WO2011052308A1 - スポット溶接用電極検査装置 - Google Patents
スポット溶接用電極検査装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011052308A1 WO2011052308A1 PCT/JP2010/066003 JP2010066003W WO2011052308A1 WO 2011052308 A1 WO2011052308 A1 WO 2011052308A1 JP 2010066003 W JP2010066003 W JP 2010066003W WO 2011052308 A1 WO2011052308 A1 WO 2011052308A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- inspection apparatus
- mirror
- tip
- camera
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
- B23K11/3063—Electrode maintenance, e.g. cleaning, grinding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode inspection apparatus for spot welding used in, for example, an automobile production line.
- spot welding in which an electrode mounted and held at the tip of a welding gun is pressed against a steel plate to pressurize and energize to weld the steel plate by resistance heating.
- Spot welding can stabilize the quality by appropriately managing the current value during energization, the energization time, the applied pressure, and the state of the electrode tip.
- the tip of the electrode is a perfect circle, and the quality of the welding can be most stabilized as long as no unnecessary object is attached. If it disappears or an oxide film or the like adheres and the state deteriorates, and welding is continued in that state, the quality of the welded portion becomes unstable.
- the electrode is periodically photographed with a camera from the side of the welding gun in a state where the electrode is mounted and held at the tip of the welding gun, and the electrode tip diameter is calculated using the photographed image, The state of the electrode tip and the like are checked, and whether or not the electrode is in a normal state is compared and determined to manage the polishing state of the electrode.
- JP 2009-160656 A (paragraph 0028 column, FIG. 1)
- Patent Document 1 since the electrode is photographed by the camera from the side of the welding gun, if an attempt is made to accurately grasp the electrode tip diameter, the electrode is photographed while changing the position of the welding gun or the position of the camera is changed. However, it takes a lot of time for the inspection, and a lot of time is spent on the inspection, which reduces the operating rate of the production line. In order to avoid this, it is conceivable to take a picture with a camera from the electrode tip side. However, in many cases of spot welding, a steel plate is sandwiched between a pair of electrodes and welding is performed. If a camera is arranged on the front end side and an attempt is made to take an image, the electrode inspection apparatus itself becomes large, and it can only be used with a welding gun having a relatively wide space between electrodes, resulting in poor versatility.
- the distance from the camera to the tip of the electrode changes every time the electrode is polished in the measurement method as in Patent Document 1, and the measurement value may vary. There is sex.
- the present invention has been made in view of such points, and the object of the present invention is to accurately measure the electrode tip diameter without lowering the operation rate of the production line, and in particular, welding with a narrow gap between the electrodes.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode inspection apparatus for spot welding that is useful when using a gun.
- the present invention provides a camera from the front in which the electrode tip reflected and projected on a mirror disposed on the electrode tip side is fixed in a state where the electrode is fixed in the fixing hole of the measurement reference portion. It is characterized by having taken a picture with.
- the present invention includes an inspection apparatus main body in which a camera for photographing a spot welding electrode tip held by a welding gun is disposed, an arithmetic unit for processing an image of the electrode tip photographed by the camera, and
- the following solution is intended for an electrode inspection apparatus for spot welding that includes a control unit having a determination unit that determines the electrode tip state by comparing the processing result in the calculation unit with a preset set value. Measures were taken.
- the inspection apparatus body is separated from the fixing hole on the counter electrode side of the measurement reference part and the measurement reference part in which the fixing hole for fixing the electrode tip is formed.
- a pair of the electrodes are provided so as to face both sides of the mirror, and the mirror has a mirror surface on both sides that forms a plate shape and projects the tip of each electrode, A pair of the cameras are arranged on both sides of the mirror.
- the electrode is provided in a pair so as to face both sides of the mirror, and the mirror has a plate-like mirror surface on one side and projects the electrode tip.
- the camera is rotatably attached to the inspection apparatus main body, and the camera is configured to switch the electrodes displayed on the mirror by rotating the mirror and to photograph each electrode tip from the front.
- a pair of the electrodes are provided so as to face both sides of the mirror, a pair of the mirrors are provided so as to project the tip of each electrode, The tip of each electrode projected on the mirror was taken simultaneously from the front.
- an illumination light source is disposed on the periphery of the lens of the camera, and the illumination light source is composed of LEDs.
- a light amount adjusting wall in which a light passage hole is formed is disposed close to the front of the camera in the inspection apparatus body, and an inner periphery of the light passage hole.
