25 are set to include three elongated holes 59 and two round holes 60 that are arranged to the left and right. By making one of the long holes 59, it is possible to absorb processing errors and assembly errors. Further, by providing two round holes 60, it is possible to cope with two types of engines 18 having different sizes.
- a tension pulley 62 hits the belt 21 that transmits the power of the engine 18 to the HST 20 from above.
- the tension pulley 62 is attached to a rotary arm, and an appropriate tension is applied to the belt 21 by pulling the arm downward with a spring, but the lower end of the spring pulling the arm is
- the bracket is fixed to the upper member 51 constituting the front bracket 48. That is, the front bracket 48 also constitutes part of the tension applying means of the belt 21. For this reason, the structure can be simplified as a whole.
- the lifting cylinder is arranged in an inclined posture in front view of the rear axle case, but in this embodiment, the lifting cylinder 31 is suspended from the rear frame 14. For this reason, the engine 18 can be arranged as far back as possible without being obstructed by the lift cylinder 31, and as a result, it can be easily supported by the rear axle case 25. This is an advantage of the present embodiment.
- the axial center of the front vibration isolating rubber 52 When the axial center of the front vibration isolating rubber 52 is inclined in a side view as in this embodiment, the component of the forward pulling force acting on the engine 18 via the belt 21 compresses the front vibration isolating rubber 52. Therefore, it has an excellent support function. Further, the axes of the front vibration isolation rubber 52 and the rear vibration isolation rubber 56 are inclined in a palmed posture in a side view (that is, in a posture that intersects when both axial centers go up). The support stability of the engine 18 is excellent.
- an oil injection port 61 can be provided at the lower end portion of the engine 18 and at the front end portion and the rear end portion. As shown in FIG. 7, the oil injection port 61 is located at the left end of the engine 18, but the rear end surface of the traveling mission case 19 is shifted to the right side of the oil injection port 61. Can be inserted and removed without being obstructed by the traveling mission case 19. It is also possible to use the rear oil injection port 61. In this case, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to remove the vehicle body cover 10 one by one.
- the oil injection port may be provided in another part.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 show modified examples. This modified example is basically the same as the above-described embodiment, and is different in several points.
- the generator 18d is arranged almost directly above the crankshaft 18c, and the silencer 18e is arranged behind the generator 18d. That is, a large space is provided behind the generator 18d, and the large silencer 18e is disposed in this space, and therefore engine noise can be significantly suppressed.
- a notch 23 a is formed on the left side of the fuel tank 23.
- the inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the front antivibration rubber 52 are different. That is, for example, in FIG. 6, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are set to be slightly less than 30 °, but in the modified examples of FIGS. 12 and 13, ⁇ 1 is set to about 45 ° and ⁇ 2 is set to about 35 °. Since the miso-sin case 19 is disposed in front of the engine 18, the engine 18 tends to be pulled forward by the belt 21 as indicated by a line with an arrow O1, but ⁇ 1 is as large as about 45 °. Because of the angle, the external force that pulls the engine 18 forward is firmly supported by the front anti-vibration rubber 52 (or by the front bracket 48).
- Patent Document 1 Even in Patent Document 1, the engine is disposed in an inclined posture, but the vibration isolating rubber is merely placed on a horizontal bracket, and therefore when the engine is pulled by a belt, the engine is pulled away from the vibration isolating rubber. The engine stability may be degraded. On the other hand, in this embodiment, even if the engine 18 is pulled forward by the belt 21, the tensile force acts to compress the front vibration isolating rubber 52, and thus the support stability of the engine 18 is excellent. It is.
- the extension line O2 of the shaft center of the front vibration isolating rubber 52 and the extension line O3 of the rear vibration isolating rubber 56 intersect each other in the vicinity of the center of gravity of the engine 18 in a side view, and therefore, an effect of preventing vibration is also obtained. high. That is, the vibration isolating effect of the engine 18 is most effectively exhibited when a load accompanying vibration acts on the supporting surfaces of the anti-vibration rubbers 52 and 56 from the perpendicular direction. If it is higher than the intersection of the extension lines O1 and O2, the head is swung so that the vibration suppressing effect is not sufficiently exerted. Conversely, the center of gravity of the engine 18 is extended between the extension lines O1 and O2 of both axes.
