WO2004030065A1 - 基板処理装置 - Google Patents
基板処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004030065A1 WO2004030065A1 PCT/JP2003/012085 JP0312085W WO2004030065A1 WO 2004030065 A1 WO2004030065 A1 WO 2004030065A1 JP 0312085 W JP0312085 W JP 0312085W WO 2004030065 A1 WO2004030065 A1 WO 2004030065A1
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- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- processing apparatus
- substrate processing
- processed
- oxide film
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67098—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H01L21/67115—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a substrate processing apparatus, and more particularly to a substrate processing apparatus for performing processing such as film formation on a substrate.
- gate lengths of less than 0.1 m are becoming possible with advances in miniaturization processes.
- the operating speed of a semiconductor device improves with miniaturization.However, in such a very miniaturized semiconductor device, the thickness of the gate insulating film is reduced in accordance with the scaling law as the gate length is reduced by the miniaturization. It needs to be reduced.
- the thickness of the gate insulating film must be set to l to 2 nm or less when a conventional thermal oxide film is used. With a very thin gate insulating film, the problem of increased tunnel current and consequent increase of gate leakage current cannot be avoided.
- the relative dielectric constant is much larger than that of the thermal oxide film, and therefore, even when the actual film thickness is large, the film thickness when converted to the Si02 film is small.
- a 1 2O3, Z r O2, H f 02 and further, it is proposed to apply to Z r S i 0 4 or a high-dielectric "charge gate insulating film such as H f S i 0 4.
- H f S i 0 4 By using such a high dielectric material, it is possible to use a gate insulating film with a physical thickness of about 10 nm even in an ultra-high-speed semiconductor device with a gate length of 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
- a Ta 2 Os film can be formed by a CVD method using Ta (O C2H5) 5 and O 2 as a gaseous source material.
- the CVD process is performed in a reduced pressure environment at temperatures of about 480 ° C or higher. That.
- the formed T a 2 0 5 films are heat treated further in an oxygen atmosphere, the As a result, oxygen vacancies in the film are eliminated, and the film itself crystallizes.
- the sintered crystallized been T a 2 0 5 films exhibit a large specific ⁇ rate.
- an extremely thin base oxide film having a thickness of 1 nm or less, preferably 0.8 nm or less is provided between the high-dielectric gate oxide film and the silicon substrate. Is preferably interposed.
- the base oxide must be very thin; thicker ones offset the effect of using a high-k dielectric as a gut dielectric.
- a strong and very thin base oxide film must cover the surface of the silicon substrate uniformly, and it is required that no defects such as interface states are formed.
- a thin gate oxide film is generally formed by rapid thermal oxidation (RTO) treatment of a silicon substrate (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a high-speed semiconductor device 10 having a high dielectric gate insulating film.
- a semiconductor device 10 is formed on a silicon substrate 11, and Ta 2 0 5 , A 1 2 O 3 , Z r O2, H f O2, Z r S i 0 4, H f S i 0 4 such as a high dielectric gate insulating film 1 3 is made form a gate on top further the high dielectric Gut insulating film 1 3 Electrodes 14 are formed.
- the surface portion of the base oxide film layer 12 has a nitrogen content within a range where the flatness of the interface between the silicon substrate 11 and the base oxide film 12 is maintained.
- the oxynitride film 12 A is doped to form an oxynitride film 12A.
- the oxynitride film 12 A having a larger relative dielectric constant than the silicon oxide film in the base oxide film 12, the equivalent oxide thickness of the base oxide film 12 can be further reduced. .
- the thickness of the base oxide film 12 is preferably as thin as possible.
- the base oxide film 12 uniformly and stably with a thickness of 1 nm or less, for example, 0.8 nm or less, and a thickness of about 0.4 nm corresponding to 2 to 3 atomic layers, It was very difficult than before.
- the deposited high-dielectric film 13 is crystallized by heat treatment, and the oxygen deficiency is compensated.
- the thickness of the base oxide film 12 will increase, and the high dielectric gate insulating film 13 must be used.
- the effective decrease in the effective thickness of the gut insulating film was substantially offset.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a new and useful substrate processing apparatus that solves the above-mentioned problems.
- a more specific object of the present invention is to stably form an oxide film having a very thin thickness, typically a thickness of 2 to 3 atomic layers on the surface of a silicon substrate, and further nitrify the oxide film to form an oxynitride film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a substrate processing apparatus that can be formed.
- a more specific object of the present invention is to provide a substrate capable of stably forming an extremely thin oxide film having a thickness of typically 2 to 3 atomic layers on a silicon substrate surface and further stably nitriding the oxide film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cluster type substrate processing system including a processing apparatus.
- Another object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, improve the uniformity of the oxide film, improve the throughput, and prevent contamination. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processed substrate processing apparatus.
- the substrate to be processed is supported at a position facing the heater unit, and the holding member for holding the substrate to be processed is rotated, so that the temperature distribution of the substrate to be processed is kept uniform, Warpage can be suppressed, and film formation processing of a substrate to be processed can be performed stably and efficiently. Furthermore, by covering the inner wall of the processing vessel with an opaque case made of quartz, it is possible to improve the uniformity of the oxide film, improve throughput, and prevent contamination, and oxidize the inner wall of the processing vessel with ultraviolet light. In addition to preventing the temperature of the processing container from becoming high due to the heat insulation effect, the life of the processing container can be extended.
- the opaque case is formed to surround the periphery of the substrate to be processed held by the holding member, and the upper case is attached to cover the upper part of the side case. And a lower case attached so as to cover the lower part of the side case, and can be manufactured into an arbitrary shape according to the internal configuration of the processing space.
- the opaque case has the cylindrical case that covers the outer periphery of the heater section, heat from the heater section is prevented from being transferred to the outer periphery side, and heating of the substrate to be processed is prevented. It can be performed more efficiently.
- the inside of the processing space can be visually observed from the outside even when the ultraviolet rays are irradiated.
- the present invention by supporting the holding member in point contact with the lower surface of the substrate to be processed, it becomes possible to heat the substrate to be processed in a floating state. Even if the peripheral portion is heated to a higher temperature and warpage occurs due to a temperature difference, the substrate to be processed can be returned to a horizontal state when the calorie heat temperature becomes uniform.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a semiconductor device having a high dielectric gut insulating film.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a front view showing a configuration of a device disposed below the processing container 22.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a device arranged below the processing container 22.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing a configuration of a device arranged below the processing container 22.
- FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the configuration of the exhaust path 32.
- FIG. 8B is a front view showing the configuration of the exhaust path 32.
- FIG. 8C is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line BB.
- FIG. 9 is a side longitudinal sectional view showing the processing container 22 and its peripheral devices in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the inside of the processing container 22 with the cover member 82 removed, as viewed from above.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 12 is a front view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line CC in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a right side view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 16 is a left side view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure of the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87.
- FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle section 93 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle section 93 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged front view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle unit 93.
- FIG. 21 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the heater section 24.
- FIG. 22 is a bottom view showing the heater section 24 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 23 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a mounting structure of the second inlet 170 and the second outlet 174.
- FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure of the flange 140 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 25 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure at the upper end of the clamp mechanism 190.
- FIG. 26 shows the configuration of the control system of the SoC heater 114 and the SoC heater 114.
- FIG. 27A is a plan view showing the configuration of the quartz peruger 112.
- FIG. 27B is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the quartz peruger 112.
- FIG. 28A is a perspective view of the configuration of the quartz peruger 112 seen from above.
- FIG. 28B is a perspective view of the configuration of the quartz peruger 112 seen from below.
- FIG. 29 is a system diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust system of the pressure reducing system.
- FIG. 3OA is a plan view showing the configuration of the holding member 120.
- FIG. 3OB is a plan view showing the configuration of the holding member 120.
- FIG. 31 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a rotation drive unit 28 disposed below the heater unit 24.
- FIG. 32 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the rotation drive unit 28 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 33A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the holder cooling mechanism 234.
- FIG. 33B is a side view showing the configuration of the holder cooling mechanism 234.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotational position detecting mechanism 232.
- FIG. 35A is a diagram showing a non-detection state of the rotation position detection mechanism 2 32.
- FIG. 35B is a diagram showing a detection state of the rotation position detection mechanism 232.
- FIG. 36A is a waveform diagram showing an output signal S of the light receiving element 2688 of the rotation position detecting mechanism 2 32.
- FIG. 36B is a waveform diagram of the pulse signal P output from the rotational position determination circuit 270.
- FIG. 37 is a flowchart for explaining a rotational position control process performed by the control circuit.
- Fig. 38 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting location of the windows 75, 76 as viewed from above.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view showing the window 75 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing the window 76 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 41A is a plan view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 41A is a plan view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 41B is a side view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 41B is a side view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 42A is a plan view showing a configuration of the side case 104.
- FIG. 42A is a plan view showing a configuration of the side case 104.
- FIG. 42B is a front view showing the configuration of the side case 104.
- FIG. FIG. 42C is a rear view showing the configuration of the side case 104. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 42D is a left side view showing the configuration of the side case 104. As shown in FIG. 42D
- FIG. 42E is a right side view showing the configuration of the side case 104. As shown in FIG. 42E
- FIG. 43A is a bottom view showing the configuration of the upper case 106.
- FIG. 43A is a bottom view showing the configuration of the upper case 106.
- FIG. 43B is a side view showing the configuration of the upper case 106.
- FIG. 44A is a plan view showing the configuration of the cylindrical case 108.
- FIG. 44A is a plan view showing the configuration of the cylindrical case 108.
- FIG. 44B is a side longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the cylindrical case 108.
- FIG. 44C is a side view showing the configuration of the cylindrical case 108.
- FIG. 45 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the lifter mechanism 30 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 46 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the seal structure of the lifter mechanism 30 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 47A is a side view or a plan view showing a case where radical oxidation of the substrate to be processed W is performed using the substrate processing apparatus 20 of FIG.
- FIG. 47B is a plan view showing the configuration of FIG. 47A.
- FIG. 48 is a view showing a substrate oxidation treatment step performed by using the substrate processing apparatus 20. '
- FIG. 49 is a diagram showing a method of measuring a film thickness by XPS used in the present invention.
- FIG. 50 is another diagram showing a measurement method by XPS used in the present invention.
- FIG. 51 is a diagram schematically showing a phenomenon of oxidative enzyme growth stoppage observed when an oxide film is formed by the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 52A is a view showing an oxide film forming step 1 on the silicon substrate surface.
