Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
  • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
  • A61K9/0075—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a dry powder inhaler [DPI], e.g. comprising micronized drug mixed with lactose carrier particles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
  • A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0043—Nose
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
  • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/007—Pulmonary tract; Aromatherapy
  • A61K9/0073—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy
  • A61K9/0078—Sprays or powders for inhalation; Aerolised or nebulised preparations generated by other means than thermal energy for inhalation via a nebulizer such as a jet nebulizer, ultrasonic nebulizer, e.g. in the form of aqueous drug solutions or dispersions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2/00—Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor
  • A61L2/02—Disinfection or sterilisation of materials or objects, in general; Accessories therefor using physical processes
  • A61L2/04—Heat
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
  • A61P27/16—Otologicals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
  • A61P5/38—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the suprarenal hormones
  • A61P5/44—Glucocorticosteroids; Drugs increasing or potentiating the activity of glucocorticosteroids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2103/00—Materials or objects being the target of disinfection or sterilisation
  • A61L2103/05—Living organisms or biological materials

Definitions

• This invention relates to a process for sterilization of a powdered form of a glucocortico- steroid, sterile glucocorticosteroids, sterile formulations containing glucocorticosteroids and use thereof in the treatment of an allergic and/or inflammatory condition of the nose or lungs.
• glucocorticosteroids discloses the cold sterilization of micronized glucocorticosteroids using mixtures of ethylene oxide and carbon dioxide, since, according to PT-A-69652, steroids in powder form are not stable at temperatures above 60°C.
• Specific examples of glucorticosteroids are prednacindone, dexamethasone and prednisolone, and salts, esters and fluoro derivatives thereof, including dexamethasone acetate, dexamethasone phosphate, prednisolone pivalate and 9-alphafluoro prednisolone.
• ethylene oxide is toxic and when it is used to sterilize glucocorticosteroids it has been found that the residual amounts of the ethylene oxide contravene pharmaceutical guidelines which require very low levels of residual ethylene oxide. Accordingly this method has been found to be unsuitable for producing therapeutically acceptable glucocorticosteroids and formulations thereof.
• US-A-3962430 discloses a method for the production of sterile isotonic solutions of medicinal agents, which comprises adding the agent to a saturated solution of sodium chloride in water at 100°C and then heating the mixture at 100-130°C.
• This method is not suitable for suspensions of fine particles of glucocorticosteroids which are intended for inhalation because the water, and the heating and cooling involved, produce unfavorable changes in the size of the particles. Indeed it can lead to the formation of bridges between the fine particles producing large, hard aggregates which will not deaggregate into the desired fine particles upon administration.
• a putative alternative is dry heat sterilization. According to the European Pharmacopoeia (1996, pp.
• a normal heat sterilization process runs at 180°C for 30 min or at a minimum of 160°C for at least 2 hours. According to Pharmacopoeia Nordica (1964, pp. 16) such a sterilization can be carried out at 140°C for 3 hours. However at the temperatures of these processes glucocorticosteroids suffer significant degradation and are subject to changes in their surface structure.
• WO-A-96/09814 to Andaris Ltd. relates to spray-dried particles of a water-soluble material with a mass median particle size of 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
• the aim of the invention is to produce uniformed rep ⁇ iucible p.articles for use in dry powder inhalers.
• the water-soluble material is preferably a human protein or a fragment thereof, in natural or recombinant form, e.g. human serum albumin (HSA), alpha- 1 antitrypsin or alcohol dehydrogenase.
• HSA human serum albumin
• alpha- 1 antitrypsin or alcohol dehydrogenase alpha- 1 antitrypsin
• combinations of an active material with a carrier were produced e.g. budesonide and lactose. It is stated generally that the microparticles produced can be sterile without teaching how this could or would be achieved nor showing any proof thereof.
• WO-A-96/32095 to Astra AB relates to a process for the preparation of respirable particles by dissolving an inhalation compound in a solvent, introducing the resulting solution containing the inhalation compound in droplet form or as a jet stream into an anti-solvent which is miscible with the solvent and which is under agitation.
• Budesonide with a mass median diameter (MMD) of less than 10 ⁇ m is produced with the process.
• MMD mass median diameter
• WO-A-92/11280 to Instytut Farmaceutyczny relates to a method of obtaining (22R) diastereoisomer of budesonide by a condensation reaction followed by crystallizing the crude product of condensation from ethanol.
• the obtained 21 -acetate of budesonide (22R) is hydrolyzed and the product thus obtained is crystallized from ethyl acetate.
• the content of (22S) diastereoisomer of budesonide is 1% or less.
• aqueous suspensions of finely divided glucocorticosteroids are known, e.g. the
• Pulmicort nebulising suspension Pulmicort is a trademark of Astra AB of Sweden. Similar formulations of fluticasone propionate are known from WO-A-95/31964.
