US20030177802A1 - Circular-shaped metal structure, method of fabricating the same, and apparatus for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Circular-shaped metal structure, method of fabricating the same, and apparatus for fabricating the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030177802A1
US20030177802A1 US10/391,862 US39186203A US2003177802A1 US 20030177802 A1 US20030177802 A1 US 20030177802A1 US 39186203 A US39186203 A US 39186203A US 2003177802 A1 US2003177802 A1 US 2003177802A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
pipe
jig
circular
metal structure
shaped metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US10/391,862
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English (en)
Inventor
Youji Ito
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endo Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Endo Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to K.K. ENDO SEISAKUSHO reassignment K.K. ENDO SEISAKUSHO ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ITO, YOUJI
Publication of US20030177802A1 publication Critical patent/US20030177802A1/en
Priority to US11/739,025 priority Critical patent/US7963016B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/14—Spinning
    • B21D22/16—Spinning over shaping mandrels or formers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/14—Making other particular articles belts, e.g. machine-gun belts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49998—Work holding

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thin-walled circular-shaped metal structure and a method of fabricating the same, and more particularly to such a metal structure usable as a photosensitive drum or a fixing roller in an electrophotographic printer or copier, and a method of fabricating the same.
  • Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2001-225134 has suggested a method of fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure, including the steps of rotating a pipe around an axis thereof, and compressing a jig onto an outer surface of the pipe while the pipe is kept in rotation.
  • the pipe is composed of a plastic-workable metal, and has a bottom or no bottom. The method reduces a thickness of a wall of the pipe, and lengthens a length of the pipe.
  • a circular-shaped metal structure fabricated by plastic working and having a thickness with a tolerance equal to or smaller than ⁇ 2.5 micrometers.
  • the plastic working is spinning working.
  • circular-shaped metal structure covers a structure composed of a metal and having a cross-section in a direction perpendicular to an axis thereof which is closed and is in the form of a loop.
  • a typical circular-shaped metal structure is a metal cylinder.
  • a belt, a sleeve, a pipe and the like are all included in a circular-shaped metal structure.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure may include a seam extending in an axis-wise direction thereof. However, it is preferable that the circular-shaped metal structure includes no seams extending in an axis-wise direction thereof.
  • a fixing roller or fixing film to be used in an electrophotographic printer or copier, having a smaller volume may be heated in a shorter period of time to a desired temperature with smaller power consumption.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure having a thickness smaller than 0.03 mm can reduce a period of time necessary for heating itself, and further reduce power consumption for heating itself.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure has a thickness smaller than 0.03 mm by applying plastic-working thereto, the circular-shaped metal structure could have a higher strength than a circular-shaped metal structure fabricated by forging.
  • a circular-shaped metal structure may be fabricated by a method including the steps of rounding a thin film, and welding the thus rounded film into a cylinder-shaped film. According to the method, any metal may be used for fabricating a metal cylindrical film.
  • the method is accompanied with such a problem of shortage in a mechanical strength and non-uniformity in a shape of a cylinder, due to a bead treatment applied to a welded portion, and further due to a defect in a welded portion with respect to a metal structure.
  • a metal cylindrical film is fabricated in the method by splicing thin films to each other, a skill is required and it takes much time to do so, resulting in an increase in cost and absence of mass-productivity. Hence, the method is not put to practical use yet.
  • a method of fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including the steps of (a) rotating a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) moving a jig towards the pipe in a direction perpendicular to the axis until the jig makes contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compressing the jig onto the pipe, (c) moving the jig in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jig being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated, (d) measuring a thickness of a wall of the pipe during the step (c), and (e) adjusting a pressure with which the jig is compressed onto the pipe, in accordance with the thickness measured in the step (d).
  • the plastic-workable metal may be selected from a group consisting of stainless steel, rolled nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum, molybdenum, hastelloy, permalloy, marageing steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, pure iron and steel.
  • a method of fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including the steps of (a) rotating a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) moving a plurality of jigs towards the pipe in different directions from one another in a plane perpendicular to the axis until the jigs make contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compressing the jigs onto the pipe, and (c) moving the jigs in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jigs being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated.
  • the jigs are arranged around the pipe such that each of the jigs is equally spaced away from adjacent ones in a circumference angle.
  • the number of the jigs is three, in which case, the jigs are arranged in 120 degrees circumferentially around the pipe.
