WO2005101598A1 - 半導体発光素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体発光素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005101598A1 WO2005101598A1 PCT/JP2005/007095 JP2005007095W WO2005101598A1 WO 2005101598 A1 WO2005101598 A1 WO 2005101598A1 JP 2005007095 W JP2005007095 W JP 2005007095W WO 2005101598 A1 WO2005101598 A1 WO 2005101598A1
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18305—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] with emission through the substrate, i.e. bottom emission
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- H01L33/36—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes
- H01L33/38—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape
- H01L33/382—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the electrodes with a particular shape the electrode extending partially in or entirely through the semiconductor body
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0421—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers
- H01S5/0422—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers with n- and p-contacts on the same side of the active layer
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
- H01S5/04257—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration having positive and negative electrodes on the same side of the substrate
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- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
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- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/62—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the semiconductor body, e.g. lead-frames, wire-bonds or solder balls
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
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- H01S5/0207—Substrates having a special shape
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- H01S5/0215—Bonding to the substrate
- H01S5/0216—Bonding to the substrate using an intermediate compound, e.g. a glue or solder
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
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- H01S5/0233—Mounting configuration of laser chips
- H01S5/02345—Wire-bonding
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
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- H01S5/0235—Method for mounting laser chips
- H01S5/02355—Fixing laser chips on mounts
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18386—Details of the emission surface for influencing the near- or far-field, e.g. a grating on the surface
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/2054—Methods of obtaining the confinement
- H01S5/2059—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion
- H01S5/2063—Methods of obtaining the confinement by means of particular conductivity zones, e.g. obtained by particle bombardment or diffusion obtained by particle bombardment
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
- H01S5/42—Arrays of surface emitting lasers
- H01S5/423—Arrays of surface emitting lasers having a vertical cavity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor light emitting device and a method for manufacturing the same.
- optical interconnection technology for transmitting signals within a system device and between devices by light has attracted attention.
- optical semiconductor elements such as a semiconductor light receiving element and a semiconductor light emitting element are used.
- a so-called back-emitting semiconductor light emitting device that includes a substrate and a plurality of compound semiconductor layers stacked on one main surface of the substrate and emits light from the other main surface of the substrate is disclosed in — JP-A-128481, JP-A-10-200200, and JP-A-11-46038.
- a portion of the substrate located below the light emitting region is partially thinned for the following purpose, and a portion maintaining the thickness of the substrate is formed so as to surround the portion.
- the first purpose is to prevent deterioration or loss of an optical signal due to light absorption of a substrate.
- a second object is to prevent the semiconductor light emitting device from being damaged or damaged when the semiconductor light emitting device is mounted on an external substrate by wire bonding or bump bonding.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor light emitting device having sufficient mechanical strength and capable of being miniaturized, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a semiconductor light-emitting device includes a multilayer structure that includes a plurality of compound semiconductor layers stacked, has first and second main surfaces facing each other, and generates light.
- Structure A first electrode disposed on the first main surface of the multilayer structure, a second electrode disposed on the second main surface of the multilayer structure, and a first main electrode of the multilayer structure covering the first electrode.
- the silicon oxide film preferably has a flat surface in contact with the glass substrate. Since the unevenness due to the first electrode is eliminated by the film having the silicon oxide force, the glass substrate is easily and reliably bonded to the first main surface of the multilayer structure via the film having the silicon oxide force. be able to.
- the multilayer structure includes, as a plurality of compound semiconductor layers, a first conductivity type contact layer, a first conductivity type first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer, a first conductivity type
- the first conductive layer may include a first clad layer, an active layer, a second conductive type second clad layer, and a second conductive type second DBR layer.
- the multilayer structure includes a multilayer region partially including the contact layer, the first DBR layer, the first cladding layer, the active layer, and the second cladding layer, and an insulating layer or semi-insulated surrounding the multilayer region. And a current constriction region. In this case, a surface-emitting type semiconductor light-emitting device can be obtained.
- the semiconductor light-emitting device may further include a first pad electrode disposed on the second main surface of the multilayer structure, and a through wiring penetrating the multilayer structure.
- the first electrode includes a wiring electrode electrically connected to a portion of the contact layer included in the multilayer region.
- This wiring electrode may be electrically connected to the first pad electrode via a through wiring.
- the second electrode may include a second pad electrode electrically connected to the second DBR layer. Since the first pad electrode and the second pad electrode are arranged on the side opposite to the light emitting surface, the semiconductor light emitting element can be easily mounted.
- the semiconductor light emitting device according to the present invention may further include a bump electrode disposed on each of the first pad electrode and the second pad electrode.
- the multilayer structure has a plurality of multilayer regions arranged in parallel!