• a process for the sterilization of a glucocorti- costeroid which process comprises heat treating the glucocorticosteroid in the form of a powder at a temperature of from 100 to 130°C.
• the process is preferably carried out at a temperature of from 110 to 120°C, more preferably at about 110°C, preferably for up to about 24 hours, more preferable up to 10 hours, e.g. from 1 to 10 hours.
• the process is conveniently carried out under atmospheric conditions, i.e. in air, but may also be carried out under an inert gas atmosphere, e.g. an atmosphere of argon or nitrogen.
• the unexpectedly low temperature at which the glucocorticosteroids can be sterilized indicates that the glucocorticosteroid may provide some synergistic effect, when taken together with the heat treatment, in destroying the spores.
• the glucocorticosteroid used in the invention is preferably an anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid, e.g. for use in nasal and oral inhalation.
• glucocorticosteroids which may be used in the present invention include betamethasone, fluticasone (e.g. as propionate), budesonide, tipredane, dexamethasone, beclomethasone (e.g. as dipropionate), prednisolone, fluocinolone, triamcinolone (e.g. as acetonide), momethasone (e.g. as furoate), rofleponide (e.g.
• momethasone furoate beclomethasone dipropionate or flutic-asone propionate or glucocorticosteroids with an asymmetric acetal structure, i.e. comprising 16 ⁇ ,17 ⁇ -butylidenedioxy, such as budesonide, rofleponide or rofleponide palmitate.
• asymmetric acetal structure i.e. comprising 16 ⁇ ,17 ⁇ -butylidenedioxy
• budesonide, rofleponide or rofleponide palmitate Preferably, use is made of budesonide, rofleponide or rofleponide palmitate and most preferably of budesonide.
• the glucocorticosteroid is preferably used in the form of a finely divided, e.g. micronized, powder, particularly in the form of finely divided particles having a mass median diameter of less than 10 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 5 ⁇ m.
• the glucocorticosteroid may alternatively be in an ultra fine form, e.g. having a mass median diameter of less than 1.0 ⁇ m.
• the finely divided particles may be produced by conventional techniques known/?er se, e.g. by micronization or by direct precipitation. Information about micronization can be found e.g. in "The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy", Lachman, Liebermann and Klang, 2 nd Ed., 1976, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, USA.
• the temperature, time, batch size and type of sterilizer used will be interdependent. Thus generally the higher the temperature used in the process according to the invention, the less time is required to sterilize the glucocorticosteroid.
• the process is preferably carried out for no more than 8 hours, e.g. from 1 to 8 hours, when the temperature is greater than about 110°C, more preferably no more than 4 hours.
• the process is preferably carried out for no more than 4 hours, e.g. from 1 to 4 hours, more preferably no more than 2 hours, e.g. from 1 to 2 hours.
• a batch of 50 g of glucocorticosteroid may suitably be heat treated from 1 to 4 hours. If desired sub-batches, e.g. of 4 x 50 g, may be used.
• the present process may be carried out such that it results in a more than log 4 reduction in the amount of heat resistant spores.
• the process of the present invention is suitably carried out such that it results in a log 6 reduction in the amount of heat resistant spores.
• the present process is preferably carried out such that it results in a more than log 6 reduction, and more preferably such that it results in a more than log 7 reduction in the amount of heat resistant spores.
• the D value also known as the Dj value, is the time (in minutes) required to reduce (“kill”) a standardized population of spores by 90% or 1 log cycle, i.e. to a survival fraction of 1/10, at a specific temperature T (in °C).
• the present process may be carried out such that the D value is less than about 240 min at the preselected temperature T, wherein T is in the range of from 100 to 130°C.
• the process of the present invention is suitably carried out such that the D value is less than 150 min at the preselected temperature T.
• the process of the present invention is carried out such that the D value is less than 90 min at the preselected temperature T, and more preferably such that the D value is less than 30 min at the preselected temperature T.
• T is suitably 100, 110, 120 or 130°C.
• the sterilization process is desirably carried out in such a manner that all parts of the bulk of the glucocorticosteroid reaches, and is maintained within, the desired temperature for the desired time.
• the present process may be carried out batch wise or continuously, preferably batch wise.
• the glucocorticosteroid starting material for the process which material may be in finely divided form, is suitably substantially dry, i.e. containing less than about 1 % (w/w) of water.
• the starting material for the process contains less than 0.5 % (w/w) of water, and more preferably less than 0.3 % (w/w) of water.
• the glucocorticosteroid starting material for the process suitably has abioburden of less than 50 CFU (colony forming units) per gram.
