WO2009128419A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009128419A1 WO2009128419A1 PCT/JP2009/057435 JP2009057435W WO2009128419A1 WO 2009128419 A1 WO2009128419 A1 WO 2009128419A1 JP 2009057435 W JP2009057435 W JP 2009057435W WO 2009128419 A1 WO2009128419 A1 WO 2009128419A1
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 85
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/0445—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L21/048—Making electrodes
- H01L21/0485—Ohmic electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/7801—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/7802—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/45—Ohmic electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66053—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide
- H01L29/66068—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having a semiconductor body comprising crystalline silicon carbide the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66007—Multistep manufacturing processes
- H01L29/66075—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials
- H01L29/66227—Multistep manufacturing processes of devices having semiconductor bodies comprising group 14 or group 13/15 materials the devices being controllable only by the electric current supplied or the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched, e.g. three-terminal devices
- H01L29/66409—Unipolar field-effect transistors
- H01L29/66477—Unipolar field-effect transistors with an insulated gate, i.e. MISFET
- H01L29/66674—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/66712—Vertical DMOS transistors, i.e. VDMOS transistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/80—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier
- H01L29/808—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by a PN or other rectifying junction gate, i.e. potential-jump barrier with a PN junction gate, e.g. PN homojunction gate
- H01L29/8083—Vertical transistors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/12—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/16—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L29/1608—Silicon carbide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a semiconductor device including an electrode disposed in contact with a SiC wafer made of silicon carbide.
- an n-type region whose conductivity type is n-type and a p-type region whose conductivity type is p-type are formed, and an electrode is connected to the n-type region and the p-type region.
- an electrode is required not only to have its own resistance (electrical resistance) but also to have low contact resistance with the n-type region and the p-type region.
- SiC silicon carbide
- SiC silicon carbide
- SiC is a wide bandgap semiconductor having a larger bandgap than silicon (Si), which has been widely used as a material constituting a semiconductor device. Therefore, by adopting SiC as a material constituting the semiconductor device, it is possible to achieve high breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device, reduction of on-resistance, and the like.
- a semiconductor device that employs SiC as a material has an advantage that a decrease in characteristics when used in a high-temperature environment is smaller than a semiconductor device that employs Si as a material.
- Ni (nickel) and p-type impurities are used as materials for electrodes in contact with n-type SiC regions containing n-type impurities (impurities whose conductivity type is n-type).
- the contact resistance can be reduced by adopting Ti (titanium) / Al (aluminum) or an AlSi alloy as the material of the electrode in contact with the p-type SiC region (for example, Tomo Tanimoto, Four others, "Omic contact formation technology of SiC devices", IEICE Transactions, The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, April 2003, Vol. J86-C, No. 4, p359-367 (non-patent literature) 1)).
- SiC is used as the material of the semiconductor device by appropriately selecting the material constituting the electrode depending on whether the region in contact with the electrode is an n-type SiC region or a p-type SiC region. Even in this case, the contact resistance between the p-type region and the n-type region and the electrode can be reduced.
- the material that constitutes the electrode that contacts the p-type region and the material that constitutes the electrode that contacts the n-type region are different, a plurality of steps for forming these electrodes are required, increasing the number of manufacturing steps. To do. As a result, there arises a problem that the manufacturing cost of the semiconductor device increases.
- the difference between the material constituting the electrode in contact with the p-type region and the material constituting the electrode in contact with the n-type region is a factor that hinders the improvement in the degree of integration of the semiconductor device.
- an object of the present invention is to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and improve the degree of integration by providing an electrode that can contact both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device that can be used.
- a semiconductor device includes an SiC wafer made of silicon carbide, and an ohmic contact electrode that is disposed in contact with the SiC wafer and contains titanium, aluminum, silicon, and carbon, and the balance is made of inevitable impurities.
- the SiC wafer includes an n-type region whose conductivity type is n-type and a p-type region whose conductivity type is p-type. Each of the n-type region and the p-type region is in contact with the ohmic contact electrode.
- the ohmic contact electrode contains aluminum and titanium in a region including the interface with the SiC wafer.
- the ohmic contact electrode constituting the semiconductor device according to one aspect of the present invention contains aluminum and titanium in a region including the interface with the SiC wafer. Thereby, the ohmic contact electrode can be in contact with both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance. As a result, according to the semiconductor device of one aspect of the present invention, the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the p-type region and the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the n-type region can be formed of the same material. A semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of steps and improving the degree of integration can be provided.
- the state that “the region including the interface with the SiC wafer contains aluminum and titanium” is defined as noise in the region including the interface with the SiC wafer by performing Auger spectroscopic analysis, for example.
- the state in which the presence of aluminum and titanium can be detected to such an extent that they can be distinguished from each other.
- the ohmic contact electrode may be arranged to extend from a region in contact with the n-type region to a region in contact with the p-type region.
- the semiconductor device includes a plurality of ohmic contact electrodes, and one of the plurality of ohmic contact electrodes is in contact with the n-type region, and the other ohmic contact electrode is It may be in contact with the p-type region.
- a semiconductor device includes a SiC wafer made of silicon carbide, and an ohmic contact electrode that is disposed in contact with the SiC wafer and contains titanium, aluminum, silicon, and carbon, and the balance is made of inevitable impurities.
- the SiC wafer includes an n-type region whose conductivity type is n-type and a p-type region whose conductivity type is p-type. Each of the n-type region and the p-type region is in contact with the ohmic contact electrode. And the area
- the ohmic contact electrode constituting the semiconductor device according to another aspect of the present invention contains silicon in a region including the surface opposite to the SiC wafer.
- silicon (Si) in the region including the surface opposite to the SiC wafer, the ohmic contact electrode sufficiently suppresses the contact resistance in both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region. It is possible to contact.
- the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the p-type region and the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the n-type region can be formed of the same material, A semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of steps and improving the degree of integration can be provided.
- the region including the surface on the side opposite to the SiC wafer contains silicon refers to the state including the surface on the side opposite to the SiC wafer by performing Auger spectroscopic analysis, for example.
- Noise refers to a state where the presence of silicon can be detected to such an extent that it can be clearly distinguished.
- the silicon content in the ohmic contact electrode may monotonously increase as it approaches the SiC wafer.
- the aluminum content may decrease monotonously as the SiC wafer is approached.
- the titanium content monotonously increases from the surface opposite to the SiC wafer toward the SiC wafer, and shows a maximum value. It may be decreased.
- the ohmic contact electrode may be arranged to extend from a region in contact with the n-type region to a region in contact with the p-type region.
- the semiconductor device includes a plurality of ohmic contact electrodes, and one of the plurality of ohmic contact electrodes is in contact with the n-type region, and the other ohmic contact electrode is It may be in contact with the p-type region.
- a semiconductor device includes an SiC wafer made of silicon carbide, an ohmic contact electrode that is disposed in contact with the SiC wafer, contains titanium, aluminum, silicon, and carbon, and consists of the balance unavoidable impurities. It has.
- the SiC wafer includes an n-type region whose conductivity type is n-type and a p-type region whose conductivity type is p-type. Each of the n-type region and the p-type region is in contact with the ohmic contact electrode.
- the aluminum content decreases monotonously as it approaches the SiC wafer, and the silicon content increases monotonously as it approaches the SiC wafer.
- the aluminum content decreases monotonously as it approaches the SiC wafer, and the silicon content increases monotonously as it approaches the SiC wafer. .