  • a method of fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including the steps of (a) rotating a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) moving a jig towards the pipe in a direction perpendicular to the axis until the jig makes contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compressing the jig onto the pipe, (c) moving the jig in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jig being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated, and (d) controlling a rate at which the jig is moved in the step (c).
  • an apparatus for fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including (a) a pipe rotator which rotates a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) a jig, (c) a first device which moves the jig towards the pipe in a direction perpendicular to the axis until the jig makes contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compresses the jig onto the pipe, (d) a second device which moves the jig in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jig being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated, (e) a third device which measures a thickness of a wall of the pipe, and (f) a fourth device which adjusts a pressure with which the jig is compressed onto the pipe, in accordance with the thickness measured by the third device.
  • the jig has an acute-angled top.
  • the jig may be comprised of a roller.
  • an apparatus for fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including (a) a pipe rotator which rotates a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) a plurality of jigs, (c) a first device which moves the plurality of jigs towards the pipe in different directions from one another in a plane perpendicular to the axis until the jigs make contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compresses the jigs onto the pipe, (d) a second device which moves the jigs in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jigs being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated.
  • the jigs are arranged around the pipe such that each of the jigs is equally spaced away from adjacent ones in a circumference angle.
  • the number of the jigs is three, in which case, the jigs are arranged in 120 degrees circumferentially around the pipe.
  • an apparatus for fabricating a circular-shaped metal structure including (a) a pipe rotator which rotates a pipe around an axis thereof, the pipe being composed of a plastic-workable metal, (b) a jig, (c) a first device which moves the jig towards the pipe in a direction perpendicular to the axis until the jig makes contact with an outer surface of the pipe, and compresses the jig onto the pipe, (d) a second device which moves the jig in a direction in parallel with the axis with the jig being compressed onto the pipe while the pipe is kept rotated, and (e) a third device which controls a rate at which the jig is moved by the second device.
  • a photosensitive drum to be used in an electrophotographic printer the photosensitive drum being comprised of the above-mentioned circular-shaped metal structure.
  • a fixing belt to be used in an electrophotographic printer the fixing belt being comprised of the above-mentioned circular-shaped metal structure.
  • a roller assembly including (a) at least two rollers arranged such that axes of the rollers are directed in parallel to each other, and (b) a belt wound around the rollers, the belt being comprised of the above-mentioned circular-shaped metal structure.
  • a printing technology in a printer or copier has remarkably developed. For instance, any document can be copied in full color. Hence, a black-and-white printer or copier will be required to have higher definition in the future, and a color printer or copier will be required to have a high quality and a high printing speed, and to be fabricated in a smaller cost.
  • a photosensitive drum and a thermal fixing section are important keys to meet with such requirements.
  • a thermal fixing roller or film it is required to have a nip area as wide as possible in order to enhance a thermal coefficient and have a qualified image, regardless of whether a thermal fixing roller or film is of a belt type or a thin-walled sleeve type.
  • a thin-walled circular-shaped metal structure fabricated in accordance with the invention can be used as a belt or sleeve having a high elasticity, high mechanical strength, and high resistance to fatigue.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure fabricated in accordance with the invention has higher durability, higher resistance to heat, higher rigidity and longer lifetime than those of a belt composed of resin or nickel, fabricated in accordance with the conventional method.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure fabricated in accordance with the invention may be used as a belt. Hence, it will be possible to downsize a printer or copier by using the circular-shaped metal structure fabricated in accordance with the invention, as a belt, in place of a conventional roller or sleeve having a relatively great thickness.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure has a high thermal conductivity and a small thermal capacity. Accordingly, when the circular-shaped metal structure is used as a fixing drum, the fixing drum can be rapidly warmed up. Thus, a period of time for fixation can be shortened. In addition, the fixing drum would have a high thermal conductivity, resulting in reduction in power consumption, and hence, significant cost down.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure fabricated in accordance with the invention may be used as a belt in a photosensitive drum. Since a stainless steel of which the circular-shaped metal structure is made would have an enhanced strength by being spun, it would be possible to enhance a flatness and rigidity between axes when a tension force is applied to the circular-shaped metal structure used as a belt, in comparison with a conventional belt composed of resin.
  • the circular-shaped metal structure when used as a belt, since the circular-shaped metal structure has a high Young's modulus, it would be possible to eliminate non-uniformity in rotation caused by extension and/or extraction, unlike a conventional belt composed of resin. As a result, accuracy in feeding could be enhanced, ensuring qualified images.
