WO2010074118A1 - 繊維処理用水分散体 - Google Patents
繊維処理用水分散体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010074118A1 WO2010074118A1 PCT/JP2009/071388 JP2009071388W WO2010074118A1 WO 2010074118 A1 WO2010074118 A1 WO 2010074118A1 JP 2009071388 W JP2009071388 W JP 2009071388W WO 2010074118 A1 WO2010074118 A1 WO 2010074118A1
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- propylene
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- fiber treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/05—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from solid polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/14—Copolymers of propene
- C08L23/142—Copolymers of propene at least partially crystalline copolymers of propene with other olefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/22—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/10—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon
- D01F11/14—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of carbon with organic compounds, e.g. macromolecular compounds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment.
- water dispersion used to treat fibers such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, alumina fiber, ceramic fiber or boron fiber, and fiber such as polyolefin fiber, ABS fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, etc. It is related with the water dispersion used in order to do.
- fibers are processed by a sizing agent as fiber bundles after melt spinning.
- sizing agents include emulsions of starch aqueous solution, paraffin wax, vegetable oil and the like.
- the fibers are treated with a silane coupling agent, urethane, epoxy, acrylic emulsion or the like in order to improve the adhesion between the matrix resin and the fibers.
- the fiber treated with the above emulsion has insufficient adhesion to the matrix resin, the strength of the fiber reinforced resin is not improved, and a more suitable emulsion appears. It is desired.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an aqueous emulsion containing a polypropylene resin modified with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or a salt thereof as an essential component
- Patent Document 2 discloses an aqueous suspension composed of two acid-modified propylene resins.
- these fiber sizing agents have polar groups in the main chain, they do not exhibit sufficient adhesion to both the fiber surface and the matrix resin, and the handleability of the fiber bundle is not sufficient.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a laminated mat having a layer comprising 40 to 95% by weight of pulp fibers and 5 to 60% by weight of a fibrous or granular thermoplastic resin, and a low melting point component of the composite fiber.
- the above publication has a heat treatment step, and the resin used is limited.
- the present invention is an improvement of the above-mentioned problems, and is an excellent dispersion property of fibers, and an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment that improves the adhesion between the fibers and the matrix resin, and between various fibers by heat treatment at low temperature.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment having excellent binding properties and excellent fiber flexibility.
- the present inventors have found that a specific first propylene resin, a second propylene resin containing at least a carboxylate group bonded to a polymer chain, an anionic type, and / or Alternatively, the present inventors have found that an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment containing a nonionic surfactant and water has excellent fiber convergence and improves the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix resin, thereby completing the present invention.
- the present invention relates to the following [1] to [20], for example.
- the weight average molecular weight of (A) (hereinafter also referred to as “Mw (a)”) is different from the weight average molecular weight of (B) (hereinafter also referred to as “Mw (b)”)
- Mw (a) An aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment, characterized in that is larger than Mw (b) and the average particle size of resin solids derived from (A) and (B) is 0.03 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the above (A) is the above (A-1), the weight average molecular weight Mw is 150,000 or more and 500,000 or less, and the structural unit derived from propylene of the olefin component is 50 to 99 mol%.
- the weight ratio [(A-1) :( A-2)] of (A-1) to (A-2) is 100: 0 to 30:70
- the above (B) is characterized in that the weight average molecular weight Mw is 1,000 to 50,000, and the structural unit derived from propylene of the olefin component is 50 to 100 mol% [2]
- the above (A) is the above (A-1), the weight average molecular weight Mw is 150,000 or more and 500,000 or less, and the structural unit derived from propylene of the olefin component is 50 to 99 mol%.
- the weight ratio [(A-1) :( A-2)] of (A-1) to (A-2) is 100: 0 to 30:70 [ 10]
- the above (B) is characterized in that the weight average molecular weight Mw is 1,000 to 50,000, and the structural unit derived from propylene of the olefin component is 50 to 100 mol% [8]
- composition (A-1) has a weight average molecular weight Mw of more than 50,000 and less than 150,000, at least a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, and derived from propylene as an olefin component A propylene-based resin having a unit of 50 to 99 mol%, and a formula (1) per gram of the resin
- A-3 propylene-based resin
- the structural unit (A-2) has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 150,000 or more and 500,000 or less, contains at least a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, and is derived from propylene as an olefin component. 50 to 99 mol% of a propylene resin having the formula (1) per gram of resin
- A-4 propylene-based resin
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention it is excellent in fiber convergence and can improve the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix resin. As a result, it is possible to obtain a fiber reinforced resin having excellent handleability and excellent mechanical strength. Moreover, since it is excellent in the binding property of the fibers by low-temperature heat treatment, a resin excellent in fiber flexibility can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a yarn path used in the method for evaluating the number of fluffs.
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention comprises: (A) a first propylene-based resin in which a structural unit derived from propylene of an olefin component is 50 to 99 mol%; and (B) a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain.
- a second propylene-based resin containing a total amount of 0.05 to 5 millimole equivalents, (C) an anionic and / or nonionic surfactant, and (D) water.
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention contains the above components in a specific quantitative range. That is, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the above (A), the amount of (B) is 0.3 to 45 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 40 parts by weight in terms of adhesion with the polar material, The amount is preferably 0.7 to 35 parts by weight. The amount of (C) is 0.5 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 0.8 to 30 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight from the viewpoint of dispersibility in water. The content of (D) water is 3 to 90% by weight in the aqueous dispersion.
- the weight average molecular weight of (A) (hereinafter also referred to as “Mw (a)”) is different from the weight average molecular weight of (B) (hereinafter also referred to as “Mw (b)”), and Mw ( a) is larger than Mw (b).
- the difference between Mw (a) and Mw (b) (Mw (a) ⁇ Mw (b)) is preferably 1,000 or more, more preferably 3,000 or more, and 5,000 or more. More preferably it is.
- Mw (a) is larger than Mw (b)
- the above (B) that contributes to the close contact with the fiber easily moves to the fiber surface.
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention is an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment in which the resin solid content derived from the above (A) and (B) is dispersed in water.
- the average particle diameter of the resin solid content derived from the above (A) and (B) is 0.03 to 3 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.08 to 1 ⁇ m. When the average particle diameter is within the above range, it is preferable in terms of adhesion to fibers.
- first propylene resin (A) in which the structural unit derived from propylene of the olefin component is 50 to 99 mol% examples include a copolymer of propylene and at least one ⁇ -olefin. It is done.
- the content of ⁇ -olefin is usually 1 to 50 mol%, preferably 3 to 50 mol%, more preferably 5 to 45 mol% from the viewpoint of carbon fiber dispersibility during molding.
- ⁇ -olefins include ethylene, 1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene and 1-octene.
- ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 12 carbon atoms excluding propylene such as 1-decene and 1-dodecene from the viewpoint of compatibility with polypropylene used for the matrix resin and compatibility with the second propylene resin (B), ethylene / propylene copolymer, propylene / 1-butene copolymer, ethylene / propylene / A 1-butene copolymer is preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight (hereinafter also abbreviated as Mw) is preferably in the range of 30,000 to 500,000, more preferably in the range of 35,000 to 450,000. preferable.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw can be measured, for example, by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard.
- the above (A) may contain a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, and may further contain an unsaturated vinyl group other than an olefin. Further, the above (A) may be modified or a substantially unmodified polypropylene resin.
- substantially unmodified means that it has not been modified at all, or even if it has been modified, the amount of modification is extremely small.
- the trace amount means, for example, less than 0.01 mmol equivalent in terms of COO group. Preferably it is 0.005 mmol equivalent or less, More preferably, it is 0.001 mmol equivalent or less.