- the ohmic contact electrode can be in contact with both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance.
- the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the p-type region and the ohmic contact electrode in contact with the n-type region can be formed of the same material, and the manufacturing process It is possible to provide a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of steps and improving the degree of integration.
- the titanium content monotonously increases from the surface opposite to the SiC wafer toward the SiC wafer, and shows a maximum value. It may be decreased.
- the ohmic contact electrode may be arranged so as to extend from a region in contact with the n-type region to a region in contact with the p-type region.
- the semiconductor device includes a plurality of ohmic contact electrodes, and one of the plurality of ohmic contact electrodes is in contact with the n-type region, and the other ohmic contact electrode May be in contact with the p-type region.
- the state in which the element content monotonously increases or decreases refers to a region in which the content of the element is constant in the thickness direction of the ohmic contact electrode (for example, a continuous region in which the content is 0). A state that continues to increase or decrease without having.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention by providing an electrode capable of contacting both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance, A semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of steps and improving the degree of integration can be provided.
- MOSFET 1 in the first embodiment is made of silicon carbide (SiC), and is made of n + SiC substrate 11, which is an n-type (first conductivity type) substrate, and SiC.
- N ⁇ SiC layer 12 as a semiconductor layer of n type (first conductivity type), a pair of p bodies 13 as second conductivity type regions of p type (second conductivity type), and conductivity type N + source region 14 as a high-concentration first conductivity type region of n type (first conductivity type) and p + region as a high concentration second conductivity type region of conductivity type p type (second conductivity type) 18.
- the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 in which the p body 13, the n + source region 14 and the p + region 18 are formed, and the n + SiC substrate 11 constitute an SiC wafer 10 made of silicon carbide.
- the n + SiC substrate 11 contains high-concentration n-type impurities (impurities whose conductivity type is n-type), for example, N (nitrogen).
- N ⁇ SiC layer 12 is formed on one main surface 11A of n + SiC substrate 11 with a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m, for example, and has an n-type conductivity by including an n-type impurity.
- the n-type impurity contained in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is N (nitrogen), for example, and is contained at a lower concentration than the n-type impurity contained in the n + SiC substrate 11, for example, 5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3. ing.
- the pair of p bodies 13 includes a second main surface 12B that is a main surface opposite to the first main surface 12A that is the main surface on the n + SiC substrate 11 side in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12.
- the conductivity type is p-type (second conductivity type).
- the p-type impurity contained in the p body 13 is, for example, Al, B (boron) or the like, and is contained at a lower concentration than the n-type impurity contained in the n + SiC substrate 11, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm ⁇ 3. It is.
- N + source region 14 includes second main surface 12 ⁇ / b > B and is formed inside each of the pair of p bodies 13 so as to be surrounded by p body 13.
- the n + source region 14 contains an n-type impurity such as P (phosphorus) at a higher concentration than the n-type impurity contained in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12, for example, a concentration of 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 .
- p + region 18 when viewed from n + source region 14 formed in the interior of one of the p body 13 of the pair of p bodies 13, the n + source region 14 formed within the other p body 13 Is formed so as to include the second main surface 12B on the opposite side.
- the p + region 18 contains p-type impurities such as Al and B at a higher concentration than the p-type impurities contained in the p body 13, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 .
- MOSFET 1 includes a gate oxide film 15 as a gate insulating film, a gate electrode 17, a pair of source contact electrodes 16, a source wiring 19, a drain electrode 20, and a passivation film 21. It has.
- a gate oxide film 15 is in contact with second main surface 12B, n so as to extend from the upper surface of one n + source region 14 to the top surface of the other n + source regions 14 - SiC layer 12 It is formed on second main surface 12B and is made of, for example, silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
- Gate electrode 17 is arranged in contact with gate oxide film 15 so as to extend from one n + source region 14 to the other n + source region 14.
- the gate electrode 17 is made of a conductor such as polysilicon or Al.
- Source contact electrode 16 extends from each of the pair of n + source regions 14 to p + region 18 in a direction away from gate oxide film 15 and is in contact with second main surface 12B. ing.
- the source contact electrode 16 contains titanium (Ti), aluminum (Al), silicon (Si), and carbon (C), and the balance is inevitable.
- the inevitable impurities include oxygen (O) inevitably mixed in the manufacturing process.
- Source contact electrode 16 contains aluminum and titanium in a region including the interface with n ⁇ SiC layer 12 in which source region 14 and p + region 18 are formed.
- the source wiring 19 is formed in contact with the source contact electrode 16 and is made of a conductor such as Al.
- the source wiring 19 is electrically connected to the n + source region 14 through the source contact electrode 16.
- the source wiring 19 and the source contact electrode 16 constitute a source electrode 22.
- the drain electrode 20 is formed in contact with the other main surface 11B which is the main surface opposite to the one main surface 11A which is the main surface on the side where the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is formed in the n + SiC substrate 11.
- the drain electrode 20 may have a configuration similar to that of the source contact electrode 16, for example, or may be made of another material capable of ohmic contact with the n + SiC substrate 11, such as Ni. Thereby, the drain electrode 20 is electrically connected to the n + SiC substrate 11.
- the passivation film 21 is formed so as to extend from the one source wiring 19 to the gate electrode 17 and to the other source wiring 19.
- the passivation film 21 is made of, for example, SiO 2 and has a function of electrically insulating the source wiring 19 and the gate electrode 17 from the outside and protecting the MOSFET 1.
- MOSFET 1 in the present embodiment is arranged in contact with SiC wafer 10 and source contact electrode as an ohmic contact electrode that is arranged in contact with SiC wafer 10 and contains Ti, Al, Si, and C, and the balance is inevitable impurities.
- SiC wafer 10 includes an n + source region 14 having a conductivity type of n type and a p + region 18 having a conductivity type of p type. Each of the n + source region 14 and the p + region 18 is in contact with the source contact electrode 16.
- Source contact electrode 16 contains Al and Ti in a region including the interface with SiC wafer 10. Further, the source contact electrode 16 is arranged so as to extend from a region in contact with the n + source region 14 to a region in contact with the p + region 18.
- Ni is often used as the material of the electrode that contacts the n-type SiC region.
- a structure in which an electrode made of Ni is in contact with both a p-type SiC region and an n-type SiC region is employed. This is because, in a DMOS type vertical MOSFET, an electrode that contacts both the p-type region and the n-type region is required, and the electrode made of Ni is about 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 in both the p-type SiC region. This is because the contact can be made with a contact resistivity of.
- the contact resistivity of 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 is a numerical value that can be used as an ohmic contact electrode
- the electrode made of Ti / Al is in contact with the p-type SiC region at about 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2. Considering that contact is possible with resistivity, it cannot be said to be sufficiently low.
- the contact resistance with the p-type SiC region is sufficiently suppressed, but the contact resistivity with the n-type SiC region is about 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 .
- the contact resistivity of 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 is a numerical value that can be used as an ohmic contact electrode
- the electrode made of Ni contacts the n-type SiC region with a contact resistivity of about 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2. Considering that it is possible, it cannot be said that the contact resistance between the electrode made of Ti / Al and the n-type SiC region is sufficiently low.
- Source contact electrode 16 constituting MOSFET 1 in the present embodiment contains Ti, Al, Si and C, and is composed of the remaining inevitable impurities, and n + source region 14 and p + region 18 formed on SiC wafer 10. Al and Ti are contained in a region including the interface between the two. As a result, the source contact electrode 16 can come into contact with both the n + source region 14 and the p + region 18 while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance.