- the vibration suppressing effect is not sufficiently exhibited.
- the intersection of the extension lines O1 and O2 of both axes and the engine 18 When the center of gravity is approximately coincident with or close to the center of gravity, the vibration of the engine 18 can be effectively suppressed and high anti-vibration performance can be exhibited.
- the tension pulley 21 a is connected to a free end of an arm 63 that is rotatably connected to the engine body, and the arm 63 is pulled downward by a spring 64.
- the lower end of the spring 64 is connected to a bracket 65 fixed to the upper member 51 constituting the front bracket 48 (this is the same as in the above-described embodiment).
- the air cleaner 18f is disposed on the right side of the cylinder head 18h, so that the cylinder head 18h is exposed upward.
- a notch 66 opened rearward is formed in the shoulder 10b of the vehicle body cover 10 and covered with a detachable lid 67.
- the lid 67 is located above the cylinder head 18h. (It is also possible to make a window hole in the shoulder 10b of the body cover 10 and close the window hole with a lid 67).
- the vehicle body cover 10 has to be removed one by one for simple maintenance of the peripheral portion of the cylinder head 18h such as replacement of a spark plug, but in this embodiment, the cylinder head 18h can be simply removed by removing the lid 67. It is user friendly because it allows easy maintenance of the surrounding area. This is one of the advantages of the present embodiment, and can be an independent invention as an improvement over the prior art.
- the stock change device 47 includes a stock case 70, and members such as gears are arranged inside the stock case 47.
- the inter-strain case 70 is formed in a hollow shape by overlapping and fixing two shell bodies on the front and rear sides. From the inter-strain case 70, an input shaft 71 projects forward and an output shaft (PTO shaft) 72 projects rearward. A shaft 73 protrudes upward. Further, the first operation shaft 74 and the second operation shaft 75 are arranged on the front surface so as to be separated from each other vertically, and the main clutch operation shaft 76 projects from the upper surface.
- FIG. 18B is a view of the inter-case case 70 turned upside down.
- a rib-like lower fastening portion 77 protruding downward is provided at the lower end of the inter-case case 70.
- a tap hole 78 is provided in the lower fastening portion 77.
- a protruding portion 42 a facing right is formed on the end plate 42 fixed to the rear end of the joint member 29, and the protruding portion 42 a is overlapped with the lower fastening portion 77 of the inter-case 70 from the front. It is concluded at 79.
- a horizontal piece 42 b extending to the projecting portion 42 a is provided at the lower end of the end plate 42, and thus has a sturdy structure.
- an L-shaped rear bracket 81 is fixed to a lateral boss 80 provided at the rear portion of the stock case 70 with a lateral bolt 82, and a horizontal piece of the rear bracket 81 is fixed to the rear axle case 25 with a longitudinal bolt 83. is doing.
- the rear axle case 25 is provided with an upward boss body 84 that supports the rear bracket 81.
- the stock case 70 is located on the right side of the engine 18 in a plan view.
- the input shaft 71 and the output shaft 72 are arranged concentrically.
- a cylindrical intermediate shaft 87 is fitted to the input shaft 71 so as to be capable of relative rotation, and the intermediate shaft 87 is fitted in a state of rotating together with the output shaft 72 (a state in which relative rotation is impossible).
- a third gear 88 and a fourth gear 89 are slidably fitted to the intermediate shaft 87 by spline fitting or the like so as not to be relatively rotatable.
- a first inconstant speed gear 90 is fitted on the intermediate shaft 87 so as to be freely rotatable and slidable.
- the camshaft main clutch 91 is provided on the output shaft 72.
- the main clutch 91 includes a fixed part 91a and a slide part 91b.
- the slide part 91b is biased toward the fixed part 91a by a clutch spring 92 (see FIG. 21A).
- a clutch spring 92 see FIG. 21A.
- the main clutch 91 is disengaged when traveling on the road or turning during planting work. The disengagement operation of the main clutch 91 is performed by lowering the main clutch operation shaft 76.
- An idle shaft 94 extending in parallel with the input shaft 71 and the output shaft 72 in a side view is rotatably supported in the inter-case 70, and the first gear 85 or the second gear 86 is supported on the idle shaft 94.
