TWI568207B - 用於針對裝置對裝置之干擾緩和的分散式排程之系統、方法及裝置 - Google Patents

用於針對裝置對裝置之干擾緩和的分散式排程之系統、方法及裝置 Download PDF

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TWI568207B
TWI568207B TW103114205A TW103114205A TWI568207B TW I568207 B TWI568207 B TW I568207B TW 103114205 A TW103114205 A TW 103114205A TW 103114205 A TW103114205 A TW 103114205A TW I568207 B TWI568207 B TW I568207B
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wireless communication
resource
target
communication device
component
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TW103114205A
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TW201507388A (zh
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楊榮震
殷祐君
牛華寧
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英特爾Ip公司
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    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/04Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/20Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/20Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04W76/00Connection management
    • H04W76/10Connection setup
    • H04W76/18Management of setup rejection or failure
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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    • H04W88/06Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Description

用於針對裝置對裝置之干擾緩和的分散式排程之系統、方法及裝置 發明領域
本發明係關於裝置對裝置排程,且更明確而言係關於用以緩和裝置對裝置通訊之干擾的分散式排程器。
發明背景
無線行動通訊技術使用各種標準及協定以在基地台與無線通訊裝置之間傳輸資料。在第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)中提議了各種應用及使用案例,其可涉及至使用者及/或裝置的群組或在使用者及/或裝置的群組間的網路起始或使用者裝備(UE)起始的通訊。裝置對裝置(D2D)通訊由於其以下能力而受到關注:降低核心網路或存取網路上之負載、歸因於直接及短的通訊路徑而增加資料速率、提供公共安全通訊路徑及提供其他功能性。為了允許高效的D2D通訊,裝置之間的通訊必須使用集中式排程器或分散式排程器來進行排程。
依據本發明之一實施例,係特地提出一種使用者裝備(UE),其經組配以與一演進型通用地面無線電存取網路(eUTRAN)通訊,該使用者裝備包含:一處理器;以及一記憶體,其與該處理器耦接,該記憶體儲存當由該處理器所執行時致使該UE進行以下操作的指令:量測自一目標UE接收之一參考信號的一接收功率位準及量測用於自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準;產生用於該目標UE與該等一或多個非目標UE之資源使用映射,其中每一資源使用映射指示一可用裝置對裝置頻譜中之資源元素群組,在該等資源元素群組中一對應UE可用於接收;基於該資源使用映射與一預期信號對干擾比而判定針對每一資源元素群組關於該目標UE之一優先權,其中該預期信號對干擾比係基於用於自該目標UE接收之該參考信號及自一或多個非目標UE接收之該等參考信號的該接收功率位準;以及在具有針對該目標UE之最高優先權之一或多個資源元素群組內將資料傳輸至該目標UE。
102、102a、102b、102c、102d、400、402‧‧‧使用者裝備(UE)
104‧‧‧eNodeB
106‧‧‧核心網路
108、110、112、114‧‧‧裝置對裝置(D2D)群組
116‧‧‧涵蓋區域
200‧‧‧無線通訊裝置
202‧‧‧收發器組件
204‧‧‧接收器組件
206‧‧‧傳輸組件
208‧‧‧發現組件
210‧‧‧D2D通信期組件
212‧‧‧參考信號組件
214‧‧‧資源使用組件
216‧‧‧信號對干擾比(SIR)組件
