WO2006134915A1 - 水処理装置及び水処理方法 - Google Patents
水処理装置及び水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006134915A1 WO2006134915A1 PCT/JP2006/311833 JP2006311833W WO2006134915A1 WO 2006134915 A1 WO2006134915 A1 WO 2006134915A1 JP 2006311833 W JP2006311833 W JP 2006311833W WO 2006134915 A1 WO2006134915 A1 WO 2006134915A1
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- Prior art keywords
- water
- water treatment
- molded body
- treatment
- ion
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- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MNUKOWCSUUMTRC-UHFFFAOYSA-F zirconium(4+) octachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4].[Zr+4] MNUKOWCSUUMTRC-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
- C02F3/286—Anaerobic digestion processes including two or more steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method for reducing and removing to a concentration.
- an activated sludge method, a biofilm method, a stabilization pond method, and the like are known as methods for treating organic wastewater such as sewage and food factory wastewater.
- all of these methods generate a large amount of excess sludge in the treatment equipment, and thus require sludge treatment equipment such as dehydrators, dryers, and incinerators.
- sludge treatment equipment such as dehydrators, dryers, and incinerators.
- the concentration of phosphorus in the wastewater is regulated along with COD and nitrogen.
- Non-patent document 1 The lysis-latent growth method is a method of dissolving sludge and promoting latent growth.
- Patent Document 1 JP 07-116685 A
- Patent Document 2 JP 11 In addition to the thermophilic bacteria method described in Japanese Patent No.
- inorganic substances that contain almost no organic components such as COD such as wastewater from ceramic factories
- coagulation sedimentation treatment can treat wastewater containing relatively high concentrations of ions to be removed
- advanced treatment is to reduce the concentration of ions to be removed in the treated water to 1 mg / L or less. In such a case, it is necessary to add a large amount of chemicals, and there is a problem that a large amount of sludge is generated.
- the regeneration process is also performed in this case using the regeneration solution.
- a regeneration drainage containing ions to be removed desorbed from the adsorbent is produced, and this is returned to the coagulation precipitation process and processed again.
- treated water fresh water obtained by treating seawater with a reverse osmosis membrane device
- WHO water quality guy ability to have water quality that almost satisfies the drainage value For the only boron, it is difficult to make it less than the WHO recommended value (0.5 ppm).
- Patent Document 6 discloses that seawater is treated in combination with a reverse osmosis membrane device and an ion exchange device using a boron-selective ion exchange resin to obtain a boron concentration. Has been proposed to reduce the value below the WHO recommended value.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-116685
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 235598
- Patent Document 3 JP 2005-46748
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-314798
- Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-276814
- Patent Document 6 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-85743
- Patent Document 7 JP-A-8-89956
- the present invention efficiently treats specific ions or all ions out of ions contained in water such as sewage, food factory effluent, chemical factory effluent, tap water, seawater, river water, lake water, and groundwater.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a water treatment apparatus and a water treatment method capable of reducing and removing to an extremely low concentration.
- the present invention is as follows.
- a water treatment apparatus comprising a means for removing components contained in water and an ion adsorption treatment means using a porous molded body as an adsorbent, wherein the porous molded body comprises a fibril containing an organic polymer resin, and A porous molded body comprising an inorganic ion adsorbent, wherein the fibrils form communication holes that open to the outer surface, the fibrils having voids therein, and at least part of the voids.
- the water treatment device is provided with an inorganic ion adsorbent supported on the outer surface of the fibril and the surface of the void inside the fibril.
- the organic polymer resin comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), polyatyronitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- EVOH ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer
- PAN polyatyronitrile
- PS polysulfone
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- M and N are different from each other, Ti, Zr, Sn, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Al, Si, Cr, Co, Ga, Fe, Mn, It is a metal element selected from a group force such as Ni, V, Ge, Nb, and Ta force. ).
- Metal oxide power represented by the formula (I) The water treatment device according to 4. above, which is one or a mixture of two or more selected from the group of any of the following (a) to (c): :
- the fibril comprises an organic polymer resin, an inorganic ion adsorbent, and a water-soluble polymer.
- the contact material is composed of a core material and a fibrous material partially fixed to the core material, and the fibrous material is densely formed around the core material.
- sludge separation means is a membrane separation device having a precipitation tank and soot or a separation membrane.
- the separation membrane of the membrane separation device is a group consisting of polyacrylonitrile ( ⁇ ), polysulfone (PS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP). 14.
- a membrane cartridge in which the separation membrane is bonded and fixed at both ends of a plurality of hollow fibers arranged in a vertical direction, and the cartridge head is liquid-tightly bonded and fixed to the outer periphery of one end.
- a skirt fixed to the outer periphery of the other end, the cartridge head and the skirt are separated, the hollow fiber end on the cartridge head side opens, and the hollow yarn end on the skirt side.
- the sludge solubilization means is at least one method selected from a mechanical cell disruption method, an ultrasonic method, an ozone method, a hydrothermal oxidation method, a chemical addition method, and a thermophilic bacterium method.
- the water treatment apparatus as described.
- the above-mentioned 19. further comprising means for returning desorption / drainage liquid containing ions to be removed, which are generated when the porous molded body used in the ion adsorption treatment means is regenerated, to the coagulation sedimentation treatment means.
- the water treatment apparatus as described.
- the water treatment apparatus according to any one of 1 to 22 above, further comprising suspended substance removing means for separating and removing suspended substances in water before the ion adsorption treating means.
- ion adsorption treatment means is a plurality of ion adsorption treatment means connected in series and is a merry-go-round system.
- Ion detection that monitors the ion concentration in the treated water in the ion adsorption treatment means in the foremost stage 24.
- the above 1 to 25 comprising a crystallization means for crystallizing desorbed ions from a desorption liquid in contact with the porous molded body used in the ion adsorption treatment means, and a solid-liquid separation means for the crystallized product.
- a water treatment method comprising a step of removing components contained in water and a ion adsorption treatment step using the porous molded article as an adsorbent, wherein the porous molded article comprises an organic polymer resin
- a porous molded body comprising a fibril and an inorganic ion adsorbent, wherein the fibril forms a communicating hole that opens to an outer surface, the fibril has a void inside, and at least a part of the void is The water treatment method as described above, wherein pores are formed on the surface of the fibril, and an inorganic ion adsorbent is supported on the outer surface of the fibril and the surface of the inner space.
- specific ions or all ions of ions contained in water such as sewage, food factory effluent, chemical factory effluent, tap water, seawater, river water, lake water, groundwater, etc. It can be efficiently reduced and removed to a very low concentration at low cost.
- “means for removing components contained in water” means means for removing soluble components such as BOD, COD, and inorganic ions contained in water. Examples include combinations with mud separation means, coagulation sedimentation treatment means, desalination treatment means, and direct purification means.
- biological treatment means is not particularly limited, but standard activated sludge method, standard aeration method, long-time aeration method, oxidation ditch method, batch method, membrane separation activated sludge method.
- Activated sludge method contact oxidation method, sprinkling filter method, submerged filter method, rotating disc method, fluidized bed method, biofiltration method such as biofiltration method, high-speed oxidation pond method, facultative oxidation pond method, etc.
- biofiltration method such as biofiltration method, high-speed oxidation pond method, facultative oxidation pond method, etc.
- aerobic treatments such as the pond method.
- anaerobic nitrification method anaerobic treatment such as lagoon method, septic tank method, anaerobic filter bed method, etc., treatment with specific organisms such as photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, chlorella, biological denitrification
- at least one of treatment of nutrient salts such as biological dephosphorization and treatment utilizing natural purification functions such as lakes, waterways, and soil can be used in combination.
- one or more aeration tanks are sufficient, but the generation of excess sludge is reduced, so two or more tanks are preferable. 6 tanks are preferred from the tank.
- the contact oxidation method is a method in which a contact material, which is a carrier for growing and acclimatizing microorganisms, is immersed in an aeration tank and aerated.
- the contact material is not particularly limited, but examples of the shape include a honeycomb shape, a spiral shape, a hollow shape, a sponge shape, a mesh shape, a rod shape, a linear shape, etc., and a spiral shape because many microorganisms can inhabit and the flow of the aeration tank is improved. Is preferred.
- a contact material comprising a core material and a fibrous material partially fixed to the core material, and the fibrous material is densely formed around the core material.
- the shape of the core material is not limited, but the core material is preferably a contact material having an S-helical shape.
- the core material may be a metal such as soft iron, aluminum, or copper, or a plastic such as soft salt or blue.
- the metal core can be waterproofed or plastic coated to prevent corrosion.
- the diameter of the core varies depending on the material. 1mm or more and 7mm or less Is preferred.
- the material of the fibrous material is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyamide, polybutyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, and the like. It is preferable because of its good adhesion.
- the contact material can be used as a contact material block in which a plurality of contact materials are held on a frame made of a suitable corrosion-resistant material and immersed in an aeration tank.
- the height of the contact material block may be a height suitable for the water depth of the aeration tank, but it is preferably 0.5 m or more and 6 m or less, more preferably 2 m or more and 4 m or less.