- the fifth gear 95 that can be engaged is fitted so as to be slidable and relatively non-rotatable by spline fitting or the like.
- the fifth gear 95 has about twice the number of teeth of the first gear 85 or the second gear 86, the first position meshed with the first gear 85, the second position meshed with the second gear 86, Further, the neutral position separated from the second gears 85 and 86 can be selected.
- one fifth gear 95 is selectively meshed with the first gear 85 or the second gear 86, but meshed with the first gear 85 as shown in FIG. 19C as another example.
- the first reduction gear 95a to be engaged and the second reduction gear 95b to be engaged with the second gear 86 are provided in one slide cylinder, and either of the reduction gears 95a and 95b is obtained by moving the slide cylinder by operating the lever. It is also possible to adopt a configuration for transmitting power to the motor (in this case, since a gear having a simple shape can be used, it is advantageous in design).
- the ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear 95 to the first gear 85 and the second gear 86 is set, for example, to a ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear 95 to the first gear 85 to 2.0 times.
- the ratio of the number of teeth of the fifth gear 95 to the gear ratio can be set to about 2.3 times (in the case of the modification of FIG. 19C, the ratio of the first reduction gear 95a to the first gear 85)
- the ratio of the second reduction gear 95b to the second gear 86 can be set to about 2.3 times.
- the idle shaft 94 always meshes with the sixth gear 96 that meshes with and disengages from the third gear 88, the seventh gear 97 that meshes with and disengages with the fourth gear 89, and the first inconstant speed gear 90.
- the second inconstant speed gear 98 is fixed.
- the ratio of the number of teeth of the seventh gear 97 to the fourth gear 89 is set to be smaller than the ratio of the sixth gear 96 to the third gear 88. Therefore, the rotation speed of the intermediate shaft 87 (and the output shaft 72) is higher in the state in which the fourth gear 89 and the seventh gear 97 are engaged than in the state in which the third gear 88 and the sixth gear 96 are engaged. Is lower.
- the ratio of the number of teeth of the sixth gear 96 to the third gear 88 is about 1.94
- the ratio of the number of teeth of the seventh gear 97 to the fourth gear 89 is about 1. 41.
- the first inconstant speed gear 90 and the second inconstant speed gear 98 are non-circular profiles such as ellipses, and the number of teeth is set to be the same. Therefore, in a state where the rotation of the idle shaft 94 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 87 and the output shaft 72 via both inconstant speed gears 90 and 98, the rotational speeds of the idle shaft 94 and the output shaft 72 are the same, and The output shaft 72 rotates with the angular velocity periodically changed.
- the two inconstant speed gears 90 and 98 are non-circular and are always kept in an engaged state due to the peculiarity that the engaging posture is fixed.
- the fourth gear 89 and the first inconstant speed gear 90 are provided with an intermediate clutch 99 that can be engaged and separated.
- the fourth gear 89 slides further to the right from the state of FIG. 19 (A) once through the state of meshing with the seventh gear 97.
- the intermediate clutch 99 is engaged.
- the power of the idle shaft 94 is transmitted to the output shaft 72 via the inconstant speed gears 98 and 90.
- the intermediate clutch 99 When the intermediate clutch 99 is engaged, the third gear 88 and the fourth gear 89 are idling. Accordingly, the intermediate clutch 99 functions to disconnect the connection between the intermediate shaft 87 and the first inconstant speed gear 90.
- a movable clutch body is provided on the intermediate shaft 87, and this is slid to form a clutch body of the second inconstant speed gear 98. It is possible to cut off the power, but in this case, a shifter or lever for moving the movable clutch body is required separately.
- the intermediate clutch 99 can be turned on and off by a lever for operating the third gear 88 and the fourth gear 89, there is an advantage that the structure becomes very simple.
- FIG. 19A shows a neutral state in which power is not transmitted from the input shaft 71 to the output shaft 72.
