Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
  • E04B7/026—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs consisting of prefabricated modules, e.g. box-like or cell-like units
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
  • E04B7/06—Constructions of roof intersections or hipped ends
  • E04B7/063—Hipped ends
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded

Definitions

• the invention relates to a kit with plate-shaped components for a roof substructure of an inclined roof.
• DE 34 21 107 AI discloses a gable roof made up of modular elements. This has plate-shaped components which can be arranged on both sides of the ridge and form the roof surface. One component has at least one cover plate, on the underside of which rafters are arranged in the first eaves direction. The rafters of two mutually opposite components are articulated in the region of their ridge-side ends, so that a collapsible roof construction results.
• a disadvantage of the known design is the fact that all components in length and width have to be manufactured specifically for the respective roof and only allow the design as a closed roof.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a kit for a roof substructure of an inclined roof, in which the roof substructure produced therefrom is suitable both for new buildings and for the renovation of old buildings, wherein essentially prefabricated parts with standard dimensions can be used and only a few Components must be adapted to the actual length and width of the roof.
• the "length" of the roof or a component denotes the extension in the direction of the fall line of the eaves and the "width" means the extension in the direction parallel to the eaves or the ridge.
• the kit as plate-shaped components, has at least two edge support parts that can be laid in the ridge direction, at least one each Eaves cover part which can be laid parallel to the eaves and ridge, a ridge cover part and at least one standard cover part, the cover parts having a standard width and the width of the edge support parts being dimensioned such that they are similar to a
• Passepartout form a side frame for an opening in which the eaves cover part, the ridge cover part and one or more standard cover parts can be installed.
• Eaves cover part and / or the ridge cover part is to be adjusted to the length of the roof, only at least one of the edge support parts must be factory-made in width so that the edge support parts are at a distance from each other when installed on the roof
• both edge support parts are made in the same width.
• the dimensions of the buildings are standardized. Because of these conditions, the lengths of the roofs and thus the lengths of the supporting parts and the cover parts are relatively uniform. Insignificant differences can also be compensated for by different roof overhangs.
• standard support parts with a standard width can also be provided.
• the width of a standard support part is preferably equal to an integer fraction of the width of a standard cover part.
• Standard supporting parts are preferably 6 m long and 1.20 m wide. This results in a grid dimension of 1.20 m for the width of the area between the edge supporting parts, whereby an even narrower grid dimension of 30 cm can be achieved by further standard supporting parts of 90 cm and 60 cm width, for example. It goes without saying that, with a suitable width of the roof, standard supporting parts can also be used as edge supporting parts.
• the length of the free surface between the supporting parts is determined by the difference between their length and the sum of the lengths of the eaves cover part, ridge cover part and standard cover part or standard cover parts.
• a compensating cover part with a standard width and individually adjusted length can be provided.
• edge support parts in their width and the compensating cover part in their length must be matched to the individual dimensions of the roof, while the remaining components can be manufactured in large numbers with uniform dimensions.
• the standard width of the eaves cover part, the ridge cover part, the compensating cover part and the standard cover part is always the same.
• a preferred standard cover part is 1.20 m long and 3.60 m wide. It is understood that several standard cover parts can be joined together in the ridge eaves direction, and that a standard cover part can also be used as a eave corner part or as a ridge cover part.
• the cover parts can be connected to the supporting parts or to one another by screwing, for example.
• a support part has at least one support extending in the first eaves direction, which gives the support part a high degree of flexural rigidity.
• the girder can be made of steel, for example, and can be designed as a truss girder or as an I-section with openings in the web to save weight.
• the carrier can be chambered so as not to impair the aesthetic appearance of the supporting parts.
• the cover parts are self-supporting and are supported by the support parts. Similar to the supporting parts, the cover parts can have beams, which in this case run parallel to the eaves or to the ridge and enable the execution of very wide self-supporting cover parts.
• the principle of the invention is that the kit, which can be laid in the first baptismal direction, is self-supporting and which carries the load of the roof on purlins, and has self-supporting cover parts attached to the supporting parts. It goes without saying that in the case of a very wide roof with more than one section with standard cover parts, at least one standard support part is to be provided between them.
