TWI343310B - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einbringung von zusatzstoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI343310B
TWI343310B TW96143889A TW96143889A TWI343310B TW I343310 B TWI343310 B TW I343310B TW 96143889 A TW96143889 A TW 96143889A TW 96143889 A TW96143889 A TW 96143889A TW I343310 B TWI343310 B TW I343310B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
container
additives
additive
particles
side wall
Prior art date
Application number
TW96143889A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW200831261A (en
Inventor
Wendelin Gerhard
Hackl Manfred
Feichtinger Klaus
Original Assignee
Erema
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Publication date
Application filed by Erema filed Critical Erema
Publication of TW200831261A publication Critical patent/TW200831261A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI343310B publication Critical patent/TWI343310B/zh

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    • A61B5/24Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
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    • B29B7/30Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
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    • A61B5/6847Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
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    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Description

1343310 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種如申請專利範圍第1項之前言 (preamble)的方法以及一種如申請專利範圍第1〇項之前 言的裝置,用以實施該方法。 【先前技術】 在習知技術中,已有大量已知從上方將液體添加劑嘴 注至塑膠材料上,或者在流體床過程(fluid bed process)中將 其添加的處理方法和使用裝置。 由美國專利第4,522,957號能夠獲知在混合器内將液體 添加劑添加至塑膠顆粒的技術。 在專利WO 00/38895中,為減少塵害和灰塵的形成, 進一步改進了該類處理方法,在第一步,於逆向流程序中, 在喷霧室内將液體添加劑喷注至塑膠顆粒上,接著進行靜 態混合製程。 在專利EP 7624中,亦即於惰性氣體流中,將液體添 加劑添加至塑膠顆粒。 在專利W0 84/02530中,塑膠顆粒首先被迴旋進連續 混合器内,在擾動態(turbulent state)下,於氣流中以高熱液 體添加劑將塑膠顆粒潤濕。 μ 由專利W0 9425509中所得知處理方法中,經由噴嘴, 在混合裝置中以液體添加劑使聚合物顆粒潤濕,而為了改 善潤濕度,塑膠顆粒的表面為不規則構造或者為粗糙表面。 在專利WO 2006/010291中描述的方法和混合裝置 中,經由混合器令的注射裝置將液體添加劑添加至塑膠顆 粒,形成混合物後,接著到達擠壓機。 