- the above (A) is preferably composed of propylene resin (A-1) of MI (melt index: 230 ° C.) (hereinafter also simply referred to as “MI”): 50 or more.
- (A) is a propylene-based resin having a weight average molecular weight Mw: 30,000 or more and less than 150,000, MI: 50 or more, and a structural unit derived from propylene: 50 to 99 mol% ( A-1) or the propylene-based resin (A-1) and a weight average molecular weight Mw of 150,000 to 500,000 and a structural unit derived from propylene of 50 to 99 mol% It is preferably composed of a mixture with a propylene resin (A-2).
- (A-1): (A-2) is preferably 100: 0 to 30:70, more preferably 100: 0 to 35:65.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw of the above (A) is a mixture of the propylene resin (A-1) and the propylene resin (A-2)
- the arithmetic average of the weight average molecular weight Mw is arithmetic average of the weight average molecular weight Mw.
- the weight average molecular weight Mw is 30,000 to less than 150,000
- MI melt index: 230 ° C.
- the unit derived from propylene is 50 to 99 mol%.
- Mw is more preferably from 35,000 to 140,000
- MI is more preferably from 60 to less than 1,000, and even more preferably from 70 to less than 900.
- the unit derived from propylene is preferably 55 to 97 mol%, more preferably 55 to 95 mol%.
- the resin film-forming property (coverability) on the fiber surface tends to be lowered, and the dispersibility of the fiber during molding is lowered, and the mechanical strength of the molding material is lowered.
- the resin film-forming property (coverability) on the fiber surface tends to be lowered, and the dispersibility of the fiber during molding is lowered, and the mechanical strength of the molding material is lowered.
- the resin film-forming property (coverability) on the fiber surface tends to be lowered, and the dispersibility of the fiber during molding is lowered, and the mechanical strength of the molding material is lowered.
- the upper limit of the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 50 or less, more preferably 30 or less.
- A-1 is a propylene-based resin having a weight average molecular weight Mw of more than 50,000 and less than 150,000 and containing at least a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, It may be a propylene-based resin (A-3) containing a group represented by the above formula (1) at a total concentration of 0.05 to 5 mmol equivalent, and further a heavy polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin.
- a propylene-based resin (A-5) containing a coalescence may be used.
- the content of the polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin is 0.1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the propylene resin (A-5). It is preferable that
- the weight average molecular weight Mw is from 150,000 to 500,000, and the unit derived from propylene is 50 to 99 mol%, preferably 50 to 97 mol%, more preferably 50 to 95 mol%. Mol%. Mw is preferably 150,000 to 450,000. When it exists in these ranges, it is preferable at the point which the adhesive strength of the fiber surface and matrix resin improves.
- (A-2) is a propylene-based resin containing at least a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, and the total amount of the group represented by the above formula (1) is 0.05 to 5 mmol per gram of the resin.
- It may be a propylene resin (A-4) contained at an equivalent concentration, or a propylene resin (A-6) containing a polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin.
- the content of the polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the propylene resin (A-6).
- the raw materials of (A-3) and (A-4) can be obtained by various methods.
- a propylene resin and an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group in an organic solvent are used.
- a method of removing the solvent after reacting in the presence of a polymerization initiator a method of reacting a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group and a polymerization initiator with stirring to a melt obtained by heating and melting a propylene-based resin, and a method in which a mixture of a propylene-based resin, a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group, and a polymerization initiator is supplied to an extruder and reacted while heating and kneading.
- Ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, crotonic acid, and isocrotonic acid.
- anhydrides nadic TM Examples thereof include (endocis-bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid), maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride and the like. These monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, acid anhydrides are preferable, and maleic anhydride is more preferable.
- organic solvent examples include aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, toluene, and ethylbenzene, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane, isooctane, and isodecane, and alicyclic rings such as cyclohexane, cyclohexene, methylcyclohexane, and ethylcyclohexane.
- aromatic hydrocarbons such as xylene, toluene, and ethylbenzene
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane, heptane, octane, decane, isooctane, and isodecane
- alicyclic rings such as cyclohexane, cyclohexene, methylcyclohexane, and ethylcyclohexane.
- hydrocarbons ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, cellosolve acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, ester solvents such as 3 methoxybutyl acetate, ketone solvents such as methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.
- An organic solvent can be used, and a mixture of two or more of these may be used.
- aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons, and alicyclic hydrocarbons are preferable, and aliphatic hydrocarbons and alicyclic hydrocarbons are more preferably used.
- the above (A-3) and (A-4) are obtained by neutralizing or saponifying the raw materials of (A-3) and (A-4) in the production of an aqueous dispersion.
- Basic substances used for neutralization or saponification in the production of aqueous dispersions include alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and / or alkaline earth metals and / or other metals.
- Inorganic amines such as hydroxylamine and ammonium hydroxide, ammonia, (tri) methylamine, (tri) ethanolamine, (tri) ethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, morpholine and other organic amines, sodium oxide, sodium peroxide, alkali Mention of metal and / or alkaline earth metal oxides and / or other metals, hydroxides, hydrides, sodium carbonates and other alkali metals and / or alkaline earth metals and / or weak salts of other metals Can do.
- an alkali metal carboxylate such as sodium carboxylate or potassium carboxylate or ammonium carboxylate is preferred.
- the degree of neutralization or saponification is usually 50 to 100%, preferably 70 to 100%, more preferably 85 to 100%, from the viewpoint of the stability of the aqueous dispersion and the adhesion to the fibers.
- carboxylic acid groups in the above (A-3) and (A-4) are all neutralized or saponified by the above basic substance.
- the acid group may remain.
- polymerization initiator used in the present invention examples include benzoyl peroxide, dichlorobenzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di (peroxybenzoate) hexyne- 3,1,4-bis (tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene and the like. These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
- the above (A-5) and (A-6) can be obtained by various methods.
- a polymerization initiator is used to polymerize an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group and a propylene resin in an organic solvent. After the reaction in the presence of olefin, and further by reacting a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin in the presence of a polymerization initiator, or by removing the solvent in an organic solvent.
- a method of removing a solvent after reacting a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than an olefin and an unsaturated vinyl group other than an olefin in the presence of a polymerization initiator, or a propylene resin and an unsaturated vinyl in an organic solvent An ethylene-based unsaturated carboxylic acid having a group, a method of removing a solvent after reacting a polymer of a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than an olefin in the presence of a polymerization initiator, or propylene
- the melt obtained by heating and melting the resin is reacted with the carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group and a polymerization initiator under stirring, and the monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than the olefin is further reacted in the presence of the polymerization initiator.
- a polymer of a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin, a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group in a melt obtained by heating and melting a propylene-based resin and A method of reacting in the presence of a polymerization initiator or a mixture of a propylene-based resin, a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group, and a polymerization initiator is supplied to an extruder and reacted while heating and kneading.
- a method of supplying a mixture of a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group and a polymerization initiator to an extruder and reacting while heating and kneading, a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group and a carboxylic acid other than an olefin A mixture of a monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group and a polymerization initiator is supplied to an extruder and reacted while heating and kneading, or a propylene-based resin and a carboxylic acid having an unsaturated vinyl group and an olefin other than olefin are reacted. Examples thereof include a method in which a mixture of a monomer polymer having a saturated vinyl group and a polymerization initiator is supplied to an extruder and reacted while heating and kneading.
- Examples of the monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin used in the present invention include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, i-butyl (meth) ) Acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-amyl (meth) acrylate, isoamyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, octyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) ) Acrylate, dodecyl (meth) acrylate, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, lauroyl (meth)
- Alkyl (meth) acrylates Alkyl (meth) acrylates, styrene sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid soda, unsaturated sulfonic acids such as 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, mono (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) acid phosphate, mono (2-acrylic acid) And unsaturated phosphoric acid such as leuoxyethyl) acid phosphate.