- a gap through which light emitted from the illumination light source passes is formed between the camera and the outer periphery of the camera.
- the inspection apparatus main body is provided with a protective cover so as to close the fixing hole, and the protective cover is for the illumination reflected by the mirror. It was set as the structure provided with the curved part which reflects the light of a light source outside the imaging
- the inspection apparatus main body includes a shielding plate that blocks light emitted from the illumination light source and directed directly toward the electrode tip. It was set as the structure provided so that it might be located between the said electrodes.
- the inspection apparatus main body includes a plurality of edge detection light sources that illuminate the peripheral edge of the electrode tip with the electrode fixed to the fixing hole. It was set as the structure arrange
- the edge detection light source is composed of a blue LED.
- control unit stores an image captured by the camera, a processing result processed by the arithmetic unit, and a result of comparison determination by the determination unit.
- the data storage unit is included.
- the image processing apparatus includes a display unit that displays an image captured by the camera, a processing result processed by the calculation unit, and a result of comparison determination by the determination unit. It was set as the structure.
- the distance from the electrode to the camera via the mirror is constant, it is difficult for the measured value to vary. Further, since the tip of the electrode can be photographed with a camera from the front by the mirror, the tip diameter in at least two directions can be measured at a time by processing the photographed image with the calculation unit. As a result, it is possible to accurately measure the electrode tip diameter, that is, whether or not it is a perfect circle, without lowering the production rate of the production line.
- the mirror surfaces on both sides of the mirror project the tip of each electrode at the same time, so that an image of the tip of the pair of electrodes can be taken at the same time. Measurements can be made.
- the camera since the camera is not disposed between the pair of electrode tips and only the mirror is disposed, the distance between the electrodes of the inspection apparatus main body can be shortened, and the overall structure can be made compact.
- each image of the tip of each electrode can be taken with one camera. Therefore, a low-cost and compact inspection apparatus can be obtained.
- the fourth invention it becomes possible to simultaneously photograph each of the pair of electrode tips with one camera without rotating the mirror. Therefore, it is possible to provide a low-cost inspection apparatus without reducing the operating rate.
- the fifth aspect of the invention it is possible to generate a light amount necessary for photographing with the camera by the LED while making the whole inspection apparatus compact.
- the sixth aspect of the invention by blocking a part of the light emitted from the illumination light source with the light amount adjusting wall, it is possible to set a light amount suitable for photographing the electrode, and the electrode can be photographed clearly.
- the seventh invention it is possible to prevent dust and the like adhering to the electrode tip from entering the inside of the inspection apparatus main body through the fixing hole by the protective cover.
- the light emitted from the illumination light source and reflected by the protective cover is diffused by the curved portion of the protective cover and is not reflected on the lens of the camera, the electrode can be photographed clearly.
- the eighth aspect of the invention even when the distance between the illumination light source and the electrode is narrowed, the light emitted from the illumination light source is not directly applied to the electrode tip, but is directly applied to the electrode tip from the illumination light source. It is possible to avoid that the reflected light is reflected on the camera. Therefore, the electrodes can be clearly photographed while making the whole inspection apparatus main body compact.
- the boundary of the peripheral edge of the electrode is clearly displayed on the image taken by the camera. Therefore, the processing of the photographed image in the calculation unit becomes accurate, and the electrode tip diameter can be accurately measured.
- the boundary of the electrode tip peripheral edge is not blurred by the gloss of the electrode unlike the white LED, and it is clearly displayed in the image taken by the camera.
- the calculation processing in the section becomes more accurate.
- the captured image and processed data can be confirmed later. Therefore, the polishing period of the electrode can be examined after the fact from the obtained data.
- the state of the electrode can be grasped even if the worker does not enter the production line, and the worker can safely manage the production line.
- FIG. 1 is a control block diagram of an electrode inspection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is the figure which image
- the electrode tip diameter is within the normal range, and the electrode with a large amount of oxide film attached is photographed with a camera
- (a) is a diagram before performing computation processing in the computation unit
- ( b) is a diagram after the arithmetic processing is performed in the arithmetic unit. It is the figure which image
- (a) is a figure before performing a calculation process in a calculating part
- (b) These are figures after performing a calculation process in a calculating part.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 of the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 of the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is CC sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is the perspective view which looked at the upper side frame concerning Embodiment 5 of the present invention from the upper part. It is the perspective view seen from the lower side of the lower frame which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention.