- FIG. 52B is a view showing an oxidation film forming step 2 on the surface of the silicon substrate.
- FIG. 53 is a diagram showing the leakage current characteristics of the oxide film obtained according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 54A is a diagram for explaining the cause of the leakage current characteristics of FIG.
- FIG. 54B is a diagram for explaining the cause of the leak current characteristic of FIG.
- FIG. 55A is a view showing an oxide film forming step 1 which occurs in the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 55B is a view showing an oxide film forming step 2 which occurs in the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 55C is a diagram showing an oxide film forming step 3 that occurs in the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 56 is a diagram showing a configuration of a remote plasma source used in the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 57 is a diagram comparing characteristics of the RF remote plasma and the microwave plasma.
- Figure 58 is another diagram comparing the characteristics of RF remote plasma and microwave plasma.
- FIG. 59A is a side view showing an oxide film nitriding process performed by using the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 59B is a plan view showing nitric treatment of an oxide film performed using the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- FIG. 60A shows the results obtained by using the remote plasma unit 27 to obtain an oxide film formed on a Si substrate to a thickness of 2.0 nm by thermal oxidation using the substrate processing apparatus 20 under the conditions shown in Table 2.
- FIG. 6 is a view showing a nitrogen concentration distribution in the oxide film when the film is nitrided.
- FIG. 6 OB is a diagram showing the relationship between the nitrogen concentration distribution and the oxygen concentration distribution in the same oxide film.
- FIG. 61 is a diagram showing an outline of XPS used in the present invention.
- FIG. 62 is a diagram showing the relationship between the nitriding time of an oxide film by remote plasma and the nitrogen concentration in the film.
- FIG. 63 is a diagram showing the relationship between the nitriding time of the oxide film and the distribution of nitrogen in the film.
- FIG. 64 is a diagram showing the fluctuation of each oxynitride film formed by nitriding the oxide film for each wafer.
- FIG. 65 is a diagram showing an increase in the film thickness due to the nitriding treatment of the oxide film according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a front view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view along line A-A.
- the substrate processing apparatus 20 includes, as described later, an ultraviolet light radical oxidation process for a silicon substrate and an oxide film formed by a hot ultraviolet light radical oxidation process.
- the configuration is such that radical nitriding treatment using high-frequency remote plasma can be performed continuously.
- the main components of the substrate processing apparatus 20 include a processing container 22 having a processing space defined therein, and a heater unit for heating a substrate (silicon substrate) inserted into the processing container 22 to a predetermined temperature. 24, an ultraviolet irradiation unit 26 mounted on the upper part of the processing vessel 22, a remote plasma unit 27 for supplying nitrogen radicals, a rotation driving unit 28 for rotating the substrate to be processed, and a processing space.
- a lifter mechanism 30 for raising and lowering the inserted substrate to be processed, an exhaust path 32 for depressurizing the inside of the processing vessel 22, and a gas (a process such as a nitrogen gas or an oxygen gas) inside the processing vessel 22.
- Gas supply section 34 for supplying gas).
- the substrate processing apparatus 20 includes a frame 36 for supporting each of the main components.
- the frame 36 is a three-dimensional combination of steel frames, and has a trapezoidal bottom frame 38 placed on the floor, and a vertical frame 40 standing upright from the rear of the bottom frame 38. 41, an intermediate frame 42 extending horizontally from an intermediate portion of the vertical frame 40, and an upper portion extending horizontally from the upper ends of the vertical frames 40, 41.
- the frame is composed of four and four.
- the bottom frame 38 has a cooling water supply unit 46, exhaust valves 48 a and 48 b consisting of solenoid valves, a tapo molecular pump 50, a vacuum line 51, and a power supply unit 5 for an ultraviolet irradiation unit 26. 2.
- the drive section 13 6 of the lifter mechanism 30 and the gas supply section 34 are mounted.
- a cable duct 40a through which various cables pass is formed inside the vertical frame 40.
- an exhaust duct 41 a is formed inside the vertical frame 41.
- an emergency stop switch 60 is attached to the bracket 58 fixed to the middle part of the vertical frame 40, and the temperature of cooling water is set to the bracket 62 fixed to the middle part of the vertical frame 41. Perform adjustment. Adjuster 64 is installed.
- the intermediate frame 42 supports the processing container 22, an ultraviolet irradiation section 26, a remote plasma section 27, a rotation drive section 28, a lifter mechanism 30, and a UV lamp controller 57.
- the upper frame 44 also has a gas box 66 connected to a plurality of gas pipelines 58 drawn from the gas supply unit 34, an ion gauge controller 68, an APC controller 70 for controlling pressure, A TMP controller 72 for controlling the turbo molecular pump 50 is mounted.
- FIG. 5 is a front view showing the configuration of ⁇ disposed below the processing container 22.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a configuration of a device disposed below the processing container 22.
- FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of ⁇ disposed below the processing container 22.
- 8A is a plan view showing the configuration of the exhaust path 32
- FIG. 8B is a front view showing the configuration of the exhaust path 32
- FIG. 8C is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line B-B.
- an exhaust path 32 for exhausting gas inside the processing container 22 is provided below the rear portion of the processing container 22.
- the exhaust path 32 is attached so as to communicate with a rectangular exhaust port 74 having a width dimension substantially the same as the width of the processing space formed inside the processing vessel 22. .
- the exhaust port 74 is formed so as to extend to a length corresponding to the width of the inside of the processing container 22, the gas supplied from the front part 22 a side of the processing container 22 to the inside is formed. As will be described later, the gas passes through the inside of the processing container 22 and flows backward, and is efficiently exhausted to the exhaust passage 32 at a constant flow rate (laminar flow).
- the exhaust path 32 has a rectangular opening 32 a communicating with the exhaust port 74, and the left and right side surfaces of the opening 32 a face downward.
- the outlet 32 e is connected to the inlet of the turbo molecular pump 50.
- the bypass outlet 32 g communicates with the bypass pipe 51 a.
- the gas discharged from the exhaust port 74 of the processing container 22 has an opening 32 a formed in a rectangular shape by the suction force of the turbo molecular pump 50. , Flows through the tapered portion 32, reaches the bottom portion 32c, and is guided to the turbo-molecular pump 50 via the main exhaust pipe 32d and the discharge port 32e.
- the discharge pipe 50a of the turbo molecular pump 50 is connected to a vacuum pipe 51 via a valve 48a. Therefore, when the pulp 48a is opened, the gas filled in the processing container 22 is discharged to the vacuum pipe 51 via the turbo molecular pump 50.
- a bypass pipe 51a is connected to the bypass outlet 32g of the exhaust path 32, and the bypass pipe 51a is connected to the vacuum pipe 51 by opening the valve 48b. Is communicated with. '
- FIG. 9 is a side longitudinal sectional view showing the processing container 22 and its peripheral devices in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of the inside of the processing container 22 with the cover member 82 removed, as viewed from above. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the processing container 22 has a configuration in which the upper opening of the chamber 80 is closed by a lid member 82, and the inside becomes a process space (processing space) 84. I have.
- a supply port 22 g through which gas is supplied is formed in a front part 22 a, and a transfer port 94 is formed in a rear part 22 b.
- the supply port 22 g is provided with a gas injection nozzle portion 93 force S described later, and the transfer port 94 is connected to a gut valve 96 described later.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 12 is a front view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 13 is a bottom view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a right side view of the processing container 22.
- FIG. 16 is a left side view of the processing container 22.
- the bottom part 2 2 c of the processing container 22 has an opening 73 into which the heater part 24 is inserted, and the above-described rectangular-shaped exhaust port 74. Is set up.
- the aforementioned exhaust path 32 is connected to the exhaust port 74.
- the chamber 80 and the lid member 82 are, for example, aluminum alloys processed into the above-mentioned shape by J processing.
- a first window 75 formed in an elliptical shape is disposed on the left side of the center of the right side surface 22 e, and a second window formed in a circular shape on the right side of the center of the right side surface 22 e. Since the substrate 6 is arranged, the state of the substrate to be processed held in the process space 84 can be directly observed from both directions, so that it is possible to observe the film formation state of the substrate W to be processed and the like. It is advantageous.
- the windows 75 and 76 are configured so that they can be removed from the processing container 22 when a temperature measuring instrument such as a thermocouple is inserted.
- a sensor suite 85 for measuring the pressure in the process space 84 is attached to the left side surface 2 d of the processing container 22.
- the sensor unit 85 is provided with three pressure gauges 85a to 85c having different measurement ranges, and can measure a pressure change in the process space 84 with high accuracy.
- curved portions 22h formed in an R shape are provided. This curved portion 22h prevents stress concentration and The gas flow injected from the gas injection nozzle portion 93 acts to stabilize the flow.
- the ultraviolet irradiation section 26 is attached to the upper surface of the lid member 82.
- two cylindrical ultraviolet light sources (UV lamps) 86 and 87 are arranged at predetermined intervals at a predetermined interval.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 have a characteristic of emitting ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 172 nm, and have a rectangular opening 82 formed in the cover member 82 and extending in the lateral direction. A position where the front half (left half in FIG. 8) of the process space 84 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays so as to face the upper surface of the substrate W to be processed held in the process space 84 via a and 82b. It is provided in.
- the substrate to be treated is irradiated from the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 extending in the shape of
- the intensity distribution of the ultraviolet light is not uniform and varies depending on the radial position of the substrate to be processed W. One of the distributions decreases toward the outer peripheral side of the substrate to be processed W, and the other decreases toward the inner peripheral side.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 independently form a monotonically changing ultraviolet intensity distribution on the substrate to be processed W, but the direction of change of the ultraviolet intensity distribution with respect to the substrate to be processed W is reversed. ing.
- the optimum value of the drive power can be obtained by changing the drive output to the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 and evaluating the film formation result.
- the distance between the substrate W to be processed and the center of the cylindrical core of the ultraviolet light sources 86, 87 is set to, for example, 50 to 300 mm, and preferably 100 to 200 mm. About 0 mm is good.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure of the ultraviolet light sources 86, 87.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 are held at positions facing the bottom opening 26 b of the housing 26 a of the ultraviolet irradiation section 26.
- the bottom opening 26 b opens at a position facing the upper surface of the substrate W to be processed held in the process space 84, and has a rectangular shape having a lateral width longer than the entire length of the ultraviolet light sources 86, 87. It is formed in.
- a transparent window 88 formed of transparent quartz is attached to a peripheral portion 26c of the bottom opening 26b.