- These can be used alone or in admixture of two or more. Using these monomers having an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin, a polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin can be obtained.
- (A-1), (A-3), and (A-5) are (A-1) -based resins
- (A-2), (A-4), and (A -6) is an (A-2) resin
- the (A) may be the (A-1) resin alone, the (A-1) resin and the (A-2) It may be a mixture with a resin.
- the (A-1) resin may be the above (A-3), the above (A-5), (A-1) and (A-3) May be a mixture of (A-1) and (A-5), a mixture of (A-3) and (A-5), and ( A mixture of (A-1), (A-3) and (A-5) may also be used.
- the (A-2) resin may be the above (A-4), the above (A-6), (A-2) and (A-4) May be a mixture of (A-2) and (A-6), a mixture of (A-4) and (A-6), and ( A mixture of (A-2), (A-4) and (A-6) may be used.
- (A-1) resin and (A-2) resin are used in combination, the dispersibility of the fiber and the physical properties of the molding material are improved at the time of molding.
- (A-1) resin: (A-2) resin is preferably 100: 0 to 30:70, from the viewpoint of improving the mechanical strength of the molding material and 100: 0. More preferably, it is ⁇ 35: 65.
- the (B) second propylene-based resin used in the present invention is a propylene-based resin containing at least a carboxylate bonded to a polymer chain, and is represented by the formula (1) per gram of the resin.
- a monomer having a neutralized or non-neutralized carboxylic acid group and / or a monomer having a saponified or unsaponified carboxylic acid ester in a copolymer of two or more types Can be obtained by graft polymerization.
- Examples of the monomer having a neutralized or non-neutralized carboxylic acid group and the monomer having a saponified or non-saponified carboxylic acid ester group include, for example, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid , Anhydrides thereof, and esters thereof.
- the total amount of the group represented by is 0.05 to 5 mmol equivalent, preferably 0.1 to 4 mmol equivalent, more preferably 0.3 to 3 mmol equivalent.
- Ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, nadic TM (Endoshisu as its anhydride - Bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid), maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, etc., as unsaturated carboxylic acid esters, methyl and ethyl of the above ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids Alternatively, monoesters or diesters such as propyl can be exemplified. These monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, acid anhydrides are preferable, and maleic anhydride is more preferable.
- the above (B) can be obtained by neutralizing or saponifying the above raw material (B) during the production of the aqueous dispersion.
- the above (B) can be obtained by the same method as the above (A-3).
- the (B) used here has a weight average molecular weight Mw of 1,000 or more and less than 50,000, preferably 1,200 or more and less than 48,000, and a phase with the first propylene-based resin (A).
- the structural unit derived from propylene is usually composed of a propylene-based resin (B) in an amount of 50 to 100 mol%, preferably 70 to 100 mol%, more preferably 85 to 100 mol%.
- These propylene resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and those having different Mw may be used in combination.
- the range of Mw in the above (B) is an optimal range in which the above (B) easily moves to the fiber surface during molding and the above (A) and molecules are entangled with each other.
- weight average molecular weight Mw (b) in (B) is different from the weight average molecular weight Mw (a) in (A), and Mw (a) is larger than Mw (b).
- the above-mentioned (B) may be a propylene resin (B-1) containing a polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin.
- the content of the polymer modified with an unsaturated vinyl group other than olefin is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the propylene resin (B-1).
- the above (B-1) can be obtained by the same method as the above (A-5).
- anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant As the anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant used in the present invention, known ones are used without limitation.
- anionic surfactants can be used.
- primary higher fatty acid salts secondary higher fatty acid salts, primary higher alcohol sulfates, and secondary higher alcohol sulfates.
- Salt primary higher alkyl sulfonate, secondary higher alkyl sulfonate, higher alkyl disulfonate, sulfonated higher fatty acid salt, higher fatty acid sulfate ester salt, higher fatty acid sulfate sulfonate salt, higher alcohol ether
- sulfuric acid sulfonates higher alcohol ether sulfonates, higher fatty acid amide alkylol sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkylphenol sulfonates, alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and alkylbenzimidazole sulfonates. .
- higher fatty acid salts particularly alkali metal salts of saturated or unsaturated higher fatty acids having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, such as capric acid, Unsaturated fatty acids such as undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, etc. Mention may be made of fatty acids or their alkali metal salts or mixtures thereof.
- nonionic surfactant known ones can be used.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide ether, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid
- esters polyoxyethylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, fatty acid sucrose esters, alkylolamides, polyoxyalkylene block copolymers, and the like.
- an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant can be used alone, or two or more types can be used in combination.
- Method for producing aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment In the method for producing an aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention, methods for dispersing the above components (A) to (C) in water are, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-008933, Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-096647, Japanese Patent Publication No. This is disclosed in No. 5-039995.
- Basic substances used for neutralization and saponification in the production of aqueous dispersions include alkali metals such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and / or alkaline earth metals and / or other metals.
- Inorganic amines such as hydroxylamine and ammonium hydroxide, ammonia, (tri) methylamine, (tri) ethanolamine, (tri) ethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, morpholine and other organic amines, sodium oxide, sodium peroxide, alkali Mention of metal and / or alkaline earth metal oxides and / or other metals, hydroxides, hydrides, sodium carbonates and other alkali metals and / or alkaline earth metals and / or weak salts of other metals Can do.
- carboxylic acid group or carboxylic acid ester group neutralized or saponified with a basic substance a carboxylic acid alkali metal salt such as sodium carboxylate or potassium carboxylate or ammonium carboxylate is preferred.
- the degree of neutralization or saponification is usually 50 to 100%, preferably 70 to 100%, more preferably 85 to 100%, from the viewpoint of the stability of the aqueous dispersion and the adhesion to the fibers.
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention obtained as described above contains, as necessary, organic pigments such as azo pigments and phthalocyanine blue; dyes such as azo dyes and anthraquinone dyes; aluminum oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, Components such as binder resins such as inorganic chemicals such as magnesium hydroxide, silica and barium titanate; colorants such as inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, molybdenum and carbon black can be included.
- organic pigments such as azo pigments and phthalocyanine blue
- dyes such as azo dyes and anthraquinone dyes
- colorants such as inorganic pigments such as titanium oxide, molybdenum and carbon black can be included.
- the above-mentioned aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention obtained further comprises various stabilizers such as antioxidants, weathering stabilizers and heat stabilizers; antifoaming agents, thickeners, dispersing agents, surfactants, antifungal agents.
- Components such as an agent, an antibacterial agent, an antiseptic, a catalyst, a filler, a wax, an antiblocking agent, a plasticizer, and a leveling agent can be contained.
- an antioxidant or a heat stabilizer Etc. are preferably used.
- a phenol-based antioxidant and a phosphorus-based processing stabilizer in combination.
- the addition amount is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 2% or less, based on the resin.
- the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention can be used as a fiber treatment agent, can be blended in a fiber reinforced resin, and used as a fiber binding.
- Fibers to be treated with the fiber treatment agent comprising the aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment of the present invention are not particularly limited, but glass fiber, carbon fiber, alumina fiber, ceramic fiber, rock fiber, slug fiber, metal fiber It can be widely used for inorganic fibers conventionally known as resin reinforcing materials. Among the inorganic fibers, carbon fibers and glass fibers are preferable.
- the carbon fiber has a surface oxygen concentration ratio [O / C] that is a ratio of the number of atoms of oxygen (O) and carbon (C) on the fiber surface measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of 0.05 to 0.5. Is preferable, more preferably 0.08 to 0.4, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.3.