- Embodiment 1 of the Invention 1 to 5 show an electrode inspection apparatus 1 for spot welding according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- This electrode inspection apparatus 1 is for inspecting the state of a pair of electrodes 2 made of chromium copper or the like attached and held at the tip of a welding gun G used when welding a steel plate by spot welding in an automobile production line. Is.
- the electrode inspection apparatus 1 includes an inspection apparatus body 6 formed by processing a steel material.
- the inspection apparatus main body 6 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped box shape extending in the horizontal direction, the central portions in the longitudinal direction of both the upper and lower walls are recessed, and the width in the vertical direction is narrower than the both side portions in the longitudinal direction.
- the outer shape of the inspection apparatus main body 6 is vertically symmetric.
- a through hole 61 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the recessed central portion of the upper wall and the lower wall of the inspection apparatus main body 6, and a measurement reference portion 7 is provided respectively.
- the measurement reference portion 7 on the upper wall side of the inspection apparatus main body 6 includes a base 74 positioned outside the inspection apparatus main body 6, a protective cover 75 positioned outside the base 74 and protecting the surface of the base 74,
- the electrode fixing plate 72 is located outside the protective cover 75 and fixes the electrode 2 to be inspected.
- the base 74 has a substantially square plate shape, and a through hole 74 a is formed in the center at a position corresponding to the through hole 61 of the inspection apparatus body 6.
- a through hole 74 a is formed in the center at a position corresponding to the through hole 61 of the inspection apparatus body 6.
- an annular projecting portion 74b projecting upward is formed.
- four light source holes 74c are formed on the side wall of the annular projecting portion 74b at positions in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the inspection apparatus body 6.
- edge detection light sources 73 made of LEDs emitting blue light are mounted at equal intervals around the annular protrusion 74b at positions corresponding to the light source holes 74c outside the annular protrusion 74b of the base 74. It has been.
- a substantially rectangular acrylic plate 74d is mounted between the edge detection light source 73 and the light source hole 74c, and the light emitted from the edge detection light source 73 is collected by the acrylic plate 74d.
- the tip periphery of the electrode 2 passing through the light source hole 74c and fixed to the fixing hole 72a, which will be described later, is illuminated from the radial direction, and the tip periphery of the electrode 2 becomes clear by the blue light Be of the edge detection light source 73. (See FIGS. 6 to 10).
- the protective cover 75 has a substantially square plate shape, and as shown in FIG. 4, a through hole 75a is formed at the center where the upper edge of the annular protrusion 74b of the base 74 is fitted.
- the electrode fixing plate 72 has a substantially rectangular plate shape extending in the width direction of the inspection apparatus body 6 and is attached to the upper surface of the protective cover 75.
- a fixing hole 72a formed vertically in the center of the electrode fixing plate 72 is reduced in diameter while being gently curved downward, and a lower end portion thereof is located at a position of the through hole 74a of the base 74. It corresponds.
- the shape of the fixing hole 72a corresponds to the shape of the electrode 2. When the electrode 2 is inserted into the fixing hole 72a, the electrode 2 is stably fixed so as not to move, and the position of the electrode 2 is shifted. There is no such thing.
- Several types of electrode fixing plates 72 having different shapes of fixing holes 72a are prepared. By exchanging the electrode fixing plate 72, the shape of the electrode and the size of the tip 2 having different tip diameters can be changed. It can be used for inspection.
- a plate-like mirror 8 is fixed inside the substantial center of the inspection apparatus body 6.
- the mirror 8 has mirror surfaces on both sides, and is inclined with respect to the electrode 2 so as to be separated from the fixing hole 72 a on the counter electrode 2 side of the measurement reference portion 7.
- a pair of CCD cameras 91 that photograph the front end of the electrode 2 reflected and projected from the mirror 8 from the front are separated from both sides of the mirror 8 and are plate-like. Are supported by the camera bases 92 and 93.
- a plurality of illumination light sources 92 a made of LEDs that emit white light are attached to the camera substrate 92 at equal intervals so that the image captured by the CCD camera 91 is clear. Yes.
- the diffusing plate 10 is made of milky white resin, and diffuses the light emitted from the plurality of illumination light sources 92a toward the mirror 8, so that the nonuniformity of the luminance distribution of the light is improved. It has become.
- the measurement reference unit 7 is also provided on the lower wall side of the inspection apparatus body 6.
- the configuration of the measurement reference portion 7 on the lower wall side is symmetrical to the measurement reference portion 7 on the upper wall side with the center in the vertical direction of the inspection apparatus body 6 as the center.