- the intermediate shaft 87 slides, and the third gear 88 and the fourth gear 89 are selectively engaged with the sixth gear 96 and the seventh gear 97, respectively, so that the number of rotations of the idle shaft 94 is changed to the intermediate shaft 87 ( The signal is amplified and transmitted to the output shaft 72). Also in this case, the amplification factor is higher when the sixth gear 96 is engaged with the third gear 88 as described above. Further, when the intermediate shaft 87 slides and the intermediate clutch 99 is engaged, the rotation of the idle shaft 94 is transmitted to the intermediate shaft 87 (output shaft 72). In this case, the ratio of the rotational speeds of the idle shaft 94 and the intermediate shaft 87 (output shaft 72) is 1: 1 as described above.
- a fertilizer rotating shaft 100 extending in parallel with the input shaft 71 and the output shaft 72 is rotatably disposed on the upper part of the inter-case case 70, and an eighth gear meshing with the first gear 85 is engaged with the fertilizing rotating shaft 100.
- a gear 101 is fitted in a relatively rotatable manner, and a fertilization clutch 102 is provided.
- the fertilizer application clutch 78 is composed of a fixed part 102a fixed to the eighth gear 101, and a slide part 102b that is slidably attached to the fertilizer rotation shaft 100 by spline fitting or the like and is relatively non-rotatable.
- the slide part 102b is biased toward the fixed part 102a by a spring.
- the fertilizer rotating shaft 100 and the fertilizer driving shaft 73 are provided with a pair of bevel gears 103 that mesh with each other.
- the operation mode of the first operation shaft 74, the second operation shaft 75 and the main clutch operation shaft 76 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
- the first operation shaft 74 is for sliding the fifth gear 95, and has the first shifter 104 for sliding the fifth gear 95.
- the fifth gear 95 is provided with a first shifter receiver 105 that engages with the first shifter 104 so as to be relatively rotatable.
- the fifth gear 95 is engaged with the first gear 85, and conversely, when the first operation shaft 74 is fully pushed to the rear side, the fifth gear 95 is engaged with the second gear 86.
- the fifth gear 95 can be held in a neutral state where it does not mesh with the first gear 85 and the second gear 86. It is held in one of the fully pushed states.
- the second operating shaft 75 is for sliding the intermediate shaft 87, and a plurality of annular grooves 106 are provided on the intermediate shaft 87, while the second operating shaft 75 has an annular groove 106 of the intermediate shaft 87.
- the fourth gear 89 can be switched to three positions: a state where the fourth gear 89 is engaged with the seventh gear 97 and a state where the intermediate clutch 99 is engaged.
- a lever bracket 108 is disposed in front of the stock case 70.
- the lever bracket 108 is L-shaped in a front view having an upward side plate 108a, and is provided with a downward piece 108b (see FIG. 22B) at its lower end, and the downward piece 108b is attached to the front surface of the stock case 70 with a bolt 109. It is fixed.
- a pin 112 (see FIG. 23B) is provided on the lever bracket 108 so that the first operating lever 110 for operating the first operating shaft 74 and the second operating lever 111 for operating the second operating shaft 75 rotate substantially horizontally. , 25 (A)).
- the base of the first operating lever 110 is substantially U-shaped and the lower end extends long, and the tip of the long extending portion protrudes outward from the first long hole 113 formed in the side plate 108a of the lever bracket 108. .
- a finger pad 110 a is attached to the tip of the first operation lever 110.
- the first operating lever 110 is bent so as to rise outward from the lever bracket 108, and the locking portion 110 b is attached to the first operating shaft 74. It fits into the formed notch groove 114. For this reason, the first operating lever 110 can be horizontally rotated to switch between two positions sandwiching the neutral position.
- the second operating lever 111 is also substantially U-shaped, and the U-shaped base is located at the base of the first operating lever 110 as shown in FIG. 25 (A). For this reason, both levers 110 and 111 are connected by a single pin 112 so as to be horizontally rotatable. Accordingly, it is possible to make it more compact and to contribute to cost reduction.
- a cylindrical block body 115 is fitted to the second operation shaft 75 so as to be position-adjustable by a nut, and upper and lower headed pins 116 provided on the block body 115. Is fitted in the upper and lower elongated holes 117 formed in the second operation lever 111.
- the headed pin 116 has a T shape, and is inserted into the second operation shaft 75 in the posture after being rotated by 90 ° after fitting the elongated hole 117 of the second operation lever 110.
- the upper piece of the second operation lever 111 extends longer than the lower piece, and this upper piece penetrates the second elongated hole 90 provided in the side plate 108a of the lever bracket 108.