- the amount of contact material used is preferably such that the surface area of the contact material per projected floor area lm 2 of the contact material block is 100 m 2 or more and 3000 m 2 or less. If it is 100m 2 or more, the installation area efficiency of the device is good. If it is 3000m 2 or less, the air lift effect by aeration is exhibited and a uniform swirl flow is obtained, and an environment in which microorganisms are easy to grow is obtained. More preferably 2 or less under 250 meters 2 or 350 meters.
- the sludge separation means combined with the biological treatment means is not particularly limited, and a membrane separation apparatus such as a sludge settling tank, a screen, a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane can be used. These can also be used together. Membrane separators are preferable because they can remove even minute amounts of suspended solids (SS), thus preventing clogging of ion adsorption treatment means.
- a membrane separation apparatus such as a sludge settling tank, a screen, a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane.
- the membrane separation activated sludge method using the submerged membrane is more preferable because it has the effect of combining the biological treatment means and the sludge separation means.
- a concentration device such as centrifugal concentration, flotation concentration, evaporation concentration or membrane concentration can be used in combination with the sludge separation means.
- the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus performs biological treatment by introducing raw water into an aeration tank, introduces a biological treatment liquid containing sludge in the aeration tank into a separation membrane immersed in the tank, It is a device that removes permeate as treated water.
- the separation membrane used in the membrane separation activated sludge apparatus of the present invention is not particularly limited, but in terms of excellent balance between filtration accuracy and permeate flow rate, MF (microfiltration) membrane, UF (ultrafiltration) A membrane is preferred.
- the material of the membrane is a polysulfone polymer, a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer, a polyvinylidene chloride polymer, a polyolefin polymer, an acrylonitrile polymer, a polymethyl methacrylate polymer, a polyamide polymer, a polyimide polymer, cellulose There are many types, such as polymers based on ethylene and alcoholic ethylene copolymer.
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- PS polysulfone
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- the form of the membrane is not limited to flat membranes, hollow fibers, pleats, spirals, tubes, and the like, but hollow fibers are particularly preferable in terms of wide membrane area in a unit volume.
- the membrane-separated activated sludge method is clogged and clogged because it filters biological treatment liquid with a high MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solid) concentration. In order to obtain stable permeated water, it is necessary to effectively clean the membrane surface with air.
- MLSS Mated Liquor Suspended Solid
- a membrane cartridge having the following structure is particularly preferable.
- the hollow fiber cartridge 201 includes a large number of hollow fibers 202 and an upper adhesive fixing layer.
- the lower adhesive fixing layer 207 is formed with a plurality of through-holes 203 for introducing raw water and a cleaning gas into the hollow fiber bundle to effectively contact the outer peripheral surface of the hollow fiber.
- the biological treatment liquid in the aeration tank is filtered from the outer surface of the hollow fiber, passes through the hollow part inside the hollow fiber, passes through the treated water outlet 208, and is sent to the ion adsorption treatment means as the next step.
- the material of the adhesive is preferably a polymer material such as an epoxy resin, a urethane resin, an epoxy acrylate resin, or a silicon resin.
- the material of the cartridge head 205 and the skirt 204 is not particularly limited, but a thermoplastic resin or stainless steel is preferable.
- the size of the through hole is preferably in the range of 2 mm to 35 mm in diameter.
- the skirt 204 protrudes downward from the end face of the hollow fiber and is fixed.
- the protruding length is preferably 5 to 500mm, depending on the cartridge diameter and air volume.
- the means for removing components contained in water is a combination of a biological treatment means and a sludge separation means
- the order in which the porous molded body is combined with an ion adsorption treatment means using an adsorbent is as follows.
- the means for removing components contained in water is a combination of a biological treatment means and a sludge separation means, it is preferable to also combine a sludge solubilization means.
- the sludge solubilization means in the present invention refers to all or a part of the sludge mainly composed of microorganisms generated by the biological treatment means or the sludge separation means, a physical, chemical or biological technique, or these. This is a means for destroying the cell walls and constituents of microorganisms or reducing the molecular weight of polymer compounds to make them soluble in water so as to be suitable for biological treatment means again.
- the sludge solubilizing means is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a mechanical cell disruption method, an ultrasonic method, an ozone method, a hydrothermal oxidation method, a drug addition method, and a thermophilic bacterium method.
- the mechanical cell destruction method includes a bead mill method and a high-speed rotating disk method.
- the bead mill method is a method in which sludge is introduced into a mill chamber filled with beads and stirred at high speed, and the sludge is destroyed by shear friction generated between the beads.
- the high-speed rotating disk method is a method in which sludge is passed through the gaps between high-speed rotating disks and the sludge is destroyed by shearing force and grinding between the disks.
- the ultrasonic method is a method in which sludge is introduced into an ultrasonic tank and the sludge is destroyed by pressure waves and cavitation generated by ultrasonic waves, and has the advantage that the power required for destruction is small.
- sludge is introduced into an ozone treatment tank and the sludge is killed using the oxidizing power of ozone.
- This method is suitable for cases where the biological treatment means is the oxidation ditch method or the long-time aeration method.
- Hydrothermal oxidation is a method in which sludge is introduced into a hydrothermal treatment tank and treated under high temperature and high pressure (subcritical conditions) to completely dissolve cells and convert them to low molecular weight compounds.
- the chemical addition method is a method in which chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide and other oxidizing agents, sodium hydroxide and other alkalis, and sulfuric acid and other acids are added to sludge, and in particular heat treatment. Has the advantage of being low.
- thermophilic bacterium method heat solubilization is performed by a thermophilic bacterium such as Bacillus stearothermophilus, and a sludge solubilizing enzyme is generated and secreted from the thermophilic bacterium, and sludge is produced by the enzyme. This is a method in which solubilization of the water is accelerated.
- the thermophilic bacterium method is preferable because the apparatus is simple and no drug is required.
- thermophilic bacteria method a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C is preferred, a sludge concentration of lOOOmg / 1 or more is preferred, a pH of 7 to 9 is preferred, and a HRT (Hydrauli c Retention Time) of 3 to 24 hours is preferred.
- a solid-liquid separation device such as a membrane filtration device can be used in combination.
- the filtration membrane used in the membrane filtration device can be ultrafiltration membrane, microfiltration membrane, etc.
- the shape can be hollow fiber, flat membrane, etc.
- the material is polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polysulfone Polyvinylidene fluoride and cellulose acetate can be used. Polysulfone and polyvinylidene fluoride are preferred because of their heat resistance and chemical resistance.
- the shape of the membrane module can be a spiral type, a hollow fiber membrane type, a tubular type, a plate type, or the like.
- the ion adsorption treatment means is provided after the biological treatment means, the sludge separation means, and the sludge solubilization means. I prefer it.
- the desalting treatment means used as a means for removing the components contained in water in the present invention specifically, a reverse osmosis membrane device, an electrodeionization device, a distillation device, and an ion exchange resin are used.
- Conventionally known desalting treatment means by the used ion exchange device or the like can be mentioned.
- each device may be used alone, or a plurality of devices of the same type may be combined in multiple stages, for example, reverse osmosis membrane devices may be provided in multiple stages in series. You can also combine multiple types of devices Yo. When processing by combining a plurality of devices, they can be combined in any order.
- the order in which the desalting treatment means is combined with the ion adsorption treatment means using the porous molded body as an adsorbent may be determined according to the situation where there is no particular limitation.
- the coagulation precipitation treatment means used as a means for removing the components contained in water includes conventionally known coagulation precipitation treatment carried out in industrial wastewater treatment, sewage treatment or the like.
- coagulation precipitation treatment carried out in industrial wastewater treatment, sewage treatment or the like.
- aluminum salts such as aluminum sulfate (sulfate band) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC)
- iron salts such as ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride
- slaked lime can be used.
- the order of combining the coagulation-precipitation treatment means with the ion adsorption treatment means using the porous molded body as an adsorbent is not particularly limited, but the ion adsorption treatment means may be placed in the latter stage. preferable.
- the direct purification means used as a means for removing the components contained in the water is not particularly limited, but includes a direct system for purification in situ in rivers and ponds, and pumping up polluted water. It is roughly classified into a separation system that purifies in a reaction vessel that is made into an apparatus.
- direct methods aeration method, water dilution method for purification, subsurface flow purification method, laminar flow purification method, sedimentation pond method, low mud dredging method, algae / aquatic plant recovery method, contact material filling water channel purification method, activated carbon purification method, aquatic Plant planting method and the like.
- Examples of the separation method include a gravel contact oxidation method, a sand filtration method, and a coagulation precipitation method.
- the separation method is preferably the direct method because it requires a very large site or requires advanced facilities.
- the aquatic plant planting method is more preferable because it can maintain a rich ecosystem and has a low environmental impact.
- advantages such as extraction plants, floating plants, submerged plants and floating leaf plants, strong fertility, creating dense communities, low water content, and reusability. Drawing plants are preferred.
- Examples of water extraction plants include Idasa, Rice, Oranda Garashi, Gama, Higama, Pakbun, Papyrus, Makomo, and Yoshi.
- reed is more preferable because it can form a wetland having a biomass conversion action in several stages.
- the order in which the direct purification means is combined with the ion adsorption treatment means using the porous molded body as an adsorbent is not particularly limited, but the ion adsorption treatment means is preferably provided downstream.
- a porous molded body having a special structure is used for the ion adsorption treatment.
- the structure of the molded body will be described.