- the source contact electrode 16 is arranged so as to extend from a region in contact with the n + source region 14 to a region in contact with the p + region 18.
- MOSFET 1 in the present embodiment is a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of manufacturing steps and improving the degree of integration.
- n + source region 14 and p body 13 must be held at the same potential. Therefore, the source contact electrode 16 is required to be electrically connected to both the n + source region 14 and the p body 13 while reducing the contact resistance. Further, in MOSFET 1, it is necessary to electrically connect n + source region 14 and source contact electrode 16 while suppressing contact resistance in order to reduce on-resistance. In order to reduce the number of manufacturing steps and increase the degree of integration while meeting these requirements, the region that contacts the n + source region 14 and the region that contacts the p body 13 are reduced while reducing the contact resistance. A source contact electrode 16 extending up to is required.
- MOSFET 1 is a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of manufacturing steps and improving the degree of integration while achieving high efficiency.
- MOSFET 1 in a state where a voltage equal to or lower than a threshold value is applied to gate electrode 17, that is, in an off state, a reverse bias is applied between p body 13 and n ⁇ SiC layer 12 located immediately below gate oxide film 15. It becomes a non-conductive state.
- a positive voltage is applied to gate electrode 17
- an inversion layer is formed in channel region 13 ⁇ / b> A in the vicinity of contact with gate oxide film 15 of p body 13.
- n + source region 14 and n ⁇ SiC layer 12 are electrically connected, and a current flows between source electrode 22 and drain electrode 20.
- a substrate preparation step is performed as a step (S10).
- a first conductivity type SiC substrate is prepared.
- an n + SiC substrate 11 made of, for example, hexagonal SiC and having an n-type conductivity by including an n-type impurity is prepared.
- an n-type layer forming step is performed as a step (S20).
- a first conductivity type semiconductor layer is formed on n + SiC substrate 11.
- n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is formed on one main surface 11A of n + SiC substrate 11 by epitaxial growth.
- Epitaxial growth can be performed, for example, by using a mixed gas of SiH 4 (silane) and C 3 H 8 (propane) as a source gas.
- N is introduced as an n-type impurity.
- the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 containing an n-type impurity having a lower concentration than the n-type impurity contained in the n + SiC substrate 11 can be formed.
- a p body forming step is performed as a step (S30).
- this step (S30) referring to FIG. 5, in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12, the second main surface that is the main surface opposite to the first main surface 12A that is the main surface on the n + SiC substrate 11 side.
- a second conductivity type second conductivity type region is formed to include main surface 12B.
- an oxide film made of SiO 2 is formed on second main surface 12B by, for example, CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition). Then, after a resist is applied on the oxide film, exposure and development are performed to form a resist film having an opening in a region corresponding to the shape of p body 13 as a desired second conductivity type region.
- the oxide film is partially removed by, for example, RIE (Reactive Ion Etching), so that the oxide film having an opening pattern on the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is removed.
- a mask layer is formed.
- a p-type impurity such as Al is ion-implanted into the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 using the mask layer as a mask, thereby forming a p body 13 in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12. Is done.
- an n + region forming step is performed as a step (S40).
- a high concentration first conductivity type region containing a first conductivity type impurity having a concentration higher than that of n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is formed in a region including second main surface 12B in p body 13. Is done.
- a desired n + source region is obtained in the same procedure as in step (S30).
- a mask layer having an opening in a region corresponding to the shape of 14 is formed.
- an n-type impurity such as P is introduced into the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 by ion implantation, whereby the n + source region 14 is formed.
- a p + region forming step is performed as a step (S50).
- the n + source region 14 formed in one p body 13 of the pair of p bodies 13 is formed in the other p body 13.
- a high concentration second conductivity type region (p + region 18) is formed on the side opposite to the n + source region 14 so as to include the second main surface 12B.
- a mask layer having an opening in a region corresponding to a desired shape of p + region 18 is formed in the same procedure as in steps (S30) and (S40), and this is used as a mask.
- P + region 18 is formed by introducing p-type impurities such as Al and B into the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 by ion implantation.
- an activation annealing step is performed as a step (S60).
- the ion-implanted n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is heated to about 1700 ° C., for example, in an Ar (argon) atmosphere and held for about 30 minutes, thereby being introduced by the ion implantation.
- Activation annealing which is a heat treatment for activating impurities, is performed.
- a gate insulating film formation process is implemented as process (S70).
- steps (S10) to (S60) are performed, and n + SiC substrate 11 on which n ⁇ SiC layer 12 including a desired ion implantation region is formed is heated. Oxidized. Thermal oxidation can be carried out, for example, by heating to about 1300 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere and holding for about 40 minutes.
- a thermal oxide film 15A (for example, about 50 nm thick) to be a gate oxide film 15 (see FIG. 1) made of silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) is formed on second main surface 12B.
- an ohmic electrode formation step and a drain electrode formation step are performed as steps (S80) and (S90).
- the steps (S80) and (S90) can be performed in this order or in the order of the steps (S90) and (S80). However, as described below, from the viewpoint of reducing the number of steps. It is preferable to carry out simultaneously.
- steps (S80) and (S90) referring to FIG. 3, first, as steps (S81) to (S83), a Ti film forming step, an Al film forming step, and an Si film forming step are performed in this order. .
- FIGS. 6 and 7 first, after applying a resist on thermal oxide film 15A, exposure and development are performed to form source contact electrode 16 (see FIG. 1). A resist film 91 having an opening 91A corresponding to the region is formed. Then, using the resist film 91 as a mask, the thermal oxide film 15A is partially removed by, for example, RIE, whereby the gate oxide film 15 is formed. Thereafter, a Ti film 51 made of Ti, an Al film 52 made of Al, and a Si film 53 made of Si are formed on the second main surface 12B and the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 of the n + SiC substrate 11 as shown in FIG. Are formed in this order, for example, by sputtering on the opposite main surface.
- Ti film 51, Al film 52, and Si film 53 on the resist film 91 are removed (lifted off) and exposed from the gate oxide film 15 as shown in FIG.
- Ti film 51, Al film 52, and Si film 53 remain on second main surface 12B and on the main surface of n + SiC substrate 11 opposite to n ⁇ SiC layer 12.
- the step (S81) it is preferable to form a Ti film 51 having a thickness of 100 to 400 mm. Thereby, an ohmic contact electrode having a low resistance can be stably formed.
- the step (S82) it is preferable to form an Al film 52 having a thickness not less than 1.5 times and not more than 6 times the thickness of the Ti film 51 formed in the step (S51). Thereby, it is possible to manufacture the source contact electrode 16 in which the contact resistance with the n + source region 14 and the p body 13 is further reduced.
- an alloying process is implemented as process (S84). Specifically, referring to FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, heating is performed at a temperature of 550 ° C. to 1200 ° C., preferably 900 ° C. to 1100 ° C., for example, 1000 ° C. in an inert gas atmosphere such as Ar. The heat treatment is performed for 10 minutes or less, for example, for 2 minutes. Thereby, Ti, Al, Si contained in the Ti film 51, the Al film 52, and the Si film 53, and Si, C contained in the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 or the n + SiC substrate 11 are alloyed. As a result, as shown in FIG.