218‧‧‧優先權組件
220‧‧‧排程組件
222‧‧‧傳輸功率組件
302、408‧‧‧資源映射
304、410、412a、412b、412c、412d、506、508‧‧‧資源使用映射
306‧‧‧資源單元
310‧‧‧隨機數產生器
312‧‧‧識別資訊
314‧‧‧排程週期
316‧‧‧資源利用率
406a、406b、406c、406d‧‧‧干擾UE
502、504‧‧‧干擾信號
600、700、800‧‧‧方法
602、604、606、608、702、704、706、802、804、806‧‧‧步驟
圖1為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的通訊系統及環境的示意圖。
圖2為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的無線通訊裝置之組件的示意性方塊圖。
圖3為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的資源使用映射之產生的示意圖。
圖4為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的用於目標裝置及複數個干擾裝置之資源使用映射的示意圖。
圖5為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的在潛在干擾性裝置對裝置群組中之通訊的示意圖。
圖6為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的用於將資訊傳輸至裝置對裝置配對無線通訊裝置之方法的示意性流程圖。
圖7為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的用於分散式排程之方法的示意性流程圖。
圖8為說明與本文所揭示之實施例一致的用於分散式排程之另一方法的示意性流程圖。
圖9為與本文所揭示之實施例一致的行動裝置之示意圖。
較佳實施例之詳細說明
無線行動通訊技術使用各種標準及協定以在基地台與無線通訊裝置之間傳輸資料。無線通訊系統標準及協定可包括:(例如)第三代合作夥伴計劃(3GPP)長期演進(LTE);電氣與電子工程師協會(IEEE)802.16標準,其通常由業界群體稱為全球互通微波存取(WiMAX);及IEEE 802.11標準,其通常由業界群體稱為Wi-Fi。在LTE系統中之3GPP無線電存取網路(RAN)中,基地台可包括演進型通用地面無線電存取網路(E-UTRAN)節點B(通常亦稱為演進型節點B、增強型節點B、eNodeB或eNB)及/或在E-UTRAN 中之無線電網路控制器(RNC),該等無線電網路控制器(RNC)與稱作使用者裝備(UE)的無線通訊裝置通訊。
LTE網路包括提供高資料速率、低延時、封包最佳化及改良系統容量及涵蓋的無線電存取技術及核心無線電網路架構。在LTE網路中,E-UTRAN包含複數個eNodeB且與複數個UE通訊。LTE網路中之下行鏈路(DL)傳輸可經界定為自eNodeB至UE的通訊,且上行鏈路(UL)傳輸可經界定為自UE至eNodeB的通訊。
在3GPP中提議了各種應用及使用案例,其可涉及至使用者及/或裝置的群組或在使用者及/或裝置的群組間的網路起始或UE起始的通訊。在當前LTE標準開發中,裝置對裝置(D2D)通訊為未來版本(例如,版本12及稍後版本)的一個增強領域,其中UE能夠在無需經由eNodeB或核心網路來路由通訊的情況下直接與其他UE通訊。已提議將D2D用於區域社交網路、內容共用、基於位置的行銷、服務廣告、行動對行動應用、公共安全等。D2D通訊由於其以下能力而受到關注:降低核心網路或存取網路上之負載、歸因於直接及短的通訊路徑而增加資料速率、提供公共安全通訊路徑及提供其他功能性。
為了允許高效的D2D通訊,裝置之間的通訊必須使用集中式排程器或分散式排程器來進行排程。集中式排程器可包括控制排程之網路組件(諸如eNodeB)或其他裝置(諸如同級UE)。然而,集中式排程可在網路或其他排程裝置上產生顯著的負載,且當UE或其他無線通訊裝置不在網 路涵蓋區域內時不可用。類似地,一些無線通訊系統(諸如Wi-Fi網路)不具有集中式排程點。
分散式排程器允許同級裝置(諸如,LTE、Wi-Fi或WBAN無線通訊裝置)排程彼此的通訊。然而,分散式排程器可難以在高密度情形下提供良好的系統效能。舉例來說,在LTE D2D之狀況下,具有隨機配對之UE之隨機分佈有可能在分散式排程器未經良好設計的情況下使整體系統效能顯著降級。類似狀況亦存在於當前密度之WiFi或無線人體區域網路(WBAN)部署中。
申請人已瞭解上述分散式排程挑戰,且已識別信號對干擾比(SIR)準確地反應了信號品質且可用以控制對D2D無線電的干擾。本文的申請人揭示可基於預期SIR而甚至在高密度情形中降低D2D無線通訊間之干擾的分散式排程器。本發明之系統、方法及裝置(雖然主要關於LTE及蜂巢式通訊裝置來論述)亦可適用於Wi-Fi、WBAN或其他無線通訊技術及系統。
下文提供與本發明之實施例一致的系統及方法之詳細描述。雖然描述了若干實施例,但應理解,本發明並不限於任一實施例,而是包含眾多替代、修改及等效物。另外,雖然在以下描述中陳述眾多特定細節以便提供本文所揭示的實施例之透徹理解,但可在沒有此等細節中之一些或全部的情況下實踐一些實施例。此外,為了清晰目的,未詳細描述相關技術中已知之某些技術材料以便避免不必要地使本發明模糊。本說明書中對「一實施例」、「一個實 施例」或類似者的參考意謂:所描述之特定特徵、結構或特性包括於本發明之至少一實施例中。此類片語在本說明書中之出現未必全部指相同的實施例。