- the transparent window 88 transmits ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 to the process space 84, and has a strength capable of withstanding a pressure difference when the process space 84 is depressurized. .
- a sealing surface 8 8a is formed in the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the transparent window 8 8 to be in contact with a sealing member (O-ring) 89 mounted in the groove of the peripheral edge 26 c of the bottom opening 26 b. ing.
- the sealing surface 88a is formed of a coating or black quartz for protecting the sealing member 89. This prevents the material of the seal member 89 from being deteriorated, thereby preventing the deterioration and securing the sealing performance, and also prevents the material of the seal member 89 from entering the process space 84.
- a stainless steel cover 88 b is in contact with the peripheral edge of the upper surface of the transparent window 88, and by increasing the strength when the transparent window 88 is clamped by the fastening member 91, the pressing force at the time of fastening is increased. This prevents the transparent window 8 8 from being damaged by pressure.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 and the transparent window 88 are provided so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas flow injected from the gas injection nozzle portion 93.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 and the transparent window 88 may be provided in a direction extending in the gas flow direction.
- the processing vessel 22 is provided with a gas inlet that injects nitrogen gas or oxygen gas into the process space 84 through a supply port 22 g opening to the front part 22 a.
- An injection nozzle portion 93 is provided.
- the gas injection nozzle 93 has a plurality of injection ports 93a arranged in a row in the width direction of the process space 84, as will be described later.
- a stable flow is generated inside the process space 84 so that the generated gas passes through the surface of the substrate W to be processed in a laminar flow state.
- the distance between the lower surface of the lid member 82 for closing the process space 84 and the substrate to be processed is set, for example, to 5 to 10 O mm, and preferably about 25 to 85 mm. ,.
- the heater section 24 includes a base 110 made of an aluminum alloy, a transparent quartz peruger 1 12 fixed on the base 110, and a quartz belt jar. Mounted on the top of the SiC heater 1 14 housed in the internal space 1 1 3 of 1 1 2, the heat reflecting member (reflector) 1 16 made of opaque quartz, and the quartz perg 1 1 2 And a SiC susceptor (heating member) 118 heated by the SiC heater 114.
- the SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are isolated in the internal space 113 of the quartz belger 112, and contamination in the process space 84 is prevented.
- the cleaning step only the SiC susceptor 118 exposed in the process space 84 needs to be cleaned, so that the trouble of cleaning the SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 is eliminated. It can be omitted.
- the substrate to be processed W is held by the holding member 120 so as to face above the SoC susceptor 118.
- the SiC heater 114 is mounted on the upper surface of the heat reflecting member 116, and the heat generated by the SiC heater 114 is held by the SiC susceptor 118 and reflected by the heat reflecting member 116.
- the heat is also applied to the SiC susceptor 118.
- the SiC heater 114 of this embodiment is approximately 700 when separated from the SiC susceptor 118 by a small force. Heated.
- the SiC susceptor 118 Since the SiC susceptor 118 has good thermal conductivity, the heat from the SiC susceptor 114 is efficiently transmitted to the substrate to be processed w to eliminate the temperature difference between the peripheral portion and the center portion of the substrate to be processed w. Thus, the target substrate W is prevented from warping due to a temperature difference.
- the rotation driving unit 28 includes a holding member 120 that holds the substrate W to be processed above the SiC susceptor 118, a casing 122 fixed to the lower surface of the base 110, A motor 128 for rotationally driving a ceramic shaft 126 coupled to the shaft 120 d of the holding member 120 in an internal space 124 defined by the casing 122; and a magnet coupling 130 for transmitting the rotation of the motor 128. It is composed of
- the shaft 120d of the holding member 120 penetrates the quartz veneer 112 and is coupled to the ceramic shaft 126, and the magnetic coupling 130 is provided between the ceramic shaft 126 and the rotation shaft of the motor 128. Since the driving force is transmitted in a non-contact manner via the motor, the configuration of the rotary drive system is compact, which also contributes to the miniaturization of the entire device.
- the holding member 120 has arms 120a to 120c extending radially in the horizontal direction (at intervals of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction) from the upper end of the shaft 120d.
- the substrate to be processed W is held in a state of being placed on the arm parts 120 a to 120 c of the holding member 120.
- the substrate to be treated held in this manner; 3 ⁇ 4W is rotated at a constant rotation speed by the motor 128 together with the holding member 120, thereby averaging the temperature distribution due to the heat generated by the SiC heater 114,
- the intensity distribution of the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 becomes uniform, and a uniform film is formed on the surface.
- -[Structure of lifter mechanism 30] As shown in FIGS.
- the lifter mechanism 30 is provided below the champer 80 and on the side of the quartz peruger 112, and is provided with a lifting arm 132 inserted into the chamber 80 and a lifting arm 132. It comprises an elevating shaft 134 connected to the arm 132 and a drive unit 136 for elevating the elevating shaft 134.
- the elevating arm 132 is made of, for example, ceramic or quartz. As shown in FIG. 10, the elevating arm 132 surrounds a coupling portion 132 a to which the upper end of the elevating shaft 134 is coupled, and an outer periphery of the SiC susceptor 118. And an annular portion 132b.
- the elevating arm 132 is provided with three contact pins 138a to l38c extending from the inner periphery of the annular portion 132b to the center at 120-degree intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the contact pins 138 a to l 38 c are lowered to positions where they fit into the grooves 118 a to l 18 c extending from the outer periphery of the SiC susceptor 118 toward the center, and are moved up and down.
- the arm 132 moves up above the SiC susceptor 118 as the arm 132 rises.
- the contact pins 138a to 138c are connected to the arms 120a to 120c of the holding member 120 formed so as to extend from the center of the SiC susceptor 118 to the outer peripheral side. They are arranged so as not to interfere.
- the elevating arm 132 contacts the contact pins 138a to 138c with the lower surface of the substrate to be processed W to remove the substrate to be processed. Lift the holding member 120 from the arm 120 a to 120 c. As a result, the mouth pot hand of the transfer robot 98 can move below the substrate W to be processed, and the lifting arm 132 descends to hold and transport the substrate W to be processed. Will be possible.
- a quartz liner 100 made of, for example, white opaque quartz is mounted inside the processing container 22 to block ultraviolet rays.
- the quartz liner 100 has a configuration in which a lower case 102, a side case 104, an upper case 106, and a cylindrical case 108 that covers the outer periphery of the quartz peruger 112 are combined, as described later.
- the quartz liner 100 covers the inner walls of the processing container 22 and the lid member 82 forming the process space 84, thereby preventing the thermal expansion of the processing container 22 and the lid member 82.
- the inner walls of the processing container 22 and the lid member 82 are prevented from being oxidized by ultraviolet rays, and have a role of preventing metal contamination.
- the remote plasma section 27 for supplying nitrogen radicals to the process space 84 is attached to the front portion 22 a of the processing vessel 22, It communicates with the supply port 92 of the processing container 22 via 90.
- a nitrogen gas is supplied together with an inert gas such as Ar, and by activating the nitrogen gas with the plasma, it is possible to form nitrogen radicals.
- the nitrogen radicals thus formed flow along the surface of the substrate to be processed, and nitride the substrate surface.
- oxidation, oxynitridation radical processes using O 2 , NO, N 20 , N 0 2 , NH 3 gas and the like can be performed.
- a transfer port 94 for transferring the workpiece SW is provided at the rear of the processing container 22.
- the transfer port 94 is closed by the gate valve 96, and is opened by the opening operation of the gate valve 96 only when the substrate to be processed W is transferred.
- a transfer robot 98 is provided behind the gate valve 96. Then, in accordance with the opening operation of the gate pulp 96, the mouth pot hand of the transfer robot 98 enters the process space 84 from the transfer port 94 to perform the work of replacing the substrate W to be processed.
- FIG. 18 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle section 93.
- FIG. 19 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle section 93.
- FIG. 20 is an enlarged front view showing the configuration of the gas injection nozzle section 93.
- the gas injection nozzle portion 93 has a communication hole 92 in the center of the front surface, through which the supply pipe 90 of the remote plasma portion 27 communicates.
- a plurality of injection holes 93 a to 93 a n are arranged in a row in the horizontal direction above the hole 92.
- a chirping plate 9 3 bi to 9 3 b 3 is attached. ⁇ hole 9 3 a ⁇ 9 3 a n, if example embodiment, a small diameter hole 1 mm, are provided in a 1 0 mm intervals.
- the injection holes 9 3 a ⁇ 9 3 a n consisting of small holes is not limited thereto, for example, may be provided with a narrow slit as the injection hole.
- the nozzle plate 9 3 b ⁇ 9 3 b 3 is fastened to the wall surface of the gas ⁇ nozzle part 9 3. Therefore, ⁇ hole 9 3 & 1-9 3 gas injected from a n flows in front of the wall surface of the gas injection Roh nozzle part 9 3.
- the if ⁇ hole 9 3 ai ⁇ 9 3 a n are provided in a pipe-shaped nozzle pipe, a portion of the injection hole 9 3 ai ⁇ 9 3 a n jetted from the gas nozzle A flow that wraps around the pipeline is generated, and a gas pool is generated in the process space 84, which causes a problem that the gas flow around the substrate W to be processed becomes unstable.
- the recess 9 3 c ⁇ 9 3 c 3 that acts as a gas pocket is formed. Since the recess 9 3 c 3 c 3 is provided upstream of the injection Iana 9 3 ai ⁇ 9 3 a n, the respective injection holes 9 3 a x ⁇ 9 3 a n forces et injected by the gas respectively the It is possible to make the flow velocity average. This makes it possible to average the flow velocity in the entire process space 84.
- the central gas supply holes 9 3 d 2 is formed in a position shifted laterally so as not to intersect the communication hole 9 2 is bent in a crank shape.
- the center of the gas supply holes 9 3 d 2 gas that is your flow by a first mass flow controller 9 7 a is supplied through the gas supply pipe 9 9 2.
- the gas supply hole 9 3 d 9 3 d 3 which is disposed on the left and right gas supply holes 9 3 d 2 is the second mass flow controller 9 7 b to I connection flow control gas is a gas supply pipe 9 Supplied via 9 9 9 3 .
- the first mass flow controller 9 7 a ⁇ Pi second mass flow controller 9 7 b is Ri Contact is connected to the gas supply unit 3 4 through the gas supply pipe 9 9 4, 9 9 5, gas
- the flow rate of the gas supplied from the supply unit 34 is controlled to a preset flow rate.