  • FIG. 1 includes cross-sectional and perspective views showing a step of fabricating a pipe having a bottom, by warm or cold drawing.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an apparatus of spinning a pipe.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the step of cutting a pipe fabricated by spinning, at opposite ends thereof.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another apparatus of spinning a pipe.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a cylindrical metal film used as a part of a roller assembly.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the roller assembly illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the roller assembly illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a cylindrical metal film used as a fixing roller.
  • a thin metal sheet 1 is placed between a female jig 2 and a punch 3 to fabricate a pipe 4 having a bottom. Deeper the pipe 4 is, more readily the pipe 4 can be spun. Hence, it is preferable that the pipe 4 is fabricated by warm drawing where the female jig 2 is heated and the punch 3 is cooled.
  • a SUS304 plate is pressed by warm and cold drawing. If a SUS304 plate is pressed at a room temperature, a critical drawing ratio, which is defined as a ratio of a diameter (A) of a cylindrical object to a diameter (B) of a punch (A/B), is 2.0. In contrast, if a SUS304 plate is pressed by warm drawing, a critical drawing ratio can be enhanced up to 2.6. Thus, when a pipe having a bottom is to be pressed, the pipe could be deeper if pressed by warm drawing than if pressed by cold drawing.
  • the metal sheet 1 In warm drawing, it is preferable for the metal sheet 1 to have a thickness in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, and more preferable to have a thickness in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
  • the pipe 4 is annealed such that the pipe 4 has a desired hardness.
  • the pipe 4 is subject to spinning working by means of a spinning machine.
  • the spinning machine is comprised of a pipe rotator 5 which rotates the pipe 4 around an axis thereof, a jig 6 having a top having an acute angle, a mover 7 movable both in a direction B perpendicular to the axis of the pipe 4 and in a direction A parallel to the axis of the pipe 4 , a sensor 20 which measures a thickness of a wall 4 a of the pipe 4 and transmits a signal 20 a indicative of a measured thickness of a wall of the pipe 4 , and a controller 30 which moves mover 7 in the direction B in accordance with the signal 20 a transmitted from the sensor 20 , to thereby reduce a thickness of a wall of the pipe 4 , and controls a moving speed of the mover 7 in the direction A.
  • the jig 6 is fixed to the mover 7 , and hence, can move both in the directions A and B together with the mover 7 .
  • the pipe rotator 5 is inserted into the pipe 4 having a bottom 4 b , and then, the pipe rotator 5 starts rotating the pipe 4 around an axis of the pipe 4 .
  • the controller 7 moves the mover 7 and the jig 6 in the direction B until the jig 6 makes contact with an outer surface of a wall 4 a of the pipe 4 . Then, the controller 7 further moves the mover 7 and hence the jig 6 in the direction B such that the jig 6 is compressed onto the outer wall 4 a of the pipe 4 at a uniform pressure. Then, spinning working to the outer wall 4 a of the pipe 4 starts.
  • the jig 6 is fixed to the mover 7 .
  • By moving the jig 6 through the mover 7 it is possible to locate the jig 6 remote from an outer surface of the pipe rotator 5 by a certain distance.
  • a distance between the jig 6 and an outer surface of the pipe rotator 5 would be equal to a thickness of a later mentioned metal cylinder 8 .
  • the mover 7 moves the jig 6 far away from a bottom 4 b of the pipe 4 , that is, to a direction C with the jig 6 being pressed onto the outer wall 4 a of the pipe 4 .
  • the outer wall 4 a of the pipe 4 is drawn, and hence, lengthened and reduced in a thickness.
  • the pipe 4 would have a thickness equal to a distance between a top of the jig 6 and an outer surface of the pipe rotator 5 .
  • the jig 6 is designed to have a conical top for drawing the outer wall 4 a of the pipe 4 .
  • a roller made of a hard material may be used in place of the jig 6 .
  • the sensor 20 measures a thickness of the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 in the direction A while the jig 6 draws the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 , and transmits a signal 20 a indicative of the measured thickness of the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 , to the controller 30 .
  • the controller 30 On receipt of the signal 20 a from the sensor 20 , if the controller 30 judges a thickness of the wall 4 a is thicker than a predetermined thickness, the controller 30 moves the mover 7 further towards the pipe 4 , that is, varies a pressure exerted onto an outer surface of the wall 4 a , and causes the jig 6 to draw the wall 4 a until the wall 4 a reaches a predetermined thickness.