- a finger pad 111 a is also attached to the tip of the second operation lever 111.
- a portion of the second operating lever 111 that fits into the second elongated hole 90 is provided with a downward locking piece 111 b, while the lower end of the second elongated hole 118.
- three locking grooves 118a into which the locking pieces 111b are fitted and removed are formed so as to jump along the front-rear direction. Therefore, the second operation lever 111 (the second operation shaft 75) can be selectively held at three positions.
- the side plate 108a of the lever bracket 108 is provided with a display showing the relationship between the positions of the levers 110 and 111 and the number of stocks. That is, the fact that the number of stocks decreases or increases depending on the movement position of the first operating lever 110 is displayed by letters “few” and “many”, and the upper and lower sides sandwiching the second elongated hole 118. Corresponds to the wording indicating the function of the first control lever 110, and the letters “few” and “many” are displayed, and the number of strains is displayed above and below the second slot 90. is doing.
- the display combination of the levers 110 and 111 is also one of the features of this embodiment, and can be an independent invention.
- a rod-shaped first cam 76a is fixed to the main clutch operation shaft 76, and a ring-shaped second cam 120 overlaps the first cam 76a from the rear.
- the second cam 120 is fitted to the output shaft 72 so as to be free to rotate, and the second cam 120 is fitted to the output shaft 72 so as to be non-rotatable and slidable.
- the slide parts 91b are connected so as to be relatively rotatable and non-slidable.
- the second cam 120 is urged forward by a clutch spring 121.
- the contact surface between the first cam 76a and the second cam 120 is inclined with respect to the axis of the main clutch operating shaft 76 in a side view, and the second cam 120 pushes against the clutch spring 121 when the first cam 76a rises. As a result, the main clutch 91 enters the slide part 91b. When the first cam 76a is lowered, the second cam 120 moves backward against the clutch spring 92, and then the main clutch 91 is cut off by the slide part 91b moving backward from the fixed part 91a.
- a top bracket 122 having a U-shaped rearward opening is fixed to the upper end portion of the stock case 70 in plan view, and a left and right operation shaft 123 is attached to the top bracket 122.
- an annular groove is formed in the main clutch operation shaft 76, and a rearward first arm 124 fixed to the operation shaft 123 is fitted in the annular groove of the main clutch operation shaft 76.
- An upward second arm 125 is fixed to the operating shaft 123, and the rear end of the longitudinally longitudinal rod 126 is connected to the second arm 125 with a pin (in FIGS. 24 and 25, the rod 126 is a second one. It is displayed in a state separated from the arm 125.) Then, as shown in FIG. 22A, the lever panel 127 is disposed above the portion where the side frame 9 starts to tilt, and the operation rod 126 is connected to the lower end of the third arm 128 having the upper end connected to the lever panel 127. The front ends of the are connected.
- the lower end of the third arm 128 is connected to one end of a cable-contained wire 130 via a spring 129, and the other end of the wire 130 is a planting operation lever 131 provided on the right side of the steering handle 6 (see FIG. 3). It is connected to.
- the rod 126 is pulled forward through the third arm 128 by the operation of the planting operation lever 131, the main clutch operation shaft 76 rises and the main clutch 91 is engaged.
- a torsion-type torsion spring 132 is fitted in the operating shaft 123, and urges the operating shaft 123 in the clutch engagement direction.
- a flanged shifter 133 is attached to the slide part 102b constituting the fertilizer application clutch 102 so as to be relatively rotatable and non-slidable.
- the shifter 133 is attached by a spring 134 in the entering direction. It is energized.
- the flat surface provided at the lower end of the fertilization clutch operating shaft 135 is opposed to the side surface of the flange 133 a received by the shifter 133.
- the fertilizing clutch operating shaft 135 is rotatably supported by the inter-case 70, and the fertilizing clutch 102 is engaged with the flat surface at the lower end thereof being in close contact with the flange 133a of the shifter 133.
- the shifter 133 and the slide part 102b retreat against the spring 134, and the fertilization clutch 102 is cut off.