根據一個實施例,UE經組配有處理器及儲存指令之記憶體以致使UE執行數個操作。UE經組配以量測自目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準及量測自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準。UE經組配以產生用於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之資源使用映射。資源使用映射指示可用D2D頻譜中之資源元素群組,在該等資源元素群組中對應的UE可用於接收。UE經組配以基於資源使用映射及預期SIR來判定每一資源元素群組關於目標UE之優先權。預期SIR係基於自目標UE接收之參考信號及自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準。UE經組配以在具有針對目標UE之最高優先權之一或多個資源元素群組期間將資料傳輸至目標UE。
根據另一實施例,一種方法包括使用各別識別資訊及預界定隨機數產生器來產生用於D2D配對無線電及一或多個未配對無線電的資源使用映射。資源使用映射指示資源單元,在該等資源單元中對應無線電可用於接收。方法包括判定在配對無線電可用之資源單元期間該配對無線電之預期SIR。方法亦包括在包含最高預期SIR之一或多個資源單元期間排程至配對無線電的傳輸。
根據另一實施例,無線通訊裝置包括D2D通信期組件、資源使用組件及排程組件。D2D通信期組件經組配 以與配對無線通訊裝置建立D2D通信期。資源使用組件經組配以使用預界定隨機數產生器來判定無線通訊裝置、配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個非目標無線通訊裝置的可用及不可用資源單元。資源使用組件使用各別無線通訊裝置之識別符作為預界定隨機數產生器之輸入來判定可用或不可用資源單元,且隨機數產生器基於相同輸入而產生相同輸出。排程組件經組配以在無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止無線傳輸之排程,且在配對無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止排程至配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
圖1為說明參與D2D通訊之一些UE 102的示意圖。UE 102定位於eNodeB 104之涵蓋區域116之內部及外部。在一個實施例中,UE 102經組配以接收來自eNodeB 104及/或核心網路106的資料服務。舉例來說,eNodeB 104可經由eNodeB 104及/或經由核心網路106而向UE 102提供語音、資料、網際網路或其他通訊服務。核心網路106可包括一或多個伺服閘道器(S-GW)、封包資料閘道器(P-GW)、行動性管理實體(MME)、或演進型封包核心(EPC)之其他組件或其他蜂巢式通訊網路。
UE 102中之一些經展示為參與D2D群組108、110、112及114內之D2D通訊。至少一UE 102經展示為獨立於D2D群組。在D2D通訊中,UE 102或其它無線通訊裝置將資料直接傳達至另一UE 102,而非經由eNodeB 104及/或核心網路106來路由資料。各種通訊技術可用於D2D通訊, 包括Wi-Fi、藍芽、或甚至有執照蜂巢式技術(諸如在用於LTE網路或提供商之有執照UL頻譜內)。因為UE 102中之一些直接與其他UE 102通訊,所以可減少在eNodeB 104及核心網路106上的一些負載。
在一個實施例中,排程UE 102之間的通訊由分散式排程器來執行。給定分散式排程器一詞以意謂至少部分排程由UE 102自身及/或在UE 102自身之間執行,而非由eNodeB 104或經由eNodeB 104來執行。如所論述,在D2D情形中,UE 102之高密度可為有問題的且導致顯著降低之資料速率。舉例而言,D2D群組108及110經展示為緊密近接且可引起彼此間的干擾。干擾可導致資料丟失及針對相同資料之多個傳輸/接收嘗試,其可導致降低之資料速率及降低之通訊效能。
在一個實施例中,UE 102中之每一者經組配以藉由產生用於配對UE 102及定位於附近之UE 102及/或可引起與配對UE 102之干擾的UE 102的資源使用映射來執行分散式排程任務。在一個實施例中,藉由使用資源使用映射,UE 102能夠判定不同時間及/或頻率單元之預期SIR。預期SIR可提供關於UE 102可能經歷之干擾量之相當準確的預測。接著可在將具有最低預期SIR之時間週期期間排程傳輸。下文提供進一步論述及描述。
圖2為說明經組配以執行分散式排程之無線通訊裝置200之一個實施例的示意性方塊圖。無線通訊裝置200可包括任何類型之無線通訊裝置,諸如Wi-Fi路由器或無線 電、藍芽無線電、UE 102、或其他無線電或無線通訊裝置。舉例而言,無線通訊裝置200可對應於圖1之UE 102中之至少一者。無線通訊裝置200可經組配以實施對應於Wi-Fi、WBAN或LTE網路或通訊之標準或功能性。
無線通訊裝置200包括收發器組件202,收發器組件202包括接收器組件204及傳輸組件206。無線通訊裝置200亦包括發現組件208、D2D通信期組件210、參考信號組件212、資源使用組件214、SIR組件216、優先權組件218、排程組件220及傳輸功率組件222。組件202至222僅藉由實例來提供且可不全部包括於所有實施例中。組件202至222中之一或多者之任何組合可非限制性地包括於UE 102、無線電、或其他無線通訊裝置中。