• the abutting edges of the components can be butted against one another, with a step fold with projection / recess or with a tongue and groove connection.
• a seal is provided between the components, particularly in the area of
• the seal can be designed, for example, as a separate elastic sealing strip, preferably made of neoprene or the like, or as a coating of permanently elastic material applied to the abutting surfaces of the components.
• the standard cover part can be provided with a roof system part, for example with a dormer window, a roof window, a chimney opening, a ventilation element, a solar module or the like. Due to the standardization, it is also possible to retrofit an initially installed standard cover part to be exchanged for another standard cover part with a special roof system part. For example, when the roof space is later expanded, a closed standard cover part can be exchanged for one with a skylight or with a dormer window.
• a cover part with a roof window, a chimney opening or a ventilation element can be made narrower than a standard cover part, for example half the width, and special fitting cover parts can be provided on the side, in particular to precisely adjust the position of a chimney opening to the position of the chimney in the building.
• the components of the kit can be made monolithically from a pourable material such as concrete.
• the components are made very light if they are made of a geopolymer material, lightweight concrete or foam concrete.
• the plate-shaped components of the kit can be designed in a sandwich-like manner with cover layers and an intermediate sound and / or heat insulation layer.
• cover layers For example, chip or
• Lightweight concrete slabs are used.
• Mineral wool for example, can be provided for sound insulation and mineral wool and / or polyurethane foam can be provided for thermal insulation.
• the cover layer facing the roof interior can already be assembled at the factory, for example by a coat of paint, a coating or a cladding.
• a precisely fitting assembly of the kit is achieved if, in a further embodiment of the invention, it also has at least one foot purlin part which can be laid in the eaves area and on which the support parts can be supported on the eaves side.
• the support parts can be hinged together at their ridge-side ends, so that it is sufficient if two purlin parts are installed for a gable roof.
• the kit additionally has at least one ridge purlin part which can be laid parallel to the ridge in the ridge area and to which the plate-shaped supporting parts can be fastened on the ridge side.
• the supporting parts can be mitred at their ridge-side ends so that they abut each other in the ridge area.
• a ridge element with a wedge-shaped cross section can be installed in the ridge area, which connects the supporting parts to one another and seals the gap between them.
• the ridge element can also form a support for ridge pans to be placed on top.
• the number and arrangement of the purlin parts of the kit is generally not limited and depends on the shape of the roof.
• the kit for a composite pent roof can have four or more purlin parts.
• the purlin parts of the kit can be solid, for example made of steel, concrete, wood or composite material. A very light, yet stable design results if a purlin part is designed as a hollow profile. This training offers the additional advantage that lines for electricity, gas, water, exhaust gas or the like can be laid within the purlin parts.
• the purlin parts can have different cross-sections.
• a ridge purlin part to be installed in the ridge area can be a triangular one Have the appropriate cross-section of the roof pitch.
• the cross section of the purlin parts is advantageously round, so that the support parts laid in the first eaves direction can always be applied tangentially to the purlin parts with different roof pitches.
• Such a purlin part can be tubular, for example, and have rows of holes with elongated holes extending in the circumferential direction.
• a supporting part can have connecting elements, for example screw bolts, which extend at right angles from its inner surface and can be introduced into the elongated holes of the purlin part, so that the supporting part can be screwed to the purlin part.
• the support on the purlin part is preferably carried out with the interposition of spacer elements, so that ridge and
• Eaves cover part do not rest on the purlin part, but are only supported by the supporting parts.
• the spacer element can have a flat upper side which can be placed on the plate-shaped component and a lower side which is concavely shaped in accordance with the curvature of the purlin part.
• the kit has gable parts which are shaped in accordance with the cross-sectional profile of the roof to be produced.
• the gable part can, for example, be designed as a triangular finished part forming the gable in the front view.
• the gable part can be assembled from individual segments.
• the gable part can already be provided with windows, for example with a large triangular gable window.
• the gable part can be designed like a framework.
• the gable part can, for example, also be shaped such that it specifies the cross-sectional profile for a composite pent roof or a mansard roof.
