US20100291823A1 - Microfiber - Google Patents

Microfiber Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100291823A1
US20100291823A1 US12/812,156 US81215608A US2010291823A1 US 20100291823 A1 US20100291823 A1 US 20100291823A1 US 81215608 A US81215608 A US 81215608A US 2010291823 A1 US2010291823 A1 US 2010291823A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
fiber
yarn
cellulosic
regenerated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/812,156
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johann Leitner
Gert Kroner
Egon Dünser
Karin Kämpf
Harald Schobesberger
Ronald Möslinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lenzing AG
Original Assignee
Lenzing AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lenzing AG filed Critical Lenzing AG
Assigned to LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT reassignment LENZING AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KAMPF, KARIN, KRONER, GERT, SCHOBESBERGER, HARALD, DUNSER, EGON, LEITNER, JOHANN
Publication of US20100291823A1 publication Critical patent/US20100291823A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3065—Including strand which is of specific structural definition
    • Y10T442/313—Strand material formed of individual filaments having different chemical compositions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-strength cellulosic regenerated fiber with a single fiber titer of between 0.6 and 0.9 dtex and yarns and planar textile structures which contain regenerated fibers of this kind.
  • microfibers generally designates fibers with a tire smaller than 1.0 dtex or, depending on the material density, with a diameter of 9 to 10 ⁇ m (“Lexikon der Textilveredlung”, H. K. Rouette, 1995, Volume 2, p. 1250 ff; Laufman Verlag, Duelman). Moreover it is known that fabrics of microfibers are basically softer than those of coarser fibers.
  • the Russian patent SU 759627 suggests a spinning bath of organic acids in organic solvents for the production of viscose microfibers instead of watery diluted sulphuric acid by means of which it should be possible to produce fibers with up to 0.05 dtex. No details are provided with regard to the tenacity of the fibers produced in this way.
  • FR 2764910 claims a process in which the drawing is to be performed hydraulically instead of mechanically. Viscose fibers with a titer of 0.3 dtex are obtained. No details are provided concerning the tenacity of the fibers.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,785,918 likewise reveals the production of a mixture of viscose fibers and microfibers whereby a spinning device is used according to the ejector principle.
  • the microfibers obtained are to be used to produce paper. They are very non-uniform and thus not suitable for textile applications.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,468,428 discloses the production of viscose fibers with a diameter of 8 ⁇ m using a spinneret with spray hole diameters of 20 ⁇ m.
  • Such spray hole diameters cannot be operated with sufficient production safety in large-scale technical operations since deposits form in a short space of time on the spinning bath side of the spray hole which has a detrimental effect on the regularity of the fiber diameter and the spinning safety and or the entire jet channel is blocked with particles of dirt and thus the fiber titer fluctuates to an even greater extent.
  • CN 1418990 discloses the production of ultrafine viscose fibers as a result of the special adjustment of the drawing forces and thus a tuned jet hole diameter.
  • the fibers contained in this way reveal a titer of 0.56-0.22 dtex. The tenacity achieved of these fibers cannot be found in the document.
  • JP2005187959 suggests using pulp of Californian cedar to produce viscose staple fibers. In this way it should be possible to obtain fibers over a wide range of titers between 0.2 and 30 den which would also include microfibers. The range of between 1.5 and 10 den is, however, preferred i.e. outside the microfiber range. No indication is given of the fiber tenacity.
  • JP 58089924 discloses non-wovens of ultrafine fibers with a diameter of the individual fibers of 0.05-2 ⁇ m.
  • the fibers can be produced using the viscose, cuprammonium or acetate process. It appears to be important that these can be burnt. Fine fibers of this kind are no longer suitable in particular for textile applications.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 3,539,678 describes a modified viscose process by means of which fibers are obtained with a “high wet modulus”, so-called HWM fibers. These are to be produced in a titer range of 0.7 to 5.0 den.
  • the samples contain only fibers with a titer of 1.0 den (corresponding to 1.1 dtex) with a dry tenacity of max. 2.93 g/den (corresponding to 25.9 cN/tex).
  • GB 310944 reveals the production of filament yarns with an individual fiber titer of a maximum of 1 den using the cuoxam process.
  • fibers can be obtained with 0.7 den and a dry tenacity of 2.64 g/den (corresponding to 23.3 cN/tex).
  • the cuoxam process displays considerable environmental problems and is, therefore, no longer used around the globe except in one or two exceptions.
  • WO 98/58102 suggests a Lyocell process for the production of cellulose microfibers.