- the molded body of the present invention has communication holes formed of fibrils and has a porous structure. Furthermore, the outer surface is excellent in the openability of the surface without the skin layer.
- the molded body of the present invention also has a void inside the fibril forming the communication hole, and at least a part of the void is opened on the surface of the fibril.
- the aperture ratio of the outer surface of the molded article of the present invention refers to the ratio of the sum of the aperture areas of all the holes in the area of the field of view when the surface is observed with a scanning electron microscope.
- the surface of the compact was observed at a magnification of 10,000, and the outer surface aperture ratio was measured.
- the range of the surface opening ratio is preferably 10 to 90%, and particularly preferably 15 to 80%. If it is less than 10%, the diffusion rate of ions to be adsorbed, such as phosphorus, into the molded body will be slow, while if it exceeds 90%, the molded body will have insufficient strength, and it will be difficult to realize a molded body with excellent mechanical strength. is there.
- the outer surface opening diameter of the molded article of the present invention is determined by observing the surface with a scanning electron microscope. If the hole is circular, use the diameter. If it is not circular, use the equivalent circle diameter of a circle with the same area. Preferred surface opening The range of diameter is ⁇ , 0.005 ⁇ ⁇ -100 / ⁇ , especially 0.01 ⁇ ! ⁇ 50 ⁇ m force S preferred. 0.
- the diffusion rate of the substance to be adsorbed, such as phosphorus, into the molded body tends to be slow, while if it exceeds 100 ⁇ , the strength of the molded body tends to be insufficient.
- the molded body of the present invention has voids in the fibrils forming the communication holes, and at least a part of the voids are opened on the surface of the fibrils.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent is supported on the outer surface of the fibril and the void surface inside the fibril. Since the fibril itself is also porous, the inorganic ion adsorbent that is the adsorption substrate loaded inside can also come into contact with ions to be adsorbed, such as phosphorus, and function effectively as an adsorbent. it can.
- the portion where the adsorption substrate is supported is also porous, the fine adsorption site of the adsorption substrate, which was a disadvantage of the conventional method of kneading the adsorption substrate and the binder. It is possible to effectively use an adsorption substrate that is less likely to be blocked by a binder.
- the fibril means a fibrous structure containing an organic polymer resin and forming a three-dimensionally continuous network structure on the outer surface and inside of the molded body.
- the void inside the fibril and the opening of the fibril surface are judged by observing the cut section of the molded body with a scanning electron microscope. It is observed that there are voids in the cross-section of the fibril and that the surface of the fibril is open. Further, it is observed that the inorganic ion adsorbent powder is supported on the outer surface of the fibril and the inner void surface.
- the thickness of the fibril is preferably between 0.01 / im and 50 / im.
- the pore diameter on the fibril surface is preferably 0.001 ⁇ to 5 ⁇ .
- the communicating holes preferably have a maximum pore diameter layer in the vicinity of the surface of the molded body.
- the maximum pore diameter layer means the largest portion in the pore diameter distribution of the communication holes extending from the surface of the molded body to the inside.
- the layer in which the void exists is called the maximum pore size layer.
- the vicinity of the surface means the inner side up to 25% of the cut diameter of the compact from the outer surface toward the center.
- the presence of the maximum pore size layer near the surface of the molded body has the effect of accelerating the diffusion of the substance to be adsorbed into the interior. Therefore, ions to be adsorbed such as phosphorus can be quickly taken into the molded body and removed from the treated water.
- the position of the maximum pore diameter and the maximum pore diameter layer is determined by scanning the surface of the molded body and the fractured surface. Obtained by observing with a microscope.
- For the hole diameter use the circle equivalent diameter if the hole is circular, or the equivalent circle diameter of a circle with the same area if the hole is not circular.
- the form of the molded body can take any form such as a particulate form, a thread form, a sheet form, a hollow fiber form, a cylindrical form, and a hollow cylindrical form.
- the pressure loss, the effectiveness of the contact area, and the ease of handling of the particles when packed in a column or the like are passed.
- spherical particles (not only spherical but may be elliptical) are preferable.
- the average particle diameter of the spherical molded body of the present invention is the mode diameter of the sphere equivalent diameter (most frequent particle diameter) obtained from the angular distribution of the scattered light intensity of diffraction by laser light, assuming that the particles are spherical. ).
- average particle diameter range ⁇ , 100 ⁇ ⁇ to 2500 ⁇ ⁇ , especially (200 to 200 ⁇ m is preferred. If average particle size is smaller than 100 ⁇ m, column or tank If the average particle size is larger than 2500 ⁇ , the surface area when the column tank is filled becomes small and the processing efficiency tends to decrease.
- the porosity Pr (%) of the molded body of the present invention is the weight Wl (g) of the molded body when it contains water, the weight W0 (g) after drying, and the specific gravity of the molded body p.
- the weight when water is contained may be measured by spreading a molded product sufficiently wetted on water and drying on a filter paper and removing excess water, and then measuring the weight when containing water. Drying may be performed under vacuum at room temperature in order to eliminate moisture.
- the specific gravity of the molded body can be easily measured using a specific gravity bottle.
- the preferable porosity Pr (%) is in the range of 50% to 90%, particularly preferably 60 to 85%. If it is less than 50%, the contact frequency between the ions to be adsorbed such as phosphorus and the inorganic ion adsorbent as the adsorption substrate tends to be insufficient. If it exceeds 90%, the strength of the molded product tends to be insufficient.
- the amount of the inorganic ion adsorbent supported in the molded body of the present invention refers to a value represented by the following formula when the weight Wd (g) of the molded body when dried and the weight Wa (g) of ash.
- Support i (%) Wa / Wd X 100
- the ash content is the residue when the molded article of the present invention is baked at 800 ° C for 2 hours.
- the range of the supported amount is preferably 30 to 95%, more preferably 40 to 90%, and particularly preferably 65 to 90%. If it is less than 30%, the contact frequency between the ions to be adsorbed such as phosphorus and the organic ion adsorbent as the adsorption substrate becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 95% immediately, the strength of the compact tends to be insufficient.
- the method of the present invention unlike the conventional attaching method, since the adsorbing substrate and the organic polymer resin are kneaded and molded, it is possible to obtain a molded body that maintains a large amount of support and has high strength. it can.
- the specific surface area of the molded product of the present invention is defined by the following equation.
- Specific surface area (m 2 m 3 ) SX force ⁇ Specific gravity (g m 3 )
- S is a specific surface area (m 2 / g) per unit weight of the molded body.
- the specific surface area is measured using the BET method after vacuum drying the molded body at room temperature.
- the apparent volume is measured using a wet compact and a graduated cylinder. Then, vacuum dry at room temperature to determine the weight.
- Preferred specific surface area range is 5m 2 / cm 3 ⁇ 500m 2 / cm 3. If it is less than 5 m 2 / cm 3 , the amount of adsorption substrate supported and the adsorption performance tend to be insufficient. If it exceeds 500 m 2 or m 3 , the strength of the molded product will be insufficient.
- the adsorption performance (adsorption capacity) of an inorganic ion adsorbent that is an adsorption substrate is often proportional to the specific surface area. If the surface area per unit volume is small, it is difficult to achieve high-speed processing with small adsorption capacity and adsorption performance when packed in columns and tanks.
- the porous molded body used as the adsorbent in the ion adsorption treatment means of the present invention has a three-dimensional network structure that is porous and intricately intertwined with fibrils. Furthermore, since the fibril itself has a void, it has a feature of a large surface area. Since it has an adsorption substrate (inorganic ion adsorbent) having a larger specific surface area, the surface area per unit volume is also increased.
- the method for producing a porous molded body used as an adsorbent in the ion adsorption treatment means of the present invention comprises mixing an organic polymer resin, its good solvent, an inorganic ion adsorbent, and a water-soluble polymer, followed by molding. And solidifying in a poor solvent.
- the organic polymer resin used in the production is not particularly limited, but is preferably one that can be made porous by wet phase separation.
- polysulfone polymer polyvinylidene fluoride polymer, polyvinylidene chloride polymer, acrylonitrile polymer, polymethyl methacrylate polymer, polyamide polymer, polyimide polymer, cellulose polymer, ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer polymer And so on.
- ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer EVOH
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- PS polysulfone
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride (non-swelling in water, biodegradability, and ease of production)
- EVOH ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer
- the good solvent used in this production may be any solvent that can dissolve both the organic polymer resin and the water-soluble polymer.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- NMP N-methylol-2-pyrrolidone
- DMAC dimethylacetamide
- DMF dimethylformamide
- the content of the organic polymer resin in the good solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 7 to 30% by weight. If it is less than 5% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a strong molded product. If it exceeds 40% by weight, it is difficult to obtain a porous molded body having a high porosity.
- the water-soluble polymer used in the production is not particularly limited as long as it is compatible with the organic polymer resin.
- Natural polymers include guar gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan, gum arabic, Examples include tragacanth, pectin, starch, dextrin, gelatin, casein, and collagen.
- Examples of the semi-synthetic polymer include methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxy ethenoresenorerose, ethenorehydroxy ethenoresenorerose, canoleoxy methinole starch, and methyl starch.