收發器組件202經組配以無線地傳輸及接收資料及信號。收發器組件202可經組配以在包括LTE、Wi-Fi或其他無線通訊標準之多種頻譜及標準中作為無線電來操作。舉例而言,對於蜂巢式提供商,接收器組件204可經組配以接收UL及/或DL有執照頻譜中之信號,而傳輸組件可經組配以傳輸UL及/或DL有執照頻譜中之信號。
發現組件208經組配以發現附近的無線電。舉例而言,發現組件208可經組配以偵測附近的UE 102、無線通訊裝置或將與之進行D2D通訊之其他無線電。在一個實施例中,發現組件208可回應於自eNodeB 104接收之指令而發現附近的無線電。在一個實施例中,發現組件208可發現將為D2D群組之一部分的附近無線電(例如,配對或目標無線 電)以及足夠接近以提供潛在干擾之UE 102(未配對無線電)的識別符。舉例而言,發現組件208可經組配以收集對應於具有在預界定頻譜內之至少具有最小功率位準的信號的無線電之識別符。最小功率位準可指示潛在干擾可發生於或D2D配對可發生於的功率位準。返回參看圖1,例如,群組108之UE 102可發現群組108內之其他UE 102,同時亦發現群組110、112及/或114內之UE 102。在一個實施例中,UE 102亦可發現未參與D2D通訊但仍可正使用將在D2D通訊中使用之有執照頻譜的附近UE 102。舉例而言,在UE 102使用用於D2D通訊之有執照UL頻譜的狀況下,UE 102可發現正在UL頻譜內將資料發送至eNodeB 104的UE 102。
D2D通信期組件210經組配以與一或多個無線通訊裝置建立D2D通信期。在建立D2D通信期之後,可將無線通訊裝置稱為已配對。舉例而言,可將圖1中群組108內之UE 102稱為配對UE 102。在一個實施例中,D2D通信期組件210可如eNodeB 104、在UE 102上執行之應用程式或以任何其他方式所指示而與UE 102建立D2D通信期。舉例而言,D2D通信期組件210可建立通信期以形成UE 102可參與之D2D群組,諸如群組108、110、112、114。類似群組及配對可使用Wi-Fi、藍芽及WBAN通訊標準或技術來建立。
參考信號組件212經組配以接收由無線通訊裝置200處的收發器組件202接收之參考信號。在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212量測所接收參考信號。舉例而言,參考信號可量測自配對或未配對無線通訊裝置接收之參考信 號的接收功率位準。舉例而言,群組108之UE 102可接收來自群組108內之另一UE 102以及來自未配對UE 102及未在任何D2D群組中之UE 102的參考信號。在一個實施例中,參考信號中之至少一者對應於目標無線通訊裝置。目標無線通訊裝置可包括與父代無線通訊裝置200配對之裝置或父代無線通訊裝置200正準備發送的無線信號所針對之裝置。在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212判定特定附近裝置之頻道增益。舉例而言,參考信號組件212可判定配對及/或未配對裝置之頻道增益。以下方程式1說明如何計算頻道增益之一個實例。
值gd表示頻道增益,表示參考信號之接收功率,且表示參考信號之所傳輸功率。在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212計算由發現組件208發現之每一無線通訊裝置的增益(gd)。在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212可量測接收功率(),且可接收傳輸功率(),且接著執行方程式1所指示的計算以判定頻道增益(gd)。在一個實施例中,可將傳輸功率編碼至參考信號中。在其它狀況下,可諸如藉由eNodeB 104而分別將傳輸功率或頻道增益傳達至無線通訊裝置200,或可假定傳輸功率為預設值。頻道增益及/或接收功率位準可提供可用以計算SIR或以其他方式預期未來干擾(將在下文進一步論述)的資訊。
在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212擷取所接收 參考信號內之識別資訊。舉例而言,參考信號可包括關於其他附近無線電唯一地識別一附近無線電的識別符。在另一實施例中,發現組件208可在發現過程期間發現識別資訊。參考信號組件212可擷取及/或儲存識別資訊及對應接收功率位準、頻道增益或其他資訊。在一個實施例中,識別資訊可包括在對應通訊協定中使用之識別符。舉例而言,若參考信號對應於Wi-Fi無線電,則識別資訊可包括用於傳輸無線電(諸如路由器、或經由Wi-Fi通訊之其他裝置)之媒體存取控制(MAC)位址。若參考信號對應於UE 102或其他3GPP裝置,則識別資訊可包括UE識別符(諸如對應於當前D2D通信期之識別符)或將唯一地識別來自多個其他近接UE 102之UE 102的其他識別符。識別符可包括供裝置在E-UTRAN、Wi-Fi網路、WBAN或其它無線通訊網路中通訊之識別符。
在一個實施例中,參考信號組件212可基於特定無線通訊裝置之最近接收之參考信號來更新接收功率位準及/或頻道增益。