- the upper end portion of the fertilization clutch operation shaft 135 protrudes upward from the inter-case 70, and the fourth arm 138 is fixed to the fertilization clutch operation shaft 125, and the fourth arm 136 and the operation shaft 123 are fixed.
- the second arm 125 fixed to the wire is connected by a wire 137.
- the stock change device 47 in the traveling mission case 13 or to fix the stock case 70 to the traveling mission case 13, but the stock case 70 is located near the rear axle case 25 as in this embodiment. If it arrange
- the idle shaft 94 can be arranged beside the input shaft 71 and the output shaft 72.
- the stock change is made. Since the lateral width of the device 47 can be made as small as possible, the inter-case case 70 can be brought as close to the inside of the traveling machine body 1 as possible, and as a result, it can be prevented that an object hits the inter-case case 70.
- the stock is switched between six stages, but the number of switching stages can be set arbitrarily.
- the number of stocks (between stocks) such as 37 stocks and 43 stocks can be set as necessary.
- the lever is not limited to a pivoting type such as a horizontal pivoting type, and various types such as a rotating type (a picking type and a handle type) and a method of sliding on an axis can be adopted.
- Patent Document 4 has been conventionally performed to change between stocks by operating the lever, and Patent Document 4 is presumed to have two levers.
- Patent Literature 4 incorporates the inter-stock adjustment unit in the traveling mission case, an operation lever is also provided in the traveling mission case.
- the traveling mission case is disposed below the vehicle body cover, the operation can be performed. It is troublesome.
- the levers 110 and 111 can be operated very easily.
- it since it has two (plural) levers, it can be adjusted in multiple stages.
- the inter-strain adjustment device 47 can be made compact.
- the operation levers 110 and 111 are configured to be pivotable as in the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the shifters 104 and 107 can be easily slid by the lever principle.
- the rotation of the input shaft is first decelerated. This is nothing but the rotation speed of the input shaft is higher than that of the conventional shaft if the rotation speed of the output shaft is the same as that of the conventional shaft.
- seedling planting work can be performed at a low speed while rotating the input shaft of the inter- stock changer at a higher speed than before.
- torsional deformation can be remarkably suppressed by reducing the stress per rotation (this makes it possible to prevent the shifting of the locus of the planting nail and realize proper planting).
- the present invention provides an engine in a low-speed work load area without complicating the traveling transmission by providing a speed reduction function in the most upstream portion of the transmission mechanism as the inter-change device. The rotation speed can be maintained. This is an advantage of the present embodiment.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose inter-stock change devices, but these have problems in operability and functions. On the other hand, this embodiment has many advantages as described above. Therefore, the provision of an improved inter- stock change apparatus can be regarded as a problem (purpose) of the present application.
- the present invention can be embodied in various ways other than the above embodiment.
- the application target is not limited to a rice transplanter, and can also be applied to other riding-type agricultural machines such as a scraper and a vegetable transplanter.
- the structure and orientation of the engine can be selected as needed. For example, it is possible to arrange the cylinder bore in a vertical posture, or to arrange the crankshaft in a posture extending in the front-rear direction.
- the design of the structure of the traveling mission case, joint members, and rear axle case can be changed arbitrarily as long as the functions are not impaired.
- the joint member can be a round pipe or a channel material.
- the invention of the present application can be embodied in a riding type agricultural machine such as a rice transplanter and has high utility. Therefore, it can be used industrially.