  • the sensor 20 in cooperation with the controller 30 makes it possible for the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 to have a constant thickness.
  • the controller 30 may move the jig 6 back to the certain portion, and causes the jig 6 to draw the certain portion until the certain portion has a predetermined thickness.
  • the senor 20 may be comprised of a supersonic pulse reflection type sensor which transmits supersonic pulses to an object, and receives supersonic pulses having been reflected at the object. Since supersonic pulses reflect at different materials at different reflection rates, it would be possible to measure a thickness of the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 , if the pipe 4 and the pipe rotator 5 are composed of different materials from each other.
  • any sensor might be selected as the sensor 20 for sensing a thickness of the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 , unless it can measure a thickness of the wall 4 a.
  • the mover 7 is designed as a single device in the embodiment, the mover 7 may be designed to be comprised of a first device for moving the jig 6 in the direction B and a second device for moving the jig 6 in the direction A.
  • the controller 30 further controls a speed at which the mover 7 moves in the direction A.
  • the controller 30 may not only move the mover 7 further towards the pipe 4 , but also move the mover 7 more slowly in the direction A, and causes the jig 6 to draw the wall 4 a until the wall 4 a reaches a predetermined thickness.
  • the spinning machine may be of a horizontal type or a vertical type. From the standpoint of workability, it is preferable to select a horizontal type spinning machine.
  • the pipe 4 is cut at its opposite ends by means of a cutter 7 such that the pipe 4 has a desired length and having a thickness smaller than 0.03 mm, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the pipe 4 is finished so as to have an outer diameter at an opening end with a tolerance equal to or smaller than 0.05%.
  • a tolerance is equal to or smaller than 15 micrometers.
  • the metal cylinder 8 is composed of SUS304
  • the metal cylinder may be composed of materials other than SUS.
  • the metal cylinder may be composed of stainless steel, rolled nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, tantalum, molybdenum, hastelloy, permalloy, marageing steel, aluminum, aluminum alloy, copper, copper alloy, pure iron or steel.
  • the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 is drawn by the single jig 6 .
  • a plurality of jigs 6 may be used for drawing the pipe 4 .
  • FIG. 4 illustrates one example of arrangement of the jigs, in which three jigs 6 A, 6 B and 6 C are arranged around a center of the pipe 4 in 120-degree circumference angles. Each of the jigs 6 A, 6 B and 6 C is fixed to a mover 7 A, 7 B and 7 C, respectively.
  • the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 By drawing the wall 4 a of the pipe 4 by means of the three jigs 6 A, 6 B and 6 C, it would be possible to prevent deviation of an axis X of the pipe rotator 5 while the pipe 4 is drawn, ensuring that the wall 4 a is drawn with high accuracy. As a result, the wall 4 a can be drawn to a thickness or smaller than 0.03 mm, for instance.
  • jigs may be used for drawing the pipe 4 , in which case, it is preferable that the jigs are arranged around the pipe 4 at a common circumference angle.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 illustrate an example of a use of the above-mentioned metal cylindrical film.
  • the metal cylindrical film may be used as a part of a roller assembly.
  • a metal cylindrical film 8 A is wound around two rollers 9 and 11 arranged such that axes of the rollers 9 and 11 are parallel to each other.
  • the metal cylindrical film 8 A has the same width as a length of the rollers 9 and 11 , and hence, entirely covers the rollers 9 and 11 therewith.
  • the metal cylindrical film 8 A is composed of SUS304, and has a thickness of 0.05 mm or 50 micrometers.
  • each of the rollers 9 and 11 has a support shaft 12 and 13 projecting in an axis-wise direction thereof from opposite end surfaces of the rollers 9 and 11 .
  • the rollers 9 and 11 are supported with sidewalls 14 at which the support shafts 12 and 13 are rotatably supported.
  • the sidewall 14 is formed with a circular hole 15 having the same diameter as a diameter of the support shaft 12 , and an elongate hole 16 having a height equal to a diameter of the support shaft 13 and a horizontal length longer than a diameter of the support shaft 13 .
  • the roller 9 is supported with the sidewall 14 by inserting the support shaft 12 into the circular hole 15 .
  • the roller 11 is fixed to the sidewall 14 by inserting the support shaft 13 into the elongate hole 16 , and fixing the support shaft 13 at a desired location in the elongate hole 16 by means of a bolt and a nut, for instance.