- the semiconductor light emitting device may further include a light reflecting film provided on the second DBR layer and covering the multilayer region. Since the light reflected by the light reflection film is also emitted from the glass substrate, the light emission output is improved.
- the glass substrate may have a front surface and a back surface!
- the surface of the glass substrate may be fixed to a film made of silicon oxide.
- the back surface of the glass substrate may have a lens unit that receives light emitted from the multilayer structure.
- the lens portion may be recessed from the highest portion on the back surface of the glass substrate.
- a method for manufacturing a semiconductor light emitting device includes a step of preparing a semiconductor substrate and a step of providing a multi-layer structure for generating light on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the multi-layer structure is laminated.
- Forming a first electrode thereon forming a silicon oxide film so as to cover the first electrode, and optically transparent to light generated by the multilayer structure;
- a film made of silicon oxide is formed on the first main surface of the multilayer structure so as to cover the first electrode, and the film made of silicon oxide is fused to the glass substrate. After that, the semiconductor substrate is removed.
- a semiconductor light emitting device having a structure in which the glass substrate is fixed to the first main surface of the multilayer structure via the silicon oxide film can be easily manufactured.
- the mechanical strength of the multilayer structure is maintained by the glass substrate even when the plurality of compound semiconductor layers included in the multilayer structure are thinned. It becomes. Further, since it is not necessary to form a part maintaining the thickness of the substrate as in the above-described prior art, it is easy to reduce the size of the element. In addition, a glass substrate is used for the multilayer structure. Before fixing, the mechanical strength is maintained by the semiconductor substrate.
- the multilayer structure and the glass substrate can be bonded to each other without using an adhesive. Therefore, light emitted from the multilayer structure can reach the glass substrate without being absorbed by the adhesive.
- the method according to the present invention further includes a step of flattening the film having the silicon nitride force after forming the film having the silicon nitride force and before fixing the multilayer structure to the glass substrate. It may be. Since the unevenness due to the first electrode is eliminated by the film having the silicon oxide force, the glass substrate is easily bonded to the first main surface of the multilayer structure through the film having the silicon oxide force. It comes out.
- the step of removing the semiconductor substrate may include a step of removing the semiconductor substrate by wet etching.
- a step of forming an etching stop layer for stopping wet etching on the semiconductor substrate, and a step of removing the semiconductor substrate Removing the etching stop layer by wet etching.
- Forming the multilayer structure may include forming the multilayer structure on the etch stop layer.
- the multilayer structure includes a plurality of compound semiconductor layers as a contour outer layer of the first conductivity type, a first distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer of the first conductivity type, a first cladding layer of the first conductivity type, Layer, a second conductive type second cladding layer, and a second conductive type second DBR layer.
- the step of forming the multilayer structure may include a step of sequentially stacking a second DBR layer, the second clad layer, an active layer, a first clad layer, a first DBR layer, and a contact layer on a semiconductor substrate. No.
- the method according to the present invention comprises, after the step of forming the multilayer structure, surrounding the multilayer region partially including the contact layer, the first DBR layer, the first clad layer, the active layer, and the second clad layer, Alternatively, the step of forming a semi-insulated current confinement region in the multilayer structure is further updated. May be prepared. In this case, a surface-emitting type semiconductor light-emitting device is obtained.
- the step of forming the first electrode includes, after the step of forming the current confinement region, the step of forming a wiring electrode electrically connected to a portion of the contact layer included in the multilayer region. Is also good.
- the step of forming the second electrode may include a step of forming a second pad electrode electrically connected to the second DBR layer.
- a first pad electrode is formed on the second main surface of the multilayer structure, and the first pad electrode and the wiring electrode are electrically connected.
- the method may further include a step. Since the first pad electrode and the second pad electrode are arranged on the side opposite to the light emitting surface, mounting of the semiconductor light emitting element can be easily performed.
- a through wiring penetrating the multilayer structure is formed, and the first pad electrode is electrically connected to the wiring electrode via the through wiring.
- a subsequent step may be included. In this case, the first pad electrode can be reliably electrically connected to the wiring electrode.
- the method according to the present invention may further include a step of forming a light reflecting film covering the multilayer region on the second DBR layer.
- the light reflected by the light reflecting film is also emitted from the glass substrate, so that the light emission output can be improved.
- the back surface of the glass substrate may have a lens unit that receives light emitted from the multilayer structure.
- the directivity of the emitted light can be improved or parallel light can be obtained by the lens unit.
- the lens portion may be recessed from the highest portion on the back surface of the glass substrate.
- the glass substrate having the lens portion can be easily fused to the silicon oxide film.