  • a Lyocell process does not lead to cellulose regenerated fibers in the sense of this application since in the Lyocell process, the cellulose is only physically dissolved and then precipitated whilst when producing cellulose regenerated fibers, a cellulose derivative is first produced for example cellulose xanthogenate or—as in the case of the cuprammonium process—a cellulose metal complex which is regenerated to pure, undissolved cellulose in the course of the process.
  • fibers can be produced according to WO 98/58102 with an individual fiber titer of 0.3 to 1.0 dtex, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 dtex.
  • an individual fiber titer of 0.3 to 1.0 dtex, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 dtex.
  • WO 2005/106085, US 2005/056,956, US 2002/148,050, WO 01/86043 and the references quoted in this describe various approaches for the production of cellulose microfibers as a result of modifying the Lyocell process using melt blowing or centrifuge spinning.
  • the fibers obtained in this way reveal irregular tire and fiber length distributions so that they are not suitable for high-quality textile and technical applications.
  • the processes demand a completely new spinning apparatus at the least.
  • Staple fibers can be processed to yarns using various spinning processes. These spinning processes reveal various advantages and disadvantages.
  • the “classical” ring spinning process is known for its flexibility, to be able to process fibers of different fineness and fiber length.
  • ring spinning machines or modified ring spinning processes such as for example the COMPACT and the SIRO process, are able to produce yarns of the highest fineness.
  • COMPACT COMPACT
  • SIRO SIRO process
  • the productivity of this spinning process is determined by the extent of the yarn twist and the spindle speed—the costs of yarn production increase significantly as the yarn fineness increases.
  • the production of fine or very fine yarns using the ring spinning process is, therefore, extremely cost-intensive.
  • the fineness of yarns is expressed as the yarn count. The higher the yarn count, the finer it is.
  • Nm number metric
  • Ne number English
  • the rotor spinning machines are, however, not able to produce fine yarns with the same fineness and strength as ring spinning machines
  • the MVS spinning process requires fibers with a tenacity which allows the production of yarns with yarn strengths which guarantee a high productivity when being further processed to knitted or woven fabrics.
  • the cellulosic microfibers described before are not suitable for processing in high-performance spinning processes due to their relatively low absolute fineness. For this reason it was not possible until now to produce super fine yarns from these fibers, which are required to produce the light-weight textiles of cellulosic fibers which are increasingly in demand on the market, using modern high-performance spinning processes.
  • the solution to this task is a high-tenacity cellulosic regenerated fiber, which reveals an individual tire T (dtex) of between 0.6 and 0.9 and preferably between 0.6 and 0.8, a tenacity (B c ) in the conditioned state of B c (cN) ⁇ 1.3 ⁇ T+2T and a wet modulus (B m ) with an elongation of 5% in the wet state of B m (cN) ⁇ 0.5* ⁇ T.
  • the fiber in accordance with the invention has a strength in relation to the fineness in the conditioned state of at least 34.5 cN/tex.
  • the wet modulus in relation to the fineness of this fiber is preferably at least 5.6 cN/tex.
  • a tenacity of 50.00 cN/tex and a wet modulus of preferably 10.0 cN/tex are the upper limits of the properties in accordance with the invention.
  • the fiber in accordance with the invention can be produced in an analogous manner to the process described in AT 287905.
  • the spinning parameters such as the spinning mass output per jet hole and the draw-off speed must be adapted in accordance with the desired individual fiber titer.
  • the tenacity and modulus of the fibers in accordance with the invention are considerably higher than was to be expected from the details given in AT 287905.
  • the fiber in accordance with the invention is preferably in the form of a staple fiber i.e. it is cut to a standardized length in the course of the production process.
  • Common cutting lengths for staple fibers for the textile area lie between approx. 25 and 90 mm. Only such a standardized length of all of the fibers allows for the non-problematic processing on the machines commonly used in the textile chain today with a high productivity.
  • the subject matter of the present invention is also a yarn of the fibers in accordance with the invention.
  • a yarn of this kind is characterized by a higher softness compared to yarns of fibers with a coarser titer.
  • the yarns in accordance with the invention reveal a higher strength.
  • a yarn like this in accordance with the invention can also contain fibers of another origin in addition to the fibers in accordance with the invention for example synthetic microfibers of polyester, polyamide or polyacrylic, other cellulosic fibers (e.g. cotton, in particular combed cottons, Lyocell, cupro, linen, ramie, kapok . . . ), fine fibers of animal origin such as alpaca, angora, cashmere, Mohair and various silks.
  • This type of blend of different types of fiber is generally known as an intimate blend.