- the surface oxygen concentration ratio is 0.05 or more, the functional group amount on the surface of the carbon fiber can be ensured, and a stronger adhesion to the thermoplastic resin can be obtained.
- limiting in particular in the upper limit of surface oxygen concentration ratio Generally it can be illustrated to 0.5 or less from the balance of the handleability of carbon fiber, and productivity.
- the surface oxygen concentration ratio of the carbon fiber is determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy according to the following procedure. First, after cutting the carbon fiber bundle from which the sizing agent and the like adhering to the carbon fiber surface with a solvent were cut to 20 mm and spreading and arranging on a copper sample support base, using AlK ⁇ 1, 2 as the X-ray source, The sample chamber was maintained at 1 ⁇ 10 8 Torr.
- the kinetic energy value (KE) of the main peak of C 1s is set to 1202 eV as a peak correction value associated with charging during measurement.
- O 1s peak area E Is obtained by drawing a straight base line in the range of 947 to 959 eV.
- the surface oxygen concentration ratio is calculated as an atomic ratio by using a sensitivity correction value unique to the apparatus from the ratio of the O 1s peak area to the C 1s peak area.
- a sensitivity correction value unique to the apparatus from the ratio of the O 1s peak area to the C 1s peak area.
- model ES-200 manufactured by Kokusai Electric Inc. is used, and the sensitivity correction value is set to 1.74.
- Means for controlling the surface oxygen concentration ratio [O / C] to 0.05 to 0.5 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include techniques such as electrolytic oxidation, chemical oxidation, and vapor phase oxidation. Among these, electrolytic oxidation treatment is preferable.
- the average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 1 to 20 ⁇ m and preferably in the range of 3 to 15 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of the mechanical properties and surface appearance of the obtained molded product. More preferred.
- the number of single yarns of the reinforcing fiber bundle is not particularly limited, and can be used within a range of 100 to 350,000, and particularly preferably within a range of 1,000 to 250,000. Further, from the viewpoint of productivity of reinforcing fibers, those having a large number of single yarns are preferable, and it is preferable to use them within the range of 20,000 to 100,000.
- polyolefin fibers such as polyolefin fibers, nylon fibers, vinylon fibers, acrylic fibers, polyester fibers, polyurethane fibers and the like.
- polyolefin fibers are preferred, and specific examples include ethylene fibers and propylene fibers.
- the treatment agent is attached to the fiber by a method such as a dipping method, a spray method, a roller coating method, and then dried at 50 to 300 ° C. for about 1 minute to 10 hours.
- a method such as a dipping method, a spray method, a roller coating method, and then dried at 50 to 300 ° C. for about 1 minute to 10 hours.
- the amount of the treatment agent attached is 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.3 to 37% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 35% by weight based on the fiber in that the fiber is easily dispersed. It is.
- the single fiber forming the reinforcing fiber bundle of the present invention is coated with a mixture containing the first propylene resin and the second propylene resin on at least 60% of the surface of the single fiber in order to exhibit stronger adhesiveness. It is preferable that The uncoated portion cannot exhibit adhesiveness, and becomes a starting point of peeling, resulting in a decrease in adhesiveness. Preferably, 70% or more is covered, and more preferably 80% or more. Examples of the coating state include a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or a technique of tracing the metal element of the carboxylate by elemental analysis of the fiber surface.
- SEM scanning electron microscope
- the number of fluffs measured by the fuzzing fluff evaluation method is preferably 10 or less, more preferably It is 8 or less, more preferably 5 or less.
- the bobbin of the reinforcing fiber bundle is allowed to stand for 30 minutes or more in a temperature control room controlled at a temperature of 23 ⁇ 5 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60 ⁇ 20%.
- a fuzzing fluff apparatus in a temperature control room where the temperature and humidity conditions are set, in accordance with the yarn path diagram shown in FIG.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle is put on a clean 1 incorporating a powder clutch, Make a yarn path.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle is applied to four of the flaw pins 2 having a fixed surface having a diameter of 10 mm and mirror-finished, and passed through the fluff counter 3.
- the fluff counter detects the number of fluff with a phototransistor while irradiating the running yarn from the lamp light and collecting the irradiated light with a lens.
- the detection accuracy can detect fuzz having a yarn length of 2 mm or more and a single fiber diameter of the reinforcing fiber of 3 ⁇ m or more.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle is wound around the drive roller 4 five times or more and wound around the winder 5 so that slip does not occur during traveling.
- the yarn speed is set to 3 m / min, and the running of the reinforcing fiber bundle is started on the yarn path via the roller 6 shown in FIG.
- the initial tension is adjusted with the powder clutch so that the tension of the reinforcing fiber bundle during traveling measured between the fluff counter 3 and the driving roller 4 becomes 6 gf / tex.
- the fluff counter is operated, and the evaluation of the fuzz in the running state is repeated three times for each sample for 1 minute.
- the number of rubbing fluffs X (pieces / m) is calculated from the following equation, where X1, X2, and X3 represent the number of fluffing feathers counted for 1 minute.
- the matrix resin includes polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, nylon, polyester, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide resin, polyacetal, polyimide, polyetheretherketone, polyvinyl chloride, and acrylic.
- the fiber treatment agent of the present invention can be particularly suitably used when the matrix resin is a propylene resin.
- the amount of fibers treated with these fiber treatment agents is usually 2 to 70 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 50 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin.
- the fiber treated with the above fiber treating agent can also be blended with cement materials such as Portland cement and alumina cement, ceramic materials such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , B 4 C, TiB 2 and ZnBr.
- cement materials such as Portland cement and alumina cement
- ceramic materials such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , B 4 C, TiB 2 and ZnBr.
- the above-mentioned fiber treatment agent is excellent in fiber convergence, can improve the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix resin, and can uniformly disperse the fiber in the matrix resin, so that high physical properties can be expressed.
- ⁇ Amount of carbon fiber treated material About 5 g of the reinforcing fiber bundle to which the propylene resin was adhered was taken, dried at 120 ° C. for 3 hours, and its weight W1 (g) was measured. Next, the reinforcing fiber bundle was heated at 450 ° C. for 15 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere, then cooled to room temperature, and its weight W2 (g) was measured. The adhesion amount was calculated by the following formula.
- Adhesion amount (%) (W1-W2) / W2 ⁇ 100
- the reinforcing fiber bundle to which the propylene-based resin was adhered was observed with a scanning electron microscope, and the fiber surface coverage was calculated from the area ratio between the resin-coated portion and the reinforcing fiber surface exposed portion.
- the single fibers of the reinforcing fiber bundle were observed at five arbitrary positions in the fiber axis direction for a length of 10 times the single fiber diameter. Select 5 single fibers arbitrarily and observe each of them at 5 arbitrary locations. The average of the total 25 locations is the fiber surface coverage, and 90% or more is A, 70% or more and less than 90% is B, 40% or more and less than 70% is C, and less than 40% is D.
- Fiber surface coverage resin coated part / (resin coated part + fiber surface exposed part)
- the reinforcing fiber bundle was wound around the drive roller 4 five times or more and wound around the winder 5 so that no slip occurred during traveling.
- the yarn speed was set to 3 m / min, and the running of the reinforcing fiber bundle was started on the yarn path via the roller 6 shown in FIG. After confirming that the yarn path was stable, the initial tension was adjusted with a powder clutch so that the tension of the reinforcing fiber bundle during running measured between the fluff counter 3 and the driving roller 4 was 6 gf / tex.