- each of the pair of n + source regions 14 extends from the gate oxide film 15 to the p + region 18 in a direction away from the gate oxide film 15 and contacts the second main surface 12B. And the other main surface which is the main surface opposite to the one main surface 11A which is the main surface on the side where the n ⁇ SiC layer 12 is formed in the n + SiC substrate 11.
- a drain electrode 20 disposed in contact with 11B is formed.
- the n + SiC substrate 11 is preferably heated in a mixed gas of an inert gas, particularly Ar or / and N 2 and hydrogen.
- source contact electrode 16 in which the contact resistance with n + source region 14 and p body 13 (p + region 18) is more reliably reduced while suppressing the manufacturing cost.
- the steps (S80) and (S90) are completed by the above procedure.
- a gate electrode formation process is implemented as process (S100).
- S100 for example poly-silicon is a conductor
- a gate electrode 17 made of Al is extended from the top one n + source region 14 to above the other n + source regions 14
- the gate oxide film 15 is formed in contact with the gate oxide film 15.
- the polysilicon can be contained at a high concentration of P exceeding 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 .
- a source wiring forming step is performed as a step (S110).
- the source wiring 19 (see FIG. 1) made of Al as a conductor is formed on the upper surface of the source contact electrode 16, for example, by vapor deposition.
- the source electrode 22 (see FIG. 1) is completed by the above-described step (S80) and this step (S110).
- a passivation film forming step is performed as a step (S120).
- this passivation film made of, for example, SiO 2 so as to extend from one source line 19 to gate electrode 17 and to the other source line 19 is formed. 21 is formed.
- This passivation film 21 can be formed by, for example, a CVD method.
- the source contact electrode 16 that can be in contact with both the p + region 18 and the n + source region 14 while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance is brought into contact with the n-type region.
- the drain electrode 20 made of the same material as that of the source contact electrode 16 can be formed at the same time as extending from the region to the region in contact with the p-type region. As a result, it is possible to reduce the number of steps in the manufacturing process of the MOSFET 1 and improve the integration degree of the MOSFET 1.
- MOSFET 1 as a semiconductor device in the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as MOSFET 1 in the first embodiment, and has the same effects.
- the MOSFET 1 in the second embodiment has characteristics different from those in the first embodiment as follows.
- source contact electrode 16 constituting MOSFET 1 in the second embodiment contains Ti, Al, Si, and C, and is composed of the remaining inevitable impurities, on the side opposite to SiC wafer 10.
- the region including the surface contains Si.
- Si silicon
- the source contact electrode 16 has sufficient contact resistance with both the p + region 18 and the n + source region 14. It is possible to contact while suppressing.
- the source contact electrode 16 is arranged so as to extend from a region in contact with the n + source region 14 to a region in contact with the p + region 18.
- MOSFET 1 in the present embodiment is a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of manufacturing steps and improving the degree of integration.
- the Si content monotonously increases as it approaches SiC wafer 10 in source contact electrode 16.
- Si exists in the whole area in the thickness direction of the source contact electrode 16 which is an ohmic contact electrode, and the Si content becomes higher as it approaches the SiC wafer 10 containing Si.
- the contact resistance between source contact electrode 16 and p + region 18 and n + source region 14 can be more reliably reduced.
- MOSFET 1 of the present embodiment it is preferable that the content of Al monotonously decreases as it approaches SiC wafer 10 in source contact electrode 16. Thereby, it becomes possible to Al to the region including the interface between the source contact electrode 16 and p + region 18 and n + source region 14 is present, the source contact electrode 16 and p + region 18 and n + source regions 14 Contact resistance can be reduced more reliably.
- MOSFET 1 of the present embodiment after the Ti content in source contact electrode 16 monotonously increases from the surface opposite to SiC wafer 10 toward SiC wafer 10 and exhibits the maximum value. It is preferable that it decreases monotonously. Since Ti is distributed in the source contact electrode 16 and exists in the entire region in the thickness direction, the contact resistance between the source contact electrode 16 and the p + region 18 and the n + source region 14 can be more reliably reduced. it can.
- the MOSFET 1 in the second embodiment can be manufactured by the same manufacturing method as the MOSFET 1 in the first embodiment.
- MOSFET 1 as a semiconductor device in the third embodiment basically has the same configuration as MOSFET 1 in the first embodiment, and has the same effects.
- the MOSFET 1 in the third embodiment has characteristics different from those in the first embodiment as follows.
- source contact electrode 16 constituting MOSFET 1 in the third embodiment contains Ti, Al, Si, and C, and the balance is made of inevitable impurities, and the content of Al is SiC wafer 10.
- the content of Si decreases monotonically as it approaches the distance, and the content of Si increases monotonically as it approaches the SiC wafer 10. Since Al and Si are distributed in this way and exist in the entire region in the thickness direction, the source contact electrode 16 can be in contact with both the p + region 18 and the n + source region 14 while sufficiently suppressing contact resistance. It has become.
- the source contact electrode 16 is arranged so as to extend from a region in contact with the n + source region 14 to a region in contact with the p + region 18.
- MOSFET 1 in the present embodiment is a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of manufacturing steps and improving the degree of integration.
- Ti content in source contact electrode 16 monotonously increases from the surface opposite to SiC wafer 10 toward SiC wafer 10. After showing the maximum value, it is preferable to decrease monotonously. Since Ti is distributed in the source contact electrode 16 and exists in the entire region in the thickness direction, the contact resistance between the source contact electrode 16 and the p + region 18 and the n + source region 14 can be more reliably reduced. it can.
- MOSFET 1 in the third embodiment can be manufactured by the same manufacturing method as MOSFET 1 in the first embodiment.
- the features of the source contact electrode 16 described in the first to third embodiments may be simultaneously achieved by arbitrarily combining two or more features.
- JFET 3 which is a junction field effect transistor (JFET) as a semiconductor device according to the fourth embodiment includes MOSFET 1 in the first to third embodiments in the configuration of the ohmic contact electrode. It has the same configuration and produces the same effect.
- the JFET 3 is made of SiC and has an n-type substrate 31 of conductivity type, a first p-type layer 32 formed on the n-type substrate 31, and a first p-type layer 32.
- An n-type layer 33 formed thereon and a second p-type layer 34 formed on the n-type layer 33 are provided.
- n-type substrate 31, p-type layer 32, n-type layer 33 and second p-type layer 34 constitute SiC wafer 30 made of silicon carbide.
- the p-type layer and the n-type layer are layers made of SiC whose conductivity types are p-type and n-type, respectively.
- the first p-type layer 32 has a thickness of about 10 ⁇ m, for example, and a p-type impurity concentration of about 7.5 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 3
- the n-type layer 33 has a thickness of about 0.45 ⁇ m, for example, with an n-type impurity concentration approximately 2 ⁇ 10 17 cm -3
- a second p-type layer 34 may be, for example, thickness 0.25 ⁇ m approximately, the concentration of approximately 2 ⁇ 10 17 cm -3 of p-type impurity.
- the second p-type layer 34 and the n-type layer 33 contain an impurity (n-type impurity) whose conductivity type is higher than that of the n-type layer 33 (for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 20 cm ⁇ 3 ).
- the first n-type region 35 and the second n-type region 37 are formed, and the first p-type layer 32 and the n-type region 35 are sandwiched between the first n-type region 35 and the second n-type region 37.
- a first p-type region 36 containing an impurity (p-type impurity) having a higher conductivity type than the second p-type layer 34 (p-type impurity) is formed (for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 ). .