- the first mass flow controller 9 7 a ⁇ Pi gas supplied from the second mass flow controller 9 7 b is a gas supply hole 9 3 Di ⁇ 9 3 d 3 via the gas supply pipe 9 9-9 9 3 lead, after being filled into the recesses 9 3 c ⁇ 9 3 c 3, it is injected toward the process space 8 4 from the injection hole 9 3 a ⁇ 9 3 a n .
- the gas in the process space 84 is The air flows backward, and is exhausted to the exhaust passage 32 at a constant flow velocity (laminar flow). Further, in the present embodiment, since two systems of flow control are possible, for example, different flow control can be performed by the first mass flow controller 97a and the second mass flow controller 97b.
- the flow rate (flow velocity) of the gas supplied into the process space 84 so as to change the gas concentration distribution in the process space 84.
- different types of gases can be supplied by the first mass flow controller 97a and the second mass flow controller 97b.
- the flow rate of nitrogen gas can be controlled by the first mass flow controller 97a.
- the oxygen gas flow * lj by the second mass flow controller 97b.
- the used gas include an oxygen-containing gas, a nitrogen-containing gas, and a rare gas.
- FIG. 21 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the heater section 24.
- FIG. 22 is a bottom view showing the heater section 24 in an enlarged manner.
- the heater section 24 is made of an aluminum alloy base. Place the quartz peruger 1 1 2 on 1 10 and the flange 1 on the bottom 2 2 c of the processing vessel 2 2
- the 5 i C heater 1 14 and the heat reflecting member 1 16 are housed. Therefore, the SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are isolated from the process space 84 of the processing vessel 22, do not come into contact with the gas in the process space 84, and the contamination is reduced. The configuration does not occur.
- the SiC susceptor 118 is placed on the quartz perger 112 so as to face the SiC heater 114, and the temperature is measured by a piemeter 119.
- This mouthpiece meter 119 measures the temperature of the SiC susceptor 118 by the pyroelectric effect (picket electrical effect) generated as the SiC susceptor 118 is heated.
- the control circuit estimates the temperature of the substrate W to be processed from the temperature signal detected by the pie mouth meter 119, and controls the amount of heat generated by the SiC heater 114 based on the estimated temperature.
- the pressure reducing system operates so that the pressure difference between the process space 84 and the internal space 113 of the quartz peruger 112 decreases. And the pressure is reduced at the same time. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the quartz bar / layer 112 thicker (for example, about 3 Omm) in consideration of the pressure difference during the depressurization process, and the heat capacity is small, and the response during heating is correspondingly reduced. Enhanced.
- the base 110 is formed in a disk shape, has a central hole 144 through which the shaft 120 d of the holding member 120 is inserted in the center, and is formed to extend in the circumferential direction inside.
- a first water channel 144 for cooling water is provided. Since the base 110 is made of an aluminum alloy, it has a large coefficient of thermal expansion. However, the base 110 is rejected by flowing cooling water through the first water channel 144.
- the flange 140 is fitted to the first flange 144 interposed between the base 110 and the bottom 22 c of the processing container 22 and the inner periphery of the first flange 144. And a second flange 148.
- a second water channel 150 for cooling water extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the first flange 146.
- the cooling water supplied from the upper cooling water supply unit 46 flows through the water channels 144 and 150 to generate the base 110 and the base 110 heated by the heat generated by the SiC heater 114.
- the flange 140 is cooled to suppress the thermal expansion of the base 110 and the flange 140.
- a first inlet 154 through which a first inflow pipe 152 for flowing cooling water into the water passage 144 communicates, and an outflow pipe for discharging cooling water passing through the water passage 144.
- a first outlet 158 is provided to which the channel 156 communicates.
- a plurality of mounting holes 162 are provided in the circumferential direction for passing the bolts 160 fastened to the first flange 146. Has been.
- a temperature sensor 164 composed of a thermocouple for measuring the temperature of the SiC heater 114 and a power supply to the SiC heater 114 are provided.
- Power cable connection terminals (solton terminals) 166a to 166f for supply are provided.
- the heater 114 is formed with three regions, and the power cable connection terminals 166a to 166f are provided as a + terminal and one terminal for supplying power to each region.
- FIG. 23 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a mounting structure of the second inlet 170 and the second outlet 174.
- FIG. 24 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure of the flange 140.
- the first flange 146 is provided with an L-shaped communication hole 146a to which the second inlet 170 is connected.
- the end of the communication hole 146a communicates with the water channel 150.
- the second outlet 174 has the same configuration as the second inlet 170, and is connected to the water channel 150.
- the water channel 150 is formed so as to extend in the circumferential direction inside the flange 140, so that by cooling the flange 140, the water channel 150 is pinched between the step portion 146b of the first flange 146 and the base 110.
- the temperature of the flange 1 12a of the quartz peruger 112 is also indirectly cooled. Thereby, the thermal expansion of the flange portion 112a of the quartz peruger 112 in the radial direction can be suppressed.
- the lower part of the A plurality of positioning holes 178 are provided on the surface at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the positioning hole 178 is a hole into which the pin 176 screwed into the upper surface of the base 110 is fitted.
- the flange 1 1 When the base 110 having a large coefficient of thermal expansion thermally expands in the radial direction, the flange 1 1
- the pin 176 is formed to have a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the pin 176 so that a load is not applied to the pin 176. That is, the thermal expansion of the base 110 with respect to the flange portion 112a of the quartz bar 112 is permitted by the clearance between the pin 176 and the positioning hole 178.
- the base 1 since the flange portion 112a of the quartz peruger 112 has a radial clearance with respect to the step portion 146b of the first flange 146, the base 1 also has an amount corresponding to this clearance from this point. A thermal expansion of 10 is allowed.
- the lower surface of the flange 1 1 2 a of the quartz peruger 1 1 2 is sealed by a sealing member (O-ring) 180 mounted on the upper surface of the base 110, and the flange 1 1 2 a of the quartz The upper surface is sealed by a seal member (O-ring) 182 mounted on the first flange 146.
- first flange 146 and the second flange 148 are sealed by seal members (O-rings) 184 and 186 attached to the bottom 22 c of the processing container 22.
- the lower surface of the second flange 148 is sealed by a seal member (O-ring) 188 mounted on the upper surface of the base 110.
- a double seal structure is provided between the base 110 and the flange 140, and between the flange 140 and the bottom 22c of the processing vessel 22, and one of the seal members is broken.
- the sealing can be performed by another sealing member, the reliability of the sealing structure between the processing chambers 2.2 and the heater section 24 is further enhanced.
- the quartz peruger 112 is broken, or if the flange 112a is cracked, the inside of the quartz bell jar 112 is formed by the sealing member 180 arranged outside the flange 112a. Airtightness is secured, and the gas in the processing container 22 is prevented from flowing out.
- the processing container 22 and the base 110 are connected to each other by the outer seal members 186 and 188 mounted at a position farther from the heater 24. Since the sealing performance during the period is maintained, Gas leakage due to aging can also be prevented.
- the SiC heater 114 is mounted on the upper surface of the heat reflecting member 116 in the inner space 113 of the quartz peruger 112 and has a plurality of clamp mechanisms standing on the upper surface of the base 110. It is held at a predetermined height by 190.
- the clamp mechanism 190 includes an outer cylinder 190 a that contacts the lower surface of the heat reflecting member 116, a shaft 190 b that penetrates the outer cylinder 190 a and contacts the upper surface of the SiC heater 114, and a shaft 190 b. And a coil spring 192 for pressing the outer cylinder 190a.
- the clamp mechanism 190 has a configuration in which the S i C heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are sandwiched by the spring force of the coil spring 192.
- the S i C heater It is possible to hold the 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 so as not to contact the quartz bell jar 112.
- the panel force of the coil spring 192 always acts, screw loosening due to thermal expansion is prevented, and the ic heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are maintained in a stable state without rattling.
- each of the clamp mechanisms 190 is configured so that the height position of the SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 can be adjusted to an arbitrary position with respect to the base 110. S i by position adjustment. The heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 can be held horizontally.
- connection member 194 a for electrically connecting each terminal of the SiC heater 114 and the power cable connection terminals 166 a to 166 f inserted into the base 110 is provided in the internal space 113 of the quartz peruger 112. 194194f (however, connecting members 194a and 194c are shown in FIG. 21).
- FIG. 25 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the mounting structure at the upper end of the clamp mechanism 190.
- the clamp mechanism 190 is screwed into the upper end of the shaft 190b that is passed through the through hole 116a of the heat reflecting member 116 and the through hole 114e of the SoC heater 114.
- the L-shaped washers 197, 199 are pressed in the axial direction via the washer 195, and the SoC heater 114 is clamped.
- S i. In the heater 114, the cylindrical portions 197a and 199a of the L-shaped washers 197 and 199 are inserted into the through holes 114e, and the shaft 190b of the clamp mechanism 190 is inserted into the cylindrical portions 197a and 199a. You. Then, the flange portions 197b and 199b of the L-shaped washers 197 and 199 abut on the upper and lower surfaces of the SiC heater 114.
- the shaft 190b of the clamp mechanism 190 is urged downward by the panel force of the coil panel 192, and the outer cylinder 190a of the clamp mechanism 190 is urged upward by the panel force of the coil panel 192.
- the panel force of the coil panel 192 acts as a clamping force, the heat reflecting member 116 and the SiC heater 114 are stably held, and damage due to vibration during transportation is prevented.
- the through hole 114e of the SiC heater 114 has a larger diameter than the cylindrical portions 197c and 197d of the L-shaped pushers 197a and 197b, and is provided with a clearance. Therefore, when the position of the insertion hole 114 e and the position of the shaft 190 b are relatively displaced due to thermal expansion caused by the heat generated by the SiC heater 114, the through hole 114 e becomes the L-shaped pushers 197, 199 and the flange 197 b, l It is possible to shift in the horizontal direction while abutting on 99b, thereby preventing the occurrence of stress due to thermal expansion.
- the SiC heater 114 has a first heat generating portion 114a formed in a circular shape at the center, and an arc shape surrounding the outer periphery of the first heat generating portion 114a. And the second and third heat generating portions 114b and 114c. At the center of the SiC heater 114, an insertion mosquito LI 14d through which the shaft 120d of the holding member 120 is inserted is provided.
- the heat generating units 114 a to 114 c are connected in parallel to the heater control circuit 196, respectively, and are controlled to an arbitrary temperature set by the temperature controller 198.