此外,從專利EP 9817中也可得知一方法,在該方法 5 1343310 中,首先以“偶合劑,,或者載體將塑膠顆粒潤濕,以確保在 塑膠顆粒的表面上獲得較佳的液體添加劑分配。特別值得 一提的是,將石蠟或類石蠟物質作為偶合劑。 力方法中,_添加劑添 =成管狀鑄件’而粉狀固體則從“狀‘:::心 來達成。 ,而,此類方法主要僅適合於高流動性 ,口劑’但對高黏性、流動緩慢 適。=實例中,塑膠材料的潤濕並不完 古、^果將1^雛的添加劑加熱至較高溫度,儘管能夠以 置的導致配料時的困難性或不正確性,並造成裝 【發明内容】 且呈ί::的:輕易 '均勻地將非乾燥 非期望處造成污染。、、加,並能夠防止沉積物在 k些目的分別係藉由申請專利範圍第卜⑴項的技術 6 1343310 特徵來達成。 本發明的方法及其裝置使得添加劑或塗層物質可非常 均-、均勻、有利地應用於碎片的、顆粒狀材料,以此達 到材料顆粒的表面完全潤濕的效果。 此外’根據本發明的方法,因為所使用添加劑的全部 用量皆被直接導入材料顆粒中,添加劑沉積的情況沒有可 能,生’所以即使最少量的添加劑也能被精確地配製。尤 其是’可保縣加劑不會直接與容器或者反應器的任何 ^部件接觸’如料會導致在反應㈣的础望處出現由 派縮、或者固化的添加劑的材料沉積所引起的任 繁清洗。與將添加劑從上_ 物或者帶有添加劑的灰塵可大幅減 :轉:此!^ 者攜帶添加劑並流出那裡。 X取或 因此,藉由本發明的方法,整個表 加劑被最佳地分佈在_的混合物巾。 Ί、’且添 優點在申請專利範圍的附屬項中,將可發現本發明的其他 設置在容器二個送料裝置係 該容器。 次者攸5亥奋益側壁的内側通向 有多種將送料裝置連接並設置 疋,將多個送料裝置設置在容器底部上方或者 7 1343310 且較佳將該些祕裝置均自地分佈在容 另-可能性是將各個送料裝置排列成直線的垂直行 (stmlght vert— _),或者彼此疊在頂端對角線地向上延 伸排成-列,視需要偏置或呈螺旋的形式。特別地,站 送料裝置也可統計上地或均勻地分佈,或者僅提供單^ 送料裝置。 μ 該些送料裝置係設置在容器中,並使該些送 中之材料的水平面之下,以使添㈣能 夠被早獨地直接添加至―賴量的旋撕料齡中。在大 4刀凊况下,由谷器中的材料顆粒的運動可形成混合旋 ί缝!丨圖中表示出。在整觸呈中,混合旋;的 遺、’彖或八攻兩水平面有利地應該位於送料裝置的上方。 〃該些送料裝置係有利地設置在容器中之該材料或者由 ,轉έ亥材,所造成的混合旋渦的滿位線(^丨)的中間 二分之一區域(middle third area),使得添加劑可在該歧封 料顆粒上均勻地分佈。 一
的相同水平面上, 器内壁的週邊上。 尤其疋對非常高黏性的添加劑而言,將該些送料裝置 有矛]地》又置在6玄谷器内側的一區域或一水平面上,而在該 ,域$該水平面上移動的或旋轉的該些材料顆粒可施加最 回的壓力。藉此,保證了材料的較佳分佈。該區域或者由 材料所施加在側壁上的壓力係取決於混合器的 類型、數量和型式。 "亥广送料裝置可在谷态的内側形成簡單的給料連接管 或者送料口或者設計成送料噴嘴形式。添加劑較佳藉由例 如回輪,或隔膜泵的配料泵來配料或供應,以控制添加劑 ^ H、、加畺。如上所述,因為所有的添加劑能夠被直接導入 该些材料顆粒中,所以添加劑能夠精確地配料,而無損失。 8 由沉積等所造成的損失則會大幅地降低。 為了不擾亂容ϋ中該些材_㈣運動,送料 =地與容器的側壁齊平而密封,並不在容器内部伸出或 通#,紙被導入進該材料的添加劑係從送料裝置以 或者以餘形式出現。由混合器所造成的運動 二著i'=r_與添加 立即直接地帶走,因此可較佳地分佈“ 添加劑而言’為了使添加劑在材料顆粒令獲得 容器壁對添加劑的潤濕性是需要的。為達 到上述效果,提供一種附加的分開之加孰裝置, 2熱^僅能對容器側壁的内側或者容器的側壁進二口 二之加熱裝置不受可調和的或可加熱的混合器或 之材料用的加熱裝置的限制。依此方式,會 降低’而添加劑的流動性因而提高,容 性。因此’添加劑獅 及1二黏性添加劑的阻塞,送料裝置本身 常)„供料槽也是可加細。依此方式,例如 ί ί充分地流動化形式添加固體或者聚狀石 照情況夠導入高黏性的添加劑,亦能夠依 加劑所施加的壓力或者供給添加劑所施 ^尤其疋以對應的程度選擇所需的壓力。 持較ΐ的二2地在增加的溫度下處理材料或者寧可保 料顆粒可餅^的降低,朗該些材 1343310 此外,可有利地避免或者減少容器内壁對添加劑的 濕二舉例而言,藉由容器壁的特殊塗層或者也藉由特殊^ 壓花即可完成。依此方式,黏附在容器内壁的添加劑 滴能夠更容易從側壁鬆脫,而更加容易被材料或者移 材料顆粒攜帶走,因此可省略容器壁的潤濕。 ‘ 由本發明下述之實施方式及所附圖式,本發明 述及其他目的、特徵、觀點及優點將會更加明瞭。w 【實施方式】 第1圖係顯示本發明裝置的示意剖面圖,而該 裝置為多種實施例中之習知裝置。 