- the control unit 5 is connected to a CCD camera 91, a display unit 4 (to be described later), and a general-purpose robot (not shown) that holds the welding gun G or a control panel (not shown) of the production line.
- the control unit 5 includes a calculation unit 5a, a determination unit 5b, and a data storage unit 5c, and an inspection start signal sent from a general-purpose robot (not shown) or a production line control panel (not shown).
- the inspection of the tip of the electrode 2 is started.
- the control unit 5 issues a subsequent operation command to a general-purpose robot (not shown) or a production line control panel (not shown) based on the result of the inspection.
- the calculation unit 5a calculates the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 in two directions from the position of the tip peripheral edge of the electrode 2 where the light and shade are sharpened by the light emitted from the edge detection light source 73. It comes to calculate. From the result, a virtual circle C around the tip of the electrode 2 is generated by arithmetic processing. And the ratios s1 and s2 of the adhering unnecessary matter (oxide film and plating) can be calculated based on the difference in density between the chrome copper color and the different part of the electrode 2. Specifically, the oxide film adhesion range S1 (the white portion at the electrode tip in FIGS. 6 to 10) and the plating adhesion range S2 (the black edge at the electrode tip in FIGS. 6 to 10) with respect to the area in the generated virtual circle C. The area ratios s1 and s2 can be calculated.
- the determination unit 5b compares and determines the processing result calculated by the calculation unit 5a and a preset value set in the data storage unit 5c.
- the data storage unit 5c stores reference set values such as the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 and the ratios s1 and s2 of adhering unnecessary materials. Further, the image captured by the CCD camera 91, the data of the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 and the ratios s1 and s2 of the adhering unnecessary materials calculated by the calculation unit 5a, and the determination result data of the determination unit 5b are stored. It has become so.
- the electrode inspection apparatus 1 displays an image of the tip of the electrode 2 photographed by the CCD camera 91 according to a command from the control unit 5, a calculation result in the calculation unit 5 a, and a determination unit.
- a display unit 4 that can display the determination result in 5b is provided.
- the electrode 2 after the steel plate is spot-welded a predetermined number of times by the welding gun G is polished by a polishing apparatus (not shown). Thereafter, the pair of electrodes 2 are inserted into the fixing holes 72 a of the measurement reference unit 7 from above and below the inspection apparatus main body 6.
- the control unit 5 receives an inspection start signal from a general-purpose robot (not shown) that holds the welding gun G or a control panel (not shown) of the production line.
- the control unit 5 instructs the CCD camera 91 to photograph the tip of the electrode 2. Based on the command, the CCD camera 91 images the tip of the electrode 2. At this time, the CCD camera 91 can photograph the front end of the electrode 2 from the front by the inclined mirror 8.
- the computing unit 5a computes the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 and the ratios s1 and s2 of the unwanted matter attached to the tip of the electrode 2 using the captured image stored in the data storage unit 5c.
- the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 in the two directions at the tip of the electrode 2 are calculated from the positions of the peripheral edges of the tip of the electrode 2 clarified by the edge detection light source 73. From the result, a virtual circle C around the tip end of the electrode 2 is generated by arithmetic processing, and an oxide film adhesion range S1 with respect to the area in the virtual circle C (the white spot on the tip of the electrode 2 in FIGS.
- the electrode 2 shown in FIG. 7A as shown in FIG.
- the electrode 2 shown in FIG. 9A as shown in FIG.
- the calculated electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 and the ratio of unnecessary materials are used as a reference for the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 stored in the data storage unit 5c and the ratios s1 and s2 of adhering unnecessary materials in the determination unit 5b. It is compared with the set value to determine whether or not the electrode is normal.
- the set values of the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 are within 4.70 mm to 5.20 mm, and at least the set values of the ratio s1 of the oxide film deposition range S1 and the ratio s2 of the plating deposition range S2 are set.
- the set values of the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2, the ratio s1 of the oxide film adhesion range S1, and the ratio s2 of the plating adhesion range S2 can be set to arbitrary values.
- the control unit 5 When the determination unit 5b determines that the electrode 2 is abnormal, the control unit 5 again sends a command for causing the electrode 2 to be polished to a general-purpose robot (not shown) or a control panel (not shown) of the production line. put out. At this time, the control unit 5 may issue a command to display a warning that the electrode 2 is abnormal on the display unit 4. On the other hand, when the determination unit 5b determines that the electrode 2 is normal, the control unit 5 instructs the general-purpose robot (not shown) or the control panel (not shown) of the production line to perform the next welding, Based on this command, welding work in the production line is resumed.