- the heater control circuit 196 controls the amount of heat radiated from the SiC heater 114 by controlling the voltage supplied from the power supply 200 to the heat generating units 114 a to 114 c. Further, if the capacities of the heat generating portions 114a to 114c are different, the load on the power supply 200 increases, and therefore, in this embodiment, the resistance is set so that the capacities (2 KW) of the heat generating portions 114a to 114c are the same. Is set.
- the heater control circuit 196 generates heat by energizing the heat generating portions 114 a to 114 c simultaneously.
- Control method I and a control method of generating heat from one of the first heat generating portion 114a at the center or the second and third heat generating portions 114, 114c at the outside according to the temperature distribution condition of the processing target 3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4W.
- II and the heat generating portions 114a to 114c simultaneously according to the temperature change of the substrate W to be processed, or the first heat generating portion 114a or any one of the second and third heat generating portions 114b and 114c.
- the control method ⁇ ⁇ to generate heat can be selected.
- the peripheral edge is caused by a temperature difference between the outer peripheral side and the central portion. Parts may warp upward.
- the SiC heater 114 heats the substrate W through the SiC susceptor 118 having good thermal conductivity, so that the entire substrate gW to be processed is Thus, the temperature difference between the peripheral portion and the central portion of the substrate to be processed W is suppressed to a small value, and the substrate to be processed W is prevented from warping.
- FIG. 27A is a plan view showing the structure of the quartz peruger 112
- FIG. 27B is a longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of the quartz peruger 112.
- FIG. 28A is a perspective view of the configuration of the quartz peruger 112 viewed from above
- FIG. 28B is a perspective view of the configuration of the quartz peruger 112 viewed from below.
- the quartz peruger 112 is formed of transparent quartz, and has a cylindrical portion 112b formed above the above-mentioned flange portion 112a.
- a top plate 112c that covers the upper side of the cylindrical portion 112b, a hollow portion 112d that extends below the center of the top plate 112c, and a reinforcing member that is laid across an opening formed inside the flange portion 112a.
- the flange 112a and the top plate 112c receive a load, they are formed thicker than the cylindrical portion 112b.
- the vertically extending hollow portion 112d and the horizontally extending beam portion 112e intersect inside the quartz peruger 112, the strength in the vertical and radial directions is increased. I have.
- a lower end portion of the hollow portion 112d is connected to an intermediate position of the beam portion 112e, and the through hole 112f in the hollow portion 112d also penetrates the beam portion 112e. This The shaft 120d of the holding member 120 is inserted into the through hole 112f.
- the above-mentioned SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are inserted into the internal space 113 of the quartz veneer roller 112. Further, although the SiC heater 114 and the heat reflecting member 116 are formed in a disk shape, they can be divided into an arc shape, and after being inserted into the internal space 113 avoiding the beam portion 1 12 e. Assembled.
- bosses 112 g to 112 i for supporting the SiC susceptor 118 protrude from the top plate 112 c of the quartz peruger 112 at three locations (120 ° intervals). Therefore, the S i C susceptor 118 supported by the bosses 112 g to 112 i is placed so as to slightly float from the top plate 112 c. For this reason, even if the internal pressure of the processing container 22 changes or the temperature changes, the ic susceptor 118 is prevented from coming into contact with the top plate 112c even if it moves downward.
- the internal pressure of the quartz peruger 112 is controlled by a depressurization system so that the difference between the internal pressure of the process space 84 and the pressure of the process space 84 of the processing vessel 22 is 5 OTorr or less, as described later. It is possible to make the thickness of 1 12 relatively thin. As a result, the thickness of the top plate 112c can be reduced to about 6 to 1 Onmi, so that the heat capacity of the quartz peruger 112 is reduced, and the responsiveness can be improved by increasing the heat conduction efficiency during heating. Will be possible.
- the quartz peruger 112 of this embodiment is designed to have a strength to withstand the pressure of 100 Torr.
- FIG. 29 is a system diagram showing a configuration of an exhaust system of the pressure reducing system.
- the process space 84 of the processing container 22 is subjected to the suction force of the terpomolecular pump 50 via the exhaust path 32 connected to the exhaust port 74 by opening the valve 48a.
- the pressure is reduced.
- the downstream side of the vacuum pipe 51 connected to the exhaust port of the turbo-molecular pump 50 is connected to a pump (MBP) 201 for sucking the exhausted gas.
- MBP pump
- the internal space 113 of the quartz peruger 2 is connected to the bypass pipe 51 a via the exhaust pipe 202, and the internal space 124 defined by the casing 122 of the rotary drive 28 is bypassed via the air pipe 204. It is connected to conduit 51a.
- a pressure gauge 205 for measuring the pressure in the internal space 113 and a quartz A valve 206 that is opened when the internal space 113 of the Perugia 112 is depressurized is provided.
- the bypass pipe 51a is provided with the norb 48b, and the branch pipe 208 is provided to bypass the valve 48b.
- the branch pipe 208 is provided with a valve 210 that is opened at an initial stage of the pressure reducing step, and a variable throttle 211 for reducing the flow rate more than the valve 48b.
- an opening / closing valve 2 12 and a pressure gauge 2 14 for measuring the pressure on the exhaust side are provided on the exhaust side of the turbo molecular pump 50.
- a check valve 2 18, a throttle 2 220, and a valve 2 222 are provided in a turbo line 2 16 in which an N 2 line for turbo shaft purging is connected to a turbo molecular pump 50. .
- the pulp 206, 210, 211, 222 is composed of a solenoid valve, and is opened by a control signal from a control circuit.
- the quartz peruger 112 and the rotary drive unit 28 instead of reducing the pressure all at once, gradually reducing the pressure gradually and gradually.
- the pressure is reduced so as to approach.
- the space between the inner space 113 of the quartz verger 112 and the process space 84 is improved.
- a communication state is established through the air path 32, and the pressure is made uniform. This reduces the pressure difference between the inner space 113 of the quartz peruger 112 and the process space 84 at the start of the pressure reduction step.
- valve 210 provided in the branch conduit 208 is opened to reduce the pressure by the small flow rate restricted by the variable restrictor 211. Thereafter, the pulp 48b provided in the bypass pipe 5la is opened to gradually increase the exhaust flow rate.
- the pressure of the quartz peruger 112 measured by the pressure gauge 205 and the pressure of the process space 84 measured by the pressure gauges 85a to 85c of the sensor unit 85 are compared.
- the pressure difference is less than 50 Torr, open valve 48.
- the pressure reducing step the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the quartz bell jar 112 is alleviated, and the pressure reducing step is performed so that unnecessary stress does not act on the quartz bell jar 112.
- the valve 48a is opened to increase the exhaust flow rate by the suction force of the turbo molecular pump 50, and the processing vessel 22, the quartz bell jar 112, the rotary drive The pressure inside the moving part 28 is reduced to a vacuum.
- FIG. 30A is a plan view showing the configuration of the holding member 120
- FIG. 30B is a side view showing the configuration of the holding member 120.
- the holding member 120 has an arm 120 a to 120 c supporting the substrate W to be processed, and a shaft 120 d to which the arms 120 a to 120 c are connected. It is composed of The arms 120 a to 120 c are formed of transparent quartz in order to prevent contamination in the process space 84 and not to shield heat from the SiC susceptor 118. It extends radially in the horizontal direction at 120 degree intervals with the upper end of d as the central axis.
- bosses 120e to 120g that abut on the lower surface of the substrate W to be protruded protrude from intermediate positions in the longitudinal direction of the arms 120a to 120c. Therefore, the substrate to be processed W is supported at three points where the bosses 120e to 120g abut.
- the holding member 120 is configured to support the substrate to be processed W by point contact, the substrate to be processed W can be held at a position separated from the SiC susceptor 118 by a small distance. .
- the distance between the SiC susceptor 118 and the substrate to be processed is, for example, 1 to 20 mm, and preferably about 3 to 1 Omm.
- the substrate W to be processed rotates while floating above the SiC susceptor 118, and the heat from the SiC susceptor 118 is higher than when the substrate W is directly placed on the SiC susceptor 118.
- the substrate to be treated 3 ⁇ 4W is held at a position separated from the SiC susceptor 118, it does not contact the SiC susceptor 118 even if warpage occurs due to a temperature difference, and the temperature is kept constant at regular times. It is possible to return to the original horizontal state.
- the shaft 120d of the holding member 120 is formed of opaque quartz in a rod shape, and extends downward through the SiC susceptor 118 and the through hole 112f of the quartz peruger 112. As described above, the holding member 120 holds the substrate W to be processed in the process space 84. However, since the holding member 120 is formed of quartz, it is less likely to be contaminated than a metal member. (6) Here, the configuration of the rotation drive unit 28 will be described in detail.
- FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the rotation drive unit 28 disposed below the heater unit 24.
- FIG. 32 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing the rotation drive unit 28.
- a holder 230 for supporting the rotation drive unit 28 is fastened to the lower surface of the base 110 of the heater unit 24.
- the holder 230 is provided with a rotation position detection mechanism 2 32 and a holder cooling mechanism 2 34. Further, a ceramic shaft 126 to which the shaft 120 d of the holding member 120 is fixed is inserted below the holder 230 to rotatably support the ceramic shaft 126.
- the fixed casing 122 holding the ceramic bearings 23 6 and 23 7 is fixed by a bolt 240.
- the casing 122 has a flange 242 through which the bolt 240 is passed, and a bottomed cylindrical partition 244 extending below the flange 238.
- An exhaust port 246 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the partition wall 244 to which the exhaust pipe 204 of the pressure reducing system described above communicates, and the gas in the internal space 124 of the casing 122 is provided. Is exhausted and decompressed in the decompression step by the above-described decompression system. Therefore, the gas in the process space 84 is prevented from flowing out along the axis 120d of the holding member 120.
- the driven space magnet 248 of the magnet coupling 130 is accommodated in the internal space 124.
- the driven magnet 248 is covered with a magnet cover 250 fitted around the outer periphery of the ceramic shaft 126 to prevent contamination, and is connected to the gas in the internal space 124. Mounted so that they do not touch.
- the magnet cover 250 is a ring-shaped cover made of an aluminum alloy, and has a ring-shaped space housed therein. It is housed in a state without rattling. The joints of the magnet cover 250 are joined without gaps by electron beam welding, and silver flows out as in the case of welding, etc., and contamination occurs. It has been processed so that no rust occurs.
- a cylindrical air-side rotating portion 252 is provided on the outer periphery of the casing 122 so as to fit therewith, and is rotatably supported via bearings 255, 255. Have been.