資源使用組件214產生用於一或多個附近無線電之資源使用映射。在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214藉由判定父代無線通訊裝置200、目標無線通訊裝置、非目標無線通訊裝置及/或任何其他無線通訊裝置之可用及不可用資源單元而產生資源使用映射。資源單元可包括按時間及/或頻率劃分之無線通訊資源的任何子集。舉例而言,LTE中之頻率資源被劃分為包含個別資源元素之若干資源區 塊,每一資源區塊對應於複數個頻帶及時間週期中之一者,可在複數個頻帶及時間週期中之該一者期間傳輸或接收信號。資源單元可包括一或多個資源元素、資源區塊之群組、或可用無線資源之任何其他群組或邏輯劃分。在一些系統中,僅單一頻帶可為可用的,且該單一頻帶可基於離散時間週期來劃分。
在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214可使用隨機數產生器或隨機型樣產生器來產生資源使用映射。舉例而言,隨機數產生器可產生可用以判定特定資源元素是否可用於特定無線通訊裝置的數。圖3為說明資源使用映射304之產生之一個實施例的示意圖。圖3說明具有邏輯劃分之資源映射302,資源映射302包括在可用無線資源內的資源單元306。儘管資源映射302說明資源單元306之線性劃分,但資源映射302亦可對應於更複雜之時間及頻率劃分。基於資源映射302,資源使用組件214使用隨機數產生器310來產生指示可用及/或不可用資源單元306的隨機型樣308。
資源使用組件214可使用識別資訊312、排程週期314及資源利用率316作為輸入來產生資源使用映射304。識別資訊312可包括由發現組件208或參考信號組件212獲得之識別符或其他識別資訊。舉例而言,識別資訊312可包括MAC位址、D2D UE識別符或相對於附近無線通訊裝置唯一地識別無線通訊裝置之任何其他識別符。藉由實例,圖1中UE 102中之每一者可能夠獲得附近UE 102中之每一者的識別資訊312。排程週期314可包括資源經排程之排程週期或 間隔。在一個實施例中,若排程每20毫秒發生一次,則排程週期314可允許產生用於下一20毫秒之資源使用映射。基於資源單元306之大小,隨機數產生器310可判定用於排程週期314內之數個資源單元306之隨機數或隨機型樣。舉例而言,在分時系統中,N乘以資源單元306之長度等於T(排程週期314)。在一個實施例中,排程週期314可為標準化值或可由eNodeB 104或其他網路基礎結構來組配。資源利用率316指示總D2D資源中允許由單一D2D對或群組使用之百分比或分數。舉例而言,若D2D群組正使用用於D2D通訊之UL資源,則資源利用率316可指示有多少UL資源(例如,5%、10%、20%)可由每一資源使用。資源利用率316可指示對於特定無線通訊裝置,資源單元306之多少百分比需要「不可用」。作為一實例,若資源利用率316為10%,則資源使用組件214可產生隨機數直至僅10%之資源單元306可用於特定無線通訊裝置為止。資源利用率316可為標準化值或可基於密度來修改。舉例而言,在LTE部署中,eNodeB 104可將資源利用率316提供至UE 102以分別基於增加或減小之密度而進行增加或減小。
資源使用映射304源自於資源使用組件214產生隨機型樣308。資源使用映射304指示可用於特定無線通訊裝置之資源單元306。舉例而言,無線通訊裝置可不被允許在標為「2」、「4」、「5」及「N」(用陰影說明)之資源單元306期間進行接收。在一個實施例中,無線通訊裝置可不被允許在不可用資源單元期間進行接收或傳輸。另一方面, 標為「1」及「3」之資源單元306可供對應無線電用於接收及/或傳輸。若資源使用映射304對應於父代裝置(例如,計算資源使用映射304之裝置),則父代裝置可在不可用資源單元期間防止傳輸及/或接收。另一方面,若資源使用映射304對應於父代裝置計劃發送信號至之目標裝置,則父代裝置可僅在可用資源單元期間發送信號。
在一個實施例中,隨機數產生器310包括被在相同資源頻譜內、在相同地理位置內及/或使用相同通訊標準操作之所有無線通訊裝置已知的預界定隨機數產生器。舉例而言,隨機數產生器310可在通訊標準內界定,可藉由網路基礎結構而傳達至無線通訊裝置,或可在同級無線通訊裝置之間傳達。隨機數產生器310亦經組配以基於相同輸入提供相同輸出。舉例而言,若相同識別資訊312、排程週期314及/或資源利用率316由預界定隨機數產生器310使用,則產生相同資源使用映射304。在一個實施例中,隨機數產生器310經組配以基於不同輸入而產生唯一的數或型樣,使得不同裝置具有相同資源使用映射304的可能性很低。
因為隨機數產生器310被其他無線通訊裝置已知且因為用於產生資源使用區塊之輸入被其他無線通訊裝置已知,所以無線通訊裝置能夠判定相同的資源使用映射。舉例而言,每一無線通訊裝置之隨機數產生器310可產生每一特定無線通訊裝置之相同映射。因此,在無需資源使用映射304之顯式通訊的情況下,無線通訊裝置中之每一者知道用於自身及用於其他附近無線通訊裝置的排程。此減少 了控制額外負荷,同時允許進行同步分散式排程。
圖4為說明用於目標UE 402及複數個干擾UE 406a、406b、406c、406d之實例資源使用映射的示意圖。源UE 400具有對應資源映射408,資源映射408指示UE 400可用於發送訊息時所在之資源單元。目標UE 402具有對應資源使用映射410,且干擾UE 406a、406b、406c、406d分別具有對應的資源使用映射412a、412b、412c、412d。資源使用映射410、412a、412b、412c、412d中之每一者指示對應UE不可用於無線信號之接收時所在的有陰影資源單元。資源使用映射410、412a、412b、412c、412d中之每一者可先前已由源UE 400及/或目標UE 402以及干擾UE 406a、406b、406c、406d之資源使用組件214產生。儘管資源映射408未指示任何不可用資源單元,但可基於對應資源使用映射來限制源UE 400接收或發送信號。
