JP7105612B2 - 画像表示素子およびその形成方法 - Google Patents
画像表示素子およびその形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7105612B2 JP7105612B2 JP2018097246A JP2018097246A JP7105612B2 JP 7105612 B2 JP7105612 B2 JP 7105612B2 JP 2018097246 A JP2018097246 A JP 2018097246A JP 2018097246 A JP2018097246 A JP 2018097246A JP 7105612 B2 JP7105612 B2 JP 7105612B2
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- electrode
- light emitting
- micro light
- image display
- layer
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 56
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- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002704 AlGaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000980 Aluminium gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004541 SiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様に係る画像表示素子は、マイクロ発光素子が、駆動回路基板上に配置されている画像表示素子であって、上記マイクロ発光素子は、光射出面の側から順に、第1導電層、発光層、および上記第1導電層と反対の導電型を有する第2導電層を積層した化合物半導体を備えており、上記光射出面と対向する他方の面に、上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極と、上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極とが配置されており、上記第2電極は上記発光層上に配置され、上記第1電極は、上記発光層と、他のマイクロ発光素子の発光層とを分割する境界の領域である分割領域に配置されており、上記第1電極の上記他方の面側の表面と上記第2電極の上記他方の面側の表面とが同一平面上にあり、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層よりなり、上記マイクロ発光素子の上記第2電極および上記第1電極のそれぞれが、上記駆動回路基板上の対応する第2駆動電極および第1駆動電極と接続されており、上記画像表示素子は、上記マイクロ発光素子と上記駆動回路基板の接合面において、上記マイクロ発光素子側および上記駆動回路基板側の一方に、電極を配置した領域を有している構成である。
上記の課題を解決するために、本発明の一態様に係る画像表示素子の形成方法は、マイクロ発光素子を含む画像表示素子の形成方法であって、成長基板上に、第1導電層、発光層、第1導電層と反対導電型の第2導電層を順に堆積し、化合物半導体を成長する工程と、上記成長基板上において、上記化合物半導体の上記発光層を上記マイクロ発光素子毎に分割する分割溝を形成する工程と、上記分割溝上に保護膜を堆積し、その表面を平坦化する工程と、上記発光層上に上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極を形成し、上記分割溝上に上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極を形成する工程を含み、上記第2電極および上記第1電極のそれぞれの表面は、平坦に形成されており、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層により形成される上記マイクロ発光素子の形成方法により上記マイクロ発光素子を形成する工程と、上記マイクロ発光素子を駆動する駆動回路を半導体基板上に形成する工程と、上記マイクロ発光素子を上記半導体基板の表面に貼合わせる工程と、上記マイクロ発光素子の上記成長基板を除去する工程と、上記化合物半導体における、上記半導体基板に貼合わせられた面とは反対側の表面に外部接続部を設ける工程と、を含む方法である。
以下に、複数のマイクロ発光素子100を光源として搭載する画像表示素子200を例に挙げ、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。なお、画像表示素子200は、複数のマイクロ発光素子100を画素領域1に有している。また、画像表示素子200は、マイクロ発光素子100に電流を供給し、発光させるための駆動回路基板50を備えている。マイクロ発光素子100の発する光は、駆動回路基板50とは反対側に射出される。
図1に示すように、画像表示素子200は、光を発するマイクロ発光素子100が、駆動回路基板50に、平坦な接合面(太い破線で示している)で貼合わせられた構成である。マイクロ発光素子100は、分割溝15によって発光層12が分割されている。画素領域1における発光層12が残された領域には、P側層13と接続するP電極19P(第2電極)が配置されている。また、画素領域1における分割溝15の領域(分割領域)には、N側層11と接続するN電極19N(第1電極)が配置されている。
実施形態1では、マイクロ発光素子100は1種類で有り、単色の表示素子であった。しかしながら、図6の(a)に示すように、画素5を青サブ画素6、赤サブ画素7、および緑サブ画素8より構成し、フルカラーの表示素子を形成することができる。各サブ画素はそれぞれ個別のマイクロ発光素子を有している。各サブ画素は、それぞれ青色光、赤色光、および緑色光を発光するマイクロ発光素子で構成しても良いし、青色光を発光するマイクロ発光素子と、波長変換層とを組み合わせて、赤色発光または緑色発光させても良い。