- the number of rubbing fluffs X (number / m) is calculated from the following formula, with the number of rubbing fluff counted in 1 minute being X1, X2, and X3, and those with 0-2 / m are calculated as A, 3-5 / B was m, C was 6-10 pieces / m, D was 11 pieces / m or more, and A, B, and C were acceptable.
- test pieces were produced in the same manner as described above.
- the test piece was set to a test length of 25 mm using a normal tensile test jig and measured at a strain rate of 0.5 mm / min.
- the average broken fiber length (l) when no reinforcing fiber breakage occurred was measured with a transmission microscope.
- l is an average value of the breaking length ( ⁇ m) of the final fiber
- ⁇ f is the tensile strength (MPa) of the fiber
- d is the diameter ( ⁇ m) of the fiber.
- ⁇ f was determined by the following method assuming that the tensile strength distribution of the reinforcing fiber follows the Weibull distribution. That is, using a single fiber, a relational expression between the sample length and the average tensile strength is obtained from the average tensile strength obtained at a sample length of 5, 25, 50 mm by the least square method, and the average tensile strength at the sample length lc is obtained. Was calculated.
- A is 16 MPa or more
- B is 14 MPa or more and less than 16 MPa
- B is 12 MPa or more and less than 14 MPa
- B is 10 MPa or more and less than 12 MPa
- C is D or less than 10 MPa.
- A propylene-based resin
- A-1 consisttituent unit derived from propylene (hereinafter also referred
- This mixture was put into a pressure kneader and melt-kneaded at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- a 20% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution was poured into the kneader in an amount necessary for neutralizing all carboxylic acids, and kneaded for 30 minutes. This was taken out, put into warm water and stirred sufficiently to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- the surface oxygen concentration ratio was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy according to the following procedure using the carbon fiber after the surface oxidation treatment. First, the carbon fiber bundle was cut to 20 mm, spread and arranged on a copper sample support, and then AlK ⁇ 1 and 2 were used as an X-ray source, and the inside of the sample chamber was kept at 1 ⁇ 10 8 Torr.
- the kinetic energy value (KE) of the main peak of C 1s was adjusted to 1,202 eV as a peak correction value associated with charging during measurement.
- C 1s peak area E It was obtained by drawing a straight base line in the range of 1,191 to 1,205 eV.
- O 1s peak area E It was obtained by drawing a straight base line in the range of 947 to 959 eV.
- the atomic ratio was calculated from the ratio between the O 1s peak area and the C 1s peak area using a sensitivity correction value unique to the apparatus.
- a model ES-200 manufactured by Kokusai Electric Inc. was used as the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy apparatus, and the sensitivity correction value was set to 1.74.
- the water dispersion obtained in the above (1) is adjusted to a solid content concentration of 6% and adhered by a roller impregnation method, and dried online at 210 ° C. for 2 minutes to remove moisture. Then, a test piece was prepared. About the created test piece, [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the adhesion amount of resin was 3%.
- a 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was continuously supplied at a rate of 90 g / hour and continuously extruded at a heating temperature of 210 ° C.
- the extruded resin mixture was cooled to 110 ° C. with a jacketed static mixer installed at the extruder port, and further poured into warm water at 80 ° C. to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a water dispersion was obtained in the same manner as above. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 12 Except that the amount of the propylene / butene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 91 parts by weight to 70 parts by weight and the amount of the maleic anhydride-modified propylene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 9 parts by weight to 30 parts by weight.
- an aqueous dispersion was obtained.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 13 Except that the amount of the propylene / butene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 91 parts by weight to 85 parts by weight and the amount of the maleic anhydride-modified propylene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 9 parts by weight to 15 parts by weight.
- an aqueous dispersion was obtained.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 14 Except that the amount of the propylene / butene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 91 parts by weight to 95 parts by weight and the amount of the maleic anhydride-modified propylene / ethylene copolymer was changed from 9 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight.
- an aqueous dispersion was obtained.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 15 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the amount of potassium oleate was changed from 3 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.3 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 18 Except that the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed to a 1: 1 (weight ratio) mixed solution of 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide and 20% aqueous ammonia, and the supply rate was changed from 90 g / hour to 110 g / hour.
- An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 19 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed to a 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and the supply rate was changed from 90 g / hour to 70 g / hour.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 20 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed to 20% aqueous ammonia and the supply rate was changed from 90 g / hour to 150 g / hour.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 21 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed to a 20% aqueous dimethylethanolamine solution and the supply rate was changed from 90 g / hour to 120 g / hour.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 22 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the supply amount of the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed from 90 g / hour to 55 g / hour.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- the degree of neutralization of all carboxylic acids was 90%.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 23 An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the supply amount of the 20% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was changed from 90 g / hour to 43 g / hour.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.6 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- the degree of neutralization of all carboxylic acids was 70%.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 27 The composition of the monomer having an unsaturated vinyl group was changed to 4 parts by weight of maleic anhydride, 2 parts by weight of styrene, and 4 parts by weight of ethyl methacrylate, and styrene / (meth) acrylic acid ester / maleic anhydride modified propylene / butene /
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 5 parts by weight of the mixed resin was used. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Toluene was removed from the solution to obtain a styrene / (meth) acrylic acid ester / maleic anhydride copolymer.
- Example 32 Tested by the method described in Example 1 (2) except that the amount of propylene-based resin adhered to the carbon fiber was changed to 1.0% by weight and the aqueous dispersion was changed to that obtained in Example 2. Create a piece, [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 33 Except for changing the amount of propylene-based resin attached to the carbon fiber to 20% by weight and changing the aqueous dispersion to that obtained in Example 2, the test piece was prepared by the method described in Example 1 (2). Create [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 34 [Example 34] [1. Evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the carbon fiber used for the evaluation by the method described in [Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material] was changed to the following continuous carbon fiber. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Spinning, baking treatment, and surface acid value treatment were performed from a copolymer containing polyacrylonitrile as a main component to obtain continuous carbon fibers having a total number of single yarns of 24,000.
- the characteristics of this continuous carbon fiber are as follows.
- the surface oxygen concentration ratio was determined by the method described in Example 1.
- a sample of 130 MPa or more was designated as A, 100 MPa or more and less than 130 MPa was designated as B, 70 MPa or more and less than 100 MPa was designated as C, and one less than 70 MPa was designated as D.
- Example 36 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 16 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 37 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 25 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 38 Except for using the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 26, a test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35, and the physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 39 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 28 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 40 The water dispersion obtained in Example 2 was matted with 80 parts by weight of synthetic pulp SWP Y600 (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals Co., Ltd.) and 20 parts by weight of natural pulp with a batch tester, and the solid content was 15 It impregnated by spraying with a spray so as to be part by weight.
- a polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared by adjusting the thickness with a spacer of 1.5 mm with a hot press at 100 ° C. About the produced polyolefin-type nonwoven fabric, [3. The physical property test was performed by the method described in Evaluation method of polyolefin fiber-containing molding material]. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 41 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 16 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 42 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 25 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 43 A polyolefin-based non-woven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the water dispersion obtained in Example 26 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 44 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion obtained in Example 28 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a 15% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was continuously supplied at a rate of 250 g / hour and continuously extruded at a heating temperature of 210 ° C.
- the extruded resin mixture was cooled to 110 ° C. with a jacketed static mixer installed at the extruder port, and further poured into warm water at 80 ° C. to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 35%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 47 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 46 was used, and [2. The physical property test was carried out by the method described in “Evaluation method of glass fiber-containing molding material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 48 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 46 was used, and [3. The physical property test was performed by the method described in Evaluation method of polyolefin fiber-containing molding material]. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a 15% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was continuously supplied at a rate of 250 g / hour and continuously extruded at a heating temperature of 210 ° C.