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Abstract
Description
まず、田植機の概要を説明する。図1,2に示すように、田植機は主要要素として走行機体1と苗植装置2とを有しており、走行機体1は左右の前輪3と後輪4を有する。苗植装置2は苗マットから植付け爪で1株ずつ掻き取る方式であり、苗台や送り装置等を有しているが、本願発明との直接の関連はないので説明は省略する。
次に、走行ミッションケース19とジョイント部材32とリアアクスルケース25との連結構造を説明する。まず、走行ミッションケース19とジョイント部材32との関係を説明する。
次にエンジン18の支持構造を説明する。例えば図9に示すように、エンジン18は、その前部はジョイント部材32に固定した前部ブラケット48に取り付けられ、その後部は後部ブラケット49を介してリアアクスルケース25に取り付けられている。前部ブラケット48は、ジョイント部材32の側面に固定された左右の足部50と、左右の足部50に差して配置された上部材51とを有している。
以上のとおり、本実施形態ではジョイント部材32を設けて走行ミッションケース19とリアアクスルケース25とを走行機体1の構造材に兼用しているのみならず、リアアクスルケース25とジョイント部材32とでエンジン18を支持しているため、走行機体1の全体の構造を簡単化できる。また、発明の効果で説明した各効果を発揮する。
図12,13では変形例を表示している。この変形例は基本的には既述の実施形態と同じであり、何点かの点で相違している。第1の相違点として、発電機18dをクランク軸18cの略真上に配置し、発電機18dの後ろ側に消音器18eを配置している。つまり、発電機18dの後ろに大きなスペースを空けて、このスペースに大型の消音器18eを配置しているのであり、このためエンジン音を著しく抑制できる。発電機18dと燃料タンク23とが干渉することを防止するため、燃料タンク23の左側部には切欠き部23aを形成している。
次に、株間変更装置47を説明する。まず、主として図17,18に基づいて外観と取り付け構造と内部機構とを説明する。株間変更装置47は株間ケース70を有しており、株間ケース47の内部にギア等の部材が配置されている。株間ケース70は前後2個のシェル体を重ね固定して中空状に形成されており、株間ケース70からは、入力軸71が前向き突出し、出力軸(PTO軸)72が後ろ向きに突出し、施肥駆動軸73が上向きに突出している。また、前面には第1操作軸74と第2操作軸75とが上下に離反して配置されており、上面からはメインクラッチ操作軸76が突出している。
次に、図19~図21参照して株間ケース70の内部構造(伝動系統)を説明する。図19(A)に示すように、入力軸71には同径の第1ギア85と第2ギア86とが固定されている。両ギア85,86は同径ではあるが、歯数は第1ギア85よりも第2ギア86が僅かに少なくなっている。
次に、前記した第1操作軸74,第2操作軸75とメインクラッチ操作軸76との操作態様を主として図21~図25に基づいて説明する。図21(A)から理解できるように、第1操作軸74は第5ギア95をスライド操作するためのものであり、第5ギア95をスライドさせる第1シフター104を有している。他方、第5ギア95には第1シフター104と相対回転可能に係合する第1シフター受け105が設けられている。
次に、メインクラッチ91及び施肥用クラッチ78の操作態様を主として図21,23~24に基づいて説明する。図21に示すように、メインクラッチ操作軸76には棒状の第1カム76aが固定されており、第1カム76aにはリング状の第2カム120が後ろから重なっている。第2カム120は出力軸72に遊転する状態で嵌まっており、かつ、第2カム120は出力軸72に回転不能でスライド自在に嵌まっており、この第2カム120にメインクラッチ91のスライドパーツ91bが相対回転自在でスライド不能に連結されている。また、第2カム120はクラッチばね121で手前に付勢されている。
以上のように、本実施形態では2本のレバー110,111を操作することで株間を6段階に調節することができるため、ギアの交換のような面倒な作業を要することなく、顧客の幅広い要望にごく簡単に応えることができる。また、実施形態のようにレバー110,111を走行機体1の外側に露出させた構成を採用すると、レバー110,111の操作を簡単に行える利点がある。
本願発明は上記の実施形態の他にも様々に具体化できる。例えば適用対象は田植機には限らないのであり、代掻き機や野菜移植機のような他の乗用型農作業機にも適用できる。エンジンの構造や配置姿勢は必要に応じて選択できる。例えば、シリンダボアを鉛直にした姿勢で配置することや、クランク軸が前後方向に延びる姿勢で配置することも可能である。
2 作業装置の一例としての苗植装置
3 前輪
4 後輪
5 座席
12 サイドフレーム
18 エンジン
19 走行ミッションケース
22 フロントアクスル装置
25 リアアクスルケース
32 ジョイント部材
38 ドライブ軸
42 エンド板(ブラケット板)
47 株間変更装置
48 前部ブラケット
49 後部ブラケット
50 前部ブラケットの足部
51 前部ブラケットの上部材
52,56 防振ゴム
54 補助ブラケット
Claims (6)
- 前輪と後輪を有する走行機体に、エンジンと走行ミッションケースとリアアクスルケースとが、走行ミッションケースの後ろにエンジンが位置して更にその後ろにリアアクスルケースが位置する状態に配置されており、前記リアアクスルケースは左右に一連に延びる形態であってこれに左右の後輪が取付けられており、かつ、前記走行ミッションケースとリアアクスルケースとはジョイント部材で連結されている、
という構成であって、
前記ジョイント部材は走行ミッションケースとリアアクスルケースとに相対動不能に固定されており、前記エンジンが、少なくとも前記ジョイント部材とリアアクスルケースとで支持されている、
乗用型農作業機。 - 前記前輪はフロントアクスル装置を介して前記走行ミッションケースに取り付けられている一方、前記エンジンは、前記ジョイント部材に固定された前部ブラケットとリアアクスルケースに固定された後部ブラケットとで前後から支持されている、