- the first n-type region 35, the first p-type region 36, and the second n-type region 37 are formed so as to penetrate the second p-type layer 34 and reach the n-type layer 33, respectively. Yes.
- the bottoms of the first n-type region 35, the first p-type region 36, and the second n-type region 37 are the upper surface of the first p-type layer 32 (the first p-type layer 32 and the n-type region). It is arranged at a distance from the boundary portion with the layer 33.
- the upper surface 34A of the second p-type layer 34 (the main surface on the side opposite to the n-type layer 33 side).
- a groove 71 is formed so as to penetrate the second p-type layer 34 from the surface to the n-type layer 33. That is, the bottom wall 71 ⁇ / b> A of the groove portion 71 is located inside the n-type layer 33 at a distance from the interface between the first p-type layer 32 and the n-type layer 33.
- a second p-type region 43 containing a type impurity (for example, about 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 ) is formed.
- the bottom of the second p-type region 43 is arranged at a distance from the upper surface of the n-type substrate 31 (the boundary between the n-type substrate 31 and the first p-type layer 32).
- the source contact electrode as an ohmic contact electrode is in contact with the upper surfaces of the first n-type region 35, the first p-type region 36, the second n-type region 37, and the second p-type region 43.
- 39, a gate contact electrode 41, a drain contact electrode 42, and a potential holding contact electrode 44 are formed.
- the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, the drain contact electrode 42, and the potential holding contact electrode 44 have the same characteristics as the source contact electrode 16 in the first to third embodiments.
- An oxide film 38 is formed between the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, the drain contact electrode 42, and the potential holding contact electrode 44, which are ohmic contact electrodes, and another adjacent ohmic contact electrode. More specifically, an oxide film 38 as an insulating film is formed on the upper surface 34A of the second p-type layer 34, the bottom wall 71A and the side wall 71B of the groove 71, and the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, and the drain contact. It is formed so as to cover the entire region other than the region where the electrode 42 and the potential holding contact electrode 44 are formed. Thereby, the adjacent ohmic contact electrodes are insulated from each other.
- a source wiring 45, a gate wiring 46, and a drain wiring 47 are formed so as to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, and the drain contact electrode 42, and are electrically connected to each ohmic contact electrode.
- the source wiring 45 is in contact with the upper surface of the potential holding contact electrode 44 and is also electrically connected to the potential holding contact electrode 44. That is, the source wiring 45 is formed so as to extend from the upper surface of the source contact electrode 39 to the upper surface of the potential holding contact electrode 44, whereby the potential holding contact electrode 44 is formed as the source contact electrode 44. 39 and the same potential.
- the source wiring 45, the gate wiring 46 and the drain wiring 47 are made of a conductor such as Al.
- the source contact electrode 39 and the source wiring 45 constitute a source electrode 61
- the gate contact electrode 41 and the gate wiring 46 constitute a gate electrode 62
- the drain contact electrode 42 and the drain wiring 47 constitute a drain electrode 63.
- a passivation film 64 is formed so as to cover the upper surfaces of the source electrode 61, the gate electrode 62, the drain electrode 63 and the oxide film 38.
- the passivation film 64 is made of, for example, SiO 2 and has a function of electrically insulating the source electrode 61, the gate electrode 62, and the drain electrode 63 from the outside and protecting the JFET 3.
- JFET 3 in the present embodiment is arranged in contact with SiC wafer 30 and source contact electrode as an ohmic contact electrode that is disposed in contact with SiC wafer 30 and contains Ti, Al, Si, and C, and the balance is unavoidable impurities.
- 39 a gate contact electrode 41, a drain contact electrode 42, and a potential holding contact electrode 44.
- the SiC wafer 30 includes a first n-type region 35 and a second n-type region 37 whose conductivity type is n-type, and a first p-type region 36 and a second p-type region whose conductivity type is p-type. 43.
- the source contact electrode 39 and the drain contact electrode 42 are in contact with the first n-type region 35 and the second n-type region 37, respectively, and the gate contact electrode 41 and the potential holding contact.
- the electrodes 44 are in contact with the first p-type region 36 and the second p-type region 43, respectively.
- the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, the drain contact electrode 42, and the potential holding contact electrode 44 have the same characteristics as the source contact electrode 16 in the first to third embodiments.
- source contact electrode 39 and drain contact electrode 42 having characteristics similar to those of source contact electrode 16 in the first to third embodiments are provided as first n-type region 35 as an n-type region, respectively.
- the gate contact electrode 41 that is in contact with the second n-type region 37 and made of the same material as the source contact electrode 39 and the drain contact electrode 42 is connected to the first p-type region 36 and the second p-type region as p-type regions. It is disposed in contact with the mold region 43.
- the JFET 3 is a semiconductor device capable of reducing the number of steps in the manufacturing process and improving the degree of integration.
- Ni is used as the material for forming 42
- Ti / Al is used as the material for forming the gate contact electrode 41 disposed in contact with the first p-type region 36.
- the following problems occur. That is, in the method of manufacturing JFET 3 adopting the above configuration, after forming a mask for forming source contact electrode 39 and drain contact electrode 42, these electrodes are formed by vapor deposition or the like. Then, after removing the mask, it is necessary to form a mask for forming the gate contact electrode 41, and to form this electrode by vapor deposition or the like.
- the number of steps increases and an improvement in the degree of integration is hindered due to an alignment error in mask formation twice.
- the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, and the drain contact electrode 42 can be formed of the same material. Can be formed.
- the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced and the degree of integration can be improved.
- JFET 3 in the state where the voltage of gate electrode 62 is 0 V, in n-type layer 33, the region sandwiched between first p-type region 36 and second n-type region 37 and the sandwiched portion A region sandwiched between the region and the first p-type layer 32 (drift region) and a region sandwiched between the first p-type region 36 and the first p-type layer 32 (channel region) are depleted.
- the first n-type region 35 and the second n-type region 37 are electrically connected via the n-type layer 33. Therefore, a current flows as electrons move from the first n-type region 35 toward the second n-type region 37.
- a substrate preparation step is first performed as a step (S210). Specifically, in step (S210), as shown in FIG. 12, an n-type substrate 31 made of SiC containing high-concentration n-type impurities is prepared. Next, an epitaxial growth process is implemented as process (S220). Specifically, first p-type layer 32, n-type layer 33, and second p-type layer 34 made of SiC, for example, are sequentially formed on one main surface of n-type substrate 31 by vapor phase epitaxial growth. .
- silane (SiH 4 ) gas and propane (C 3 H 8 ) gas can be used as a material gas
- hydrogen (H 2 ) gas can be used as a carrier gas.
- a p-type impurity source for forming a p-type layer for example, diborane (B 2 H 6 ) or trimethylaluminum (TMA) is used, and as an n-type impurity for forming an n-type layer, for example, nitrogen ( N 2 ) can be employed.
- the first p-type layer 32 and the second p-type layer 34 containing p-type impurities such as Al and B, and the n-type layer 33 containing n-type impurities such as N are formed.
- a groove part formation process is implemented as process (S230). Specifically, in the step (S230), as shown in FIG. 13, the upper surface 34A of the second p-type layer 34 penetrates the second p-type layer 34 and reaches the n-type layer 33. A groove 71 is formed.
- the groove 71 is formed by, for example, forming a mask layer having an opening at a desired position for forming the groove 71 on the upper surface 34A of the second p-type layer 34 and then performing dry etching using SF 6 gas. Can do.