、的 第1圖所示為切割壓縮機形式的裝置, 的4=合器4。在該壓碎和混合 :擠壓機的外殼2係連接至該開:二 ===:卜殼2中。由螺== 桿外殼出現。當塑膠經由出σ 7從螺 進行融化或塑化。容先娜機内 或者顆粒狀形式存在,使二器】内以碎片 (^iwaste) 的。由於混合器纖維、新聞紙等也是可行 移動或者旋轉,因此各:二==铺粒的連續動態 於混合器4的構造,Γ破充分混合。視需要,取決 或亦可經加熱、或乾/、亦可經壓碎和/或被預先壓緊, ""*或結晶。在容器1内的材料顆粒, 尤其是塑膠材料齡的運動,可確保在加熱時 不黏貼在一起,並確保材料碎片的特徵保持完蚊。,顆粒 此外,給料連接管形式的送料裝置10'被^1 ° 側壁的下部區域内,並經由開口而通向該容器i ς 口藉由與側壁的内表面齊平而密封,而送料^置ι〇力=二 何部分伸進容器1内部。經由該送料裝置1^,能夠 或多種添加劑或者塗層物質調配至容器丨内。 成能適合於供給特姻顆粒狀、 匕非乾燥粒狀、或者非乾燥晶體狀的添 力口劑。乾_末狀或者減添加劑,如綱、填料等材料 在大多數情況下由頂雜由簡單的送觸斗添加。此外, 可用祕吸的高流紐或是雜的固職、相體狀 黎狀的添加劑’尤其是高黏性材料可經由送料裝置1〇添 ,。舉例來說’送料裝置能適合於添加高流動性添加劑(例 如可塑劑、過氧化物等)、紐植狀添加劑、或是且有乳 脂狀或漿狀稠度的固體添加劑(例如油脂、或石犧了或聚 ί”體添加劑—詞是指,例如石蝶或油脂,儘管其在 ,溫本質上穩定,但仍是可延展且可模壓的。利用載體溶 ,作為分散m镇,或是作躺雜或乳狀液,最初 為粉狀的添加劑或聚集物(例如顏料、填料等)也能夠被 添加。 參閱第1圖’送料裝置10被置於容器1中之旋轉物質 顆粒的水平面町,或者被置於混合㈣的最高邊緣的下 方。添加劑因此不是例如藉由姐或者滴加的方式由頂部 ’恭加’而疋經由容器1的側壁添加。送料裝置1〇或者送料 匕ί移?通過的材料不斷地沖刷,而出現的添加劑被 ::二’藉此’將添加劑提供至該些材料顆粒,並分散 或者分佈在材料顆粒中。 1343310 材料顆粒的表面越大,添加劑的分佈 添加量在0.01至20重量更仏 其是指反應⑽加綱添加,添加,尤 所稀釋的程度而定,舉例而言係 ==,终载體 材料(receivermaterial)時,添加劑的旦“片作為接收 添加劑的最大用量為潤濕容^、二=.2至0.6% ° 或者潤濕容器1中的材料顆粒的:、料的整個表面 取決於所使躲加__及^^量。 該材料的反應可能要直到到物壓、^應添加劑與 (molten mass)時才會發生。 夺或者在熔融體 最後,在擠壓機内將該材料*八 、 過滤及/或除錢體步驟。 u献’視需要’再經 者更多個步驟來進行由本:g、二但也可包括經由兩個或 驟中已被添加至連 内。據此’送料裝_設置在二二?者第-谷益1 步處理及/或其他添加劑的添i預二材=進: 均會在另外的容器1内進行。/ /、乾或者結晶
12 f S 1343.310 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明裝置的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 容器 2 外殼 3 擠壓機螺桿 4 混合器 5 驅動發動機 6 驅動發動機 7 出口 10 送料裝置

Claims (1)

  1. 私。年 申請專利範圍 用於導八或添加魏_粒狀、尤其是非乾燥粉狀 =加劑或塗層物質之方法,該些添加劑或該些塗層物 ft液體、固體、半固體或者體的稍度,視需要 ;:ΓΓ或舰*的形式,尤其是具有較高祕性,該些添 或該些塗層物質例如為魏化物、油脂、石壤,W
    ^劑、聚合物等,將該些添加劑或該些塗層物質導入 =的、視需要加熱及擠壓的碎片狀或顆粒狀的—材料 :而該材料係在-容器或者一切割壓縮機⑴内移動, 3料尤其是指聚合物雛或者㈣、木賊維、紙碎 從谷器(1)令之該材料或該些材料顆粒的水平面 1下的位置來添加該些添加劑,其特徵在於,從該容器 (1」的-區域或-水平面來添加該些添加劑,尤其是^ p两雜的添加劑,而在該區域或該水平面的該些材 二,粒尤其疋在该谷益⑴中旋轉的該些材料顆粒可 τ»亥谷器(1)的側壁施加最高的壓力。