- the above-mentioned photographed image, calculation result, determination result, etc. are stored in the data storage unit 5c.
- the control unit 5 receives a command for displaying data such as a photographed image, a calculation result, and a determination result on the display unit 4 from an operator or the like, the control unit 5 sends the data such as the photographed image, the calculation result, and the determination result to the display unit 4.
- Command to display Based on the command, the display unit 4 displays data such as a captured image, a calculation result, and a determination result.
- the distance from the electrode 2 to the CCD camera 91 via the mirror 8 is fixed by fixing the electrode 2 to the fixing hole 72a.
- the tip of the electrode 2 can be photographed by the CCD camera 91 from the front by the mirror 8, it is possible to measure the tip diameter r in at least two directions at a time by processing the photographed image by the arithmetic unit 5a. .
- the electrode tip diameters r1 and r2 that is, whether or not they are perfect circles, without reducing the operating rate of the production line.
- the illumination light source 92 a disposed on the lens periphery of the CCD camera 91 is made of an LED, and the amount of light necessary for photographing with the CCD camera 91 can be generated.
- the edge of the electrode 2 is illuminated from the radial direction by the edge detection light source 73 in a state where the electrode 2 is fixed to the fixing hole 72a, the boundary of the edge of the electrode 2 is imaged by the CCD camera 91. It will be projected clearly. Thereby, the processing of the photographed image in the calculation unit 5a becomes accurate, and the electrode tip diameter r can be accurately measured.
- the boundary of the tip edge of the electrode 2 is not blurred by the gloss of the electrode 2 as in the case of the white LED, and the tip edge of the electrode 2 is CCD.
- the image is clearly displayed on the image captured by the camera 91, and the calculation process in the calculation unit 5a becomes more accurate.
- the electrode inspection apparatus 1 includes a display unit 4 that displays an image captured by the CCD camera 91, a processing result processed by the arithmetic unit 5a, and a result of comparison determination by the determination unit 5b. Based on the obtained data, the polishing cycle of the electrode 2 can be examined afterwards.
- FIG. 11 shows an electrode inspection apparatus 1 for spot welding according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the length of the inspection apparatus body 6 in the longitudinal direction is shortened by using one CCD camera 91 and the structure of the mirror 81 is changed. Different parts will be described in detail.
- the mirror 81 has a plate shape and is rotatably attached to the inside of the inspection apparatus main body 6 by a rotation shaft 81 a extending in the width direction of the inspection apparatus main body 6.
- the mirror 81 is inclined with respect to the electrode 2 so as to be separated from the fixing hole 72a on the counter electrode 2 side of the measurement reference portion 7, and is rotated by 90 degrees about the rotation shaft 81a, so that the CCD camera
- the electrode 2 to be photographed at 91 can be switched to either the upper side or the lower side.
- the mirror 81 is connected to the control unit 6 so that the electrode 2 to be photographed can be switched by a command from the control unit 5.
- FIG. 12 shows an electrode inspection apparatus 1 for spot welding according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Since the third embodiment is the same as the second embodiment except that the structure of the mirror 82 is changed, different parts will be described below in detail.
- the mirror 82 is composed of a pair of upper mirror 82a and lower mirror 82b each having a plate shape.
- the upper mirror 82a is inclined with respect to the electrode 2 so as to be separated from the fixing hole 72a on the counter electrode 2 side of the measurement reference portion 7 positioned above, and the lower mirror 82b is measured below.
- the reference portion 7 is inclined with respect to the electrode 2 so as to be separated from the fixing hole 72a on the counter electrode 2 side.
- the upper mirror 82a and the lower mirror 82b are integrated on the CCD camera 91 side and have a V-shaped cross section.
- the CCD camera 91 simultaneously photographs the front end of the upper electrode 2 projected on the upper mirror 82a and the front end of the lower electrode 2 projected on the lower mirror 82b from the front.
- FIG. 13 shows an electrode inspection apparatus 1 for spot welding according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the fourth embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the measurement reference unit 7 and the CCD camera 91 are provided one by one and the mirror surface of the mirror 8 is only on one side.
- Embodiment 5 of the Invention shows a spot welding electrode inspection apparatus 1 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the periphery of the mirror 8 is modularized.
- the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different parts will be described in detail below.