本実施形態は、マイクロ発光素子100a同士を分離する分離溝20が加わった点が実施形態1と異なる。分離溝20がマイクロ発光素子100aの周囲を覆い、マイクロ発光素子100aから隣接マイクロ発光素子への光の漏洩を防止することで、コントラストの低下を防止することができる。
本実施形態は、マイクロ発光素子100bが金属材料で囲われている点は実施形態2と類似であるが、金属材料の構成が異なる。図10にマイクロ発光素子100bの製造工程を示す。図10の(a)~(c)は、それぞれ図3の(a)~(c)と類似である。但し、P電極層10を省略している。
本実施形態では、マイクロ発光素子100cがVCSEL(Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting LASER;垂直共振器面発光レーザー)タイプのマイクロレーザー素子である点が異なる。マイクロLED素子に比べて、発光波長のスペクトルが狭く、指向性の高い表示が可能である。
本実施形態は、分離溝20によって、マイクロ発光素子100dが完全に分離されていない点と、マイクロ発光素子100dのN側層側壁を金属層が直接覆っていない点において、実施形態2と異なる。
本実施形態は、実施形態5と実施形態3とを組み合わせた構成である。本実施形態のマイクロ発光素子100eの構造と製造工程を図15~図17を用いて説明する。図15の(a)および(b)は、それぞれ実施形態2における図8の(a)および(b)と同じである。
本発明の態様1に係るマイクロ発光素子は、光射出面の側から順に、第1導電層、発光層、および上記第1導電層と反対の導電型を有する第2導電層を積層した化合物半導体を備えたマイクロ発光素子であって、上記光射出面と対向する他方の面に、上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極と、上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極とが配置されており、上記第2電極は上記発光層上に配置され、上記第1電極は、上記発光層と、他のマイクロ発光素子の発光層とを分割する境界の領域である分割領域に配置されており、上記第1電極の上記他方の面側の表面と上記第2電極の上記他方の面側の表面とが同一平面上にあり、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層よりなる構成である。
本発明は、以下のように表現することもできる。すなわち、本発明の一態様に係るマイクロ発光素子は、光射出面(第1面)側から順に、第1導電層、発光層、および第1導電層と反対導電型の第2導電層を積層した化合物半導体を有し、上記化合物半導体の発光層はマイクロ発光素子毎に分割されており、上記マイクロ発光素子の光射出面(第1面)と対向する他方の面(第2面)に、上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極と、上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極が配置されており、上記第2電極は上記発光層上に配置され、上記第1電極は上記分割領域に配置されており、上記第1電極および上記第2電極の表面は同材料で構成され、かつ、平坦である構成である。
本発明は上述した各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、請求項に示した範囲で種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。さらに、各実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を組み合わせることにより、新しい技術的特徴を形成することができる。
2 ダミー領域
3 外部接続領域
4 スクライブ部
5 画素
6 青サブ画素
7 赤サブ画素
8 緑サブ画素
9 成長基板
10、10-1、10-2 P電極層
11、11c N側層
12 発光層
13 P側層
14、14c 化合物半導体
15 分割溝
16 メサ
17、17e 保護膜
18P P溝
18N、18Na、18Nb N溝
19P、19P1、19P2、 P電極
19N、19Na、19Nd N電極
19O 外部接続電極
20 分離溝
21 N側コンタクト電極
22 残留N部
23 下部保護膜
24P Pコンタクトホール
24N Nコンタクトホール
25P 下部P電極
25N 下部N電極
26 ギャップ
27 遮光部
43 第1反射層
44 透明電極層
45 第2反射層
46 開口部
50 駆動回路基板
51 P側電極
52 N側電極
53 ダミー電極
54 外部接続部
55 絶縁膜
100、100a、100b、100c、100d、100e マイクロ発光素子
200、200a、200b、200c、200d、200e 画像表示素子
Claims (15)
- マイクロ発光素子が、駆動回路基板上に配置されている画像表示素子であって、
上記マイクロ発光素子は、 光射出面の側から順に、第1導電層、発光層、および上記第1導電層と反対の導電型を有する第2導電層を積層した化合物半導体を備えており、
上記光射出面と対向する他方の面に、上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極と、上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極とが配置されており、
上記第2電極は上記発光層上に配置され、
上記第1電極は、上記発光層と、他のマイクロ発光素子の発光層とを分割する境界の領域である分割領域に配置されており、
上記第1電極の上記他方の面側の表面と上記第2電極の上記他方の面側の表面とが同一平面上にあり、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層よりなり、
上記マイクロ発光素子の上記第2電極および上記第1電極のそれぞれが、上記駆動回路基板上の対応する第2駆動電極および第1駆動電極と接続されており、