若源UE 400需要發送訊息至目標UE 402,則源UE 400可參考資源使用映射來判定目標UE 402在資源單元「2」、「4」及「5」期間不可用於接收傳輸。因此,UE 400將知道在資源單元「2」、「4」及「5」期間不排程傳輸。類似地,因為其他UE 402、406a、406b、406c、406d全部知道資源使用映射410、412a、412b、412c、412d,所以其亦將基於資源使用映射而避免傳輸。如所說明,許多UE在每一資源單元期間「不可用」。僅此強加之不可用性就可顯著減少干擾及所需的資料重新傳輸的量。可藉由計算資源單元之SIR及排程在具有最高可用SIR之資源使用區塊期間的 傳輸而進一步減少干擾。下文將進一步論述SIR及排程。
返回圖2,SIR組件216計算特定資源單元之SIR。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216針對資源使用映射中之每一資源單元計算父代無線通訊裝置200、目標無線通訊裝置及/或未配對附近無線通訊裝置中之一或多者的預期SIR。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216計算目標無線通訊裝置(諸如父代無線通訊裝置200準備發送無線信號至的裝置)之SIR。
在一個實施例中,SIR組件216基於其他無線通訊裝置之接收功率位準來計算預期SIR。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216將來自在資源單元期間可用之一或多個附近無線通訊裝置(非目標或未配對無線電)之參考信號的接收功率位準求和,以產生總和干擾功率位準。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216藉由將自目標無線通訊裝置接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以總和干擾功率位準來計算每一資源單元之預期SIR。下文方程式2基於接收功率位準來說明預期SIR之計算。
表示在父代無線通訊裝置200處之參考信號之線性預期SIR。值為來自目標無線通訊裝置(針對其計算SIR之裝置)之接收功率位準,且為來自第i干擾(非目標)無線通訊裝置之接收功率位準。
在另一實施例中,SIR組件216基於其他無線通訊 裝置之頻道增益來計算預期SIR。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216將在資源單元期間可用之一或多個附近無線通訊裝置(非目標或未配對無線電)之頻道增益求和,以產生總和干擾頻道增益或總和未配對頻道增益。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216藉由將目標無線通訊裝置之頻道增益除以總和干擾頻道增益來計算每一資源單元之預期SIR。在一個實施例中,SIR可被稱作干擾位準。亦可使用計算干擾位準之其他方法。下文方程式3說明基於頻道增益來計算預期SIR。
(i)表示針對第i資源單元(例如,針對圖3之資源使用映射304之資源單元)之在父代無線通訊裝置200處之參考信號的線性預期SIR。值gd0為目標無線通訊裝置(針對其計算SIR之裝置)之接收頻道增益,且gdk為第k干擾(非目標)無線通訊裝置之頻道增益。RUMk(i)為傳回第i資源單元及第k干擾無線通訊裝置之資源使用映射的值的資源使用映射函數或陣列。當第k干擾無線通訊裝置在第i資源單元期間可用時,RUMk(i)具有值一。當第k干擾無線通訊裝置在第i資源單元期間不可用時,RUMk(i)具有值零。下文方程式4描述RUMk函數或陣列。
在一個實施例中,SIR組件216僅在配對無線電可用之資源單元期間判定配對無線電之預期SIR,且在不可用資源單元期間指派零值。在一個實施例中,藉由使用方程 式3,SIR組件216基於資源使用映射使用RUMk(i)來判定所有資源單元之預期SIR。
SIR組件216可根據上述方法來判定SIR,或在其他方法中基於通訊標準或通訊環境之細節來判定SIR。舉例而言,當可假定所有參考信號之大約相同傳輸(Tx)功率時可使用方程式2。當不可假定所有參考信號之大約相同傳輸Tx功率時可使用方程式3。舉例而言,若使用相同Tx功率,則頻道增益中之Tx功率消除以提供對應於方程式2之Rx功率比。
返回至圖4,將關於資源使用映射410、412a、412b、412c、412d來論述SIR之計算。確切地說,源UE 400之SIR組件216可在資源單元1-N中迭代以便在發送信號至目標UE 402時計算SIR。對於資源單元「1」,SIR組件216將UE 406b及406d之頻道增益求和。因為資源使用映射412a及412c在資源單元「1」期間有陰影,所以UE 406a及406c不構成干擾且因此其頻道增益並非總和之一部分。SIR組件216接著將目標UE 402之頻道增益除以UE 406b及406d之總和頻道增益。圖4說明在資源單元「1」、「3」及「N」中之每一者期間自源UE 400發送的傳輸。此等信號可潛在地引起UE 406b及406d之干擾但UE 406a及406c無干擾,此係因為UE 406a及406c為不可用的。