  • yarns in accordance with the invention could be made using air jet spinning processes with a very high fineness.
  • the fibers in accordance with the invention it is possible for the first time to exceed the previously known spinning limits of high-performance spinning processes. This applies equally to the rotor as well as the air jet spinning process and the Murata Vortex spinning process.
  • the MVS spinning process it is possible for the first time to produce yarns finer than Ne 80 (Nm 135) the yarn count of which allows for trouble-free further processing to textiles.
  • the rotor spinning process it becomes possible for the first time to spin yarns finer than Ne 65 as a result of using fibers according to the patent application.
  • These yarns of a higher fineness also always display a lower number of thin parts and a higher yarn regularity than yarns of fibers with a coarser titer.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention are yarns, produced using the air spinning process, with a fineness of more than 50 Nm, preferably more than 85 Nm, and most preferably more than 100 Nm.
  • the yarn in accordance with the invention can comprise 100% cellulosic regenerated fibers or in addition at least one or a blend of several other fine fiber types of the types named above.
  • the fibers in accordance with the invention are particularly well suited to the production of high-quality, fine, soft textiles with particularly pleasant wear properties, blends with other types of fiber such as for example synthetic microfibers of polyester, polyamide or polyacryclic, other cellulosic fibers (e.g. cotton, in particular combed cottons, Lyocell, cupro, linen, ramie, kapok . . . ), fine fibers of animal origin such as alpaca, angora, cashmere, mohair, various silks are preferred for use.
  • synthetic microfibers of polyester, polyamide or polyacryclic other cellulosic fibers (e.g. cotton, in particular combed cottons, Lyocell, cupro, linen, ramie, kapok . . . ), fine fibers of animal origin such as alpaca, angora, cashmere, mohair, various silks are preferred for use.
  • core yarns can also be produced, the inner “core” of which is made of another type of fiber in the form of an outer “shell”.
  • the inner “core” of which is made of another type of fiber in the form of an outer “shell”.
  • planar textile structure is the subject-matter of the present invention which contains the fibers in accordance with the invention.
  • the planar textile structure and the yarn in accordance with the invention can contain other fibers.
  • the planar textile structure is preferably a woven or knitted fabric, and can however also basically be a non-woven.
  • the use of fibers of regular length and diameter and a high tenacity can be of decisive significance.
  • planar textile structures with a mass per unit area of less than 150 g/m2, in particular less than 115 g/m2, represent a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • These can comprise 100% cellulosic regenerated fibers or in addition at least one other fine fiber type.
  • woven shirt and blouse fabrics are possible with a mass per unit area of less than 100 g/m2 of yarns from high-performance processes such as the rotor or air jet spinning processes.
  • synthetic microfibers of polyester, polyamide or polyacrylic, other cellululosic fibers e.g. cotton, particularly combed cotton, Lyocell, cupro, linen, ramie, kapok . . .
  • fine fibers of animal origin such as Alpaka, angora, cashmere, Mohair and various silks, are the preferred blending partners for the production of the very finest yarns and textiles with a lighter weight.
  • Yarns containing 100% this fiber were produced using the air jet technology on a MVS spinning machine with Nm 100 (Ne 60), Nm 135 (Ne80) and Nm 180 (Ne 100). They demonstrated a much higher softness than the yarn produced from the normal Lenzing Modal® fiber.
  • the fiber in accordance with the invention from example 1 was spun as a comparison with the well-known ring spinning and siro processes to fine yarns Nm 180 (Ne 100) (Tab. 1). It was clearly determined that the air jet yarns revealed a similar tenacity (breaking tenacity) and elongation (breaking elongation) to the ring and/or siro yarns which are known indeed for a high quality but for a much lower productivity.
  • Knitted fabrics were made from MVS yarns in Nm 100 and/or Nm 135 with weights per unit area in the range of 100 and 125 g/m2. It was possible to produce these knitted fabrics without any difficulties and they revealed excellent useful properties.
  • a cellulosic staple fiber also produced in a pilot plant in accordance with AT 287905 with a titer of 0.65 dtex revealed, measured using the BISFA regulations, a tenacity in the conditioned state of 36.4 cN/tex and a modulus (5% elongation) of 6.3 cN/tex.
  • a yarn made of this fiber also revealed a much higher softness than the yarn made of conventional Lenzing Modal® fiber.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US12/812,156 2008-01-11 2008-12-05 Microfiber Abandoned US20100291823A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA47/2008 2008-01-11
AT472008 2008-01-11
ATA619/2008 2008-04-17
ATA619/2008A AT506268B1 (de) 2008-01-11 2008-04-17 Mikrofaser
PCT/AT2008/000432 WO2009086571A2 (fr) 2008-01-11 2008-12-05 Microfibre