- there is little restriction on the processing method of the lens so that the degree of freedom in lens design such as the lens shape is increased.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a semiconductor light emitting device according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a manufacturing step of the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a step of manufacturing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view of a semiconductor light emitting device according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic sectional view showing a manufacturing step of the semiconductor light emitting device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic sectional view of a semiconductor light emitting element array according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic sectional view of a semiconductor light emitting element array according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic plan view showing a semiconductor light emitting element array according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic plan view showing a semiconductor light emitting element array according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of an optical interconnection system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the semiconductor light emitting device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
- the semiconductor light emitting element LE 1 includes a multilayer structure LS and a glass substrate 1.
- the semiconductor light emitting device LE1 is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) of a back-side emission type that emits light from the glass substrate 1 side.
- the semiconductor light emitting device LEI is a light emitting device for short-range optical communication in a wavelength band of 0.85 m, for example.
- the multilayer structure LS includes a p-type (first conductivity type) contact layer 3, a p-type first Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR) layer 4, and a p-type 1 includes a clad layer 5, an active layer 6, an n-type (second conductivity type) second clad layer 7, and an n-type second DBR layer 8.
- a p-type 1 includes a clad layer 5, an active layer 6, an n-type (second conductivity type) second clad layer 7, and an n-type second DBR layer 8.
- an insulated or semi-insulated current constriction region 11a is formed.
- the current confinement region 11a is arranged so as to surround the multilayer region 12 partially including the contact layer 3, the first DBR layer 4, the first cladding layer 5, the active layer 6, and the second cladding layer 7.
- the current confinement region 11a extends from the contact layer 3 to the vicinity of the boundary between the second cladding layer 7 and the second DBR layer 8.
- the multilayer structure LS has a first main surface 61 and a second main surface 62 facing each other.
- the multilayer structure LS generates light when a voltage is applied, and emits the light from the back surface (light emitting surface) 62.
- insulating films 19 and 20 are formed, respectively.
- the insulating films 19 and 20 are made of, for example, SiN and have a thickness of
- the first DBR layer 4 and the second DBR layer 8 sandwiching the active layer 6 form a vertical resonator. Further, in the multilayer structure LS, the current supplied to the active layer 6 is narrowed by the current narrowing region 11a, and the light emitting region is limited. In other words, in the multilayer region 12 located inside the current confinement region 11a in the multilayer structure LS, the first cladding layer 5, the active layer 6, and the first layer 6 mainly sandwiched between the first DBR layer 4 and the second DBR layer 8. The two cladding layers 7 function as the light emitting region 1 lb. [0038] On the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS, the first electrode 21 is arranged.
- the first electrode 21 includes a p-side electrode (anode) 23 and a wiring electrode 25.
- the p-side electrode 23 is electrically connected to a region of the contact layer 3 located inside the current confinement region 11a through a contact hole 19a formed in the insulating film 19.
- the p-side electrode 23 is made of a laminate of CrZAu and has a thickness of about 1. O / zm. Note that the p-side electrode 23 is arranged so as not to block light from the light emitting region lib.
- the wiring electrode 25 is disposed on the insulating film 19 so as to be electrically connected to the p-side electrode 23.
- the wiring electrode 25 has a laminate strength of TiZPtZAu, and its thickness is about 1.
- the multilayer structure LS has a hole TH penetrating from the first main surface 61 to the second main surface 62.
- the insulating film 20 is also formed on the wall surface of the multilayer structure LS that defines the through hole TH.
- a through wiring 27 is provided inside the insulating film 20.
- One end 27a of the through wiring 27 is electrically connected to the wiring electrode 25 through a contact hole 20a formed in the insulating film 20.
- a p-side pad electrode 29 (first pad electrode) and a second electrode 31 are arranged on the second main surface 62 of the multilayer structure LS.
- the p-side pad electrode 29 has a laminate strength of TiZPtZAu, and its thickness is about 2 / zm.
- the p-side pad electrode 29 is formed so as to cover the through wiring 27, and is electrically connected to an end 27b of the through wiring 27 opposite to the end 27a.
- a bump electrode 41 is arranged on the p-side pad electrode 29, . The extraction of the anode-side electrode is realized by the contact layer 3, the p-side electrode 23, the wiring electrode 25, the through wiring 27, the p-side pad electrode 29, and the bump electrode 41.
- the second electrode 31 includes an n-side pad electrode 33 (second pad electrode).
- the n-side pad electrode 33 is electrically connected to the second DBR layer 8 through a contact hole 20b formed in the insulating film 20. Therefore, extraction of the electrode on the force side is realized by the n-side pad electrode 33 and the bump electrode 41.
- the n-side pad electrode 33 is made of a laminate of TiZPtZAu, and has a thickness of about 2 ⁇ m. On the n-side pad electrode 33, a bump electrode 41 similar to the p-side pad electrode 29 is arranged.
- a portion of the n-side pad electrode 33 covers the multilayer region 12 located inside the current confinement region 11a and the light emitting region lib included in the multilayer region 12, and the portion covers the light reflection film and Function. Note that a light reflection film may be provided separately from the n-side pad electrode 33.