- the extruded resin mixture was cooled to 110 ° C. with a jacketed static mixer installed at the extruder port, and further poured into warm water at 80 ° C. to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 35%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 50 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 49 was used, and [2. The physical property test was carried out by the method described in “Evaluation method of glass fiber-containing molding material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 51 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 49 was used, and [3. The physical property test was performed by the method described in Evaluation method of polyolefin fiber-containing molding material]. The results are shown in Table 1.
- styrene / (meth) acrylic acid ester / maleic anhydride modified propylene / butene / ethylene copolymer (A-5) (C3 66 mol%,
- a 15% aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was continuously supplied at a rate of 250 g / hour and continuously extruded at a heating temperature of 210 ° C.
- the extruded resin mixture was cooled to 110 ° C. with a jacketed static mixer installed at the extruder port, and further poured into warm water at 80 ° C. to obtain an aqueous dispersion.
- the obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 35%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.2 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 53 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 52 was used, and [2. The physical property test was carried out by the method described in “Evaluation method of glass fiber-containing molding material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 54 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Example 52 was used, and [3. The physical property test was performed by the method described in Evaluation method of polyolefin fiber-containing molding material]. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 1 The continuous carbon fiber bundle used in Example 1 was used as it was [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 2 The same method as in Example 2, except that 91 parts by weight of the propylene / butene / ethylene copolymer described in Example 1 was changed to 91 parts by weight of the maleic anhydride-modified propylene / ethylene polymer described in Example 1. A water dispersion was obtained. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1.
- the physical property test was conducted by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 3 Except that the amount of the maleic anhydride-modified propylene / ethylene copolymer described in Example 1 was changed from 9 parts by weight to 5 parts by weight and the amount of potassium oleate was changed from 3 parts by weight to 2 parts by weight.
- An aqueous dispersion was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2. The obtained aqueous dispersion had a yield of 99%, a solid content concentration of 45%, a pH of 12, and an average particle size of 5 ⁇ m (measured by Microtrac).
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1.
- the physical property test was conducted by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- a test piece was prepared by the method described in (2) of Example 1, and [1. Evaluation was performed by the method described in “Method for evaluating carbon fiber treated material”. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 5 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 2 was used, and the physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 6 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 3 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 7 A test piece for evaluating physical properties was prepared by the method described in Example 35 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 4 was used, and the physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 8 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 2 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 9 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 3 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Example 10 A polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric was prepared in the same manner as in Example 40 except that the aqueous dispersion described in Comparative Example 4 was used, and a physical property test was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.
Abstract
Description
(B)重合体鎖に結合したカルボン酸塩を少なくとも含むプロピレン系樹脂であって、樹脂1グラム当り、式(1)
(C)アニオン型および/またはノニオン型界面活性剤、ならびに
(D)水を含有し、
(A)および(B)に由来する樹脂固形分が水に分散した繊維処理用水分散体であって、
(A)100重量部に対して、(B)0.3~45重量部と、(C)0.5~40重量部とを含有し、水分含有量が3~90重量%であり、
(A)の重量平均分子量(以下「Mw(a)」とも記す。)と(B)の重量平均分子量(以下「Mw(b)」とも記す。)とが異なり、かつMw(a)の方がMw(b)より大きく、(A)および(B)に由来する樹脂固形分の平均粒子径が0.03~3μmであることを特徴とする繊維処理用水分散体。
本発明に用いられる(A)オレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~99モル%である第1のプロピレン系樹脂としては、プロピレンと少なくとも1種のα-オレフィンとの共重合体が挙げられる。α-オレフィンの含有量は、成形時の炭素繊維分散性の観点から、通常、1~50モル%で、好ましくは3~50モル%で、さらに好ましくは5~45モル%である。α-オレフィンの具体例としては、エチレン、1-ブテン、3-メチル-1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、3-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-ヘプテン、1-オクテン、1-デセン、1-ドデセン等のプロピレンを除く炭素数2~12のα-オレフィンが挙げられる。中でも、マトリックス樹脂に用いられるポリプロピレンとの相溶性、第2のプロピレン系樹脂(B)との相溶性の観点から、エチレン・プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン・1-ブテン共重合体、エチレン・プロピレン・1-ブテン共重合体などが好適なものとして挙げられる。
本発明で用いられる(B)第2のプロピレン系樹脂とは、重合体鎖に結合したカルボン酸塩を少なくとも含むプロピレン系樹脂であって、樹脂1グラム当り、式(1)
本発明に用いられる、アニオン型界面活性剤、ノニオン型界面活性剤は、限定なく公知のものが用いられる。
本発明の繊維処理用水分散体の製造方法において、上記(A)~(C)成分を水に分散する方法は、例えば、特公平7-008933号報、特公平7-096647号報、特公平5-039975号報等に開示されている。
上記擦過毛羽数が少ない場合は、強化繊維束の毛羽立ちが少ないことを意味し、強化繊維束としては良好となる傾向にある。
炭素繊維処理材の付着量、繊維表面被覆率、擦過毛羽数、および界面剪断強度を以下のように評価した。
プロピレン系樹脂が付着した強化繊維束を約5g取り、120℃で3時間乾燥し、その重量W1(g)を測定した。次いで、強化繊維束を窒素雰囲気中450℃で15分間加熱後、室温まで冷却しその重量W2(g)を測定した。付着量は下式で算出した。
プロピレン系樹脂が付着した強化繊維束を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察し、樹脂被覆部分と強化繊維表面露出部分の面積比より繊維表面被覆率を算出した。観察範囲は強化繊維束の単繊維を繊維軸方向に単繊維径の10倍の長さ分について任意の5ヶ所で観察した。単繊維を任意で5本選択し、それぞれ任意の5ヶ所で観察し、合計25ヶ所の平均を繊維表面被覆率とし、90%以上のものをA、70%以上90%未満のものをB、40%以上70%未満のものをC、40%未満のものをDとした。
プロピレン系樹脂が付着した強化繊維束を、温度23±5℃、相対湿度60±20%に管理された温調室に30分以上放置した。次に、上記温度と湿度条件が設定されている温調室内にある擦過毛羽装置を用いて、図1に示した糸道図に従い、強化繊維束をパウダークラッチを内臓したクリーン1に仕掛けて、糸道を作製した。まず、擦過毛羽を発生させるために、直径10mmの固定した表面が鏡面加工された擦過ピン2の4個に強化繊維素束をかけ、毛羽カウンター3を通過させた。走行時にスリップが発生しないように駆動ローラー4に強化繊維束を5回以上巻いて、ワインダー5に巻きつけた。糸速を3m/分に設定して、図1に示したローラー6を介した糸道で強化繊維束の走行を開始した。糸道が安定した事を確認し、毛羽カウンター3から駆動ローラー4の間で測定した走行時の強化繊維束の張力が6gf/texになるように、パウダークラッチで初期張力を調整した。
プロピレン系樹脂が付着した強化繊維束から長さ20cmの単繊維1本を取出し、続いて未変性プロピレン樹脂(商品名:プライムポリプロJ105G、プライムポリマー(株)製)50重量%と、酸変性プロピレン樹脂(商品名:アドマーQB850、三井化学(株)製)50重量%とからなる厚み150μmの樹脂フィルムを20cmD20cm角の大きさで2枚作製し、前記取出した単繊維を1枚目の樹脂フィルム上に直線状に配置した。もう1枚の樹脂フィルムで単繊維を挟むように重ねて配置し、200℃で3分間、0.5MPaの圧力で加圧プレスし、単繊維が樹脂に埋め込まれたサンプルを作製した。得られたサンプルを切出し、単繊維が中央に埋没した厚さ0.2mm、幅10mm、長さ70mmの試験片を得た。上記と同様にして試験片を10個作製した。
ここで、lは最終的な繊維の破断長さ(μm)の平均値、σfは繊維の引張り強さ(MPa)、dは繊維の直径(μm)である。σfは強化繊維の引張強度分布がワイブル分布に従うとして次の方法で求めた。即ち、単繊維を用い、試料長が5、25、50mmで得られた平均引張強度から最小2乗法により、試料長と平均引張強度との関係式を求め、試料長lcの時の平均引張強度を算出した。
(1)水分散体の作成
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-1)(プロピレンから導かれる構成単位(以下「C3」とも記す。)=66モル%、重量平均分子量(以下「Mw」とも記す。)=9万、MI(メルトインデックス:230℃)(以下単に「MI」とも記す。)=700)91重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)9重量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム3重量部を混合した。この混合物を加圧型ニーダー中に投入し、180℃、30分間溶融混練した。このニーダー内に20%水酸化カリウム水溶液を、全カルボン酸を中和するのに必要な量注入し、30分間混練をした。これを取出し、温水中に投入して十分撹拌して水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