    2, ^申請專利棚帛丨項所述之方法,其特徵在於,在容 =⑴中之雜料或者由旋轉該簡所造成的混合旋渦 的滿位線的中間三分之-區域,添加該些添加劑。 3. 如申請專利範圍帛!項所述之方法其特徵在於該政 添加劑經由-個或多個設置在容器⑴側壁内側上^ 料裝置(10)或者穿過側壁的開口添加,尤其是,該些 送料裝置(1G)或開口係以送料σ或者喷嘴形式分佈& 水平面的週輕者彼此疊在與排成—列,且該些 ^:料裝置(10)視需要可藉蝴如錄泵或隨栗之配 料泵供應。 14 4‘如申請專利範圍帛1項所述之方法,其特徵在於, 容器⑴中的該些材料顆粒的水平面或藉由運動所 的混合旋渦的水平面一直保持在該些送料裝置的 5‘如申請專利細第1項所述之方法,其特徵在於,通過 或者利用沿著或#著該容n⑴側壁的内側擦過的該些 旋轉材料顆粒而將該些添加劑攜帶至或導入至該容养 (1)中,藉此方式,將該些送料裝置(1〇)或該=添二 劑方用至該些材料顆粒上〇 \ 6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其舰在於,在加 ^添加劑之前及/或加入添加劑的過程中,不受加熱之容 器(1)中之該材料的溫度限制,另外分開地對容(1) 的内側或側壁加熱,以減少加入的添加劑的黏性並加 其潤濕性。 7. 如=請專利範圍第丨項所述之方法,其特徵在於,取決 於浴液的稀釋度,添加劑的最終載體係以佔最終產品的 重蓋之0.01和20重量%的用量添加至該些添加劑, 尤其是該些反應性添加劑。 8. 如申5專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其特徵在於,所添 ,的該些添加劑的最大數量為達到潤濕該容器(丨)中之 該材料或該些材料顆粒的整個表面所需的數量。 9. 一種用以實施如申請專利範圍第丨至8項中任一項所述 器或至少-個切 ,該混合直 材料id的碎片狀或顆粒狀的材料旋轉,該待處理的 _ i ^雜化的聚合物顆粒形式_膠材料、木 等,同時縣置具有至少-個非乾燥顆 ^ ^ 送料裝置(1G),該些添加劑具有液 乳化的料、^體或者餘體軸度,視需要為懸浮或 為過氧’尤妓具雜高的雜,添加劑例如 化物、油脂、石犧’ IV改良劑、聚合物等,其中, 純t該送料裝置(10)係設置在容器⑴中之該 材料或轉材料縣的水平面 置⑽係設置在該容器⑴、 1此奸二谷盗(1)的該區域中,移動的或較佳旋轉的 I材科難可_容器(1) _壁施加最高的壓力。 ms細第9項所狀裝置,其舰在於,該送 置(0)係没置在該容器⑴側壁的内側上,或通向容 盗(1) ’或形成在容器(1)的側壁中。 .申請專穩圍第9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該些 ^料裝置(10)係均勻分佈在該容器⑴側壁的的週邊g 同一水平面上,或者彼此疊在頂端排成一列。 12·如申請專利範群9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該些 送料裝置(10)係設置在距離混合器⑷的底部的同二 水平面或者同一距離上,其中,該些送料裝置(1〇) 係一直位於在容器(1) _旋轉的該些材料顆粒的過程 1343310 巧裝置’其特徵在於,該些 ^枓裝置⑽係攻置在容器⑴中之該材料 &旋渴的過程性給定滿位線的中間三分之一區域:、’ _. 丨4.如申請專利範圍第9項所述之裝置,1^ J料裝置(10)係設置為出口或噴嘴結;冓::該些送: • 佳歸由例如絲泵或隔駭之配 是設置成使該些添加劑能夠 15' 專署^圍/9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該此 置猎賴該容器⑴的側壁齊平而密封,尤i 财11⑴之内側伸出或突出至該容器(Γ) • 16.第,述之裝置,其特徵在於,不受 ;Μ °χ二此合器(4)或加熱該材料用之加埶穿置 Jff亥材料的限制,或是除了藉由例如混合器、f4) ίΐ熱;,之加熱裝置來加熱該材料之外,ii 加熱裝置,使職分開的加熱裝置^ 送⑴的内側、以及視需要還包括該些 地加^,以減或其供給線路或供料槽能夠被分開 器(^則壁‘^的添加劑的黏性’並提高該容 17 •如專利範圍第9項所述之裝置,其特徵在於,該容 :内側的表面係由不可潤濕的表面所形成,尤且 疋,猎由施加一抗黏塗層、壓花等,或 會勤~加劑 該些送料裝詈Μ、及r , 仰州〜谷裔U),而 叶我置⑴絲少設置在第一容器⑴中。
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DK2196255T3 (da) 2013-02-11
TW200831261A (en) 2008-08-01
EP2196255A1 (de) 2010-06-16
AT504709B1 (de) 2008-09-15
PT2196255E (pt) 2012-12-04
EP2091640A1 (de) 2009-08-26
CN101622060B (zh) 2013-03-06
JP2010510052A (ja) 2010-04-02
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US20170008194A9 (en) 2017-01-12
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