- examples of the synthetic polymer include polybutyl alcohol, poly (vinyl pyrrolidone), poly (butyl methyl ether), carboxybule polymer, sodium poly (atalylate), and polyethylene glycols such as tetraethylene dalycol and triethylene glycol.
- synthetic polymers are preferred because of their biodegradability resistance.
- polyvinylpyrrolidone is used as the water-soluble polymer in that it has a high effect of developing a structure having voids inside the fibrils forming the communication holes as in the porous molded body used in the present invention.
- the weight average molecular weight of polybulurpyrrolidone is preferably in the range of 2,000 to 2,000,000 ⁇ , 2,000 to 1,000,000, and is more preferable than S, 2,000 to 100,000 Range power S more preferred. From weight average molecular weight force S2,000 / J length, the effect of developing a structure with voids inside the fibril tends to be low. If it exceeds 2,000,000, the viscosity during molding increases. Therefore, the molding tends to be difficult.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer in the porous molded body used in the present invention is such that the weight of the molded body when dried is Wd (g), and the weight of the water-soluble polymer extracted from the molded body is Ws (g ) Is the value represented by the following formula.
- Content (%) Ws / Wd X 100
- the content of the water-soluble polymer depends on the type and molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer, but 0.001 to 10% is preferable, more preferably 0.01 to 1%. is there. If it is less than 001%, the effect is not necessarily sufficient to open the surface of the molded product. If it exceeds 10%, the polymer concentration becomes relatively thin and the strength may not be sufficient.
- the weight Ws of the water-soluble polymer in the molded product is measured as follows. First, after the dried molded body was pulverized with a mortar or the like, the water-soluble polymer was extracted from the pulverized product using a good solvent for the water-soluble polymer, and then the extract was evaporated to dryness and extracted. Water-soluble high content Find the weight of the child.
- identification of the extracted evaporated and dried product and confirmation of the presence or absence of a strong water-soluble polymer that remains in the fibrils and is not extracted can be measured by an infrared absorption spectrum (IR) or the like.
- IR infrared absorption spectrum
- the porous molded body is dissolved in a good solvent for both the organic polymer resin and the water-soluble polymer, and then the inorganic ion adsorbent is used.
- a liquid removed by filtration can be prepared, and then the liquid can be analyzed using GPC or the like to quantify the content of the water-soluble polymer.
- the content of the water-soluble polymer can be appropriately adjusted depending on the molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer and the combination of the organic polymer resin and its good solvent. For example, when a water-soluble polymer having a high molecular weight is used, the entanglement of the molecular chain with the organic polymer resin becomes strong, and it becomes difficult to shift to the poor solvent side during molding, and the content can be increased.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent contained in the porous molded body used in the present invention refers to an inorganic substance exhibiting an ion adsorption phenomenon.
- natural products include zeolite, montmorillonite, and various mineral substances
- synthetic materials include metal oxides.
- the former is represented by kaolin minerals with aluminosilicate and single layer lattice, bilayered muscovite, sea green stone, Kanuma soil, pyrophyllite, talc, three-dimensional framework feldspar, and zeolite.
- the latter is mainly composed of polyvalent metal salts, metal oxides, insoluble heteropolyacid salts, insoluble hexocyanate salts, and the like.
- Examples of the polyvalent metal salt include a hydrated talcite compound represented by the following formula (II).
- M 2+ represents at least one divalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of Mg 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ , Fe Ca and Cu 2+
- 3+ represents at least one trivalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of Al 3+ and Fe 3+
- a n — represents an n-valent anion, and 0. l ⁇ x ⁇ 0.5 Yes, 0. l ⁇ y ⁇ 0.5, nf or 1 or f or 2.
- the metal oxide can be represented by the following formula (I). MN O -mH O (I)
- n 0 to 3
- n :! to 4
- m 0 to 6
- M and N are different from each other, Ti, Zr, Sn, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Al, Si, Cr, Co, Ga, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Ge, Nb, and Ta Group power is a selected metal element.
- the metal oxide referred to in the present invention may be an unhydrated (non-hydrated) metal oxide in which m in the formula (I) can be represented by 0, or m can be represented by a numerical value other than 0. It may be a hydrated (hydrated) metal oxide.
- each metal element contained has regularity and is uniformly distributed throughout the oxide, for example, Forms perovskite structure, spinel structure, etc., Nikkenoreflite (NiFe 2 O 3), zirconium hydrous ferrous acid
- Each metal element contained in metal oxides such as salt (Zr'Fe O -mH O m is 0.5-6)
- the inorganic ion adsorbent supported on the porous molded body of the present invention is represented by the above formula (I) from the viewpoint of excellent adsorption performance of phosphorus, boron, fluorine and arsenic, and the following ( A mixture of one or more metal oxides selected from any group of a) to (c) is preferable.
- aluminum sulfate-added activated alumina, aluminum sulfate-added activated carbon and the like are also preferable.
- the metal oxide represented by the formula (I) used in the present invention may be a solid solution of metal elements other than M and N.
- Zirconium oxide may be hydrated zirconium oxide in which iron is dissolved.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent used in the present invention may contain a plurality of metal oxides represented by the formula (I).
- a specific metal oxide Is preferably a mixture structure covered with another metal oxide.
- An example of such a structure is a structure in which hydrated zirconium oxide covers the periphery of triiron tetroxide.
- the metal oxide referred to in the present invention includes a metal oxide in which other elements are dissolved, so that the water in which iron is dissolved in the surroundings of triiron tetroxide in which dinoleconium is dissolved is used.
- a structure covered with zirconium oxide is also a preferred example.
- hydrated zirconium oxide has high adsorption performance for ions such as phosphorus, boron, fluorine and arsenic and durability for repeated use, but is expensive.
- triiron tetroxide has a lower adsorption performance for ions such as phosphorus, boron, fluorine, and arsenic and durability for repeated use, but is very inexpensive, compared with hydrated dinoleconium oxide.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent used in the present invention is: At least one of M and N in the formula (I) is around a metal oxide which is a metal element selected from the group consisting of anoleminium, silicon, and iron. It is preferable that the structure is covered with a metal oxide which is a metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, tin, cerium, lanthanum, and yttrium.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, and iron.
- the content ratio of the metal element is the total number of moles of the metal element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, and iron and the group element selected from the group consisting of titanium, dinoleconium, tin, cerium, lanthanum, and yttrium.
- metal oxides having different oxidation numbers of the metal elements, but the form is not limited as long as it can exist stably in the inorganic ion adsorbent.
- iron oxide it must be hydrated ferric oxide (FeO.mH 2 O) or hydrated iron trioxide (FeO .mH 2 O) due to the problem of oxidative stability in air.
- FeO.mH 2 O hydrated ferric oxide
- FeO .mH 2 O hydrated iron trioxide
- the inorganic ion adsorbent of the present invention may contain an impurity element mixed due to its production method and the like without departing from the achievement of the object of the present invention.
- impurity elements include nitrogen (nitrate, nitrite, ammonium), sodium, magnesium, iodo, chlorine, potassium, calcium, copper, zinc, bromine, barium, hafnium, etc. It is done.
- the specific surface area of the inorganic ion adsorbent affects the adsorption performance and durability
- the specific surface area is preferably within a certain range.
- 20 is a BET specific surface area determined by nitrogen adsorption method: 1000 m more preferably is preferably instrument 30 ⁇ 800m 2 / g Dearuko and force S that is 2 / g, with 50 to 600 m 2 / g More preferably, it is particularly preferably 60 to 500 m 2 / g. If the BET specific surface area is too small, the adsorption performance decreases, and if it is too large, the solubility in acids and alkalis increases, and as a result, the durability performance against repeated use decreases.
- the method for producing the metal oxide represented by the formula (I) used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, it is produced by the following method.
- the precipitate obtained by adding an alkaline solution to an aqueous salt solution of the metal chloride, sulfate, nitrate, etc. is filtered, washed and dried.
- the drying is performed by air drying or at about 150 ° C. or less, preferably about 90 ° C. or less for about 1 to 20 hours.
- At least one force of M and N in the formula (I) around the metal oxide which is a metal element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, and iron A method for producing an inorganic ion adsorbent comprising a structure in which at least one of N is covered with a metal oxide which is a metal element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, tin, cerium, lanthanum, and yttrium.
- An example of manufacturing an inorganic ion adsorbent having a structure in which zirconium oxide is covered around triiron tetroxide will be described.
- the salt of zirconium chloride, nitrate, sulfate, etc., and the salt of iron chloride, nitrate, sulfate, etc. are adjusted so that the above-mentioned F / T (molar ratio) becomes a desired value.
- an alkaline aqueous solution is added to adjust the pH to 8 to 9.5, preferably 8.5 to 9 to form a precipitate.
- the temperature of the aqueous solution is set to 50 ° C., and air is blown in while maintaining the pH at 8 to 9.5, preferably 8.5 to 9, and oxidation treatment is performed until no ferrous ions can be detected in the liquid phase.
- the resulting precipitate is filtered off, washed with water and dried. Drying is performed by air drying or at about 150 ° C or lower, preferably about 90 ° C or lower for about 1 to 20 hours.
- the moisture content after drying is preferably in the range of about 6 to 30% by weight.
- the moisture content after drying is the weight loss rate when the dried precipitate is heated from room temperature to 1000 ° C.
