US20100101454A1 - Method and Device for Introducing Additive Materials - Google Patents
Method and Device for Introducing Additive Materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20100101454A1 US20100101454A1 US12/516,177 US51617707A US2010101454A1 US 20100101454 A1 US20100101454 A1 US 20100101454A1 US 51617707 A US51617707 A US 51617707A US 2010101454 A1 US2010101454 A1 US 2010101454A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- container
- additives
- feeding devices
- side wall
- material particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/53—Screws having a varying channel depth, e.g. varying the diameter of the longitudinal screw trunk
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/0005—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing compounding ingredients
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the process according to the preamble of claim 10 .
- a process of this type is further improved, in a first step, by spraying the liquid additives onto the plastic granules in a spray chamber in the countercurrent process, followed by a static mixing process.
- the plastic granules are first whirled in a continuous mixer and, in this turbulent state, wetted with a highly heated liquid additive in the gas stream.
- a process is known from WO 9425509 in which polymer granules are wetted in a mixing device with a liquid additive via an injection nozzle, whereby, to improve the wetting, the surface of the plastic granules is structured irregularly or is roughened.
- a process and a mixing device are described in WO 2006/010291 in which a liquid additive is added to plastic granules via an injection device in a mixer and the mixture subsequently reaches an extruder.
- DE 263 16 22 describes a process for the simultaneous and continuous feeding of powdery solids and liquids in treatment machines. This occurs via a ring nozzle, wherein the liquid is formed into a tubular casing in the centre of which the solids are introduced.
- processes of this type are primarily suitable only for highly fluid, finely sprayable additives and function only inadequately for highly viscous, sluggish additives or for additives of solid or semi-solid consistency. In most cases, the plastic material is only wetted incompletely and unevenly.
- the object of the invention is to create a process and a device by means of which the non-dry particle-like, highly viscous additives can be easily and uniformly added to a given fragmented material, in particular a plastic material or polymer particles.
- the surface of the material should thereby be wetted as completely and uniformly as possible with the additives and the additives should be uniformly distributed or dispersed within the material particles.
- the additives should be added in correct dosages and be able to prevent deposits and thus contaminations at undesired points.
- the process of the invention or the device of the invention make it possible to very uniformly and homogeneously advantageously apply additives or coating substances to fragmented, particle-like materials, so that a complete wetting of the surface of the material particles results.
- the smallest amounts of additives can also be accurately dosed, since the entire amount of the additives used are introduced directly into the material particles and there is no possibility for the additives to be deposited. In particular, this is ensured by the fact that the additives do not come into contact with any colder components of the container or reactor. This does not result in any contaminations whatsoever or material deposits of condensed or solidified additives at undesirable points in the reactor, as a result of which frequent cleaning is no longer required.
- the dynamic movement or rotation of the material particles in the container facilitates the introduction of the additives, the application onto the surfaces of the material particles and promotes the uniform distribution or dispersion of the additives on the material particles. This is ensured thereby that the material particles glide along or rotate past on the inside of the side wall of the container and, in this way, take or carry along the additives flowing out there.
- the entire surface is wetted and the additives optimally distributed in the mixture of the particles.
- One or more feeding devices can be provided. These feeding devices are arranged on the inside of the side wall of the container or lead into the container on the inside of the side wall of the container.
- feeding devices There are various possibilities for attaching and placing the feeding devices. It is especially advantageous to provide several feeding devices which are, for example, arranged at the same level above the container bottom or mixing tool and are preferably uniformly distributed over the periphery of the inner wall of the container.
- a further possibility is to arrange the individual feeding devices in a straight vertical row or a diagonally upward extending row above one another, optionally offset or in the form of a spiral.
- the feeding devices may also be, in particular, statistically or uniformly distributed, or only a single feeding device can be provided.
- the feeding devices are arranged in the container in such a way that they are, in particular, continuously and permanently situated below the level of the material found in the container, so that the additives can be exclusively added directly into the quantity of the rotating material particles.
- a mixing vortex is formed due to the movement of the material particles inside the container, which is also schematically shown in FIG. 1 .
- the edge or the uppermost level of the mixing vortex should be located above the feeding devices during the entire process.