- a drive-side magnet 256 of the magnet coupling 130 is attached to the inner periphery of the atmosphere-side rotating portion 252.
- the lower end portion 25a of the atmosphere-side rotating portion 252 is connected to the drive shaft 128a of the motor 128 via a transmission member 255. Therefore, the rotational driving force of the motor 128 is set between the driving magnet 2556 provided in the atmosphere-side rotating portion 252 and the driven magnet 2448 provided inside the casing 122. It is transmitted to the ceramic shaft 126 through the magnetic force and transmitted to the holding member 120 and the substrate W to be processed.
- a rotation detection unit 258 for detecting the rotation of the atmosphere-side rotating unit 252 is provided outside the atmosphere-side rotating unit 252.
- the rotation detecting unit 258 is composed of a disk-shaped slit plate 260, 261, which is attached to the outer periphery of the lower end of the air-side rotating unit 252, and a rotation of the slit plate 260, 261, It consists of photointerrupters 262 and 263 that detect the quantity optically.
- the photo interrupters 26 2 and 26 3 are fixed to the fixed casing 122 by a bracket 26 4.
- a pulse corresponding to the number of rotations is simultaneously detected from the pair of photointerrupters 262, 263. Therefore, the rotation detection accuracy is determined by comparing the two pulses. Can be increased.
- FIG. 33A is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the holder cooling mechanism 234, and FIG. 33B is a side view showing the configuration of the holder cooling mechanism 234.
- the holder cooling mechanism 234 has a water channel 230a for cooling water extending in the circumferential direction inside the holder 230.
- the cooling water supply port 230b is connected to one end of the water channel 230a, and the cooling water discharge port 230c is connected to the other end of the water channel 230a.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotational position detecting mechanism 232.
- one side of the holder 230 is attached with a light emitting element 266, and the other side of the holder 230 receives light from the light emitting element 266.
- Light receiving element 268 is mounted.
- a central hole 230d through which the shaft 120d of the holding member 120 is inserted is vertically penetrated.
- the light emitting element 266 is inserted into the end of one through hole 230 e, and the light receiving element 268 is inserted into the end of the other through hole 230 f. Since the axis 120 d is inserted between the through holes 230 e and 230 f, the rotational position of the axis 120 d is detected from the output change of the light receiving element 2668 It becomes possible.
- FIG. 35A is a diagram illustrating a non-detection state of the rotation position detection mechanism 232
- FIG. 35B is a diagram illustrating a detection state of the rotation position detection mechanism 232.
- the shaft 120 d of the holding member 120 has a tangential chamfering process on the outer periphery.
- the chamfered portion 120 i is rotated to an intermediate position between the light emitting element 2666 and the light receiving element 2668, the light becomes parallel to the light emitted from the light emitting element 260.
- the light from the light emitting element 266 passes the side of the chamfered portion 120i and is irradiated on the light receiving element 268.
- the output signal S of the light receiving element 268 is turned on (that is, supplied to the rotational position determination circuit 270).
- FIG. 36A is a waveform diagram showing the output signal S of the light-receiving element 268 of the rotation position detection mechanism 2 32
- FIG. 36B is a pulse signal P output from the rotation position determination circuit 270.
- the light receiving element 268 is moved by the rotation position of the shaft 120d.
- the amount of light received from the light emitting element 266 changes parabolically.
- the rotation position determination circuit 270 sets a threshold value H for the output signal S, and outputs a pulse P when the output signal S exceeds the threshold value H.
- This pulse P is output as a detection signal for detecting the rotation position of the holding member 120. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the rotational position determination circuit 27 0 is configured such that the arm portions 120 a to 120 c of the holding member 120 are connected to the contact pins 1 3 8 of the elevating arm 13 2. It judges that it is at a position that does not interfere with a to 138c and does not interfere with the robot hand of the transfer robot 98, and outputs the detection signal (pulse P).
- FIG. 37 is a flowchart for explaining the rotational position control processing executed by the control circuit.
- the control circuit proceeds to S12 and starts the motor 128. Subsequently, the flow advances to S13 to check whether or not the signal of the light receiving element 268 is ON. If the signal of the light receiving element 268 is on in S13, the process proceeds to S14, and the rotation number of the holding member 120 and the substrate W to be processed is calculated from the period of the detection signal (pulse P). .
- the process proceeds to S15, where it is checked whether or not the rotation speed n of the holding member 120 and the substrate to be processed W is a preset target rotation na.
- S15 when the rotation speed n of the holding member 120 and the substrate to be processed does not reach the target rotation na, the process returns to S13, and it is checked again whether the rotation speed of the motor 128 has increased. To check.
- the process proceeds to S18 to stop the motor 128. Subsequently, in S19, it is checked whether the signal of the light receiving element 268 is on, and the process is repeated until the signal of the light receiving element 268 is turned on. In this way, the arm portions 120 a to l 20 c of the holding member 120 do not interfere with the contact pins 1 38 a to 1 38 c of the elevating arm 13 2, and the transfer robot 9 8 robots It can be stopped at a position that does not interfere with the hand.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting location of the windows 75, 76 as viewed from above.
- FIG. 39 is a cross-sectional view showing the window 75 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing the window 76 in an enlarged manner.
- the first window 75 is used for supplying gas to the process space 84 formed inside the processing vessel 122 and for reducing the pressure to a vacuum.
- the structure is more airtight.
- the window 75 has a double structure including transparent quartz 272 and UV glass 274 for blocking ultraviolet rays.
- the first window frame 278 is screwed to the window mounting portion 276 with screws 277 while the transparent quartz 272 is in contact with the window mounting portion 276 and fixed.
- a sealing member (O-ring) 280 for hermetically sealing the gap with the transparent quartz 272 is mounted on the outer surface of the window mounting portion 276.
- the second window frame 282 is screwed and fixed to the outer surface of the first window frame 278 with screws 284 in a state where the UV glass 274 is in contact with the first window frame 278.
- the window 75 prevents the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light source (UV lamp) 86, 87 from being blocked by the UV glass 274 and leaking out of the process space 84.
- the gas supplied to the process space 84 is prevented from flowing out to the outside by the sealing effect of the sheath member 280.
- the second window 76 has the same configuration as the above-mentioned window 75, and has a double structure including transparent quartz 292 and UV glass 294 that blocks ultraviolet rays.
- the first quartz frame 298 is screwed to the window mounting part 296 with screws 297 and fixed in a state where the transparent quartz 292 contacts the window mounting part 296. .
- a seal member (O-ring) 300 for hermetically sealing the space between the window mounting portion 296 and the transparent quartz 292 is mounted.
- the outer surface of the first window frame 298 has UV glass 2
- the second window frame 302 is screwed and fixed with screws 304 with the 94 in contact.
- the window 76 prevents the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light sources (UV lamps) 86 and 87 from being blocked by the UV glass 294 and leaking out of the process space 84.
- the sealing effect of the sealing member 300 prevents the gas supplied to the process space 84 from flowing out.
- a configuration in which a pair of windows 75 and 76 are disposed on the side surface of the processing container 22 has been described as an example.
- the configuration is not limited to this, and three or more windows may be provided. Of course, or of course, it may be provided at a place other than the side.
- the quartz liner 100 has a configuration in which the lower case 102, the side case 104, the upper case 106, and the cylindrical case 108 are combined.
- Each is made of opaque quartz, and is provided for the purpose of protecting the aluminum alloy processing vessel 22 from gas and ultraviolet rays and preventing metal contamination by the processing vessel 22. ing.
- FIG. 41A is a plan view showing the configuration of the lower case 102
- FIG. 41B is a side view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 41A is a plan view showing the configuration of the lower case 102
- FIG. 41B is a side view showing the configuration of the lower case 102.
- the lower case 102 is formed in a plate shape having a contour corresponding to the inner wall shape of the processing vessel 22, and the S i C
- a circular opening 310 is formed opposite to the susceptor 118 and the substrate to be processed W.
- the circular opening 310 is formed to have a dimension into which the cylindrical case 108 can be inserted, and the inner periphery is provided with the distal ends of the arms 120 a to 120 c of the holding member 120. Recess for insertion 3 10 a to 310 c are provided at intervals of 120 degrees.
- the positions of the recesses 310 a to 310 c are such that the arm portions 120 a to 120 c of the holding member 120 do not interfere with the contact pins 138 a to 138 c of the elevating arm 132, and This is a position that does not interfere with the robot hand of pot 98.
- the lower case 102 is provided with a rectangular opening 312 facing the exhaust port 74 formed at the bottom of the processing container 22. Further, the lower case 102 has positioning protrusions 314a and 314b on the lower surface at asymmetric positions. In addition, a concave portion 310 d is formed on the inner periphery of the circular opening 310 so that a protrusion of a cylindrical case 108 described later is fitted thereto. Further, a stepped portion 315 that fits into the side surface case 104 is provided on a peripheral portion of the lower case 102.
- FIG. 42A is a plan view showing the configuration of the side case 104
- FIG. 42B is a front view of the side case 104
- FIG. 42C is a rear view of the side case 104
- FIG. 42E is a right side view of the side case 104.
- the side case 104 is formed in a substantially rectangular frame shape whose outer shape corresponds to the inner wall shape of the processing container 22 and whose four corners are R-shaped.
- a process space 84 is formed.
- the side case 104 has an elongated slit 316 extending in the lateral direction so as to face the plurality of injection ports 93 a of the gas injection nozzle section 93 on the front surface 104 a, and a remote plasma section 27. And a U-shaped opening 317 provided at a position facing the communication hole 92 communicating with the communication hole.
- each opening 16 communicates with the opening 3 17
- a concave portion 318 for allowing the robot hand of the above-described transfer port bot 98 to pass therethrough is formed on the rear surface 104b at a position facing the transfer port 94.
- FIG. 43A is a bottom view showing the configuration of the upper case 106
- FIG. 43B is a side view of the upper case 106.
- the upper case 106 is formed in a plate shape whose contour corresponds to the inner wall shape of the processing vessel 22, and an ultraviolet light source (UV lamp) 8. Rectangular openings 3 2 4 and 3 2 5 are formed at positions facing 6 and 87. Further, a step portion 326 fitted to the side case 104 is provided on a peripheral portion of the upper case 106.
- UV lamp ultraviolet light source
- the upper case 106 is provided with circular holes 327 to 329 corresponding to the shape of the lid member 82 and a rectangular hole 340 of a rectangular shape.
- FIG. 44A is a plan view showing the configuration of the cylindrical case 108
- FIG. 44B is a side longitudinal sectional view of the cylindrical case 108
- FIG. 44C is a cylindrical case 108. In the side view.