- Zirconium salts used in the above-mentioned production methods include zirconium oxide chloride (ZrOCl), zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl), zirconium nitrate (Zr (NO)), zirconium sulfate (Zr (SO)). ) And the like. These may be hydrated salts such as Zr (SO 2) ⁇ 4 ⁇ 0. These metal salts are usually used in the form of a solution of about 0.05 to 2 moles per liter.
- iron salts such as ferrous sulfate (FeSO), ferrous nitrate (Fe (NO)), and ferrous chloride (FeCl). It is done. These may also be hydrated salts such as FeS ⁇ ⁇ 7 ⁇ ⁇ .
- ferrous salts may be added in the form of a solution usually added as a solid.
- anomaly examples include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, ammonia, sodium carbonate and the like. These are preferably about 5-20% by weight water. Used in solution. When oxidizing gas is blown, the time varies depending on the type of oxidizing gas, but is usually about:! To 10 hours.
- oxidizing agent for example, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite and the like are used.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent of the present invention is preferably as fine as possible, and its particle size is 0.01 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 0.01 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, More preferably 0.0
- the range is from 1 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- the particle size means the particle size of both primary particles and secondary particles in which primary particles are aggregated or a mixture.
- the particle diameter of the inorganic ion adsorbent contained in the porous molded body used in the present invention is a sphere equivalent diameter (most frequent particle diameter) obtained from the angular distribution of scattered light intensity of diffraction by laser light.
- Examples of the poor solvent used in the present production method include organic polymers such as water, alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, ethers, ⁇ - hexane, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ⁇ -heptane.
- a liquid that does not dissolve water is used, but water is preferably used.
- the mixing ratio (good solvent / water percentage) of the good solvent and water of the preferred polymer resin is 0 to 40%, more preferably 0 to 30%. When the mixing ratio exceeds 40%, the coagulation rate becomes slow. Therefore, when the polymer solution formed into droplets or the like enters the poor solvent and while moving in the poor solvent, the poor solvent and the molded body are mixed. There is a tendency towards ⁇ , where the shape becomes distorted due to the influence of low friction piles.
- the temperature of the poor solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably -30 ° C to 90 ° C, more preferably 0 ° C to 90 ° C, and even more preferably 0 ° C to 80 ° C. ° C. If the temperature of the poor solvent exceeds 90 ° C or less than -30 ° C, the state of the molded body in the poor solvent is difficult to stabilize.
- the porous molded body used in the present invention absorbs and removes ions in water by contacting with water. Suitable for use as a dressing.
- the ions to be adsorbed by the porous molded body used in the present invention are not particularly limited to anions and cations.
- anions phosphorus (phosphate ion), fluorine (fluoride ion), arsenic (arsenate ion, arsenite ion), boron (borate ion), iodine ion, chlorine ion, sulfate ion, nitrate ion , Nitrite ions, and ions of various organic acids such as acetic acid.
- Examples of the cation include sodium, potassium, calcium, cadmium, lead, chromium, cobanolate, strontium, and cesium.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent since the inorganic ion adsorbent has a characteristic of specific selectivity for a specific ion, it can be phosphorous because various ions such as sewage and industrial wastewater coexist. Suitable for removing any ions.
- the inorganic ion adsorbent is selected from the following groups (a) to (c): A metal oxide or a mixture of two or more metal oxides is preferred.
- the porous molded body of the present invention is usually filled in a container and used.
- the shape of the container and the porous molded body The shape of the packed bed is not particularly limited as long as the porous molded body can be contacted with water to be treated. Examples thereof include cylindrical, columnar, polygonal column, and box-type containers.
- packing in a column or adsorption tower and allowing the water to be treated to flow through and contact with each other can sufficiently bring out the high contact efficiency that is characteristic of the porous molded body.
- These containers are preferably provided with a solid-liquid separation mechanism that prevents the porous molded body from flowing out of the container, for example, an eye plate or a mesh.
- the material of the container is not particularly limited, and examples include stainless steel, FRP (reinforced plastic with glass fiber), glass, and various plastics.
- the inner surface can be made of rubber or fluororesin lining.
- the contact method between the porous molded body and the water to be treated is not particularly limited as long as the porous molded body can be brought into contact with the water to be treated.
- a method of passing water in an upward or downward flow through a packed bed of a cylindrical, polygonal, or box-shaped porous molded body, or a cylindrical porous Examples include an external pressure method that allows water to flow from the outer circumferential side to the inner cylinder through the packed bed of the molded body, an internal pressure method that allows water to flow in the opposite direction, and a method that allows water to flow horizontally through the box-shaped packed bed.
- the packed bed of the porous molded body may be a fluidized bed system.
- the ion adsorption treatment in the present invention is generally carried out at the same site where the adsorption treatment is carried out, as will be described later. However, if there is not enough space at the site, or if the desorption frequency is low and sufficient time can be taken to replace the container filled with the porous molded body, the container filled with the porous molded body should be removed. It can be removed from the apparatus and replaced with a new container filled with a porous molded body having adsorption capability. The porous molded body in the removed container can be separately processed and reused in a factory equipped with a facility for desorption treatment and activation treatment.
- the configuration of the ion adsorption treatment means using the porous molded body as an adsorbent is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a merry-go-round method.
- a plurality of adsorption treatment means are arranged in series to run water, and when the adsorption capacity of the ion adsorption treatment means arranged in the previous stage is reduced, water is passed to the ion adsorption treatment means.
- the water quality is continuously stabilized by passing water sequentially through multiple ion adsorption treatment means with a time lag from the previous stage, such as stopping and passing the ion adsorption treatment means located in the subsequent stage to the front stage.
- the ion adsorption treatment means in which the adsorption capacity of the porous molded body has been reduced, treatment such as backwashing, desorption and activation is sequentially performed to regenerate the adsorption capacity of the porous molded body used. Wait until the next adsorbing treatment order comes. In this case as well, the frequency of desorption is low and the In the case where sufficient time can be taken for replacement of the on-absorption treatment means, only the ion absorption treatment means can be removed from the water treatment apparatus and replaced with an ion absorption treatment means having adsorption capability. As described above, the porous molded body in the removed ion-absorbing treatment means can be treated and recycled at a factory equipped with a desorption treatment and activation treatment facility.
- detector 1 is installed between adsorption tower A at the front stage and adsorption tower B at the rear stage, and the quality of treated water in adsorption tower A is constantly monitored. When the water quality of detector 1 exceeds the specified value, it is judged that the adsorption capacity of adsorption tower A is full, and the status of each valve is VI-closed, V2-open, V3-closed, V4-closed, V5-closed. , V6—open, V7—close, V8—open, V9—close, and raw water is passed in the order of V2, adsorption tower B, V8, detector 2, adsorption tower C, V6. That is, water is passed through adsorption tower B as the front stage and adsorption tower C as the rear stage. Detector 3 is installed between VI and V9.
- the adsorption tower A having the full adsorption capacity is subjected to the steps of backwashing, desorption, and activation, and then the adsorption capacity of the adsorption tower B is full, and the adsorption tower C is in the previous stage.
- Adsorption tower A is on standby until water flow begins in the following order.
- the detector can be appropriately selected depending on the type of ions to be processed. Specific examples include a conductivity meter, phosphate ion concentration meter, fluorine ion concentration meter, pH, and the like. In addition, it is not limited to online monitoring, but it is also possible to manage the quality of treated water sampled off-line using, for example, ICP emission spectrometry.
- a detector to detect the adsorption capacity of the adsorption tower in the previous stage.
- this detector is omitted, and switching of the adsorption tower is managed by the water flow time. I can do it.
- the number of ion adsorption treatment means arranged in series is not particularly limited, but is usually selected in the range of 2 to 5. If the number of ion adsorption treatment means arranged exceeds 5, There is a tendency for the total cost to increase.
- the suspended substance removing means for separating and removing suspended substances in the water is provided before the ion adsorption treating means.
- the means for removing suspended substances include coagulation sedimentation treatment, sedimentation separation treatment, sand filtration treatment, and membrane separation treatment.
- a membrane separation process is preferable because it requires a small installation area and provides clear filtered water.
- Preferred membrane separation treatment includes reverse osmosis membrane (RO), ultrafiltration membrane (UF), microfiltration membrane (MF) and the like.
- RO reverse osmosis membrane
- UF ultrafiltration membrane
- MF microfiltration membrane
- the pH of water to be treated is adjusted to a suitable pH by the combination of ions to be removed and the inorganic ion adsorbent contained in the porous molded body, and then removed. It is preferable to adsorb the target ions.
- the pH adjustment range in the case of using an inorganic ion adsorbent having a structure in which phosphorus in water is to be removed and hydrated dinoreconium oxide or triiron tetroxide is covered with hydrated dinoleconium oxide is pHl. : In the range of 10, more preferably pH 2-7.
- the pH adjustment range is pH 3 to 10 More preferably, the pH is 5-8.
- the pH adjustment range is pH 1 to 7. It is a range, More preferably, it is pH 2-5.
- the pH adjustment range when using an inorganic ion adsorbent with a structure in which arsenic in a liquid is to be removed and hydrated cerium oxide or iron tetroxide is covered with hydrated cerium oxide is pH 3 to 1 It is in the range of 2, more preferably pH 5-9.