ポリアクリロニトリルを主成分とする共重合体から、紡糸、焼成処理、表面酸価処理を行い、総単糸数24,000本の連続炭素繊維を得た。この連続炭素繊維の特性は以下のとおりである。
単位長さあたりの質量:1.6g/m
比重:1.8
表面酸素濃度比[O/C]:0.06
引張強度:4600MPa
引張弾性率:220GPa
ここで表面酸素濃度比は、表面酸化処理を行った後の炭素繊維を用いて、X線光電子分光法により次の手順に従って求めた。まず、炭素繊維束を20mmにカットして、銅製の試料支持台に拡げて並べた後、X線源としてAlKα1、2を用い、試料チャンバー中を1×108Torrに保った。測定時の帯電に伴うピークの補正値としてC1sの主ピークの運動エネルギー値(K.E.)を1,202eVに合せた。C1sピーク面積をK.E.として1,191~1,205eVの範囲で直線のベースラインを引く事により求めた。O1sピーク面積をK.E.として947~959eVの範囲で直線のベースラインを引く事により求めた。O1sピーク面積とC1sピーク面積との比から装置固有の感度補正値を用いて原子数比として算出した。X線光電子分光法装置として、国際電気社製モデルES-200を用い、感度補正値を1.74とした。
(1)水分散体の作成
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-1)(C3=66モル%、Mw=9万、MI=700)91重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)9重量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム3重量部を混合した。この混合物を2軸スクリュー押出機(池貝鉄工株式会社製、PCM-30、L/D=40)のホッパーより3,000g/時間の速度で供給し、同押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より、20%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を90g/時間の割合で連続的に供給し、加熱温度210℃で連続的に押出した。押出した樹脂混合物を、同押出機口に設置したジャケット付きスタティックミキサーで110℃まで冷却し、さらに80℃の温水中に投入して水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
得られた水分散体を用いて、実施例1の(2)に記載の方法で試験片を作成し、[1.炭素繊維処理材の評価方法]に記載の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
プロピレン系樹脂(A-1)として、プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=70モル%、Mw=13万、MI=80)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A-1)として、プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=95モル%、Mw=13万、MI=200)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A-1)として、プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=70モル%、Mw=6万、MI=800)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=95モル%、Mw=4万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=1万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=0.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=87モル%、Mw=2万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=1.02ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、メタクリル酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.93ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体の量を91重量部から70重量部に変更し、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体の量を9重量部から30重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.3μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体の量を91重量部から85重量部に変更し、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体の量を9重量部から15重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.3μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体の量を91重量部から95重量部に変更し、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体の量を9重量部から5重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.5μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
オレイン酸カリウムの量を3重量部から10重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.3μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-1)(C3=66モル%、Mw=9万、MI=700)45.5重量部と、プロピレン・ブテン共重合体(A-2)(C3=81モル%、Mw=30万、MI=7)45.5重量部との混合樹脂を用いた以外は実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(C3=66モル%、Mw=30万、MI=7)90重量部を用いた以外は実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液を、20%水酸化カリウム水溶液および20%アンモニア水の1:1(重量比)混合液に変更し、供給量を90g/時間から110g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液を20%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に変更し、供給量を90g/時間から70g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液を20%アンモニア水に変更し、供給量を90g/時間から150g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液を20%のジメチルエタノールアミン水溶液に変更し、供給量を90g/時間から120g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液の供給量を90g/時間から55g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。全カルボン酸の中和度は90%であった。
20%水酸化カリウム水溶液の供給量を90g/時間から43g/時間に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.6μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。全カルボン酸の中和度は70%であった。
無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体を、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=95モル%、Mw=2.5万、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:10重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.6μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-3)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=750、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.3μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-5)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=800、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:30重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
不飽和ビニル基を有する単量体の組成を無水マレイン酸 4重量部、スチレン 2重量部、エチルメタクリレート 4重量部に変更し、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体のスチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量を10重量%(酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)に変更した以外は、実施例24と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-1)(C3=66モル%、Mw=9万、MI=700)45.5重量部と、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-5)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=800、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:10重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)45.5重量部との混合樹脂を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-3)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=750、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)45.5重量部と、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン共重合体(A-4)(C3=81モル%、Mw=20万、MI=9、無水マレイン酸含有量:4重量%)45.5重量部との混合樹脂を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-5)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=800、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:10重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)45.5重量部と、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン重合体(A-6)(C3=81モル%、Mw=20万、MI=10、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:10重量%)45.5重量部との混合樹脂を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-5)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=800、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:30重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)45.5重量部と、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン重合体(A-6)(C3=81モル%、Mw=20万、MI=10、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:30重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)45.5重量部との混合樹脂を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
炭素繊維に付着させるプロピレン系樹脂量を1.0重量%に変更し、水分散体を実施例2で得られたものに変更した以外は、実施例1の(2)に記載の方法で試験片を作成し、[1.炭素繊維処理材の評価方法]に記載の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
炭素繊維に付着させるプロピレン系樹脂量を20重量%に変更し、水分散体を実施例2で得られたものに変更した以外は、実施例1の(2)に記載の方法で試験片を作成し、[1.炭素繊維処理材の評価方法]に記載の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
[1.炭素繊維処理材の評価方法]に記載の方法で評価に用いる炭素繊維を、下記の連続炭素繊維に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
単位長さあたりの質量:1.6g/m
比重:1.8
表面酸素濃度比[O/C]:0.12
引張強度:4600MPa
引張弾性率:220GPa
<成型材の外観>
ガラス繊維の分散状態を目視にて評価し、分散状態の良いものをA、繊維束が残っているものをDとした。
(i)引張り強度:ASTM D638号の方法に準じて評価した。
実施例2で得られた水分散体を、直径13μmのガラス繊維の固形分に対して1重量%添加し、1,000本のガラス繊維を集束してストランドとした。このストランドを3mmの長さで切断して、チョップドストランドを得た。ここで得られたチョップドストランド43重量部と、ポリプロピレン([η]=1.8dl/g、融点=160℃)100重量部とを混合し、タンブラーミキサーで撹拌後、40mmΦの押出機でペレットを得た。このペレットを用いて射出成型し、物性評価用の試験片を作成した。この試験片について、[2.ガラス繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例16で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例25で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例26で得られた水分散体用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例28で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
<ポリオレフィン系不織布の形態>
フィブリル構造の有無を顕微鏡で評価し、構造が残っているものをA、構造が崩れているものをDとした。
不織布の両端を引張り、紙粉が発生するか評価し、紙粉が発生しないものをA、紙粉が発生するものをDとした。