- the cylindrical case 108 is formed in a cylindrical shape so as to cover the outer periphery of the quartz peruger 112, and a lifting arm 1 There are provided recesses 108 a to 108 c into which 32 contact pins 1 38 a to 38 c are inserted. Further, the cylindrical case 108 is provided with a positioning projection 108d on the outer periphery of the upper end portion, into which the concave portion 310d of the lower case 102 fits.
- FIG. 45 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the lifter mechanism 30 in an enlarged manner.
- FIG. 46 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the seal structure of the lifter mechanism 30 in an enlarged manner.
- the lifter mechanism 30 raises and lowers the elevating shaft 13 4 by the driving unit 13 6 to raise and lower the elevating arm 13 2 inserted into the chamber 80.
- the outer periphery of the elevating shaft 1 34 inserted into the through hole 80 a of the chamber 80 is covered with a bellows-shaped bellows 3 32 so as to prevent contamination in the chamber 80. Is configured.
- the bellows 332 has a shape in which the bellows portion can expand and contract, and is formed of, for example, an inconnex or Hastelloy. Further, the through hole 80a is closed by a lid member 3440 through which the elevating shaft 134 is passed.
- a cylindrical ceramic cover 338 is fitted and fixed to the second connecting member 336. Since the ceramic cover 338 extends below the connecting member 336, it is provided so as to cover the periphery of the bellows 332 so as not to be directly exposed in the chamber 80.
- the bellows 3332 extends upward when the lifting arm 1332 is raised in the process space 84, and is covered with a cylindrical cover 38 made of ceramic. Therefore, the bellows 3332 is not directly exposed to the gas or heat in the process space 84 by the cylindrical cover 338 inserted into the through hole 80a so as to be able to move up and down. Has been prevented.
- FIG. 47A is a side view and a plan view showing a case where the substrate to be processed W is subjected to radical oxidation using the substrate processing apparatus 20 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 47B is a configuration of FIG. 47A.
- FIG. 47A is a side view and a plan view showing a case where the substrate to be processed W is subjected to radical oxidation using the substrate processing apparatus 20 of FIG. 2, and FIG. 47B is a configuration of FIG. 47A.
- an oxygen gas is supplied into the process space 84 from the gas injection nozzle portion 93 and flows along the surface of the substrate W to be processed.
- the turbo molecular pump is noticed through 50 and the pump 201.
- the process pressure in the process space 84 is set in a range of 10 -3 to 10 -6 T rr which is necessary for oxidation of the substrate W by oxygen radicals.
- oxygen radicals are formed in the oxygen gas stream thus formed by driving the ultraviolet light sources 86, 87, which preferably generate ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 170 nm.
- the formed oxygen radicals oxidize the rotating substrate surface when flowing along the surface of the target substrate W.
- Oxidation of the substrate to be treated by oxygen radicals results in an extremely thin oxide film with a thickness of 1 nm or less on the surface of the silicon substrate, especially an oxidation thickness of about 0.4 nm corresponding to a few atomic layers.
- the film can be formed stably with good reproducibility.
- the UV light sources 86, 87 cross the direction of the oxygen gas flow. It can be seen that the turbo molecular pump 50 exhausts the process space 84 via the exhaust port 74. On the other hand, the exhaust path directly from the exhaust port 74 to the pump 50 and indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 47B is shut off by closing the valve 48b.
- FIG. 48 shows a substrate processing apparatus 20 shown in FIG. 2, in which the silicon oxide film is formed on the silicon substrate surface by the steps of FIGS. 47A and 47B, the substrate temperature is set to 450 ° C.
- the relationship between the film thickness and the oxidation time when the film is formed while changing the oxygen partial pressure in various ways is shown.
- the natural oxide film on the silicon substrate surface was removed prior to radical oxidation, and in some cases, carbon remaining on the substrate surface was removed in ultraviolet-excited nitrogen radicals.
- the substrate surface is flattened by performing a high-temperature heat treatment at ° C.
- the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 excimer lamps having a wavelength of 172 nm were used.
- the series 1 data shows that the ultraviolet light irradiation intensity was set to 5% of the reference intensity (50 mWZcm2) at the window surface of the ultraviolet light source 24 B, the process pressure was 66 5 mPa (5 mTorr), and the oxygen The relationship between the oxidation time and the oxide film thickness when the gas flow rate was set to 30 SCCM is shown in the data of series 2.
- the ultraviolet light intensity was set to zero
- the process pressure was set to 133 Pa (lTorr)
- the oxygen gas The relationship between the oxidation time and the oxide film thickness when the flow rate is set to 3 SLM is shown.
- the series 3 data shows the relationship between the oxidation time and the oxide film thickness when the ultraviolet light intensity is set to zero, the process pressure is set to 2.66 Pa (2 OmTorr), and the oxygen gas flow rate is set to 150 SCCM.
- the data in series 4 are based on the case where the ultraviolet light irradiation intensity is set to 100%, that is, the reference intensity, the process pressure is set to 2.66 Pa (2 OmTo rr), and the oxygen gas flow rate is set to 150 SCCM.
- the relationship between the oxidation time and the oxide film thickness is shown.
- the oxidation time was set when the UV irradiation intensity was set to 20% of the reference intensity, the process pressure was set to 2.66 Pa (20 mTorr), and the oxygen gas flow rate was set to 150 SCCM.
- the data in series 6 show that the UV light irradiation intensity was set to 20% of the reference irradiation intensity, the process pressure was about 67 Pa (0.5 To rr), and the oxygen gas flow rate was 0.5
- the relationship between the oxidation time and the oxide film thickness when set to SLM is shown.
- the data of series 7 The relationship between oxidation time and oxidation Hff when setting the reference strength to 20%, the process pressure to 665 Pa (5 Torr), and the oxygen gas flow rate to 2 S LM.
- the oxide film thickness is obtained by the XPS method. However, there is no unified method for obtaining such a very thin oxide film thickness of less than 1 nm at this time.
- the inventor of the present invention performed background correction of the observed XPS spectrum of the Si 2p orbit shown in FIG. 49, and performed separation correction of the 3Z2 and 1/2 spin states, and obtained the results.
- the film thickness d of the oxide film was obtained using the equation and the coefficient shown in the equation (1).
- a is the detection angle of the XPS spectrum shown in FIG. 55, and is set to 30 ° in the example shown.
- ⁇ ⁇ + is the integrated intensity of the spectrum peak corresponding to the oxide film ( ⁇ + ⁇ 2 ⁇ + ⁇ 3 ⁇ + ⁇ 4 ⁇ ). are doing.
- 1 0+ 1 00 e V corresponding to the energy region near, corresponding to the integrated intensity of the resulting Surusupeku Torupi over click on a silicon substrate.
- an extremely thin oxide film with a thickness of about 4 nm can be formed stably.
- the oxide film to be formed has a uniform thickness. That is, according to the present invention, an oxide film having a thickness of about 0.4 nm can be formed on a silicon substrate to a uniform thickness.
- FIGS. 52A and 52B schematically show a process of forming a thin oxide film on such a silicon substrate. It should be noted that in these figures, the structure on the silicon (100) substrate is extremely simplified.
- two oxygen atoms are bonded to each silicon atom on the silicon substrate surface to form a single atomic layer of oxygen.
- the silicon atoms on the substrate surface are coordinated by two silicon atoms inside the substrate and two oxygen atoms on the substrate surface to form a suboxide.
- the state of FIG. 52B stops the oxidation.
- the thickness of the oxide film in the state of FIG. 52B is about 0.4 nm, which is in good agreement with the oxide film thickness in the stationary state observed in FIG.
- the lower peak seen in the energy range of 101 to 104 eV when the oxidation concentration is 0.1 nm or 0.2 nm corresponds to the suboxide in Fig. 52A.
- believed peaks appearing in the E Nerugi region representing the formation of S i 4+ to be due, Sani ⁇ more than 1 atomic layer when the oxide film thickness exceeds 0. 3 nm Can be
- FIG. 4 7 A Retention behavior of the oxide film thickness in such a 0. 4 nm of film thickness, FIG. 4 7 A, is not limited to UV0 2 radical oxidation process of FIG. 4 7 B, the same thin acid I ⁇ It is considered that the same method can be used if an oxide film can be formed with high accuracy.
- FIG. 53 shows the ultraviolet light of Figs. 47A and 47B using the substrate processing apparatus 20 in this way.
- a ZrSiOx film having a thickness of 0.4 nm and an electrode film were formed on the oxide film formed by the radical oxidation process (see FIG. 54B described later).
- the relationship between the equivalent thermal oxide film thickness Teq and the leakage current Ig obtained for the laminated structure is shown.
- the leakage current characteristics in FIG. 53 are measured with a voltage of V fb ⁇ 0.8 V applied between the electrode film and the silicon substrate with reference to the flat band voltage V fb.
- FIG. 53 also shows the leakage current characteristics of the thermal oxide film.
- the equivalent thickness being illustrated is for the combined oxide and Z r S i O x film structure.
- the leak current density exceeds the leak current density of the thermal oxide film.
- the film thickness T eq is also a relatively large value of about 1.7 nm.
- the value of the thermal oxide equivalent expansion T eq starts to decrease. In such a state it will be interposed between oxide film between the silicon substrate and the Z r S i O x film, although the physical thickness is converted SU?
- FIG. 54A and FIG. 54B show schematic cross sections of the sample formed in this way, and an oxide film 442 is formed on a silicon substrate 441, and an oxide film 44 2 shows a structure in which a ZrSIOx film 443 is formed on 2.
- the thickness of the oxide film exceeds 0.4 nm
- the value of the thermal oxide film equivalent thickness starts to increase again.
- the value of the leak current decreases as the thickness increases, and the increase in the conversion is attributed to the increase in the physical properties of the oxide film. Conceivable.
- the oxide film growth observed in Fig. 48 stops, and the film around 0.4 nm stops.
- the thickness corresponds to the minimum value of the converted ff of the system composed of the oxide film and the high dielectric film, and the stable oxide film shown in Fig. It can be seen that the diffusion into the metal is effectively Plih, and that even if the thickness of the oxide film is further increased, the effect of preventing diffusion of the metal element is not increased so much.
- the value of leakage current when using an oxide film with a thickness of 0.4 nm is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the value of leakage current of a corresponding thickness of thermal oxide film. It can be seen that the gate leakage current can be minimized by using it for the gate insulating film of the MOS transistor.