- the porous molded body used in the present invention can recover the anion adsorption performance again by treatment with an acidic aqueous solution after desorption of the anion adsorbed by contacting with an alkaline aqueous solution. (Reproduction processing). Recycling the porous molded body has the effect of reducing power and waste if the cost can be reduced. In particular, the porous molded body of the present invention Is excellent in durability against repeated use.
- the force capable of desorbing anions S is preferably pH 12 or more, more preferably pH 13 or more.
- the concentration of the alkaline water solution is in the range of 0.1 wt% to 30 wt%, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 20 wt%. If it is thinner than 0 wt%, the desorption efficiency is low, and if it is thicker than 30 wt%, the alkali drug cost tends to increase.
- the flow rate of the desorption liquid is not particularly limited, but usually a range of SV0.5 to 15 (hr_l) is preferable. If SV is lower than 0.5, the desorption time tends to be long and tends to be inefficient. If SV is larger than 15, the contact time between the porous molded body and the desorption liquid is shortened and the desorption efficiency is lowered. There is a tendency to.
- the type of the aqueous alkali solution used as the desorption liquid is not particularly limited, but usually an inorganic alkali such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution, or ammonium hydroxide, and organic amines are used. Of these, sodium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide are particularly preferred because of their high desorption efficiency.
- the desorption liquid after being used for the desorption treatment contains the ions to be removed that have been desorbed from the porous molded body.
- the water treatment apparatus of the present invention has poor solubility of the ions to be removed in the desorption liquid. It is preferable to have a crystallization means for crystallizing the salt and a solid-liquid separation means for separating the produced crystallized product from the alkaline aqueous solution. This facilitates reuse of the desorption solution and recovery of the desorbed ions to be removed.
- the crystallization treatment and the solid-liquid separation treatment of the crystallized product can be performed, for example, as follows.
- the desorption solution is brought into contact with the porous molded article of the present invention that has adsorbed the ions to be removed, and the ions to be removed are desorbed in the desorption solution.
- ions to be removed and a crystallization agent that causes precipitation are added, and the resulting precipitate (crystallized product) is separated and recovered from an alkaline aqueous solution by solid-liquid separation.
- crystallization agent examples include metal hydroxides.
- metal hydroxides metal salts combine with anions such as phosphorus, boron, fluorine, and arsenic to form precipitates.
- anions such as phosphorus, boron, fluorine, and arsenic to form precipitates.
- a closed system can be obtained by collecting and recycling the alkaline aqueous solution used for the desorption treatment.
- Specific crystallization agents include sodium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, hydroxide And magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
- a hydroxide of a polyvalent metal is preferred, and aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide are particularly preferred.
- calcium hydroxide is preferable in terms of cost.
- the desorption solution can be separated and recovered according to the following reaction formula. Furthermore, the crystallized calcium phosphate can be recycled as fertilizer.
- the amount of metal hydroxide added is not particularly limited, but is 1 to 4 times the equivalent of the target ion. If the amount added is less than equimolar, the precipitation removal efficiency will be low, and if it exceeds 4 equivalents, the removal efficiency will hardly change and will tend to be economically disadvantageous.
- the pH is preferably 6 or more. Considering that the desorption solution is recovered and reused, it is preferable to maintain the pH at 2 or more, preferably at pHl 3 or more. Les,. When the pH during precipitation is lower than 6, the solubility of the precipitate increases and the precipitation efficiency decreases.
- an inorganic flocculant such as aluminum sulfate or polyaluminum chloride, or a polymer flocculant may be used in combination.
- the desorption liquid containing the ions to be removed is cooled for use in the desorption treatment, and the precipitate is crystallized and separated.
- the desorption solution should be reusable, and the ions to be removed will be separated and recovered as precipitates.
- the water treatment apparatus of the present invention further includes a cooling means for the desorption liquid containing the ions to be removed in contact with the porous molded body used in the ion adsorption treatment means. preferable.
- This crystallization treatment of desorbed ions by cooling is particularly suitable for the case where a porous form adsorbing phosphate ions is desorbed using an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution as a desorbed solution. it can.
- the cooling means and method are not particularly limited, but can be cooled using a normal chiller, heat exchanger or the like.
- the cooling temperature is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature at which desorbed ions can be crystallized.
- a range of 25 ° C is preferred 5 to: a range of 10 ° C is more preferred. Below 5 ° C, more cooling energy is required and tends to be economically disadvantageous. Above 25 ° C, the effect of crystallizing precipitates tends to be low.
- sodium hydroxide concentration can be increased by newly adding sodium hydroxide.
- the solid-liquid separation means for the precipitation (crystallized product) having a strong desorption liquid is not particularly limited, but usually a filter press, sedimentation separation, centrifugal separation, belt press machine, screw press machine, membrane separation method, etc.
- the membrane separation method is particularly preferable because it requires a small installation area and can provide clear filtered water.
- the membrane separation method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an ultrafiltration membrane (UF), a microfiltration membrane (MF), and a dialysis membrane.
- the form of the membrane is not limited to flat membranes, hollow fibers, pleats, tubes, etc.
- Preferred membrane separation methods are ultrafiltration membrane (UF), microfiltration membrane (MF) and the like in terms of filtration speed and filtration accuracy.
- the coagulation-precipitation treatment means is used as the means for removing the components contained in water, and the apparatus of the present invention in combination with this ion adsorption treatment means contains the ions to be removed used for the desorption treatment.
- the apparatus of the present invention in combination with this ion adsorption treatment means contains the ions to be removed used for the desorption treatment.
- the porous molded body in the container after the desorption treatment is alkaline, and as it is, the ability to adsorb ions in the raw water again is low. Therefore, an acidic aqueous solution is used to return the pH in the column to a predetermined value, that is, an activation treatment.
- the acidic aqueous solution is not particularly limited, but an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or the like is used.
- the concentration should be about 0.001 to 10 wt%.
- a water volume of less than 001 wt% and a large volume of water are required before activation is completed, and if it is higher than 10 wt%, there is a risk of problems in handling the acidic aqueous solution.
- the flow rate is not particularly limited, but is usually preferably in the range of SVO. 5-30 (hr-. If SV is lower than 0.5, the activation time tends to be long and inefficient. When SV is larger than 30, the contact time between the porous molded body and the acidic aqueous solution is shortened, and the activation efficiency tends to decrease.
- a further preferable treatment in the activation treatment is to circulate the active liquid between the column and the pH adjusting tank.
- the pH of the porous molded body in the container that has been shifted to the alkali side by the desorption treatment can be gradually returned to a predetermined pH in consideration of the acid resistance of the inorganic ion adsorbent. it can.
- the activation method of the present invention is provided with a column and a pH adjustment tank and circulates the activation liquid. Therefore, the activation method can be activated while avoiding the pH range in which the acid is dissolved. The volume of water used for activation can be reduced and the device can be made compact.
- the flow rate when the activation liquid is circulated is usually selected within the range of SVl to 200 (hr—. More preferably, it is within the range of SV10 to 100.
- SVl to 200 hr—. More preferably, it is within the range of SV10 to 100.
- the activation time tends to be long and tends to be inefficient.
- SV is larger than 200, a large pump power is required and there is a tendency to become inefficient.
- This series of desorption and activation processes can be performed with the adsorbent filled in the container.
- the adsorption performance of the porous molded body can be easily regenerated by passing the desorption liquid and the activation liquid sequentially in the container filled with the adsorbent after the adsorption treatment.
- the liquid flow direction may be either an upward flow or a downward flow.
- the porous molded article of the present invention is excellent in chemical resistance and strength, the adsorption performance hardly deteriorates even when this regeneration treatment is repeated several tens to several hundreds of times.
- Example The present invention will be described based on examples.
- the compact was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) using an S-800 scanning electron microscope manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.
- the molded body was vacuum dried at room temperature, and the dried molded body was added to isopropyl alcohol (IPA) to impregnate the molded body with IPA.
- IPA isopropyl alcohol
- the molded body was sealed together with IPA in a gelatin capsule having a diameter of 5 mm and frozen in liquid nitrogen.
- the frozen molded body was cleaved with a sculptured sword together with the capsule.
- the molded product that had been cut was selected as a microscope sample.
- An image of the surface of the molded body taken using a scanning electron microscope was determined using image analysis software (Winroof (trade name) manufactured by Mitani Corporation).
- the obtained SEM image is recognized as a grayscale image, and the threshold value is manually adjusted by dividing the dark portion as an opening and the light portion as a fibril, and dividing it into an opening portion and a fibril portion. Then, the area ratio was obtained.
- the particle sizes of the molded body and the inorganic ion adsorbent were measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus (LA-910 (trade name) manufactured by HORIBA Corporation). However, when the particle size was 1,000 ⁇ m or more, the longest and shortest diameters of the compact were measured using SEM images, and the average value was taken as the particle size.
- LA-910 laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus
- the molded body which was sufficiently wet with water, was spread on dry filter paper, and after excess moisture was removed, the weight was measured to obtain the weight (W1) of the molded body when it contained water.
- the compact is vacuum dried at room temperature. A molded body dried for 4 hours was obtained. The weight of the dried molded body was measured and taken as the weight (W0) when the molded body was dried.
- a specific gravity bottle (Geryusac type, capacity 10ml) was prepared, and when the specific gravity bottle was filled with pure water (25 ° C), the weight was measured and used as the full water weight (Ww). .