- the spot inspection electrode inspection apparatus 1 has a flat box shape with a small thickness, and an inspection apparatus in which one side in the longitudinal direction curves outwardly in a substantially semicircular shape.
- a main body 60 is provided.
- the mirror module 3 is disposed inside the substantially semicircular curved portion on one side in the longitudinal direction of the inspection apparatus main body 60, and the control module is disposed on the inner side on the other side.
- a substrate 50 is disposed, and above and below the mirror module 3 are a pair of substantially disk-shaped electrode fixing plates (measurement reference portions) 72 in which fixing holes 72a for fixing the electrodes 2 are formed. It arrange
- the mirror module 3 extends in the width direction of the inspection apparatus main body 60. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the mirror module 3 forms a skeleton of the mirror module 3, and the resin module frame in which the mirror 8 is assembled at the center portion. 30.
- the module frame 30 is divided into an upper frame 30a positioned on the upper side and a lower frame 30b positioned on the lower side at a substantially central position in the vertical direction.
- the upper frame 30a has a horizontally extending plate-like frame 31 in which a through-hole 31a corresponding to the fixing hole 72a of the electrode fixing plate 72 is formed, and a position sandwiching the through-hole 31a of the plate-like frame 31 And a pair of projecting plates 32 juxtaposed downward from each other, and at the lower end edge of the projecting plate 32, a half-shaped recess 32 a that is recessed upward is formed.
- an annular projection 31b is provided on the upper surface of the plate-shaped frame 31 along the periphery of the through-hole 31a, and a groove 31c extending in the radial direction is provided on the upper surface. , It is formed radially so that the circumference is divided into four equal parts.
- a light source fixing plate 70 On the upper surface side of the plate-like frame 31, there is disposed a light source fixing plate 70 in which a fitting hole 70a is formed so as to be fitted to the protruding portion 31b.
- Two edge detection light sources 73 are attached to correspond to the grooves 31c of the protrusion 31b. Therefore, the light emitted from the edge detection light source 73 passes through the grooves 31c and illuminates the peripheral edge of the tip of the electrode 2 fixed in the fixing hole 72a from the radial direction.
- a shielding plate 31d having a semicircular arc shape and a substantially L-shaped cross-section is provided to project downward along the periphery of the through-hole 31a on one side in the longitudinal direction of the plate-like frame 31.
- the shielding plate 31d is located between the illumination light source 92a and the electrode 2, and shields light emitted from the illumination light source 92a and directed directly to the electrode 2. Therefore, even if the interval between the illumination light source 92a and the electrode 2 is narrowed, the light emitted from the illumination light source 92a is not directly applied to the tip of the electrode 2, and directly from the illumination light source 92a to the tip of the electrode 2. It is possible to avoid the reflected light reflected on the CCD camera 91. Therefore, the electrode 2 can be clearly photographed while making the entire inspection apparatus main body 60 compact.
- the lower frame 30b has the same structure as the upper frame 30a as shown in FIGS. 15 and 18, the same reference numerals as those of the upper frame 30a are attached and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the tips of the protruding plates 32 of the upper frame 30a and the lower frame 30b are aligned so that the shielding plate 31d is in a point-symmetrical position in a side view.
- the light amount adjusting wall 33 is formed by the upper and lower protruding plates 32 and the light passage hole 34 is formed by the upper and lower half-shaped concave portions 32a. It is assembled at the center of the module frame 30 and at a position between the light intensity adjusting walls 33.
- a pair of CCD cameras 91 for photographing the front end of the electrode 2 reflected and reflected on the mirror 8 from the front are assembled at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the module frame 30 so as to be separated from both sides of the mirror 8.
- the light amount adjusting wall 33 is arranged close to the front of the CCD camera 91.
- a gap S through which light emitted from the illumination light source 92a passes is formed between the inner periphery of the light passage hole 34 and the outer periphery of the CCD camera 91.
- a diffusion plate 10 made of milky white resin extends vertically between the light amount adjustment wall 33 of the module frame 30 and the CCD camera 91, and is emitted from the plurality of illumination light sources 92a to the mirror. By diffusing the light toward 8, the non-uniformity of the light luminance distribution is improved.
- a protective cover 11 made of a transparent resin is provided inside the through hole 31a of the plate-like frame 31 so as to block the fixing hole 72a and prevent dust and the like from entering the mirror module 3.