• the kit can have a triangular hipped gable part in the front view, which is beveled on its underside in accordance with the hilt tendency, so that a flat support on the ceiling or on the gable-side wall of the building is possible. Since a hipped roof has a triangular edge surface in the top view between the falling line starting from the ridge end, the eaves and the ridge, it is advantageous if triangular first fitting cover parts are provided in the kit, each filling the area between the edge support part and the hip gable part. In this case, the rectangular edge support part is installed starting from the point of attack of the roof.
• the kit can be used for a half-hipped roof
• Front view has approximately triangular crippled gable part with a tip angled towards the ridge and trapezoidal second fitting cover parts, each of which fills the area between the edge supporting part and crippled gable part, because in this case too the rectangular part becomes
• Edge support part mounted starting from the point of attack of the roof.
• the purlin parts are self-supporting and can be connected at their ends to the gable parts, so that they transmit the entire load of the roof to the building.
• the gable parts can be placed on the dividing walls of the individual terraced houses, so that there is no need to wall up the gable. It is similar with the renovation of old buildings, because the partitions between neighboring buildings are usually designed as fire protection walls stronger than the eaves-side walls.
• the gable parts can each with anchors or angles are attached and then stiffened by the purlin parts.
• a purlin part is designed in this case so that it can absorb the force component resulting from the support of the supporting parts in the direction of the eaves as a transverse force.
• the forces are transferred to the gable part in question via the connection between the purlin part and the gable part.
• the vertical force component corresponding to the weight of the roof is conducted via the gable parts into the gable walls, so that the eaves-side walls of the building remain free of loads from the roof.
• a supporting wall of the building can therefore be dispensed with on the eaves side and a glass facade can be provided, for example.
• the horizontal force components are also taken up by the gable parts, so that no tie rods are required.
• a gable part can be spaced from its edges for the ends of the purlin parts
• the purlin part can be omitted in the area of the eaves cover part, so that a gable part only in the area of a support part has a section of an ankle purse part.
• the section of the purlin part is preferably designed as a short, self-supporting support arm, which is to be connected to the gable part in a rigid manner.
• a receptacle can be designed, for example, as an opening, depression or as a fitting placed on the inner surface of the gable part.
• a fitting can, for example, be attachable to the gable part with a flange and have a half-shell arranged at right angles to the flange or to the gable part for receiving the purlin part.
• the half-shell and the purlin part can be connected to one another, for example, by bolts, so that the roof substructure can be stiffened as quickly as possible during construction.
• a molded projection extending from its inner surface can also be provided as a receptacle on the gable part.
• the plate-shaped components of the kit can already be provided with roof battens on the upper side at the factory, so that they can be covered with roof tiles immediately after assembly.
• the plate-shaped components can be covered without roof battens if they are provided on the top with projections running parallel to the ridge, which are arranged at the usual roof battens spacing from one another.
• the elaborate roofing with roof tiles can be omitted without having to forego the appealing external appearance of such a roof if the plate-shaped components are profiled on their top according to the shape of roof tiles.
• the top of the plate-shaped components can also be provided with roofing membrane material, with the covering already being possible at the factory.
• roofing membrane material Proven products, preferably for sealing flat roofs.
• a quick and rainproof installation of the roof substructure is possible if the supporting parts and eaves cover parts are provided with a gutter in the area of their eaves-side edge. When assembling, only the individual sections of the gutter are to be sealed together.
• a particularly simple construction results if the eaves-side edge of the support parts and eaves cover parts is angled upwards, so that after installation in the groove formed in this way, only a strip of roofing material running over the entire width of the eaves has to be inserted.
• FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a complete roof substructure for a saddle roof manufactured using the kit according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows the front roof half from FIG. 1 in a top view
• FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a roof substructure for a hipped roof produced using the kit according to the invention
• FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a roof substructure for a half-hipped roof manufactured using the kit according to the invention, 6 a joint between a standard support part and an eave cover part in a partially broken perspective view,
• FIG. 7 shows the ridge area from FIG. 5 enlarged in cross section
• FIG. 8 shows the gable part and the ridge purlin part from FIG. 5 in an enlarged perspective view.