- a molded body wet in pure water was placed in this specific gravity bottle, and the pure water was filled to the marked line and the weight was measured to obtain (Ww m).
- this molded body was taken out of the specific gravity bottle and subjected to vacuum drying at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a dried molded body. The weight of the dried molded body was measured and determined as (M).
- Pr is the porosity (%)
- W1 is the weight (g) when the molded body is wet
- WO is the weight (g) after drying the molded body
- p is the molded body.
- M is the weight after drying of the molded body (g)
- Ww is the weight when the specific gravity bottle is full (g)
- Wwm is the molded body containing water and pure water in the specific gravity bottle It is the weight (g).
- the molded body was vacuum dried at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a dried molded body.
- the weight of the dried molded body was measured and used as the weight Wd (g) when the molded body was dried.
- the dried molded body was fired at 800 ° C. for 2 hours using an electric furnace to measure the weight of ash, and the weight of ash was Wa (g).
- Wa is the weight (g) of the ash content of the molded body
- Wd is the weight (g) when the molded body is dried.
- S is the specific surface area (m 2 / g) of the molded body
- W is the dry weight (g) of the molded body
- V is the
- IC_7000 (trade name) manufactured by Yokogawa Analytical Systems.
- ICS-A 2G (trade name) was used as the precolumn, and Yokogawa Analytical Systems Co., Ltd.
- ICS-A23 (trade name) was used.
- the solution contained 13.7 g of metal ions as zirconium. To this aqueous solution was added ferrous sulfate crystals (FeSO ⁇ 70 ⁇ ) 84.Og and dissolved with stirring. This amount is iron
- the black precipitate was filtered off with suction, washed with deionized water until the filtrate became neutral, and dried at 70 ° C or lower. This was pulverized with a ball mill for 7 hours to obtain an inorganic ion adsorbent powder having an average particle size of 2.8 ⁇ .
- the BET specific surface area of this powder was 170 m 2 Zg.
- the present spherical porous molded body had a porosity of 79%, a surface opening diameter of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ , a loading amount of 81%, a surface opening ratio of 54%, and a specific surface area of 62 m 2 / cm 3 . .
- Ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH, Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Soanol E 3803 (trade name)) 10 g, Polybul pyrrolidone (PVP, BASF Japan Ltd., Luvitec K30 Po wder (trade name)) 10 g, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMS ⁇ , Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) 80 g was dissolved in Separaflas by heating to 60 ° C. to obtain a uniform polymer solution. 95 g of the inorganic ion adsorbent powder produced in step 1 was collected and mixed well to obtain a slurry.
- PVP Polybul pyrrolidone
- DMS ⁇ Dimethyl sulfoxide
- the obtained composite polymer slurry was heated to 40 ° C and supplied to the inside of a cylindrical rotating container with a 5 mm diameter nose open on the side, and this container was rotated and subjected to centrifugal force (15G). Droplets were formed from Nozure and discharged into a coagulation bath made of 60 ° C water to coagulate the composite polymer slurry. Thereafter, washing and classification were performed to obtain a spherical porous molded body having an average particle size of 645 ⁇ .
- the present spherical porous molded body had a porosity of 80%, a surface opening diameter of 0.1 to: ⁇ ⁇ m, a loading amount of 82%, a surface opening ratio of 56%, and a specific surface area of 65 m 2 m 3 . .
- Ethylene butyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH, Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Soarnol E 38
- the obtained composite polymer slurry was heated to 40 ° C and supplied to the inside of a cylindrical rotating container with a 5 mm diameter nose open on the side, and this container was rotated to obtain a centrifugal force (17.5 G ), Droplets were formed from the nozzles and discharged into a coagulation bath made of water at 60 ° C to coagulate the composite polymer slurry. Further, washing and classification were performed to obtain a spherical porous molded body having an average particle size of 531 ⁇ m. This spherical porous molded body had a porosity of 79%, a surface opening diameter of 0.:! To 20 ⁇ , a loading amount of 89%, a surface opening ratio of 30%, and a specific surface area of 84 m 2 m 3 .
- Cylindrical hollow fiber cartridges having a membrane area of 0.15 m 2 having a skirt portion at the bottom of the adhesive resin portion and having both ends of the hollow fiber bonded and fixed with resin were prepared.
- the hollow fiber was a microfiltration membrane made of polyvinylidene fluoride and having a pore size of 0.1 lzm, and had an outer diameter of 1.4 mm and an inner diameter of 0.8 mm.
- 5 mm diameter through holes were opened along the hollow fiber.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of the water treatment apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1
- the MLSS concentration in the aeration tank remained at 10, OOOmg / liter.
- the pH adjusting agent addition mechanism 9 was used to adjust the pH to 3 by adding sulfuric acid.
- the pH-adjusted raw water was sent to the column 12 via the pipe 10 and the pump 11.
- the column 12 was filled with 0.1 L of the porous molded body produced in Production Example 2 and passed through at 1 liter / hr (SV10).
- Wastewater that was adsorbed and purified by phosphate ions was temporarily stored in the treated water tank 14 via the flow path 13, and discharged after neutralization using sodium hydroxide by the pH adjuster addition mechanism 15.
- the phosphate ion concentration in the treated water was 0.1 lmg-P / liter or less.
- valve c and valve h were closed to stop the feed of raw water.
- valve g and the valve b are opened, and the treated water in the treated water tank 14 is fed at 3 liter / hr (SV30) from the lower side of the column 12 through the flow path 16 and the pump 17 to the inside of the column 12.
- the adsorbent was developed and washed.
- the cleaning liquid was returned to the pH adjustment tank 8 through the flow path 18.
- the 5 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution stored in the desorption liquid tank 19 is sent to the column 12 via the flow path 20 and the pump 21 at 0.1 liter / hr (SVl) for 6 hours to
- the phosphoric acid ions adsorbed by contact were desorbed into the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and stored in the crystallization tank 23 via the flow path 22.
- the phosphate ion concentration in the crystallization tank 23 at this time was 570 mg_P / liter.
- the calcium hydroxide slurry stored in the crystallization agent tank 24 is added to the sodium phosphate aqueous solution stored in the crystallization tank 23 through a calcium hydroxide equivalent of 3 g / liter, the flow path 25, and the pump 26. Then, the mixture was poured into the crystallization tank 23 and stirred for 20 hours using a stirrer 27 to carry out a crystallization reaction for generating calcium phosphate crystals. After the completion of the crystallization reaction, the turbid liquid containing the crystallized calcium phosphate is passed through the flow path 28 and the pump 29 through a membrane separator 30 (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, ultrafiltration membrane, nominal molecular weight cut off 6 , 000) for solid-liquid separation.
- a membrane separator 30 Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, ultrafiltration membrane, nominal molecular weight cut off 6 , 000
- the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution after solid-liquid separation had a phosphate ion concentration of 10 mg_P / liter and a calcium ion concentration of lm g_Ca / liter.
- the concentrated calcium phosphate slurry separated by solid-liquid is circulated to the crystallization tank 23 via the flow path 31.
- the calcium phosphate slurry concentrated in the crystallization tank 23 was discharged from the valve i.
- an activation solution adjusted to pH 3 with sulfuric acid was prepared.
- the solution was sent to the column 12 via the flow path 34 and the pump 35 at 6 liter / hr (SV60), and contacted with the adsorbent in the column and circulated through the flow path 36 to the pH adjustment tank 33. Since the activation liquid comes into contact with the adsorbent in the column 12 and becomes alkaline, 50 wt% stored in the activation liquid storage tank 38 using the pump 40 linked to the pH controller 37 installed in the pH adjustment tank 33.
- the sulfuric acid aqueous solution was fed to the pH storage tank 33 via the flow path 39 and controlled in the pH range of 3-5. This operation was repeated for 9 hours to stabilize the pH in the column 12 at 5.
- the activation liquid was stirred using a stirrer 41.
- a, d, e, and f are valves, 32 is a flow path, and 42 is a sludge extraction pipe.
- the amount of sludge generated in the operation period of 3 months is 0.60 kg / kg_SS, which is lower than the amount of sludge generated in the standard activated sludge method, 0.7 kg / kg_SS.
- Membrane separation activity It was also confirmed that the amount of excess sludge generated, which is a feature of the sludge method, can be reduced.
- Example 4 Except for using the porous molded body produced in Production Example 4, the adsorption process, backwashing process, desorption process, crystallization process, and activation process were sequentially switched over under the same conditions as in Example 1. In the same manner as in Example 1, the phosphate ion concentration of treated water was stable for 3 months ⁇ lmg_P / liter or less I was able to achieve the following.
- the amount of sludge generated during the 3-month operation period was 0.58kg / kg-SS.
- the water treatment apparatus includes an aeration tank 301 having a tank force filled with a contact material as a biological treatment means, a sludge precipitation tank 302 as a sludge separation means, and a column 303 filled with a porous molded body as an ion adsorption means.
- a device connected in this way was used.
- the volume of the aeration tank was 18L in total, 3L from the 2nd tank to the 5th tank.
- Contact material 304 and air diffuser 305 were installed in all tanks.