- the film 10 is formed on the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS so as to cover the first electrode 21 (the p-side electrode 23 and the wiring electrode 25).
- the film 10 is made of silicon oxide (SiO 2) and emits light.
- the surface 10a of the film 10 opposite to the multilayer structure LS is flattened.
- the thickness of the film 10 is about 3 to: LO / zm.
- the glass substrate 1 is bonded in contact with the surface 10 a of the film 10.
- the glass substrate 1 has a thickness of about 0.3 mm and is optically transparent to emitted light.
- the contact layer 3 is a compound semiconductor layer and is made of, for example, GaAs having a carrier concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 19 / cm 3 .
- the thickness of the contact layer 3 is about 0.2 m. Note that the contact layer 3 also functions as a buffer layer.
- the first DBR layer 4 is a mirror layer having a structure in which a plurality of compound semiconductor layers having different compositions are alternately stacked.
- the 1DBR layer 4, the undoped AlAs layer, the carrier concentration of l X 10 18 Zcm about 3 AlGaAs (Al composition 0.9) layer and a carrier concentration of approximately 1 X 10 18 Zcm 3 AlGaAs (A1 composition: 0.2) layers are alternately stacked in 20 layers each.
- the thickness of the AlAs layer is about 0.1 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of each AlGaAs (A1 composition 0.9) layer is about 0.04 m, and the thickness of each AlGaAs (A1 composition 0.2) layer is about 0.02 ⁇ m.
- the first cladding layer 5 is a compound semiconductor layer and is made of, for example, AlGaAs having a carrier concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 18 / cm 3.
- the thickness of the first cladding layer 5 is about 0: Lm.
- the active layer 6 is a multiple quantum well (MQW) active layer having a structure in which different compound semiconductor layers are alternately stacked.
- the active layer 6 is configured by alternately stacking three AlGaAs layers and three GaAs layers.
- the thickness of each AlGaAs layer is about 0.1 ⁇ m, and the thickness of each GaAs layer is about 0.05 ⁇ m.
- the second cladding layer 7 is a compound semiconductor layer and is made of, for example, AlGaAs having a carrier concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 18 / cm 3.
- the thickness of the second cladding layer 7 is about 0: Lm.
- the second DBR layer 8 is a mirror layer having a structure in which a plurality of compound semiconductor layers having the same composition different from that of the first DBR layer 4 are alternately stacked.
- the second DBR layer 8 Carrier concentration are stacked one by 1 X 10 18 Zcm 3 about AlGaAs (Al composition 0.9) layer and a carrier concentration of approximately 1 X 10 18 Zcm 3 AlGaAs ( Al composition 0.2) layer and 30 layers alternately , And a non-doped GaAs layer is laminated thereon.
- each AlGaAs (A1 composition 0.9) layer is about 0.04 m, and the thickness of each AlGaAs (A1 composition 0.2) layer is about 0.02 ⁇ m.
- the GaAs layer functions as a buffer layer and has a thickness of about 0.01 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 3 to 11 are diagrams for explaining this manufacturing method, and show a vertical cross section of the semiconductor light emitting device LE1.
- the following steps (1) to (9) are sequentially performed.
- a semiconductor substrate 51 is prepared.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 is made of, for example, n-type GaAs having a thickness of 300 to 500 ⁇ m and a carrier concentration of about 1 ⁇ 10 18 Zcm 3 .
- the second clad layer 7, active layer 6, p-type first clad layer 5, p-type first DBR layer 4, and p-type contact layer 3 are sequentially grown and stacked (see FIG. 3). reference).
- the etching stop layer 53 is made of non-doped AlGaAs (A1 thread 0.5), and has a thickness of about 1.0 / zm.
- the etching stop layer 53 is formed so as to be located between the semiconductor substrate 51 and the second DBR layer 8.
- the A1 composition ratio of the etching stopper layer 53 is preferably set to 0.4 or more. This is because AlGaAs having an A1 composition ratio of 0.4 or more is difficult to be etched by an etchant used for etching GaAs described later.
- the multilayer structure LS and the etching stopper layer 53 are formed on the surface 81 of the semiconductor substrate 51.
- Step (2) Next, a resist film 55 is formed on the contact layer 3 (multilayer structure LS).
- the resist film 55 is patterned so as to have an opening at a two-dimensional position corresponding to the current confinement region 11a.
- Photolithography can be used to form the resist film 55.
- protons (H +) are implanted into the multilayer structure LS by an ion implantation apparatus. Protons are implanted near the boundary between the second cladding layer 7 and the second DBR layer 8. The region where the protons are implanted is semi-insulated, and as a result, a current constriction region 11a is formed (see FIG. 4).