上記画像表示素子は、更に、上記マイクロ発光素子が配置された画素領域の外側に外部接続領域が設けられており、上記画素領域および上記外部接続領域には上記化合物半導体が配置されており、上記化合物半導体の上記光射出面の上に、外部接続部が設けられていることを特徴とする画像表示素子。 - 上記単一の配線層は、 上記光射出面側に第1の金属材を配置し、上記他方の面側に第2の金属材を配置しており、
上記第1の金属材は、上記第2の金属材に比べて、反射率が高いことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の画像表示素子。 - 上記マイクロ発光素子は、上記他のマイクロ発光素子の少なくとも一部と接続していることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記マイクロ発光素子は、上記他のマイクロ発光素子と完全に分離されていることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記第1電極は、上記マイクロ発光素子の周囲を覆っていることを特徴とする請求項1から4までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記第1電極が、上記光射出面に達していることを特徴とする請求項1から5までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記マイクロ発光素子は、発光ダイオードであり、
上記発光層を上記他のマイクロ発光素子の発光層と分割する分割溝の側壁が、上記発光層のなす面に対して、45度±10度の範囲で傾斜していることを特徴とする請求項1から6までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。 - 上記マイクロ発光素子は、上記第2電極を複数有することを特徴とする請求項1から7までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記マイクロ発光素子は、垂直共振器面発光レーザーのレーザーダイオード構造を有していることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記外部接続領域には、上記外部接続部と、上記駆動回路基板の対応する電極を導通する為の外部接続電極が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から9までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記画像表示素子は、上記画素領域の外側に、発光しない領域であるダミー領域を有しており、上記ダミー領域には上記化合物半導体が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から10までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記画像表示素子は、上記画素領域の外側に、上記画像表示素子を個別に切り離す為のスクライブ部を有しており、上記スクライブ部には上記化合物半導体が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から11までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- 上記画像表示素子は、全面に上記化合物半導体が配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から12までの何れか1項に記載の画像表示素子。
- マイクロ発光素子が、駆動回路基板上に配置されている画像表示素子であって、
上記マイクロ発光素子は、光射出面の側から順に、第1導電層、発光層、および上記第1導電層と反対の導電型を有する第2導電層を積層した化合物半導体を備えており、
上記光射出面と対向する他方の面に、上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極と、上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極とが配置されており、
上記第2電極は上記発光層上に配置され、
上記第1電極は、上記発光層と、他のマイクロ発光素子の発光層とを分割する境界の領域である分割領域に配置されており、
上記第1電極の上記他方の面側の表面と上記第2電極の上記他方の面側の表面とが同一平面上にあり、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層よりなり、
上記マイクロ発光素子の上記第2電極および上記第1電極のそれぞれが、上記駆動回路基板上の対応する第2駆動電極および第1駆動電極と接続されており、
上記画像表示素子は、上記マイクロ発光素子と上記駆動回路基板の接合面において、上記マイクロ発光素子側および上記駆動回路基板側の一方に、電極を配置した領域を有していることを特徴とする画像表示素子。 - マイクロ発光素子を含む画像表示素子の形成方法であって、
成長基板上に、第1導電層、発光層、第1導電層と反対導電型の第2導電層を順に堆積し、化合物半導体を成長する工程と、
上記成長基板上において、上記化合物半導体の上記発光層を上記マイクロ発光素子毎に分割する分割溝を形成する工程と、
上記分割溝上に保護膜を堆積し、その表面を平坦化する工程と、
上記発光層上に上記第2導電層と接続する第2電極を形成し、上記分割溝上に上記第1導電層と接続する第1電極を形成する工程を含み、
上記第2電極および上記第1電極のそれぞれの表面は、平坦に形成されており、上記第1電極と上記第2電極とは共に単一の配線層により形成される上記マイクロ発光素子の形成方法 により上記マイクロ発光素子を形成する工程と、
上記マイクロ発光素子を駆動する駆動回路を半導体基板上に形成する工程と、
上記マイクロ発光素子を上記半導体基板の表面に貼合わせる工程と、
上記マイクロ発光素子の上記成長基板を除去する工程と、
上記化合物半導体における、上記半導体基板に貼合わせられた面とは反対側の表面に外部接続部を設ける工程と、を含むことを特徴とする画像表示素子の形成方法。
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