• a complete roof substructure 12 for a saddle roof manufactured with the kit 10 according to the invention is shown in perspective.
• the roof substructure 12 is placed on a schematically represented building 14, of which only two walls 16, 18 on the gable side are shown.
• the roof substructure 12 has two closed gable parts 20, 22 which are triangular in the front view and which are designed as prefabricated parts. Adjacent to the gable parts 20, 22 are plate-shaped components of the kit 10 which form the roof surface and two 6 m long and 70 cm wide rectangular edge support parts 24 and 26 laid in the first eaves direction, and a 6 m is adjacent to the edge support part 24 long and 1.20 m wide rectangular standard support part 28 installed. Between the
• Standard support part 28 and the edge support part 26 is a 1.50 m long and 3.60 m wide rectangular eaves cover part 30 and a 60 cm long and 3.60 m wide rectangular compensating cover part 31 as well as a 1.50 m long ridge and 3.60 m wide rectangular ridge deck 32.
• the standard support part 28, the edge support part 24, the leveling cover part 31 and the ridge cover part 32 form like a pass-partout a rectangular frame around two plate-shaped closed 1.20 m long and 3.60 m wide standard cover parts 34.
• the width of the edge support parts 24, 26 are the same Adjusted the width of the roof so that, together with the standard support part 28, they laterally close off an area corresponding to the width of the cover parts 30, 31, 32 and 34.
• the length the eaves cover part 30 and the ridge cover part 32 is 1.50 m each.
• the two standard cover parts 34 are each 1.20 m long.
• the length corresponding to the 6 m long supporting parts 24, 26, 28 is compensated for by the 60 cm long compensating cover part 31.
• a second standard cover part 134 is shown to scale, which is provided with a dormer 36.
• This second standard cover part 134 can be installed instead of a closed standard cover part 34.
• FIG. 2 the front roof half of Fig. 1 is shown schematically in plan view.
• the reference numerals correspond to those explained in FIG. 1.
• a roof half of a very wide roof is shown schematically in plan view.
• the connection to the ridge of a hip roof with a triangular first fitting cover part 38 is shown on the left and the connection to the ridge and verge of a crippled hipped roof with a trapezoidal second fitting cover part 40 is shown on the right.
• a standard supporting part 28 is provided adjacent to the edge supporting parts 24, 26 and another is approximately in the middle of the roof
• Standard support part 28 Between the three standard support parts 28 are two sections each 3.60 m wide, into which, as in FIG. 2, one eave cover part 30, one compensating cover part 31, two closed standard cover parts 34 and one ridge cover part 32 are installed in the order from the eaves to the ridge are.
• the kit 410 contains a hip gable part 420 which, in the front view, is triangular as a prefabricated concrete part, so that it is able to accommodate an approximately trapezoidal large gable window.
• the on the front gable wall 16 of the The underside of the hip gable part 420 placed on the building 14 has a bevel corresponding to the hip inclination.
• a front purlin part 40, a rear purlin part 44 and a ridge purlin part 46 with a triangular cross section are provided.
• a triangular first fitting cover part 38 is used as the cover part.
• FIG. 5 shows a roof substructure 512 for a half-hipped roof made with the kit 510 according to the invention in perspective.
• the roof substructure 512 corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, except for a crippled waling gable part 520.
• the front foot purlin part 542, rear foot purlin part 544 and ridge purlin part 546 have a round cross section.
• the purlin parts 542, 544 do not rest on the floor ceiling, but are supported only at their ends on the gable parts 22, 520.
• the front cripple-roll gable part 520 which is approximately triangular in the front view, is placed with its underside on the front gable-side wall 16 of the building 14, the vertical lower section of the cripple-roll gable part 520 receiving a gable window lying in the plane of the gable-side wall 16.
• the upper section of the Kruppelwalm gable part 520 forms a tip angled towards the ridge.
• a trapezoidal second fitting cover part 40 is used as the cover part.
• the kit 510 contains, analogously to the example shown in FIG. 1, edge support parts, ridge cover part, eave cover part and standard cover parts for mounting on the remaining rectangular surface of the roof.