- an ion implantation process is implemented as process (S240).
- step (S240) referring to FIGS. 13 and 14, first, the upper surface 34A of second p-type layer 34 and the bottom wall of groove 71 are made of SiO 2 by, for example, CVD. An oxide film is formed. Then, after a resist is applied on the oxide film, exposure and development are performed, and a resist film having openings in regions corresponding to the shapes of desired first n-type region 35 and second n-type region 37 Is formed.
- the oxide film is partially removed by, for example, RIE, so that a mask layer made of an oxide film having an opening pattern on the upper surface 34A of the second p-type layer 34 is formed. It is formed.
- ion implantation is performed on the n-type layer 33 and the second p-type layer 34 using the mask layer as a mask.
- the ion species to be implanted can be, for example, P or N. As a result, a first n-type region 35 and a second n-type region 37 that pass through the second p-type layer 34 and reach the n-type layer 33 are formed.
- the upper surface 34A and the groove portion of the second p-type layer 34 are obtained by the same procedure.
- a mask layer having openings in regions corresponding to the shapes of desired first p-type region 36 and second p-type region 43 is formed.
- ion implantation is performed on the first p-type layer 32, the n-type layer 33, and the second p-type layer 34 using this mask layer as a mask.
- the ion species to be implanted can be, for example, Al, B, or the like.
- an activation annealing step is performed as a step (S250).
- the n-type substrate 31 having the first p-type layer 32, the n-type layer 33, and the second p-type layer 34 for which the ion implantation has been completed is made of, for example, a non-volatile material such as argon.
- Activation annealing is performed by heating to 1700 ° C. in an active gas atmosphere and holding for 30 minutes.
- impurities such as P and Al introduced in the step (S240) are activated and can function as n-type impurities or p-type impurities.
- an oxide film forming step is performed as a step (S260).
- the second p-type is performed by performing a thermal oxidation process of heating to, for example, about 1300 ° C. in an oxygen atmosphere and holding for about 90 minutes.
- An oxide film 38 (field oxide film) is formed as an insulating film covering the upper surface 34A of the layer 34 and the bottom wall 71A and the side wall 71B of the groove 71.
- the thickness of the oxide film 38 is, for example, about 0.1 ⁇ m.
- an ohmic electrode forming step is performed as a step (S270).
- This step (S270) can be performed in the same manner as the step (S80) in the first embodiment.
- a resist is applied onto oxide film 38, exposure and development are performed, and source contact electrode 39, gate contact electrode 41, drain contact electrode 42 and potential holding are performed.
- a resist film 91 having an opening 91A corresponding to a region where the contact electrode 44 (see FIG. 10) is to be formed is formed.
- the oxide film 38 is partially removed by, for example, RIE.
- the Ti film 51 made of Ti, the Al film 52 made of Al, and the Si film 53 made of Si are formed on the resist film 91 and the resist. It is formed in a region exposed from the film 91. Further, by removing the resist film 91, the Ti film 51, the Al film 52, and the Si film 53 on the resist film 91 are removed (lifted off), and the first n-type region 35 and the first p-type region are removed. 36, the Ti film 51, the Al film 52, and the Si film 53 remain so as to be in contact with the second n-type region 37 and the second p-type region 43.
- step (S84) alloying is performed in the same manner as in step (S84) in the first embodiment.
- the temperature is 550 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or higher and 1100 ° C. or lower, for example, 1000 ° C.
- An alloying process is performed in which the time is kept for a period of less than a minute, for example, 2 minutes.
- Ti, Al, Si contained in the Ti film 51, Al film 52, and Si film 53, and Si, C contained in the n-type layer 33 or the second p-type layer 34 are alloyed.
- FIG. 17 in an inert gas atmosphere such as Ar
- the temperature is 550 ° C. or higher and 1200 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or higher and 1100 ° C. or lower, for example, 1000 ° C.
- An alloying process is performed in which the time is kept for a period of less than a minute, for example, 2 minutes.
- a source contact electrode 39, a gate contact electrode 41, a drain contact electrode 42, and a potential holding contact electrode 44 are formed as ohmic contact electrodes.
- the heating is preferably carried out in a mixed gas of an inert gas, particularly Ar or / and N 2 and hydrogen.
- a wiring formation step is performed as a step (S280). Specifically, in step (S280), referring to FIG. 10, source wiring 45, gate wiring 46, and drain wiring 47 that are in contact with the upper surfaces of source contact electrode 39, gate contact electrode 41, and drain contact electrode 42, respectively. Is formed.
- a resist layer having an opening is formed in a desired region where the source wiring 45, the gate wiring 46 and the drain wiring 47 are to be formed. At the same time, it can be formed by removing Al on the resist layer (lift-off).
- a passivation film formation process is implemented as process (S290). Specifically, in the step (S290), a passivation film 64 made of, for example, SiO 2 is formed so as to cover the upper surfaces of the source electrode 61, the gate electrode 62, the drain electrode 63, and the oxide film 38. The formation of the passivation film 64 can be performed by, for example, CVD.
- the JFET 3 in the present embodiment is completed.
- the source contact electrode 39, the gate contact electrode 41, and the drain contact electrode 42 can be formed of the same material, a single mask is used. These electrodes can be formed simultaneously by forming. As a result, according to the method for manufacturing JFET 3 in the present embodiment, the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced and the degree of integration can be improved.
- the MOSFET and the JFET have been described as an example of the semiconductor device of the present invention.
- the semiconductor device of the present invention is not limited to this, and an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor),
- the present invention can also be applied to other semiconductor devices such as bipolar transistors.
- Example 1 Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below.
- an SiC substrate is prepared, and an n-type SiC region containing P as an n-type impurity at a concentration of 6 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 and 5 ⁇ 10 19 Al as a p-type impurity by ion implantation.
- a p-type SiC region containing a concentration of cm ⁇ 3 was formed.
- an ohmic contact electrode was formed by the same method as in the first embodiment so as to be in contact with the n-type SiC region and the p-type SiC region, and the contact resistivity was measured (Example).
- the electrode of Comparative Example A made of Ni can contact the n-type SiC region with a low contact resistivity of 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 , but is in contact with the p-type SiC region.
- the resistivity is 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 , which is not sufficiently low.
- the electrode of Comparative Example B made of Ti / Al can contact the p-type SiC region with a low contact resistivity of 2 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 , but the contact resistivity with the n-type SiC region is 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 , which is not sufficiently low.
- the electrode of the example having the same configuration as the ohmic contact electrode included in the semiconductor device of the present invention has a contact resistance with the n-type SiC region of 7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 , which is comparable to Ni.
- the contact resistance with the p-type SiC region is 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 which is comparable to Ti / Al. From this, it was confirmed that the ohmic contact electrode included in the semiconductor device of the present invention can sufficiently suppress the contact resistance in both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region.
- Example 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described below.
- the ohmic contact electrode included in the semiconductor device of the present invention an experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of the composition of the ohmic contact electrode on the contact resistance with the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region.
- the experimental procedure is as follows.
- an SiC substrate is prepared, and an n-type SiC region containing P, which is an n-type impurity, at a concentration of 6 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 in the SiC substrate by ion implantation, and a p-type impurity, as in Example 1 above. And a p-type SiC region containing Al at a concentration of 5 ⁇ 10 19 cm ⁇ 3 . And the ohmic contact electrode was formed by the method similar to the said Embodiment 1 so that the said n-type SiC area
- the result of Experiment 1 is shown in FIG. 18, and the result of Experiment 2 is shown in FIG.