- the feeding devices are arranged at the level of the middle third area of the fill level of the material in the container or the mixing vortex, as a result of which the additives are uniformly disperse on the material particles.
- the feeding devices are arranged in that area or at that level of the inside of the container at which the moved or rotating material particles exert the highest pressure. As a result, a good distribution of the material is ensured.
- This area or the pressure exerted by the material on the side wall is determined in dependency on the rotational speed, the type, number and form of the mixing tool.
- the feeding devices can be formed as simple feed connections or feed openings in the side wall of the container or also be designed in the form of feed nozzles.
- the additives are preferably dosed or supplied via dosing pumps, e.g. gear pumps or diaphragm pumps. These control the amount of the additives added. Since, as described, all of the additives can be introduced directly into the material particles, they can be dosed very accurately and free of loss. Losses due to deposits or the like are largely excluded.
- the feeding devices are sealed flush with the inner wall of the container and do not project or protrude inside the container.
- the additive which is to be introduced into the material emerges from the feeding devices in the form of droplets or in pasty form.
- the material particles move along the inner wall of the container, come into contact with it and rub against it. Consequently, the additives just emerging through the feeding device are immediately and directly carried along by the material particles and are distributed all the better in the mixture.
- a wetting of the container wall by the additives may be desirable in order to consequently produce a better dispersion of the additives with the material particles.
- an additional separate heating device can be provided which merely heats the inside of the side wall of the container or the container side wall.
- This heating device is advantageously independent of temperable or heatable mixing tools or further heating devices for heating the material in the container. In this way, the viscosity of the additives is reduced, as a result of which the flowability of the additives is improved and the inner wall of the container is better wetted. Consequently, an even better distribution of the additives is given on the material particles.
- the feeding devices themselves and their feed lines or storage tanks may also be heatable.
- solid or pasty waxes can be added in sufficiently fluidized form, e.g. at room temperature.
- the pressure which is exerted on the additives or with which the additives are supplied can also be adjusted accordingly, in particular selected at a corresponding level, in order to be able to introduce highly viscous additives.
- the additives can be advantageous to avoid or reduce a wetting of the inner wall of the container by the additives. This can be accomplished, for example, by special coatings or also by special embossings of the container wall. In this way, the additive droplets adhering to the inner wall of the container can better loosen from the side wall and be more easily carried along by the material or by the moving material particles and a wetting of the container wall is omitted.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 A device according to the invention is shown in a schematic sectional view in FIG. 1 .
- Devices of this type are known from the prior art in various embodiments.
- the device in the form of a cutting compacter shown in FIG. 1 has a receptacle 1 in the bottom area of which a crushing or mixing tool 4 that is pivotable about a vertical axis is provided which is actuated by a drive motor 5 .
- a crushing or mixing tool 4 that is pivotable about a vertical axis is provided which is actuated by a drive motor 5 .
- an opening is provided in the side wall of the receptacle 1 to which the housing 2 of a screw extruder is attached.
- An extruder screw 3 which is actuated by a drive motor 6 is located in the housing 2 .
- the crushed and mixed material in particular a plastic material, conveyed by the screw extruder emerges from the screw housing through the outlets 7 .
- the material is first melted or plasticized in the extruder.
- the container 1 may also be acted upon with a vacuum.
- the material to be treated is given in the receptacle 1 .
- the material is present in the receptacle 1 in a fragmented or particle-like form and thus has a large surface in relation to its volume.
- the material can be, for example, thermoplastic material in the form of flakes, granules, foil waste or the like. Wood fibres, newsprint paper or the like are also feasible. Due to the continuous dynamic movement or rotation of the material particles in the receptacle 1 caused by the mixing tool 4 , the individual particles are thoroughly mixed and, optionally, depending on the configuration of the mixing tool 4 , the material is also crushed and/or precompacted and perhaps also heated or dried or crystallized. The movement of the material particles in the receptacle 1 serves, in particular with plastic materials, to ensure that the individual plastic particles do not stick together when heated and that the fragmented character of the material remains intact.
- a feeding device 10 in the form of a feed connection is provided in the lower area of the side wall of the container 1 , which opens into the container 1 via an opening, whereby the opening seals flush with the inner surface of the side wall and no part of the feeding device 10 protrudes inside the container.