• Fig. 6 the joint between a standard support part 28 and a eaves cover part 34 is in part broken and perspective view shown.
• the standard supporting part 28 is constructed in a sandwich-like manner from several layers, namely from a lower cover layer 50 facing the interior, an upper cover layer 52 and in between a thermal insulation layer 54.
• the lower cover layer 50 and the upper cover layer 52 are connected to one another by struts.
• struts Of the struts, only the strut 56 forming the longitudinal end of the standard support part 28 is shown, because this is specially designed.
• the strut 56 is assembled from two parallel wooden rafters 58, 60 which have cutouts on their adjacent longitudinal sides and enclose a steel beam 62.
• the steel support 62 is designed as an I-profile, and the web is provided with round openings 64 to save weight.
• the outer wooden rafters 60 facing the eaves cover part 34 have one of them
• Underside extending lower longitudinal projection 66 extending to approximately half the height.
• a sealing strip 68 consisting of neoprene is laid on the top of the lower longitudinal projection 66.
• the eaves cover part 34 is constructed like the standard supporting part 28 with a lower cover layer 150, an upper cover layer 152 and an intermediate thermal insulation layer 154.
• the strut 70 forming the longitudinal end of the eaves cover part 34 has one of its
• the upper side extends up to approximately half the height and lies on the lower longitudinal projection 66 of the supporting part 28.
• FIG. 7 shows an enlarged cross section of the ridge area of the roof substructure from FIG. 5 constructed using the kit according to the invention.
• the ridge purlin part 546 is designed as a round hollow profile, on the lateral surface of which standard support parts 28 are laid on both sides of the ridge.
• the ridge purlin part 546 has two rows, offset by 90 ° to one another, with elongated holes 74, 76 extending in the circumferential direction.
• the Standard support parts 28 rest on the ridge purlin part 546 with their ridge-side end sections with the interposition of spacer elements 78. Screws 80 pass through the standard support parts 28, the spacers 78 and the elongated holes 74, 76 and protrude into the hollow profile of the
• FIG. 8 the gable part 22 from FIG. 5 and the end section of the ridge purlin part 546 from FIG. 5 and FIG. 7 facing it are shown in perspective.
• a receptacle 88 spaced from its longitudinal edges is attached to the gable part 22 in the region of its ridge-side tip.
• the receptacle 88 is designed as a fitting placed on the inner surface of the gable part 22.
• the fitting is fastened to the gable part 22 with a flange 90, from which a round half-shell 92 extends at right angles, into which the ridge purlin part 546 can be inserted.
• the ridge purlin part 546 which is round in cross-section, has shoulders 94 protruding from its lateral surface at its end which can be inserted into the half-shell 92 and can be placed on the upper edges of the half-shell 92, only the front one of which is visible in FIG. 8. It goes without saying that such receptacles can also be provided for fastening the foot purlin parts.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
• Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Building Awnings And Sunshades (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

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ID=7844469

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Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 1997
  • 1997-10-02 DE DE19743685A patent/DE19743685C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-24 EP EP97951804A patent/EP1019594B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-11-24 WO PCT/DE1997/002742 patent/WO1999018299A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-11-24 BR BR9714921-7A patent/BR9714921A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1997-11-24 AU AU55479/98A patent/AU5547998A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-11-24 CN CN97182446A patent/CN1099511C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-24 AU AU53088/98A patent/AU5308898A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-11-24 CN CN97182447A patent/CN1099512C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-24 DK DK97949958T patent/DK1019593T3/da active
  • 1997-11-24 EP EP97949958A patent/EP1019593B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1997-11-24 DE DE59708584T patent/DE59708584D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-24 DK DK97951804T patent/DK1019594T3/da active
  • 1997-11-24 DE DE59706417T patent/DE59706417D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-11-24 WO PCT/DE1997/002745 patent/WO1999018300A1/de active IP Right Grant
  • 1997-11-24 BR BR9715025-8A patent/BR9715025A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
• 2000
  • 2000-04-03 NO NO20001713A patent/NO20001713L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2000-04-03 NO NO20001712A patent/NO320098B1/no unknown

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