- the contact material is made of polyvinylidene chloride fiber in the form of a loop of 1.5 cm in length, and a part of the loop is fixed to a plastic-coated copper core of 50 cm in length, and a 40 cm long and 8 cm outer diameter spiral. I made it.
- the capacity of the sludge settling tank was 5L.
- the column was filled with 0.1 L of the porous molded body produced in Production Example 2.
- Waste water 306 obtained by diluting the liquid food with water (BOD 700 mg / l n xylene value 50 mg / l) was added at 12 L / day. From the 1st tank to the 5th tank, air volume was 1 ⁇ : 1. Aeration was performed at 5L / min, and the DO was adjusted to 45 mg / l. At this time, HRT was 36 hours, MLSS was 3000 to 5000 mg / l, and it was observed that oil worms and earthworms adhered to the contact material. The sludge settled in the sludge settling tank was returned to the first tank by a pump at 20L / day. Drainage was continued for 3 months, but sludge was never extracted.
- the treated water 307 in which the supernatant of the sludge settling tank passed through the column with BOD 20 mg / l TP 5 mg / 1 was BOD 3 mg / l TP 0.1 mg / l or less.
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the wastewater treatment equipment used in this example.
- 51 is an aeration tank that is a biological treatment means
- 52 is a sludge precipitation tank that is a sludge separation means
- 53 is a solubilization treatment tank that is a sludge solubilization means (using a thermophilic bacterium method)
- 54 is an ion adsorption means This is a column packed with the porous molded body produced in Production Example 2.
- 55 is a membrane filtration device, and 56 and 57 are diffusers.
- the waste water 58 flowing into the aeration tank 51 had a BOD concentration of 200 mgZL.
- Wastewater was supplied to aeration tank 51 with an inflow of 70 LZ.
- the capacity of the aeration tank was 20L.
- the liquid flowing out from the aeration tank 51 was sent to the sludge settling tank 52 and separated into supernatant liquid and sludge.
- the sludge settled and separated in the sludge settling tank 52 is partly returned to the aeration tank 51 as return sludge, and the rest passes through the liquid feed line, and the suspended solid (SS) is 1% by weight at a flow rate of 0.8 L / day. It was sent to the solubilization tank 53.
- 0.05 L / min of air is sent to the solubilization tank 53 through the air pipe from the aeration unit, and the jacket of the solubilization tank 53 is heated to keep the temperature at 60 ° C so that the temperature can be maintained at 60 ° C. I put water in it.
- the liquid that passed through the solubilization tank 53 was sent to the membrane filtration device 55 while sending 10 L / min air from the air pump by installing a pump on the route of the liquid feed line.
- the sludge separated in the sludge settling tank 52 was appropriately sent to the solubilization treatment tank 53 by a pump.
- the membrane concentrate in the membrane filtration device 55 is sent to the solubilization tank 53 through the membrane filtration device concentrate line.
- the membrane filtrate was sent to the aeration tank 51 through the membrane filtrate line.
- the amount of membrane filtrate was 0.8LZ days.
- the membrane concentrate was sent to the solubilization tank 53 at 3 L / hr.
- the membrane module used in the membrane filtration device is SLP-1053 (membrane area 0.1 lm 2 , molecular weight cut off 10,000) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Corporation, a hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane made of polysulfone. did.
- Column 54 was filled with 0.1 L of a porous molded body.
- the water quality at this time was COD8mg / l, T_PlmgZl in the sludge sedimentation tank, and the treated water 59 that passed through the column was C0D7mgZl, T-P0.lmg / 1 or less.
- Trisodium phosphate Na PO ⁇ 12H 0
- a solution with a phosphorus concentration of 9 mg_P / liter was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a solution with a phosphorus concentration of 9 mg_P / liter, and a solution adjusted to pH 7 with sulfuric acid was used as a model solution, ie, an adsorption stock solution.
- Water was passed at a rate of 40 ml / hr (SV30). Sample the effluent (treatment solution) from the column every 30 minutes and measure the phosphate ion concentration (phosphorus concentration) in the treated water. (Adsorption amount) was determined.
- the adsorption amount change rate is expressed by the following equation.
- Adsorption amount change rate (50th adsorption amount) / (1st adsorption amount) X 100 [0263] As a result, the first adsorption amount was 940mg—P / L—adsorbent, the 50th adsorption amount was 910mg—P / L adsorbent, the adsorption amount change rate was 97%, and the adsorption capacity was almost the first and 50th adsorption. It was confirmed that the adsorbent was highly durable.
- the water treatment apparatus of the present invention combining the aggregation precipitation treatment and the ion adsorption treatment using the porous molded body produced in Production Example 2 as an adsorbent.
- the fluorine-containing wastewater 60 was treated with this device.
- the desorption liquid 65 used for desorption of fluorine adsorbed on the porous molded body by ion adsorption treatment is used for the desorption treatment, and then returned to the coagulation precipitation treatment as a desorption drain solution 66 containing desorbed fluorine. Then, the coagulation precipitation treatment is performed again.
- Waste water 60 containing 100 mg / L of fluorine was supplied to the water treatment apparatus 61 (coagulation precipitation treatment step) 61 of the present invention.
- the treated water after this coagulation and precipitation treatment had a pH of 1 l. This was adjusted to pH 3 with pH adjuster 63, and then packed with 8 ml of porous compact (ion adsorption treatment process) 62 (inner diameter 10 mm) was passed through SV20 for ion adsorption treatment, and the pH was adjusted to 7 to obtain the final treated water.
- the fluorine concentration in the final treated water 64 was less than lmg / L.
- a water treatment apparatus similar to that of Example 7 was produced except that the porous molded body produced in Production Example 6 was used as an adsorbent, and fluorine-containing wastewater was treated with this apparatus.
- Wastewater containing 80 mg / L of fluorine was supplied to the water treatment apparatus of the present invention.
- the treated water after this coagulation-precipitation treatment had a pH of 11 l. After adjusting this to pH 3, water was passed through the column (inner diameter 10 mm) packed with 8 ml of porous molded body with SV40 for ion adsorption treatment. line The final treated water was obtained. The fluorine concentration in the final treated water was less than lmg / L.
- H BO Boric acid
- a UF membrane (microfiltration membrane: molecular weight cut off: 150,000) was used as the filtration device 72 for pretreatment, and the water flow rate was 5 m 3 / day.
- the reverse osmosis membrane treatment was carried out with an apparatus 73 using a reverse osmosis membrane (a hollow type HR5355 (trade name) manufactured by Toyobo).
- the boron concentration in the water supplied to this device was 4.4 mg-B / g, and the boron concentration in the treated water was 1.9 mg-B / g. In other words, this treatment alone did not reduce the boron concentration directly below the WHO recommendation.
- Adsorbent used Porous molded body produced in Production Example 6
- Adsorbent layer thickness 600mm
- the water treatment apparatus and water treatment method of the present invention can be preferably used in various water purification fields.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hollow fiber cartridge used in the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the water treatment apparatus of Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of water treatment apparatuses of Examples 3 and 4.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of water treatment apparatuses of Examples 5 and 6.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of water treatment apparatuses in Examples 7 and 8.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of the water treatment apparatus of Example 9.
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Abstract
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US11/922,096 US7967984B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2006-06-13 | Apparatus for water treatment and method of treating water |
CN2006800214818A CN101198549B (zh) | 2005-06-14 | 2006-06-13 | 水处理装置和水处理方法 |
EP06766644.6A EP1900691B1 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2006-06-13 | Apparatus for water treatment and method of treating water |
IL187717A IL187717A (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2007-11-28 | Water treatment system and method of water treatment |
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JP2005174086A JP5062974B2 (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | イオン処理装置および方法 |
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JP2005174085A JP5062973B2 (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | 水処理装置及び方法 |
JP2005174082A JP5062970B2 (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | 廃水処理装置および方法 |
JP2005-174083 | 2005-06-14 | ||
JP2005174083A JP5062971B2 (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | 水処理装置および水処理方法 |
JP2005-174085 | 2005-06-14 | ||
JP2005174084A JP5062972B2 (ja) | 2005-06-14 | 2005-06-14 | イオン除去装置およびイオン除去方法 |
JP2005-174082 | 2005-06-14 | ||
JP2005-174086 | 2005-06-14 | ||
JP2005-174753 | 2005-06-15 | ||
JP2005174753A JP5062975B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 | 2005-06-15 | 水浄化システムおよび水浄化方法 |
JP2005-174754 | 2005-06-15 | ||
JP2005174754A JP5062976B2 (ja) | 2005-06-15 | 2005-06-15 | 排水処理装置および排水処理方法 |
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JP2015226910A (ja) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-12-17 | オルガノ株式会社 | 電気式脱イオン水製造装置 |
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CN116422315A (zh) * | 2023-03-27 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳聚立科技有限公司 | 一种臭氧催化剂制备方法及其应用 |
CN118598447A (zh) * | 2024-08-01 | 2024-09-06 | 浙江沃乐科技有限公司 | 一种含氟污泥的处理方法及系统 |
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IL187717A0 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
US20100264084A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
US7967984B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
KR20080016740A (ko) | 2008-02-21 |
IL187717A (en) | 2015-11-30 |
EP1900691A4 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
EP1900691A1 (en) | 2008-03-19 |
KR101005388B1 (ko) | 2010-12-30 |
EP1900691B1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
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