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2008/000432 A-371-Of-International WO2009086571A2 (fr) 2008-01-11 2008-12-05 Microfibre

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/620,833 Continuation US11932969B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2015-02-12 Microfiber

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100291823A1 true US20100291823A1 (en) 2010-11-18

Family

ID=40845950

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/812,156 Abandoned US20100291823A1 (en) 2008-01-11 2008-12-05 Microfiber
US14/620,833 Active US11932969B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2015-02-12 Microfiber

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/620,833 Active US11932969B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2015-02-12 Microfiber

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US20100291823A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2231906B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5693234B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR101598091B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN104630919B (fr)
AT (1) AT506268B1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0822141A2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2697527T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2231906T (fr)
TR (1) TR201816622T4 (fr)
TW (1) TWI498463B (fr)
WO (1) WO2009086571A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102767004A (zh) * 2011-06-20 2012-11-07 上海水星家用纺织品股份有限公司 量子能纤维混纺纱线、由其制备的面料及该面料的制备方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013011959U1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-12-15 Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf Direktgesponnene Cellulosefasern, deren Herstellung und Verwendung
DE102012016714A1 (de) * 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf Celluloseregeneratfasern, deren Herstellung und Verwendung
US11034817B2 (en) 2013-04-17 2021-06-15 Evrnu, Spc Methods and systems for processing mixed textile feedstock, isolating constituent molecules, and regenerating cellulosic and polyester fibers
TWI667378B (zh) 2014-01-03 2019-08-01 奧地利商蘭精股份有限公司 纖維素纖維
EP3467163A1 (fr) 2017-10-06 2019-04-10 Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft Étoffe de doublure de filaments lyocellulaires
CN109825911B (zh) * 2019-01-16 2021-10-12 绍兴市厚发纺织有限公司 一种保温混纺纱及其制备方法

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KR20150116906A (ko) 2015-10-16
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TR201816622T4 (tr) 2018-11-21
US20150159302A1 (en) 2015-06-11
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AT506268A1 (de) 2009-07-15
WO2009086571A2 (fr) 2009-07-16
EP2231906A2 (fr) 2010-09-29
PT2231906T (pt) 2018-11-29
TW200951253A (en) 2009-12-16
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TWI498463B (zh) 2015-09-01
ES2697527T3 (es) 2019-01-24
CN104630919A (zh) 2015-05-20
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US11932969B2 (en) 2024-03-19
CN101970732A (zh) 2011-02-09

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