  • the metal cylindrical film 8 A can be kept in tension by adjusting a location at which the roller 11 is fixed.
  • the roller assembly as illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7 may be used as a photosensitive drum, or a heater roll or a fixing roll in a printer.
  • the roller 9 and 11 can have a smaller diameter than a diameter of a conventional photosensitive drum. Hence, it would be possible to fabricate a photosensitive drum having a smaller height than a height of a conventional photosensitive height. Thus, by incorporating the roller assembly including the metal cylindrical film 8 A, into a printer, it would be possible to make a height of a printer significantly smaller.
  • the roller assembly including the metal cylindrical film 8 A has a planar portion 17 on the metal cylindrical film 8 A in dependence on a distance between the rollers 9 and 11 , as illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • toner adhering to a paper can be thermally fixed onto the paper on the planar portion 17 , which ensures a wider area for thermally fixating toner, than an area presented by a conventional heater roll.
  • thermal fixation it would be possible to carry out thermal fixation more stably, ensuring enhancement in a quality of printed images and/or characters.
  • a developing unit may be arranged on the planar portion 17 .
  • the metal cylindrical film 8 A since the metal cylindrical film 8 A is thin, the metal cylindrical film 8 A has a high thermal conductivity. That is, heat is likely to be transferred through the metal cylindrical film 8 A. This ensures it possible to remarkably shorten a period of time necessary for heating a heater roll in comparison with a conventional heater roll. Accordingly, it is possible to shorten a period of time after a printer has been turned on until the printer becomes workable.
  • FIG. 8 shows another use of a metal cylindrical film.
  • a metal cylindrical film 8 B may be used as a thermally fixing roll. As illustrated in FIG. 8, a pair of guides 18 is incorporated in the metal cylindrical film 8 B.
  • the guides 18 have an arcuate outer surface, and hence, can keep the metal cylindrical film 8 B to be a cylinder.
  • a heater 19 is sandwiched between the guides 18 .
  • the heater 19 is comprised of a halogen lamp or a ceramic heater, for instance.
  • a nip roll 21 is located in facing relation to the metal cylindrical film 8 B formed as a thermally fixing roll.
  • a sheet 22 to which toner is adhered is fed towards the metal cylindrical film 8 B and the nip roll 21 , and then, sandwiched between the metal cylindrical film 8 B and the nip roll 21 , and subsequently, heated by the heater 19 . As a result, toner is thermally fixed to the sheet 22 .
  • the heater 19 can be arranged in the metal cylindrical film 8 B, and hence, heat generated by the heater 19 can be transferred directly to the metal cylindrical film 8 B. Thus, it would be possible to significantly enhance a heat transfer efficiency from the heater 19 to the metal cylindrical film 8 B.
  • the metal cylindrical film 8 B is formed of a thin metal sheet, it is possible to rapidly heat the metal cylindrical film 8 B up to a temperature necessary for fixing toner onto the sheet 22 . Namely, it is possible to shorten a period of time after a printer has been turned on until the printer becomes workable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Electrophotography Configuration And Component (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
US10/391,862 2002-03-22 2003-03-19 Circular-shaped metal structure, method of fabricating the same, and apparatus for fabricating the same Abandoned US20030177802A1 (en)

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JP2002-81679 2002-03-22
JP2002081679A JP3499233B2 (ja) 2002-03-22 2002-03-22 金属円筒体及びその製造方法並びに製造装置

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US (2) US20030177802A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1348498B1 (de)
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CN112577387A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-03-30 华侨大学 一种基于视觉千分尺的测量钢管内外壁及壁厚测量方法
US11072012B2 (en) * 2017-05-05 2021-07-27 Leifeld Metal Spinning Ag Method and device for incremental forming of a metal workpiece
CN114406080A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-29 中国航空制造技术研究院 一种带内筋薄壁构件的挤旋成形方法及成形工装

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JP4911739B2 (ja) * 2008-07-28 2012-04-04 株式会社ディムコ 回転加工装置における金属円筒体加工方法
CN101745577B (zh) * 2008-12-17 2012-06-20 北京有色金属研究总院 一种碳钢内衬不锈钢复合管旋压加工方法
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CN101767139A (zh) * 2010-03-04 2010-07-07 刘江 打印机、复印机用超薄圆筒不锈钢管膜的捋加工方法
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