請求項1に記載した乗用型農作業機。 - 前記前部ブラケットは、走行機体の正面視において略V形を成す姿勢でジョイント部材の左右側面に固定された左右足部材と、前記足部材の上端に差し渡して固定された左右長手の上部材とを有しており、前記上部材にエンジンの前部が防振ゴムを介して締結されており、更に、前記前部ブラケットとジョイント部材とで囲われた空間に、前記走行ミッションケースからリアアクスルケースに向けて延びる後輪ドライブ軸が通っている、
請求項2に記載した乗用型農作業機。 - オペレータが載る操縦フロアと、前記操縦フロアに足を載せた状態でオペレータが腰掛ける座席とを有しており、前記走行ミッションケースは操縦フロアの下方に配置されて前記エンジンは座席の下方に配置されており、
前記ジョイント部材を前記走行ミッションケースの上面よりも下方に位置させることにより、前記エンジンの下面を前記走行ミッションケースの上面よりも下方に位置させている、
請求項2又は3に記載した乗用型農作業機。 - 前記走行機体の後ろに作業装置を連結しており、前記走行ミッションケースの内部から取り出された動力が、中継ギアケースに内蔵された変速ギア群を経由して前記作業装置に伝達されており、前記中継ギアケースが前記リアアクスルケースに直接に又はブラケットを介して間接的に取付けられている、
請求項1~3のうちのいずれかに記載した乗用型農作業機。 - 前記ジョイント部材はブラケット板を介して前記リアアクスルケースに固定されており、前記ブラケット板に、前記中継ギアケースが固定されるはみ出し部を設けており、前記中継ギアケースが前記ブラケットとリアアクスルケースとに固定されている、
請求項5に記載した乗用型農作業機。
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JP2010062783A JP2011193768A (ja) | 2010-03-18 | 2010-03-18 | 苗植機の株間変更装置及びこれを備えた田植機 |
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JP2017093323A (ja) * | 2015-11-19 | 2017-06-01 | 株式会社クボタ | 歩行型田植機 |
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Citations (5)
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JPS62234784A (ja) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 農業用の乗用牽引車 |
JPH02310183A (ja) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-25 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 農作業機 |
JP2002037135A (ja) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-02-06 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 乗用田植機 |
JP2006211948A (ja) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Yanmar Co Ltd | ロータリー式苗植付け機構を備えた田植機 |
JP2008212121A (ja) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-18 | Yanmar Co Ltd | 乗用型田植機 |
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JP4067310B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-17 | 2008-03-26 | ヤンマー農機株式会社 | 田植機 |
JP2009039030A (ja) * | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-26 | Mitsubishi Agricult Mach Co Ltd | 移植機 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS62234784A (ja) * | 1986-04-04 | 1987-10-15 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 農業用の乗用牽引車 |
JPH02310183A (ja) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-12-25 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 農作業機 |
JP2002037135A (ja) * | 2001-06-05 | 2002-02-06 | Iseki & Co Ltd | 乗用田植機 |
JP2006211948A (ja) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Yanmar Co Ltd | ロータリー式苗植付け機構を備えた田植機 |
JP2008212121A (ja) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-18 | Yanmar Co Ltd | 乗用型田植機 |
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KR20120099232A (ko) | 2012-09-07 |
CN102638967A (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
KR101789133B1 (ko) | 2017-10-23 |
IN2012DN03283A (ja) | 2015-10-23 |
CN102638967B (zh) | 2015-10-21 |
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