優先權組件218判定對應於目標無線通訊裝置之資源單元的優先權。舉例而言,優先權組件218可指派SIR組件216所計算之預期SIR值作為資源單元之優先權。在一 個實施例中,優先權組件218藉由在目標UE在資源單元期間可用時指派對應於預期SIR之優先權值以及在目標UE在資源單元期間不可用時指派最小優先權值來判定優先權。在一個實施例中,優先權組件218可基於在兩個或兩個以上指定範圍內之SIR值來指派一值。舉例而言,優先權組件218可在預期SIR在最高範圍內時指派最高優先權,在預期SIR在最低範圍內時指派最低優先權,及在預期SIR在中間範圍內時指派中間優先權。
排程組件220基於資源使用組件214所產生之資源使用映射、SIR組件216所產生之SIR及優先權組件218所產生之優先權中之一或多者來排程至目標無線通訊裝置的傳輸。在一個實施例中,排程組件220在對應資源使用映射指示目標無線通訊裝置可用時排程至目標無線通訊裝置的傳輸。類似地,排程組件220僅可在父代無線通訊裝置200之資源使用映射指示父代無線通訊裝置200可用的資源單元期間排程該傳輸。
在一個實施例中,排程組件220可在具有如由SIR組件216所計算之最高可用預期SIR的資源單元期間排程至目標通訊裝置或無線電的傳輸。舉例而言,若信號傳輸需要兩個資源單元,則排程組件220可在具有目標裝置之最高預期SIR的兩資源單元期間排程該傳輸。類似地,排程組件220可在具有如由優先權組件218所指派之最高可用優先權的資源單元期間排程傳輸。在一個實施例中,排程組件220可在SIR低於SIR下限時不排程傳輸。舉例而言,用於收發 器組件202之SIR下限可由排程組件220來判定及儲存。在一個實施例中,SIR下限可為1/Gr,其中Gr為反映目標裝置之天線之所接收信號的信號處理增益的控制參數。舉例而言,若目標裝置具有兩個接收天線,則可使用最大比組合(MRC)演算法來將Gr值計算為2。
傳輸組件206可如由排程組件220所排程而傳輸信號。
傳輸功率組件222可視情況基於目標裝置或無線電之信號對干擾加雜訊比(SINR)來計算經排程資源單元的傳輸功率。計算傳輸功率可包括根據下文方程式5來計算資源單元特定SINR目標。
可應用最大值及最小值SINR限制以確保在所要邊界內,以達成。實例值包括=20dB=0db。可根據下文之方程式6及7來應用此等值。
最後,可使用下文的方程式8來控制傳輸功率位準:
其中,
為諸如D2D UE之源無線通訊裝置之最大允許傳輸功率。10log10(B)為傳輸資源單元頻寬因數,且B可用赫茲(Hz)表達。NI dB 為諸如配對D2D UE之源無線通訊裝置上之以dBm為單位的雜訊及干擾功率位準為D2D對中之用dB表達的所量測路徑損耗值。
圖5為說明D2D UE 102之干擾D2D群組108、110之示意圖。D2D群組108包括源UE 102a及目標UE 102b,且D2D群組110包括源UE 102c及目標UE 102d。目標UE 102b具有對應源使用映射506,且目標UE 102d具有對應資源使用映射508。資源使用映射506及508為不同的,從而減少干擾的量,此係因為源UE 102a及102c不會在相同資源單元內傳輸干擾信號502及504。然而,即使資源使用映射506及508具有重疊的資源單元,此等資源單元仍可歸因於預期SIR而具有較低之傳輸優先權,且可較不可能由排程組件220來排程。此外,藉由傳輸功率組件222進行之傳輸功率控制可減少所接收的干擾量,且藉此減少即使在相同資源單元期間發送傳輸時需要進行重新傳輸的可能性。
圖6為說明用於傳輸資訊至D2D配對UE之方法600的示意性流程圖。儘管將關於UE來論述方法600,但在一些實施例中,可藉由任何其他無線通訊裝置或無線電來執行方法600。在一個實施例中,可藉由圖2之無線通訊裝置來執行方法600。
方法600開始,且參考信號組件212量測602一或 多個參考信號之接收功率位準。藉由參考信號組件212量測602之參考信號可包括來自目標UE(父代UE將傳輸信號至之UE)及/或一或多個非目標或附近UE之參考信號。非目標UE可包括可在附近或至少足夠接近以引起對父代UE或目標UE之干擾的UE。
資源使用組件214產生604資源使用映射。資源使用映射可包括用於父代UE、目標UE及/或一或多個非目標UE的資源使用映射中之一或多者。在一個實施例中,資源使用映射指示可用D2D頻譜內之資源元素群組,在該等資源元素群組中對應的UE可用於接收。在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214使用隨機數產生器來產生604資源使用映射。
優先權組件218判定606資源使用映射之每一資源元素群組關於目標UE之優先權。在一個實施例中,優先權組件218基於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之資源使用映射及/或接收功率位準來判定優先權。在一個實施例中,優先權組件基於SIR組件216所計算之SIR來判定606優先權。
傳輸組件206在具有最高優先權之資源元素群組期間傳輸608資料至目標UE。舉例而言,傳輸組件206可在排程組件220所排程之資源元素群組期間傳輸608。
圖7為說明用於D2D通訊之分散式排程之方法700的示意性流程圖。在一個實施例中,可藉由諸如UE或圖2之無線通訊裝置之任何無線電裝置來執行方法700。
方法700開始,且資源使用組件214產生702用於 D2D配對無線電及一或多個未配對無線電之資源使用映射。D2D配對無線電可包括為具有父代無線電之D2D群組之一部分的無線電。在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214使用每一無線電之各別識別資訊來產生702資源使用映射。在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214使用預界定隨機數產生器來產生702資源使用映射。