- oxygen ions ( 02_ ) or iron ions (Fe3 + ) may be used instead of protons.
- the resist film 55 is removed.
- an insulating film 19 having a SiN force is formed on the surface of the contact layer 3 (multilayer structure LS) by a plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) method.
- a resist film (not shown) having an opening at a position corresponding to the p-side electrode 23 is formed on the insulating film 19.
- a resist film (not shown) having an opening at a position corresponding to the p-side electrode 23 is formed on the insulating film 19.
- a part of the insulating film 19 is removed using a buffered hydrofluoric acid (BHF) to form a contact hole 19a (see FIG. 5). Subsequently, the resist film is removed.
- BHF buffered hydrofluoric acid
- a resist film (not shown) having an opening at a two-dimensional position corresponding to the contact hole 19a is formed on the insulating film 19 again. Then, on the contact layer 3 exposed by the formation of the contact hole 19a, a p-side electrode 23 composed of a CrZAu laminated body is formed by vapor deposition using this resist film as a mask and a lift-off method (see FIG. 5). . Subsequently, the resist film is removed.
- a resist film (not shown) having an opening at a two-dimensional position corresponding to the wiring electrode 25 is formed. Then, using this resist film as a mask, a wiring electrode 25 made of Ti / Pt / Au is formed by a lift-off method (see FIG. 6). Subsequently, the resist film is removed. After that, sintering is performed in an H atmosphere.
- the film 10 is formed on the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS so as to cover the first electrode 21 (the p-side electrode 23 and the wiring electrode 25) and is flattened (see FIG. 7).
- the multilayer structure of the film 10 is used.
- the surface 10a located on the opposite side of the structure LS is planarized as the surface of the structure including the multilayer structure LS and the semiconductor substrate 51.
- the film 10 can be formed using a PCVD method or a coating method.
- “flat” does not necessarily mean that there is no unevenness at all.
- the glass substrate 1 and the semiconductor substrate 51 were overlapped via the film 10, and both were pressed and heated, so that the surface of the glass substrate 1 and the surface 10a of the film 10 were in contact with each other. If the glass substrate 1 and the film 10 are fused in the state, slight unevenness may be present.
- the glass substrate 1 is bonded to the semiconductor substrate 51 on which the multilayer structure LS, the etching stop layer 53, and the film 10 are formed (see FIG. 8).
- the glass substrate 1 is prepared, and one main surface (front surface) 71 of the glass substrate 1 is cleaned.
- the glass substrate 1 and the semiconductor substrate 51 are overlapped so that the cleaned surface 71 of the glass substrate 1 and the surface 10a of the film 10 are in contact with each other.
- the superposed glass substrate 1 and semiconductor substrate 51 are pressurized and heated, and the glass substrate 1 and the film 10 are bonded together by fusing each other.
- the pressure at which the glass substrate 1 and the semiconductor substrate 51 are superimposed is about 98 kPa, and the heating temperature is preferably 500 to 700 ° C. Since the uppermost film 10 on the semiconductor substrate 51 is made of silicon oxide, by applying pressure and heating under these conditions, the surface 10a of the film 10 is fused to the surface 71 of the glass substrate 1 to form a multilayer structure. The body LS and the semiconductor substrate 51 are fixed to the glass substrate 1.
- the surface 10 a of the film 10 that is released by the force of the surface 71 of the glass substrate 1 be also clean.
- the glass substrate used preferably has a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of GaAs. As a result, in the cooling step after heating, the stress generated between the semiconductor substrate 51 and the glass substrate 1 due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient can be reduced as much as possible. Can be minimized.
- Step (7) the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed. After the multilayer structure LS and the semiconductor substrate 51 are fixed to the glass substrate 1, the main surface of the semiconductor substrate 51 located on the opposite side of the glass substrate 1, that is, the back surface 82 is exposed. In this step, etching is performed from the back surface 82 side of the semiconductor substrate 51 to remove the semiconductor substrate 51 and the etching stop layer 53 (see FIG. 9).
- the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed from the etching stopper layer 53 by using an etching solution with a lower etching rate.
- the etching stopper layer 53 can be etched, and the etching stopper layer 53 is removed by using an etching solution with a lower etching rate than the GaAs layer of the second DBR layer 8.
- the glass substrate 1 on which the multilayer structure LS is mounted is obtained.
- aqueous ammonia (NH OH) and aqueous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O) were used.
- the combined glass substrate 1 and semiconductor substrate 51 are immersed in a mixed solution of NH 4 OH water and H 2 O water.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 is etched from the back side.
- the etching stopper layer 53 is exposed in the etching solution.
- the etch stop layer 53 (A1 Ga As) has a resistance to this etchant.
- the etch rate is very slow. Therefore, the etching stops automatically when the etching stop layer 53 is exposed. Thus, first, the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed.