実施例2で得られた水分散体を、合成パルプSWP Y600(三井化学(株)製)80重量部と天然パルプ20重量部とをバッチ式試験機でマット化したものに、固形分で15重量部となるようにスプレーにて吹き付けて含浸させた。これを100℃のホットプレスにて1.5mmのスペーサーで厚みを調整しながらポリオレフィン系不織布を作成した。作成したポリオレフィン系不織布について、[3.ポリオレフィン繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例16で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例25で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例26で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例28で得られた水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-4)(C3=70モル%、Mw=20万、MI=20、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)90重量部を用いた以外は実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.3μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン共重合体(A-4)(C3=70モル%、Mw=8万、MI=500、酸含有量=0.2ミリモル)75重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)25重量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム7重量部を混合した。この混合物を2軸スクリュー押出機(池貝鉄工株式会社製、PCM-30、L/D=40)のホッパーより3,000g/時間の速度で供給し、同押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より、15%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を250g/時間の割合で連続的に供給し、加熱温度210℃で連続的に押出した。押出した樹脂混合物を、同押出機口に設置したジャケット付きスタティックミキサーで110℃まで冷却し、さらに80℃の温水中に投入して水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:35%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.2μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
実施例46に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、[2.ガラス繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例46に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、[3.ポリオレフィン繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-4)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=750、酸含有量=0.2ミリモル)75重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)25重量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム7重量部を混合した。この混合物を2軸スクリュー押出機(池貝鉄工株式会社製、PCM-30、L/D=40)のホッパーより3,000g/時間の速度で供給し、同押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より、15%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を250g/時間の割合で連続的に供給し、加熱温度210℃で連続的に押出した。押出した樹脂混合物を、同押出機口に設置したジャケット付きスタティックミキサーで110℃まで冷却し、さらに80℃の温水中に投入して水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:35%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.2μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
実施例49に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、[2.ガラス繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例49に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、[3.ポリオレフィン繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体(A-5)(C3=66モル%、Mw=7万、MI=800、スチレン・(メタ)アクリル酸エステル・無水マレイン酸含有量:30重量%、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)75重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体(C3=98モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)25重量部、界面活性剤(C)として、オレイン酸カリウム7重量部を混合した。この混合物を2軸スクリュー押出機(池貝鉄工株式会社製、PCM-30、L/D=40)のホッパーより3,000g/時間の速度で供給し、同押出機のベント部に設けた供給口より、15%の水酸化カリウム水溶液を250g/時間の割合で連続的に供給し、加熱温度210℃で連続的に押出した。押出した樹脂混合物を、同押出機口に設置したジャケット付きスタティックミキサーで110℃まで冷却し、さらに80℃の温水中に投入して水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:35%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.2μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
実施例52に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、[2.ガラス繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例52に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、[3.ポリオレフィン繊維含有成型材の評価方法]に記載の方法で物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いた連続炭素繊維束をそのまま[1.炭素繊維処理材の評価方法]に記載の方法で評価を行った。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1に記載のプロピレン・ブテン・エチレン共重合体91重量部を、実施例1に記載の無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン重合体91重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
実施例1に記載の無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン・エチレン共重合体の量を9重量部から5重量部に変更し、オレイン酸カリウムの量を3重量部から2重量部に変更した以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:5μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
プロピレン系樹脂(A)として、無水マレイン酸変性ポリプロピレン(A-3)(C3=66モル%、Mw=5万、MI=300、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)33重量部、プロピレン系樹脂(B)の原料として、無水マレイン酸変性プロピレン重合体(C3=100モル%、Mw=2.5万、酸含有量=0.81ミリモル)67重量部を用いた以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で水分散体を得た。得られた水分散体は、収率:99%、固形分濃度:45%、pH:12で、平均粒子径:0.4μm(マイクロトラックの測定)であった。
比較例2に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
比較例3に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
比較例4に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例35に記載の方法で物性評価用の試験片を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
比較例2に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
比較例3に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
比較例4に記載の水分散体を用いた以外は、実施例40と同様にしてポリオレフィン系不織布を作成し、物性試験を行った。結果を表1に示す。
2 表面が鏡面加工された擦過ピン
3 毛羽カウンター
4 駆動ローラー
5 ワインダー
6 ローラー
7 炭素繊維走行方向
Claims (20)
- (A)オレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~99モル%である第1のプロピレン系樹脂、
(B)重合体鎖に結合したカルボン酸塩を少なくとも含むプロピレン系樹脂であって、樹脂1グラム当り、式(1)
(C)アニオン型および/またはノニオン型界面活性剤、ならびに
(D)水を含有し、
(A)および(B)に由来する樹脂固形分が水に分散した繊維処理用水分散体であって、
(A)100重量部に対して、(B)0.3~45重量部と、(C)0.5~40重量部とを含有し、水分含有量が3~90重量%であり、
(A)の重量平均分子量(以下「Mw(a)」とも記す。)と(B)の重量平均分子量(以下「Mw(b)」とも記す。)とが異なり、かつMw(a)の方がMw(b)より大きく、(A)および(B)に由来する樹脂固形分の平均粒子径が0.03~3μmであることを特徴とする繊維処理用水分散体。 - 前記(A)が実質的に未変性のプロピレン系樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A)が、MI(メルトインデックス:230℃)が50以上のプロピレン系樹脂(A-1)を含むことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-1)が、重量平均分子量Mwが30,000以上150,000未満であることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A)が、前記(A-1)と、重量平均分子量Mwが150,000以上500,000以下であり、かつオレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~99モル%であるプロピレン系樹脂(A-2)とを含むことを特徴とする請求項3または4に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-1)と前記(A-2)との重量比〔(A-1):(A-2)〕が、100:0~30:70であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(B)が、重量平均分子量Mwが1,000~50,000であり、かつオレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~100モル%であることを特徴とする請求項2~6のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A)が、MI(メルトインデックス:230℃)が50以上のプロピレン系樹脂(A-1)を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-1)が、重量平均分子量Mwが30,000以上150,000未満であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A)が、前記(A-1)と、重量平均分子量Mwが150,000以上500,000以下であり、かつオレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~99モル%であるプロピレン系樹脂(A-2)とを含むことを特徴とする請求項8または9に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-1)と前記(A-2)との重量比〔(A-1):(A-2)〕が、100:0~30:70であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(B)が、重量平均分子量Mwが1,000~50,000であり、かつオレフィン成分のプロピレンから導かれる構成単位が50~100モル%であることを特徴とする請求項8~11のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(B)が、オレフィン以外の不飽和ビニル基で変性された重合体をさらに含むプロピレン系樹脂(B-1)であることを特徴とする請求項1~14のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-3)が、オレフィン以外の不飽和ビニル基で変性された重合体をさらに含むプロピレン系樹脂(A-5)であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 前記(A-4)が、オレフィン以外の不飽和ビニル基で変性された重合体をさらに含むプロピレン系樹脂(A-6)であることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- 炭素繊維処理用であることを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- ガラス繊維処理用であることを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
- ポリオレフィン繊維処理用であることを特徴とする請求項1~17のいずれか1項に記載の繊維処理用水分散体。
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US13/141,670 US20110257325A1 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2009-12-24 | Aqueous dispersion for fiber treatment |
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KR101288676B1 (ko) | 2013-07-22 |
EP2372018A4 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
US20110257325A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
CN102257209B (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
KR20110104977A (ko) | 2011-09-23 |
TW201035411A (en) | 2010-10-01 |
EP2372018A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CN102257209A (zh) | 2011-11-23 |
JPWO2010074118A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
EP2372018B1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
JP5430583B2 (ja) | 2014-03-05 |
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