- the horizontal axis represents the ratio of the thickness of the Al film to the thickness of the Ti film, and the vertical axis represents the contact resistivity.
- the horizontal axis represents the thickness of the Si film, and the vertical axis represents the contact resistivity.
- circles indicate contact resistance with the n-type SiC region, and square marks indicate contact resistance with the p-type SiC region.
- the contact resistance with the p-type SiC region is about 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ⁇ ⁇ cm 2 or less, and the contact resistance with the n-type SiC region is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ cm. It is preferable to be about 2 or less. Therefore, from the above experimental results, it can be said that in the step of forming the Al film, it is preferable to form an Al film having a thickness of 1.5 to 6 times the thickness of the Ti film. In addition, from the ratio of the thickness in the manufacturing process, it can be said that the ohmic contact electrode preferably contains Al that is 1.58 times or more and 6.33 times or less of Ti in atomic ratio. Moreover, it can be said from FIG. 18 that the thickness of the Al film is more preferably twice or more the thickness of the Ti film in order to more reliably reduce the contact resistance with the p-type SiC region.
- Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below.
- An experiment was conducted to confirm the formation state of the ohmic contact electrode included in the semiconductor device of the present invention.
- the experimental procedure is as follows.
- the “ohmic contact electrode” is an electrode formed so as to reduce a contact resistance with the SiC layer by forming a metal film on the SiC layer and further performing a heat treatment on the metal film. Means.
- a sample was prepared by forming an ohmic contact electrode on the SiC layer by the same procedure as in steps (S81) to (S84) of the first embodiment.
- the thicknesses of the Ti film, Al film, and Si film formed in steps (S81) to (S83) were 50 mm, 500 mm, and 250 mm, respectively (Example).
- the sample of the above example was cut in a cross section perpendicular to the surface of the ohmic contact electrode, and the cross section was observed with a SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), and a photograph was taken.
- the distribution of elements in the vicinity of the ohmic contact electrode was investigated by performing Auger spectroscopic analysis while performing sputtering in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the ohmic contact electrode in the samples of the above examples and comparative examples.
- the upper side is a region outside the sample range, and the lower side is a semiconductor layer (SiC layer).
- SiC layer semiconductor layer
- regions having different brightness between these regions are ohmic contact electrodes. is there.
- the horizontal axis represents the sputtering time and represents the depth from the surface of the ohmic contact electrode, and the vertical axis represents the correction signal intensity.
- the correction signal intensity is a value corresponding to the atomic concentration of each element obtained by correcting the signal intensity of each element obtained in Auger spectroscopic analysis with a correction coefficient.
- the correction signal intensity is calculated by dividing the signal intensity of each element obtained in Auger spectroscopic analysis by the sensitivity coefficient determined for each element, and the sum of the values obtained for each element is 1. It can calculate by adjusting so that it may become.
- an element relative sensitivity coefficient (ERSF), an average matrix relative sensitivity coefficient (AMRSF), etc. can also be used as a sensitivity coefficient
- the atomic relative sensitivity coefficient (ARSF) was employ
- the correction signal intensity obtained is not necessarily accurate in comparison of the amount between elements or in the absolute amount of the element, but accurately indicates the increase / decrease tendency of each element and the presence / absence of the element.
- the sputtering rate is about 2.5 nm / min in terms of SiO 2 .
- an ohmic contact electrode having a substantially uniform thickness is formed on the SiC layer of the sample.
- the viewpoint is shifted from the SiC layer side to the surface side (ohmic contact electrode side), and from the position where the alloy layer made of metal or the like first appears to the surface, the ohmic contact electrode It is.
- a straight line ⁇ along the Si distribution in a region corresponding to SiC that is, a region where the concentration of Si is constant, and an electrode in the region.
- a straight line ⁇ is drawn along a region adjacent to the side (surface side) and decreasing as the Si concentration approaches the surface, and the surface side is an ohmic contact electrode from the intersection of the straight line ⁇ and the straight line ⁇ . That is, the line segment ⁇ is the interface between the SiC layer and the ohmic contact electrode.
- the ohmic contact electrode of the said Example and comparative example has the following characteristics. That is, the electrode of the example contains Al and Ti in a region including the interface with the SiC layer. On the other hand, although the electrode of the comparative example contains Ti in the region including the interface with the SiC layer, it does not contain Al.
- Si is included in the region including the surface opposite to the SiC layer of the electrode of the example.
- Si is not contained in the region including the surface opposite to the SiC layer of the electrode of the comparative example.
- the Si content monotonously increases as the SiC layer is approached.
- Si is not contained in a region having a predetermined thickness from the surface, and it cannot be said that the Si content increases monotonously as the SiC layer is approached.
- the Al content monotonously decreases as the SiC layer is approached.
- the Al content is constant in a predetermined thickness region from the surface, and Al is not included in the predetermined thickness region from the interface with the SiC layer. It cannot be said that the Al content monotonously decreases as the SiC layer is approached.
- the content of Ti monotonously increases from the surface opposite to the SiC layer toward the SiC layer, shows a maximum value, and then monotonously decreases.
- Ti is not contained in a region having a predetermined thickness from the surface, and in this region, the content of Ti monotonously increases toward the SiC layer. I can't say that.
- the ohmic contact electrode of the example can contact both the p-type SiC region and the n-type SiC region while sufficiently suppressing the contact resistance, whereas the ohmic contact of the comparative example It is considered that the contact resistance of the contact electrode with the n-type SiC region is not sufficiently suppressed.
- a wiring made of Al or the like is often formed on the ohmic contact electrode.
- the position where the concentration of the element is discontinuous is indicated at the interface between the wiring and the ohmic contact electrode (on the side opposite to the SiC wafer). Surface).
- the semiconductor device of the present invention can be applied particularly advantageously to a semiconductor device including an electrode disposed in contact with a SiC wafer.