- the oxide film 44 4 formed on the silicon substrate 44 1 Even if the film thickness changes or irregularities exist initially in Fig. 2, the increase in the film thickness stops near 0.4 nm during oxide film growth as shown in Fig. By continuing the growth of the oxide film, a very flat and uniform oxide film 442 shown in FIG. 55C can be obtained.
- the H? Value itself of the oxide film 442 in FIG. 55C may be different depending on the measurement method.
- the thickness at which oxide film growth stops will be the thickness of two atomic layers, and therefore, the preferred oxide film 4 4 2
- the thickness is considered to be about 2 atomic layers thick. This preferable thickness is obtained when a region having a thickness of three atomic layers is formed partially so as to secure a thickness of two atomic layers over the entire silicon oxide film 442. Is also included. That is, it is believed that the preferred thickness of the oxide film 442 is actually in the range of 2-3 atomic layers.
- FIG. 56 shows a configuration of a remote plasma unit 27 used in the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- the remote plasma section 27 has a gas circulation passage 27a, a gas inlet 27b and a gas outlet 76c communicating with the gas circulation passage 27a, and is typically formed.
- a ferrite core 27B is formed in the portion.
- the inner surfaces of the gas circulation passage 27a, the gas inlet 27b and the gas outlet 27c are coated with a fluororesin 27d to supply a high frequency of 400 kHz to the coil wound around the ferrite core 27B. As a result, plasma 27C is formed in the gas circulation passage 27a.
- nitrogen radicals and nitrogen ions are formed in the gas circulation passage 27a, but the nitrogen ions disappear when circulating in the circulation passage 27a, and the gas outlet 27c Releases mainly nitrogen radicals N2 *.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 56 by providing an ion filter 27e grounded to the gas outlet 27c, charged particles including nitrogen ions are removed, and only nitrogen radicals are supplied to the process space 84. Is done. Further, even in a case where the ion filter 27 e is not grounded, the structure of the ion filter 27 e functions as a diffusion plate, and it is possible to sufficiently remove charged particles such as nitrogen ions. .
- FIG. 57 shows the relationship between the number of ions formed by the remote plasma section 27 and the electron energy in comparison with the case of a microphone mouth-wave plasma source.
- Table 1 shows the comparison of ionization energy conversion efficiency, dischargeable pressure range, plasma power consumption, and process gas flow rate between when plasma is excited by microwave and when plasma is excited by high frequency. Is shown. Ino r- Ono Chemical Co., Ltd. Release J fgj Satoshi / Nofu ⁇ No YA No J
- Microwave 1.00X10-2 0.1m ⁇ 0 ⁇ lTorr 1 ⁇ 500W 0 ⁇
- the nitridation of the oxide film is performed not by nitrogen ions but by nitrogen radicals N2 *, so that the number of excited nitrogen ions is preferably small! Also, from the viewpoint of minimizing damage to the substrate to be processed, the number of nitrogen ions to be excited is preferably small. Further, in the substrate processing apparatus 20, the number of excited nitrogen radicals is small, and a very thin base layer under the high-dielectric gate insulating film, and a base oxide film having a thickness of at most about 2 to 3 atomic layers can be obtained. It is suitable for nitriding.
- 59A and 59B are a side view and a plan view, respectively, showing a case where the substrate to be processed W is radially tilted using the substrate processing apparatus 20.
- Ar gas and nitrogen gas are supplied to the remote plasma unit 27, and nitrogen radicals are formed by exciting the plasma at a high frequency of several hundred kHz.
- the formed nitrogen radicals flow along the surface of the substrate W to be processed, and are exhausted through the exhaust port 74 and the pump 201.
- the process space 84 is suitable for radical
- the process pressure is set in the range of a to 13.3 kPa (0.01 to: L00Torr).
- the valves 48 a and 212 are opened, and the pulp 48 a is closed.
- the pressure in process space 84 is 1.33 x 1.
- One- one ! . 3 3 X 1 0- 4 is decompressed to a pressure of P a, the oxygen and moisture remaining in the process space 8 4 is purged, pulp 4 8 a and 2 1 2 in the subsequent nitriding closure
- the turbo molecular pump 50 is not included in the exhaust path of the process space 84.
- Figure 60A shows the results shown in Table 2 in which the oxide film formed on the Si substrate by thermal oxidation processing to a thickness of 2.
- Fig. 60B shows the relationship between the nitrogen concentration distribution and the oxygen concentration distribution in the same oxide film when nitrided in the above oxide film. Table 2
- the treatment pressure during the nitridation treatment is almost the same as the purge pressure, and therefore, the residual oxygen has a high thermodynamic activity in the plasma atmosphere. It is considered.
- the concentration of nitrogen introduced into the oxide film is limited, and nitriding of the oxide film does not substantially proceed. You can see that.
- the nitrogen concentration in the oxide film varies with depth, reaching a concentration close to 20% near the surface. You can see that.
- FIG. 61 shows the principle of the measurement of FIG. 60A performed using XPS (X-ray spectroscopy spectrum).
- a sample having an oxide film 412 formed on a silicon substrate 411 is irradiated with X-rays obliquely at a predetermined angle, and the excited X-ray spectrum is detected by a detector.
- DET 1 and DET 2 detect at various angles. At this time, for example, the detector DET 1 set at a deep detection angle of 90 ° has a short path of the excited X-rays in the oxide film 4 12, and thus the X-ray spectrum detected by the detector DET 1 is short.
- the detector DET 2 mainly detects information near the surface of the oxide film 4 12.
- FIG. 60B shows the relationship between the nitrogen concentration and the oxygen concentration in the oxide film.
- the oxygen concentration is represented by the X-ray intensity corresponding to the Ols orbit.
- FIG. 62 shows a diagram in which an oxide film is formed to a thickness of 4 A (0.4 nm) and 7 A (0.7 nm) in the substrate processing apparatus 20, and is formed using the remote plasma section 27.
- FIG. 59A and 59B show the relationship between the nitriding time and the nitrogen concentration in the film when nitriding by the nitriding step of FIG. 59B.
- FIG. 63 shows how nitrogen is deflected to the oxide film surface due to the nitriding treatment of FIG. Figures 62 and 63 also show the case where the oxide film was formed to a thickness of 5 A (0.5 nm) and 7 A (0.7 nm) by rapid thermal oxidation. I have.
- the nitrogen concentration in the film increases with the nitridation time for any oxide film, and particularly corresponds to the two atomic layers formed by ultraviolet radical oxidation.
- the thickness of the oxide film is small. The nitrogen concentration inside is getting higher.
- FIG. 63 shows the result of detecting the nitrogen concentration in FIG. 61 by setting the detectors DET1 and DET2 to the detection angles of 30 ° and 90 °, respectively.
- the vertical axis in Fig. 63 shows the X-ray spectrum intensity from the nitrogen atoms segregated on the film surface obtained at a detection angle of 30 ° at a detection angle of 90 °. It is divided by the value of the X-ray spectrum intensity from the nitrogen atoms dispersed throughout the film, and this is defined as the nitrogen segregation rate. If this value is 1 or more, segregation of nitrogen on the surface occurs. ⁇
- the nitrogen segregation rate was 1 or more, and nitrogen atoms were initially segregated on the surface. It is considered that the oxynitride film in 1 is in a state like 12 A. It is also apparent that the particles are almost uniformly distributed in the film after performing the nitriding treatment for 90 seconds. It can also be seen that the distribution of nitrogen atoms in the other films becomes almost uniform after the nitriding treatment for 90 seconds. In the experiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 64 shows Ilff fluctuations of the oxynitride film thus obtained for each wafer.
- the results in FIG. 64 show that the oxidation was performed so that the oxide film thickness obtained by XPS measurement was 0.4 nm during the ultraviolet radical oxidation treatment performed by driving the ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87 in the substrate processing apparatus 20. A film is formed, and then the oxide film thus formed is converted into an oxynitride film containing about 4% of nitrogen atoms by a nitriding treatment performed by driving the remote plasma unit 27. Things.
- the vertical axis shows the film thickness obtained by ellipsometry for the oxynitride film thus obtained, and as can be seen from FIG. 64, the obtained film thickness is approximately 8 A ( 0.8 nm).
- Fig. 65 shows that the substrate processing equipment 20 expanded : Formed a 0.4 nm oxide film on a silicon substrate by radical oxidation treatment using ultraviolet light sources 86 and 87, and then nitrified by a remote plasma unit 27. The result of examining is shown.
- the oxide film having a thickness of about 0.38 nm at the beginning has a thickness of 4 to 7% when nitrogen atoms are introduced by the nitriding treatment. It can be seen that it has increased to about 0.5 nm. On the other hand, when about 15% of nitrogen atoms were introduced by nitriding, the film thickness increased to about 1.3 nm. In this case, the introduced nitrogen atoms passed through the oxide film and entered the silicon substrate. It is considered that they have penetrated and formed a nitride film.
- FIG. 65 the relationship between the nitrogen concentration and the film thickness for an ideal model structure in which only one layer of nitrogen is introduced into the 0.4-nm-thick oxide film is shown.
- the film thickness after the introduction of nitrogen atoms is about 0.5 nm, and the increase in the film thickness of ⁇ is about 0.1 nm and the nitrogen concentration is about 12 nm. %. Based on this model, it is concluded that, when the oxide film is nitrided by the substrate processing apparatus 20, the film thickness ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is preferably suppressed to the same level of 0.1 to 0.2 nm. At that time, the amount of nitrogen atoms taken into the film is up to about 12% It is estimated to be. ⁇
- the present invention is not limited to such a specific embodiment, and is not limited to silicon. It can be applied to form a high-quality oxide film, nitride film or oxynitride film on a substrate or a silicon layer to a desired film thickness.
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EP03798443A EP1544904A4 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | SUBSTRATE PROCESSING DEVICE |
US10/529,184 US20060057799A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Substrate processing apparatus |
AU2003266565A AU2003266565A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-09-22 | Substrate processing apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2004119522A (ja) | 2004-04-15 |
CN100433272C (zh) | 2008-11-12 |
KR20050065549A (ko) | 2005-06-29 |
AU2003266565A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
CN1685484A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
EP1544904A4 (en) | 2010-09-22 |
TW200416783A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
JP3877157B2 (ja) | 2007-02-07 |
US20060057799A1 (en) | 2006-03-16 |
EP1544904A1 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
KR100575955B1 (ko) | 2006-05-02 |
TWI244108B (en) | 2005-11-21 |
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