- the protective cover 11 is provided with a curved portion 11 a that reflects the light of the illumination light source 92 a reflected by the mirror 8 to the outside of the photographing range of the CCD camera 91. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent dust or the like adhering to the tip of the electrode 2 by the protective cover 11 from sticking to the inside of the inspection apparatus main body 60 from the fixing hole 72a. Further, the protective cover is emitted from the illumination light source 92a. 11 is diffused by the curved portion 11a and is not reflected on the lens of the CCD camera 91, so that the electrode 2 can be photographed clearly.
- the configuration of the control unit 5 and the control by the control unit 5 of the spot welding electrode inspection apparatus 1 in the fifth embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted. In the first to fifth embodiments, the description is omitted.
- four edge detection light sources 73 are attached to one measurement reference portion 7, it is sufficient that a plurality of edge detection light sources 73 are attached.
- a blue LED is used for the edge detection light source 73, an LED other than blue may be used as long as the boundary of the tip periphery of the electrode 2 is clearly displayed in an image photographed by the CCD camera 91. May be used.
- the CCD camera 91 is used for photographing the tip of the electrode 2, but a CMOS camera may be used.
- the state of the tip shape of the electrode 2 may be grasped by a general method of calculation processing by binarization.
- the present invention is suitable for, for example, an electrode inspection apparatus for spot welding used in an automobile production line.
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Abstract
Description
《発明の実施形態1》
図1乃至図5は、本発明の実施形態1に係るスポット溶接用電極検査装置1を示すものである。この電極検査装置1は、自動車の生産ラインにおいて、鋼板をスポット溶接にて溶接する際に使用する溶接ガンGの先端に装着保持したクロム銅等からなる一対の電極2の状態を検査するためのものである。上記電極検査装置1は、鋼材を加工して形成された検査装置本体6を備えている。
《発明の実施形態2》
図11は、本発明の実施形態2に係るスポット溶接用電極検査装置1を示すものである。この実施形態2では、CCDカメラ91を1つにして検査装置本体6の長手方向の長さを短くし、且つ、ミラー81の構造を変更した以外は実施形態1と同じであるため、以下、異なる部分を詳細に説明する。
《発明の実施形態3》
図12は、本発明の実施形態3に係るスポット溶接用電極検査装置1を示すものである。この実施形態3では、ミラー82の構造を変更した以外は実施形態2と同じであるため、以下、異なる部分を詳細に説明する。
《発明の実施形態4》
図13は、本発明の実施形態4に係るスポット溶接用電極検査装置1を示すものである。この実施形態4では、測定基準部7及びCCDカメラ91を1つずつとし、ミラー8の鏡面を片側のみとした以外は実施形態1と同じである。この場合、電極2の先端を1つずつしか測定できないので、例えば、溶接ガンGの一対の電極2の各々の先端の状態を把握するためには、溶接ガンGの姿勢を変更して各々の電極2の撮影を行う必要があり、検査に時間を費やすこととなるが、測定基準部7及びCCDカメラ91を1つずつとすることでコストを抑えることができ、さらには、検査装置本体6をコンパクトにすることができる。
《発明の実施形態5》
図14乃至図18は、本発明の実施形態5に係るスポット溶接用電極検査装置1を示すものであり、この実施形態5では、ミラー8周りをモジュール化している。尚、実施形態5では、実施形態1と同一部分には同一の符号を付し、以下、異なる部分を詳細に説明する。
また、本実施形態1~5では、エッジ検出用光源73を1つの測定基準部7に4つ取り付けているが、複数取り付けていればよく、3つ以上取り付けることが望ましい。また、エッジ検出用光源73に青色のLEDを使用しているが、CCDカメラ91で撮影する画像において、電極2の先端周縁の境界が鮮明に映し出されるようになる色であれば青色以外のLEDを使用してもよい。
2 電極
4 表示部
5 制御部
5a 演算部
5b 判定部
5c データ保存部
6 検査装置本体
7 測定基準部
8、81、82 ミラー
11 保護カバー
11a 湾曲部
31d 遮蔽板
33 光量調整用壁
34 光通過孔
60 検査装置本体
72 電極固定プレート(測定基準部)
72a 固定用孔
73 エッジ検出用光源
91 CCDカメラ
92a 照明用光源
S 隙間
Claims (12)
- 溶接ガンに保持されたスポット溶接用の電極先端を撮影するカメラが配置された検査装置本体と、
上記カメラで撮影した電極先端の画像を処理する演算部、及び該演算部での処理結果と予め設定された設定値とを比較して電極先端状態を判定する判定部を有する制御部とを備えたスポット溶接用電極検査装置であって、
上記検査装置本体は、上記電極先端を固定する固定用孔が形成された測定基準部と、該測定基準部の反電極側に上記固定用孔から離間するように上記電極に対して傾斜配置されたミラーとを備え、