- One or more additives or coating substances can be dosed into the receptacle 1 via this feeding device 10 .
- the feeding device 10 is configured such that it is suitable for feeding non-dry particle-shaped or non-dry powdery or non-dry granular or non-dry crystalline additives. Dry powdery or granular additives, e.g. pigments, fillers or the like, are for the most part added from the top via a simple feed funnel. Thus, pumpable highly fluid or viscous, solid, semi-solid or pasty additives, in particular of higher viscosity, are added via the feeding device 10 .
- the feeding device 10 is suitable for adding highly fluid additives, such as plasticizers, peroxides, etc., viscous additives or also pasty, or more solid additives having a cream-like or pasty consistency, e.g.
- solid additives refers, for example, to waxes or fats which are, although they inherently stable at room temperature, nevertheless still ductile and moldable.
- powdery additives or aggregates such as pigments, fillers or the like, can also be added in this way by means of a carrier solution as dispersion or suspension, perhaps also as a suspension or emulsion.
- the feeding device 10 is placed below the level of the rotating material particles found in the container 1 or below the uppermost edges of the mixing vortex. Additives are therefore not added from the top, for example by spraying or drop by drop, but through the side wall of the container 1 .
- the feeding device 10 or the feed opening is thereby always brushed over by material that moves past and the emerging additives are carried along and in this way applied to the material particles and dispersed or distributed within the material particles.
- the dispersion of the additives functions all the better, the larger the surfaces of the material particles are.
- the additives in particular reactive additives, are added, depending on the degree of dilution, through an eventual carrier of the additives, in amounts of between 0.01 and 20% by weight. For example, when using PET flakes as receiver material, a quantity of 0.2 to 0.6% of an additive is applied.
- the maximum amount with which the additives are to be used is that amount which is necessary to wet the entire surface of the material found in the container 1 or the entire surface of the material particles.
- the material is completely melted in the extruder and, if necessary, filtered and/or degassed.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out in one step, but can also be included in a two or more step process.
- the additives are thereby already added in the first step, in a pretreatment container connected upstream or in a first receptacle 1 .
- the feeding devices are arranged in this pretreatment container.
- the further treatment of the material and/or the addition of further additives or an eventual drying or crystallizing then takes place in further containers 1 .
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US14/845,221 US10507594B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2015-09-03 | Process and device for introducing additive materials in a receptacle at the area of highest pressure |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT0195106A AT504709B1 (de) | 2006-11-23 | 2006-11-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen |
ATA1951/2006 | 2006-11-23 | ||
PCT/AT2007/000527 WO2008061269A1 (de) | 2006-11-23 | 2007-11-22 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen |
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PCT/AT2007/000527 A-371-Of-International WO2008061269A1 (de) | 2006-11-23 | 2007-11-22 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen |
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US14/845,221 Continuation US10507594B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2015-09-03 | Process and device for introducing additive materials in a receptacle at the area of highest pressure |
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US20100101454A1 true US20100101454A1 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
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US14/845,221 Active 2028-05-15 US10507594B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2015-09-03 | Process and device for introducing additive materials in a receptacle at the area of highest pressure |
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US14/845,221 Active 2028-05-15 US10507594B2 (en) | 2006-11-23 | 2015-09-03 | Process and device for introducing additive materials in a receptacle at the area of highest pressure |
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US (2) | US20100101454A1 (pt) |
EP (2) | EP2091640B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP4965663B2 (pt) |
KR (1) | KR101120831B1 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN101622060B (pt) |
AT (2) | AT504709B1 (pt) |
AU (1) | AU2007324321B2 (pt) |
BR (1) | BRPI0718983A2 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2669256C (pt) |
DE (1) | DE502007004288D1 (pt) |
DK (2) | DK2091640T3 (pt) |
ES (2) | ES2347194T3 (pt) |
MX (1) | MX2009005376A (pt) |
PL (2) | PL2091640T3 (pt) |
PT (2) | PT2091640E (pt) |
RU (1) | RU2411072C1 (pt) |
SI (2) | SI2196255T1 (pt) |
TW (1) | TWI343310B (pt) |
UA (1) | UA92418C2 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2008061269A1 (pt) |
ZA (1) | ZA200903179B (pt) |
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