- the HC1 solution it is preferable to heat the HC1 solution to about 50 ° C. in advance to increase the tuning speed. Since GaAs is hardly etched by HC1, only the etching stop layer 53 is etched this time, and the etching stops automatically when the GaAs layer of the second DBR layer 8 is exposed. Thus, the etching stop layer 53 is removed. Note that the semiconductor substrate 51 and the etching stopper layer 53 may be removed by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) instead of etching.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- a resist film (not shown) is formed on the second DBR layer 8 (multilayer structure LS).
- This The resist film has an opening at a two-dimensional position where the through hole TH is to be formed.
- the multilayer structure LS and the insulating film 19 are etched (wet-etched) until the wiring electrode 25 is exposed.
- a through hole TH is formed (see FIG. 10).
- As an etchant to be used hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid (HC1) are preferable. Subsequently, the resist film is removed.
- the surface of the second DBR layer 8 (multilayer structure LS) is insulated by SiN force by PCVD.
- a film 20 is formed (see also FIG. 10). As a result, the insulating film 20 is also formed on the wall surface of the multilayer structure LS that defines the through hole TH.
- a resist film (not shown) having openings at two-dimensional positions corresponding to the through wiring 27 and the n-side pad electrode 33 is formed on the insulating film 20. Then, using this resist film as a mask, the insulating film 20 is removed by BHF, and contact holes 20a and 20b are formed in the insulating film 20 (see FIG. 11). Subsequently, the resist film is removed.
- a resist film (not shown) having an opening at a two-dimensional position corresponding to the p-side pad electrode 29 (through wiring 27) and the n-side pad electrode 33 is formed. Then, using this resist film as a mask, the p-side pad electrode 29, the through wiring 27, and the n-side pad electrode 33 which also have a TiZPtZAu force are formed by a lift-off method (see also FIG. 11). At this time, the n-side pad electrode 33 is formed so as to cover the light emitting area l ib. Here, the p-side pad electrode 29 and the through wiring 27 are formed integrally. Subsequently, the resist film is removed. Then, H atmosphere
- the p-side pad electrode 29 and the through wiring 27 are formed integrally, the present invention is not limited to this, and they may be formed separately.
- the bump electrode 41 can be obtained by forming solder on the p-side pad electrode 29 and the n-side pad electrode 33 by a plating method, a solder ball mounting method, or a printing method, and performing reflow. Further, the bump electrode 41 is not limited to solder, but may be a conductive resin bump containing a metal such as a conductive bumper such as a gold bump, a nickel bump, or a copper bump.
- the contact layer 3, the first DBR layer 4, the first clad layer 5, the active layer 6, and the second clad layer Even if the pad layer 7 and the second DBR layer 8 are thinned, the multilayer structure LS (laminated contact layer 3, first DBR layer 4, first clad layer 5, active layer 6, second clad layer 7, and The mechanical strength of the second DBR layer 8) is maintained by the glass substrate 1. Further, unlike the conventional semiconductor light emitting device, a portion where the thickness of the substrate is maintained is not required. Therefore, the semiconductor light emitting device LE1 can be easily downsized.
- the glass substrate 1 can be bonded to the multilayer structure LS without using any other adhesive.
- the silicon oxide constituting the film 10 is optically transparent to light generated by the multilayer structure LS, similarly to the glass substrate 1. Therefore, the light emitted from the multilayer structure LS can reach the glass substrate 1 without being absorbed by the adhesive. As a result, it is possible to prevent the light emission output from decreasing.
- the film 10 is formed on the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS so as to cover the first electrode portion 21 (the p-side electrode 23 and the wiring electrode 25).
- the surface 10a located on the opposite side is flattened. Therefore, the unevenness due to the first electrode 21 disposed on the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS is eliminated by the film 10. As a result, the glass substrate 1 can be easily and reliably bonded to the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS via the film 10.
- the first electrode 21 includes a wiring electrode 25, the second electrode 31 includes an n-side pad electrode 33, and the wiring electrode 25 has a multi-layer structure through a through-hole wiring 27 penetrating the multi-layer structure LS. It is electrically connected to the p-side pad electrode 29 arranged on the second main surface 62 of the body LS. As a result, the P-side pad electrode 29 and the n-side pad electrode 33 are arranged on the side opposite to the light emitting surface, and the mounting of the semiconductor light emitting element LE1 is facilitated.
- the n-side pad electrode 33 (light reflection film) is formed so as to cover 1 lb of the light emitting region, the light reflected by the n-side pad electrode 33 is also emitted from the glass substrate 1. Become. Thereby, the light emission output can be improved.
- the film 10 is formed on the first main surface 61 of the multilayer structure LS so as to cover the first electrode 21, and the glass substrate 1 is formed on the film 10.
- the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed.