• the glucocorticosteroid starting material for the process preferably has abioburden of less than 10 CFU per gram, more preferably of less than 1 CFU per gram.
• a sterile glucocorticosteroid e.g. budesonide
• sterile we mean a product which meets the criteria of sterility according to the US Pharmacopoeia 23/NF18, 1995, pp. 1686-1690 and 1963-1975, and which provides a therapeutically acceptable glucocorticosteroid and formulations thereof.
• Further regulations for sterility of the final product include the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur. 1998, Chapters 2.6.1 and 5.1.1), the British Pharmacopoeia (BP 1993, Appendix XVI A, p. A180 and Appendix XVIII A, p. A184) and the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP, 13 th ed., pp. 69-71 and 181-182).
• the therapeutically acceptable glucocorticosteroid and formulations thereof have been produced by a method which provides assurance of sterility according to the US Pharmacopoeia 23/NF18, 1995, pp. 1686-1690 and 1963-1975.
• the glucocorticosteroid according to the invention will essentially maintain the same pharmacological activity and physico-chemical properties/its chemical purity and physical form as the starting material from which it is prepared, i.e. the degradation, and especially the chemical degradation, caused by the present sterilization process will be limited.
• the glucocorticosteroid according to the invention is preferably at least 98.5% by weight pure, more preferably at least 99 % by weight pure, and most preferably at least 99.2 % by weight pure.
• the invention further provides a sterile glucocorticosteroid, preferably an anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid, more preferably budesonide, rofleponide or rofleponide palmitate, and most preferably budesonide, for use in the treatment of an allergic and/or inflammatory condition of the nose or lungs, e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), rhinitis or asthma.
• COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• the invention also provides the use of such a sterile gluco- corticosteroid, preferably an anti-inflammatory glucocorticosteroid, more preferably budesonide, in the manufacture of a medicament (preferably a sterile medicament) for use in the treatment of such conditions.
• a sterile pharmaceutical formulation comprising a glucocorticosteroid in an aqueous suspension, wherein the glucocorticosteroid is preferably a sterile finely divided glucocorticosteroid, such as budesonide.
• a sterile pharmaceutical formulation comprising a glucocorticosteroid and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable additives, diluents or carriers.
• additives include surfactants, pH regulating agents, chelating agents, agents rendering the suspension isotonic and thickening agents.
• a surfactant may be used, optionally in combination with e.g. lecithin.
• the surfactants may also function as stabilizing agents in the formulations according to the present invention.
• suitable surfactants include non-ionic surfactants of the alkyl aryl polyether alcohol type, specifically TyloxapolTM - a polymer of 4-( 1,1,3, 3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol with ethylene oxide and formaldehyde.
• Further suitable surfactants include sorbitan derivatives, e.g.
• polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters preferably of the Polysorbate or TweenTM groups, more preferably Polysorbate 80 or polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan mono- oleate (TweenTM 80).
• Suitable surfactants also include polyoxyethylene ethers, especially polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, preferably pentaethyleneglycol mono n-dodecylether or C 12 E 5 .
• Further suitable surfactants include poloxamers, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, polyvinylalcohol and block copolymers of polyethyleneoxides, polypropyleneoxides, polybutyleneoxides and polyethyleneglycols (PEGs) or mixtures of any of these.
• Further suitable surfactants include polyethylene glycol derivatives, especially polyethylene glycol 660 hydroxystearate or SolutolTM HS 15, povidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethyleneglycols (PEGs).
• the surfactant may be present at about 0.002 to 2% w/w of the formulation.
• the pH of the suspension may be adjusted as required.
• suitable pH regulating agents are weak organic acids, e.g. citric acid, strong mineral acids, e.g. hydrochloric acid, and strong alkaline agents, e.g. NaOH.
• the pH of the system can be adjusted by balancing the acid and salt forms of buffers such as citric acid, sodium citrate, acetic acid, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate.
• the formulation may also contain a suitable chelating agent, e.g. disodium edetate (EDTA).
• EDTA disodium edetate
• the chelating agent may be present at about 0.005 to 0.1% w/w of the formulation.
• Agents which make the suspension isotonic may be added. Examples are dextrose, glycerol, mannitol, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and sodium bromide.
• a thickening agent may be included in the formulation.
• suitable thickening agents are cellulose derivatives, suitably cellulose ethers, or microcrystalline cellulose.
• Preferred cellulose ethers include ethylcellulose, ethylmethylcellulose, hydroxy- ethylcellulose, hydroxyethylmethylcellulose, hydroxyethylethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), e.g. the sodium salt thereof.
• Suitable thickening agents also include cyclodextrin and dextrin.
• Suitable thickening agents further include xanthan gum, guar gum and carbomer.