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Abstract
Description
まず、実施の形態1におけるMOSFET(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor;酸化膜電界効果トランジスタ)について説明する。図1を参照して、実施の形態1におけるMOSFET1は、炭化珪素(SiC)からなり、導電型がn型(第1導電型)の基板であるn+SiC基板11と、SiCからなり、導電型がn型(第1導電型)の半導体層としてのn-SiC層12と、導電型がp型(第2導電型)の第2導電型領域としての一対のpボディ13と、導電型がn型(第1導電型)の高濃度第1導電型領域としてのn+ソース領域14と、導電型がp型(第2導電型)の高濃度第2導電型領域としてのp+領域18とを備えている。pボディ13、n+ソース領域14およびp+領域18が形成されたn-SiC層12と、n+SiC基板11とは、炭化珪素からなるSiCウェハ10を構成する。n+SiC基板11は、高濃度のn型不純物(導電型がn型である不純物)、たとえばN(窒素)を含んでいる。
次に、本発明の他の実施の形態である実施の形態2について説明する。実施の形態2における半導体装置としてのMOSFET1は、基本的には上記実施の形態1におけるMOSFET1と同様の構成を有し、同様の効果を奏する。そして、実施の形態2におけるMOSFET1は、以下のような実施の形態1の場合とは異なる特徴を有している。
次に、本発明のさらに他の実施の形態である実施の形態3について説明する。実施の形態3における半導体装置としてのMOSFET1は、基本的には上記実施の形態1におけるMOSFET1と同様の構成を有し、同様の効果を奏する。そして、実施の形態3におけるMOSFET1は、以下のような実施の形態1の場合とは異なる特徴を有している。
次に、本発明のさらに他の実施の形態である実施の形態4について説明する。図10を参照して、実施の形態4における半導体装置としての接合型電界効果トランジスタ(Junction Field Effect Transistor;JFET)であるJFET3は、オーミックコンタクト電極の構成において、上記実施の形態1~3におけるMOSFET1と同様の構成を有し、同様の効果を奏する。具体的には、JFET3は、SiCからなり、導電型がn型であるn型基板31と、n型基板31上に形成された第1のp型層32と、第1のp型層32上に形成されたn型層33と、n型層33上に形成された第2のp型層34とを備えている。また、n型基板31、p型層32、n型層33および第2のp型層34は、炭化珪素からなるSiCウェハ30を構成する。ここで、p型層およびn型層は、それぞれ導電型がp型およびn型であるSiCからなる層である。また、第1のp型層32は、たとえば厚み10μm程度、p型不純物の濃度7.5×1015cm-3程度、n型層33は、たとえば厚み0.45μm程度、n型不純物の濃度2×1017cm-3程度、第2のp型層34は、たとえば厚み0.25μm程度、p型不純物の濃度2×1017cm-3程度とすることができる。
以下、本発明の実施例1について説明する。SiC層との接触抵抗を、本発明の半導体装置に含まれるオーミックコンタクト電極(実施例)と、本発明の範囲外の従来のオーミックコンタクト電極であるNi電極(比較例A)およびTi/Al電極(比較例B)とについて比較する実験を行なった。実験の手順は以下のとおりである。
以下、本発明の実施例2について説明する。本発明の半導体装置に含まれるオーミックコンタクト電極に関して、p型SiC領域およびn型SiC領域との接触抵抗に及ぼすオーミックコンタクト電極の組成の影響を調査する実験を行なった。実験の手順は以下のとおりである。
以下、本発明の実施例3について説明する。本発明の半導体装置に含まれるオーミックコンタクト電極の形成状態を確認する実験を行なった。実験の手順は以下のとおりである。なお、本願において「オーミックコンタクト電極」とは、SiC層上に金属膜を形成し、さらに当該金属膜に対して熱処理を実施することによりSiC層との接触抵抗を低減するように形成される電極を意味する。
Claims (13)
- 炭化珪素からなるSiCウェハ(10,30)と、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に接触して配置され、チタン、アルミニウム、珪素および炭素を含有し、残部不可避的不純物からなるオーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)とを備え、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)は、
導電型がn型であるn型領域(14,35,37)と、
導電型がp型であるp型領域(18,36,43)とを含み、
前記n型領域(14,35,37)および前記p型領域(18,36,43)のそれぞれは、前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)と接触しており、
前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)は、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)との界面を含む領域に、アルミニウムとチタンとを含有している、半導体装置(1,3)。 - 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16)は、前記n型領域(14)に接触する領域から前記p型領域(18)に接触する領域にまで延在するように配置されている、請求の範囲第1項に記載の半導体装置(1)。
- 複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)を備え、
複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)のうち、一の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,42)は前記n型領域(35,37)と接触しており、他の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(41,44)は前記p型領域(36,43)と接触している、請求の範囲第1項に記載の半導体装置(3)。 - 炭化珪素からなるSiCウェハ(10,30)と、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に接触して配置され、チタン、アルミニウム、珪素および炭素を含有し、残部不可避的不純物からなるオーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)とを備え、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)は、
導電型がn型であるn型領域(14,35,37)と、
導電型がp型であるp型領域(18,36,43)とを含み、
前記n型領域(14,35,37)および前記p型領域(18,36,43)のそれぞれは、前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)と接触しており、
前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)の、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)とは反対側の表面を含む領域には珪素が含まれている、半導体装置(1,3)。 - 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)においては、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に近づくに従って珪素の含有量が単調に増加している、請求の範囲第4項に記載の半導体装置(1,3)。
- 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)においては、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に近づくに従ってアルミニウムの含有量が単調に減少している、請求の範囲第4項に記載の半導体装置(1,3)。
- 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)においては、チタンの含有量が、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)とは反対側の表面から前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に向けて単調に増加し、最大値を示した後、単調に減少している、請求の範囲第4項に記載の半導体装置(1,3)。
- 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16)は、前記n型領域(14)に接触する領域から前記p型領域(18)に接触する領域にまで延在するように配置されている、請求の範囲第4項に記載の半導体装置(1)。
- 複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)を備え、
複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)のうち、一の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,42)は前記n型領域(35,37)と接触しており、他の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(41,44)は前記p型領域(36,43)と接触している、請求の範囲第4項に記載の半導体装置(3)。 - 炭化珪素からなるSiCウェハ(10,30)と、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に接触して配置され、チタン、アルミニウム、珪素および炭素を含有し、残部不可避的不純物からなるオーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)とを備え、
前記SiCウェハ(10,30)は、
導電型がn型であるn型領域(14,35,37)と、
導電型がp型であるp型領域(18,36,43)とを含み、
前記n型領域(14,35,37)および前記p型領域(18,36,43)のそれぞれは、前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)と接触しており、
前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)においては、アルミニウムの含有量が前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に近づくに従って単調に減少し、珪素の含有量が前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に近づくに従って単調に増加している、半導体装置(1,3)。 - 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16,39,41,42,44)においては、チタンの含有量が、前記SiCウェハ(10,30)とは反対側の表面から前記SiCウェハ(10,30)に向けて単調に増加し、最大値を示した後、単調に減少している、請求の範囲第10項に記載の半導体装置(1,3)。
- 前記オーミックコンタクト電極(16)は、前記n型領域(14)に接触する領域から前記p型領域(18)に接触する領域にまで延在するように配置されている、請求の範囲第10項に記載の半導体装置(1)。
- 複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)を備え、
複数の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,41,42,44)のうち、一の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(39,42)は前記n型領域(35,37)と接触しており、他の前記オーミックコンタクト電極(41,44)は前記p型領域(36,43)と接触している、請求の範囲第10項に記載の半導体装置(3)。
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WO2014027519A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-20 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 炭化珪素半導体装置の製造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102007596A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
TW201007841A (en) | 2010-02-16 |
EP2280416A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
CA2721668A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
US20110031506A1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
CN102007595A (zh) | 2011-04-06 |
WO2009128382A1 (ja) | 2009-10-22 |
EP2280417A4 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
KR20100134009A (ko) | 2010-12-22 |
US8395163B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
EP2280416A1 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
JPWO2009128419A1 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
TWI445085B (zh) | 2014-07-11 |
EP2280416B1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
JP2014078735A (ja) | 2014-05-01 |
JP5522035B2 (ja) | 2014-06-18 |
JPWO2009128382A1 (ja) | 2011-08-04 |
EP2280417B1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
US8373176B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
JP5741674B2 (ja) | 2015-07-01 |
US20110031507A1 (en) | 2011-02-10 |
KR20100134038A (ko) | 2010-12-22 |
CN102007596B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
CN102007595B (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
TW201007842A (en) | 2010-02-16 |
EP2280417A1 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
CA2721671A1 (en) | 2009-10-22 |
KR101442886B1 (ko) | 2014-09-19 |
JP5477286B2 (ja) | 2014-04-23 |
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