- the semiconductor light emitting element LE1 in which the glass substrate 1 is fixed to the multilayer structure LS via the film 10 can be easily manufactured. Since the glass substrate 1 remains even after the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed, the mechanical strength of the multilayer structure LS is maintained by the glass substrate 1 even in the subsequent manufacturing steps. Before bonding the glass substrate 1, the mechanical strength of the multilayer structure LS is maintained by the semiconductor substrate 51.
- the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the multilayer structure LS (laminated contact layer 3, first DBR layer 4, first clad layer 5, active layer 6, second clad layer 7, and second DBR layer 8) forming an etching stop layer 53 so as to be located between the semiconductor substrate 51 and the multilayer structure LS before forming (8); and, after removing the semiconductor substrate 51, etching the etching stop layer 53 by wet etching. Removing step. Therefore, an etching solution that can etch the semiconductor substrate 51 and cannot etch the etching stop layer 53 and an etching solution that can etch the etching stop layer 53 and cannot etch the multilayer structure LS are appropriately selected and used. Thus, the semiconductor substrate 51 is removed, and thereafter, only the etching stopper layer 53 can be removed. Therefore, the semiconductor substrate 51 can be reliably and easily removed while leaving the multilayer structure LS.
- the multilayer structure LS laminated contact layer 3, first DBR layer 4, first clad layer 5, active layer 6, second clad
- FIG. 12 is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of the semiconductor light emitting device according to the second embodiment.
- This semiconductor light emitting device LE2 differs from the semiconductor light emitting device LE1 according to the first embodiment in that a lens portion 72a is formed on the glass substrate 1.
- the semiconductor light emitting element LE 2 includes a multilayer structure LS and a glass substrate 1.
- the semiconductor light emitting element LE2 is a back-emitting VCSEL that also emits light on the glass substrate 1 side.
- the semiconductor light emitting element LE1 is, for example, a light emitting element for short-range optical communication in a wavelength band of 0.85 m.
- a lens portion 72a that receives light emitted from the multilayer structure LS is formed on the back surface 72 of the glass substrate 1.
- the other portion 72b in the back surface 72 is higher than the lens portion 72a. That is, the lens portion 72a is recessed from the highest portion 72b in the back surface 72.
- FIG. 13 is a view for explaining this manufacturing method, and shows a longitudinal section of the semiconductor light emitting device.
- Steps (1) to (9) are sequentially performed. Steps (1) to (5) are This is the same as steps (1) to (5) in one embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the glass substrate 1 is bonded to the semiconductor substrate 51 on which the multilayer structure LS, the etching stopper layer 53 and the film 10 are formed (see FIG. 13).
- the bonding method is the same as step (6) in the first embodiment. Specifically, a glass substrate 1 having a lens portion 72a formed on a back surface 72 is provided, and the front surface 71 of the glass substrate 1 is cleaned. Next, the glass substrate 1 and the semiconductor substrate 51 are overlapped so that the cleaned surface 71 and the surface 10a of the film 10 on the semiconductor substrate 51 far from the multilayer structure LS are in contact with each other. Subsequently, the superposed glass substrate 1 and semiconductor substrate 51 are pressurized and heated, and the glass substrate 1 and the film 10 are bonded together by fusing each other. The details of this bonding method are the same as those in the step (6) in the first embodiment.
- the alignment between the light emitting area l ib on the semiconductor substrate 51 and the lens portion 72a on the glass substrate 1 is performed by providing a marker on the back surface 72 side of the glass substrate 1 and using a double-sided exposure machine. This can be easily performed with the marker as a reference. Note that instead of providing a marker, the outer shape of the lens portion 72a may be used as a marker.
- Steps (7) to (9) are the same as steps (7) to (9) in the first embodiment, and a description thereof will not be repeated. Through these steps (1) to (9), the semiconductor light emitting device LE2 having the structure shown in FIG. 12 is completed.
- a multilayer structure LS (the stacked contact layer 3, first DBR layer 4, first clad layer 5, active layer 6, second clad layer 7
- the mechanical strength of the second DBR layer 8) is maintained by the glass substrate 1, and the miniaturization of the semiconductor light emitting element LE2 is easy.
- the lens portion 72a is provided on the glass substrate 1. As a result, the directivity of the emitted light can be improved, and parallel light can be formed.
- the lens portion 72a is formed so as to be recessed from the highest portion 72b in the back surface 72 of the glass substrate 1. For this reason, the glass substrate 1 on which the lens portion 72a is formed can be easily bonded to the multilayer structure LS. In addition, since the lens portion 72a can be processed before bonding, the degree of freedom in lens design is high, such as a lens shape that is less restricted by the processing method.