• Preferred thickening agents in the formulations of the invention are povidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polyethyleneglycols (PEGs).
• the thickening agent may be present at about 0.1 to 3.0% w/w of the formulation.
• microcrystalline cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are present at about 0.5 to 2.5%, xanthan gum at about 0.3 to 3%, carbomer at about 0.1 to 2%, guar gum at about 0.3 to 2% and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose at about 0.5 to 3.0%, w/w of the formulation.
• the active constituent e.g. budesonide
• MMD mass median diameter
• the suspension to contain from about 0.05 to about 20 mg/ml of the glucocorti- osteroid. More preferably the suspension contains from 0.08 to 10 mg/ml of the glucocorticosteroid and most preferably from 0.1 to 5 mg/ml of the glucocorticosteroid.
• a sterile pharmaceutical formulation comprising a glucocorticosteroid, such as finely divided budesonide, rofleponide or rofleponide palmitate, sterilized according to the present process, can be prepared by mixing the sterilized glucocorticosteroid with any suitable additional ingredient, e.g. a surfactant, a pH regulating or chelating agent, an agent rendering the suspension isotonic or a thickening agent. All components, other than the glucocorticosteroid, can be produced by sterile filtration of their aqueous solutions.
• the resulting sterile suspension may be stored under an over pressure of a sterile and inert gas, e.g. nitrogen or argon, and should be filled under aseptic conditions into pre-sterilized containers to produce a sterile pharmaceutical product, e.g. using a blow/fill/seal system.
• the invention further provides a method for treatment of an inflammatory condition of the nose or lungs by administering to a mammal, especially a human being, suffering from such a condition a therapeutically effective amount of a sterile glucocorticosteroid or a sterile formulation containing a glucocorticosteroid, preferably a sterile formulation containing a sterile glucocorticosteroid produced according to the present invention.
• the invention provides a method for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmo- nary disease (COPD), rhinitis, asthma or other allergic and/or inflammatory conditions by administering to a mammal, especially a human being, suffering from such a condition a therapeutically effective amount of a sterile glucocorticosteroid or a sterile formulation containing a glucocorticosteroid, preferably a sterile formulation containing a sterile glucocorticosteroid produced according to the present invention.
• COPD chronic obstructive pulmo- nary disease
• sample nos. 2-10 in Table 1 below were subjected to the heat treatment shown in Table 1 in a dry sterilizer, Lytzen model CB 1200. Sample 1 was not subjected to such treatment and was used as the reference sample. After the treatment the samples were analyzed for chemical and physical properties.
• BET Brunauer, Emett and Teller
• EXAMPLE 2 The sterilization of budesonide was compared with that of calcium stearate.
• Tests were performed to evaluate the heat resistance of various naturally occurring microorganisms.
• All the components, other than the budesonide, were produced by sterile filtration of their aqueous solutions and an appropriate volume of the resulting suspension (about 2 ml) was filled under aseptic conditions into pre-sterilized 5 ml cont-ainers to produce a sterile product.
• the resulting suspension may be stored under an over-pressure of sterile nitrogen and may be filled into containers using a blow/fill/seal system.
• a sterile formulation comprising finely divided budesonide sterilized by the method of Example 2, can be prepared by mixing the following ingredients: TABLE 5
• All the components, other than the budesonide, can be produced by sterile filtration of their aqueous solutions and an appropriate volume of the resulting suspension (about 2 ml) filled under aseptic conditions into pre-sterilized 5 ml containers to produce a sterile product.
• the resulting suspension may be stored under an over-pressure of sterile nitrogen and may be filled into containers using a blow/fill/seal system.
• the substance and the spore suspension were mixed and dried for approximately 3 hours at 55°C.
• the inoculated and dried budesonide was mixed with 20-40 g of non-inoculated micronized budesonide.
• EXAMPLE 7 1 g of micronized budesonide, prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate_and 0.5 g of rofleponide were inoculated with a different spore suspension to the one used in Example 6.
• the samples were heat treated at 110°C. A sample was withdrawn after various heating times. The number of spores/g were determined by a pour plate technique according to US Pharmacopoeia 23/NF 18, 1995, pp. 1681-1686, especially p. 1684.
• Table 7 clearly shows that the present process is very efficient in reducing the number of spores in samples containing glucocorticosteroids.
• the process is especially efficient with budesonide and rofleponide.
• budesonide and rofleponide yielded total kill at very short cycle times ( ⁇ 5 minutes at 110°C), where a Di ⁇ o value could not be calculated.
• micronized budesonide can not be satisfactorily sterilized with ⁇ - or ⁇ -irradiation, due to significant chemical degradation.

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• 2009
  • 2009-12-25 JP JP2009293641A patent/JP2010070567A/ja active Pending

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