上記カメラは、上記ミラーに反射して映し出された電極先端を真正面から撮影するように該ミラーの側方に離間して配置されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電極検査装置において、
上記電極は、上記ミラーの両側に対峙するように一対設けられ、
上記ミラーは、板状をなすとともに各電極先端を映し出す鏡面を両側に有し、
上記カメラは、上記ミラーの両側方に一対配設されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電極検査装置において、
上記電極は、上記ミラーの両側に対峙するように一対設けられ、
上記ミラーは、板状をなすとともに電極先端を映し出す鏡面を片側に有して上記検査装置本体に回動可能に取り付けられ、
上記カメラは、上記ミラーを回動させることによって該ミラーに映し出される電極を切り替えて、各々の電極先端を真正面から撮影するように構成されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1に記載の電極検査装置において、
上記電極は、上記ミラーの両側に対峙するように一対設けられ、
上記ミラーは、各々の電極先端を映し出すように一対設けられ、
上記カメラは、各々のミラーに映し出される各電極先端を真正面から同時に撮影するように構成されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の電極検査装置において、
上記カメラのレンズ周縁には照明用光源が配設され、
該照明用光源がLEDからなることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項5に記載の電極検査装置において、
上記検査装置本体には、光通過孔が形成された光量調整用壁が上記カメラ前方に接近して配置され、
上記光通過孔の内周縁と上記カメラの外周縁との間には、上記照明用光源から発せられた光が通過する隙間が形成されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項5又は6に記載の電極検査装置において、
上記検査装置本体には、上記固定用孔を塞ぐように保護カバーが設けられ、
該保護カバーには、上記ミラーで反射した上記照明用光源の光を上記カメラの撮影範囲外に反射させる湾曲部が設けられていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項5から7のいずれか1つに記載の電極検査装置において、
上記検査装置本体には、上記照明用光源から発せられて直接上記電極先端に向かう光を遮る遮蔽板が上記照明用光源と上記電極との間に位置するように設けられていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1から8のいずれか1つに記載の電極検査装置において、
上記検査装置本体には、上記電極が固定用孔に固定された状態で、上記電極先端周縁を照らすエッジ検出用光源が複数配設されていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項9に記載の電極検査装置において、
エッジ検出用光源が青色のLEDからなることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1から10のいずれか1つに記載の電極検査装置において、
上記制御部は、上記カメラで撮影した画像、上記演算部で処理した処理結果及び上記判定部で比較判定した結果を保存するデータ保存部を有することを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。 - 請求項1から11のいずれか1つに記載の電極検査装置において、
上記カメラで撮影した画像、上記演算部で処理した処理結果及び上記判定部で比較判定した結果を表示する表示部を備えていることを特徴とするスポット溶接用電極検査装置。
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JP2011504257A JP5470370B2 (ja) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-09-09 | スポット溶接用電極検査装置 |
KR1020117030070A KR101385922B1 (ko) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-09-09 | 스폿용접용 전극검사장치 |
US13/500,401 US8953033B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-09-09 | Electrode inspection apparatus for spot welding |
DE112010004153.9T DE112010004153B4 (de) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-09-09 | Vorrichtung zur inspektion von elektroden zum punktschweissen |
CN201080031669.7A CN102470477B (zh) | 2009-10-27 | 2010-09-09 | 点焊用电极检查装置 |
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CN102470477B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
US20120200695A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
JP5530005B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
JP5530006B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
KR20130091793A (ko) | 2013-08-19 |
CN102470477A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
JP2013230506A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
DE112010004153B4 (de) | 2017-04-27 |
US8953033B2 (en) | 2015-02-10 |
DE112010004153T5 (de) | 2012-08-23 |
KR101393964B1 (ko) | 2014-05-12 |
KR101385922B1 (ko) | 2014-04-15 |
JPWO2011052308A1 (ja) | 2013-03-14 |
JP5470370B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
KR20120050411A (ko) | 2012-05-18 |
KR101393755B1 (ko) | 2014-05-12 |
KR20130092633A (ko) | 2013-08-20 |
JP2013230505A (ja) | 2013-11-14 |
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