- the lens unit 72a includes the multilayer structure LS, the etching stop layer 53, and the film 10. It may be formed after bonding the glass substrate 1 to the semiconductor substrate 51. However, in consideration of the degree of freedom in lens design, it is preferable to bond the glass substrate 1 on which the lens portion 72a is formed in advance to the semiconductor substrate 51.
- These modified examples are semiconductor light emitting element arrays LE3 to LE6 in which a plurality of multilayer regions 12 including light emitting regions l ib are arranged in parallel. These light emitting element arrays LE3 to LE6 are so-called back emission type.
- a plurality of multilayer regions 12 are arranged one-dimensionally or two-dimensionally.
- the n-side pad electrodes 33 are electrically connected to each other.
- the multilayer structure LS (the stacked contact layer 3, first DBR layer 4, first cladding layer 5, and active layer 6) is the same as in the first and second embodiments described above.
- the mechanical strength of the second clad layer 7 and the second DBR layer 8) is maintained by the glass substrate 1. Further, since the pitch between the light emitting regions of 1 lb can be narrowed, it is easy to miniaturize the light emitting element arrays LE3 to LE6.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the optical interconnection system.
- the optical interconnection system 101 is a system for transmitting an optical signal between a plurality of modules (for example, a CPU, an integrated circuit chip, and a memory) Ml and M2, and includes a semiconductor light emitting element LE1, a drive circuit 103, an optical waveguide It includes a substrate 105, a semiconductor light receiving element 107, an amplifier circuit 109, and the like. As the semiconductor light receiving element 107, a back illuminated light receiving element can be used.
- the module Ml is electrically connected to the drive circuit 103 via a bump electrode.
- the drive circuit 103 is electrically connected to the semiconductor light emitting element LE1 via the bump electrode 41.
- the semiconductor light receiving element 107 is electrically connected to an amplifier circuit 109 via a bump electrode.
- the amplifier circuit 109 is electrically connected to the module M2 via a bump electrode.
- the electric signal output from the module Ml is sent to the drive circuit 103, and the semiconductor light emission is performed. It is converted into an optical signal by the element LEI.
- the optical signal from the semiconductor light emitting element LE1 passes through the optical waveguide 105a on the optical waveguide substrate 105 and enters the semiconductor light receiving element 107.
- the optical signal is converted into an electric signal by the semiconductor light receiving element 107, sent to the amplifier circuit 109, and amplified.
- the amplified electric signal is sent to the module M2. In this way, the electric signal output from the module Ml is transmitted to the module M2.
- a semiconductor light emitting element LE2 or a semiconductor light emitting element array LE3 to LE6 may be used!
- the drive circuit 103, the optical waveguide substrate 105, the semiconductor light receiving element 107, and the amplifier circuit 109 are also arranged so as to form an array.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
- the thickness, material, and the like of the contact layer 3, the first DBR layer 4, the first clad layer 5, the active layer 6, the second clad layer 7, the second DBR layer 8, and the like are not limited to those described above.
- the configuration of the multilayer structure LS is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be any configuration including a plurality of stacked compound semiconductor layers.
- the present invention can provide a semiconductor light emitting device having sufficient mechanical strength and capable of being miniaturized, and a method for manufacturing the same.
Abstract
Description
Claims
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EP05730372A EP1744417B1 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-12 | Semiconductor light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof |
DE602005013511T DE602005013511D1 (de) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-12 | Halbleiter-lichtemissionselement und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
KR1020067023479A KR101184775B1 (ko) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-12 | 반도체 발광 소자 및 그 제조 방법 |
US11/578,251 US7723742B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-12 | Semiconductor light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof |
US12/654,983 US8048700B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2010-01-12 | Semiconductor light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof |
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JP2004118205A JP4116587B2 (ja) | 2004-04-13 | 2004-04-13 | 半導体発光素子及びその製造方法 |
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US11/578,251 A-371-Of-International US7723742B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-04-12 | Semiconductor light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof |
US12/654,983 Division US8048700B2 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2010-01-12 | Semiconductor light emitting element and manufacturing method thereof |
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EP (1) | EP1744417B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4116587B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN100442614C (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW200603506A (en) | 2006-01-16 |
DE602005013511D1 (de) | 2009-05-07 |
TWI358179B (en) | 2012-02-11 |
KR20070011465A (ko) | 2007-01-24 |
EP1744417B1 (en) | 2009-03-25 |
CN1943086A (zh) | 2007-04-04 |
US20080031295A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
JP2005303080A (ja) | 2005-10-27 |
KR101184775B1 (ko) | 2012-09-24 |
JP4116587B2 (ja) | 2008-07-09 |
CN100442614C (zh) | 2008-12-10 |
EP1744417A1 (en) | 2007-01-17 |
US20100203660A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
EP1744417A4 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
US7723742B2 (en) | 2010-05-25 |
US8048700B2 (en) | 2011-11-01 |
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