SIR組件216判定704在一或多個資源單元期間配對無線電之預期SIR。舉例而言,SIR組件216可判定704每一資源單元之預期SIR,在所述每一資源單元期間在資源使用組件214所產生702之資源使用映射中配對無線電經指示為可用。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216藉由以下操作來判定704 SIR:對將在資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線電中之每一者的頻道增益求和以產生總和干擾頻道增益,以及將配對無線電之頻道增益除以總和干擾頻道增益。在一個實施例中,SIR組件216藉由以下操作來判定704 SIR:對來自在資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線電之參考信號的接收功率位準求和以產生總和干擾功率位準,以及將自配對無線電接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以總和干擾功率位準。
排程組件220在具有最高預期SIR之資源單元期間排程706一傳輸。舉例而言,排程組件220可針對特定目標無線電來排程具有最高預期SIR之資源單元。在一個實施例中,排程組件220可僅在資源使用映射指示目標無線電可用且預期SIR在預界定臨限值以上的情況下進行排程。
圖8為說明用於D2D通訊之分散式排程之另一方法800的示意性流程圖。在一個實施例中,可藉由諸如圖2之UE或無線通訊裝置之任何無線電裝置來執行方法800。
方法800開始,且D2D通信期組件210與配對無線通訊裝置建立802 D2D通信期。D2D通信期組件210可回應於來自網路組件(諸如eNodeB)或在父代裝置上執行之應用程式之命令或請求而建立802 D2D通信期。在一個實施例中,D2D通信期組件210在針對附近無線通訊裝置之D2D發現之後建立802 D2D通信期。
資源使用組件214判定804無線通訊裝置之可用及不可用資源單元。在一個實施例中,資源使用組件214亦判定804配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個非目標無線通訊裝置中之一或多者的可用及不可用資源單元。資源使用組件214使用預界定隨機數產生器及各別無線通訊裝置之識別符來判定804可用及不可用資源單元。在一個實施例中,隨機數產生器基於相同輸入而產生相同輸出,以允許其他UE判定每一無線通訊裝置之相同可用及不可用資源單元。
排程組件220在不可用資源單元期間禁止806排程至配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。舉例而言,排程組件220可在父代無線通訊裝置及/或配對無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止806排程。在不可用資源單元期間禁止806排程可允許減少對其他無線通訊裝置之干擾且改良輸送量及通訊效能。
圖9為行動裝置之實例說明,該行動裝置諸如 UE、行動台(MS)、行動無線裝置、行動通訊裝置、平板型裝置、手持型裝置或另一類型之無線通訊裝置。行動裝置可包括經組配以與傳輸台通訊之一或多個天線,傳輸台諸如基地台(BS)、eNB、基頻單元(BBU)、遠端無線電頭端(RRH)、遠端無線電裝備(RRE)、中繼台(RS)、無線電裝備(RE)、或另一類型之無線廣域網路(WWAN)存取點。行動裝置可經組配以使用至少一個無線通訊標準來通訊,該無線通訊標準包括3GPP LTE、WiMAX、高速封包存取(HSPA)、藍芽(Bluetooth)及Wi-Fi。行動裝置可使用用於每一無線通訊標準之獨立天線或用於多個無線通訊標準之共用天線來通訊。行動裝置可在WLAN、無線個人區域網路(WPAN)及/或WWAN中通訊。
圖9亦提供可用於行動裝置之音訊輸入及輸出之麥克風及一或多個揚聲器的說明。顯示螢幕可為液晶顯示器(LCD)螢幕或其他類型之顯示螢幕,諸如有機發光二極體(OLED)顯示器。顯示螢幕可經組配為觸控螢幕。觸控螢幕可使用電容式、電阻式或另一類型之觸控螢幕技術。應用程式處理器及圖形處理器可耦接至內部記憶體以提供處理及顯示能力。非依電性記憶體埠亦可用以提供資料輸入/輸出選項至使用者。非依電性記憶體埠亦可用以擴展行動裝置之記憶體能力。可將鍵盤與行動裝置整合或以無線方式連接至行動裝置以提供額外的使用者輸入。亦可使用觸控螢幕來提供虛擬鍵盤。
實例
以下實例係關於其他實施例:實例1為包括處理器及與處理器耦接之記憶體之UE。記憶體儲存致使UE量測自目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準及量測自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準的指令。記憶體亦儲存致使UE產生用於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之資源使用映射的指令。每一資源使用映射指示可用D2D頻譜中之資源元素群組,在該等資源元素群組中對應的UE可用於接收。記憶體進一步儲存致使UE基於資源使用映射及預期SIR來判定每一資源元素群組關於目標UE之優先權的指令。預期SIR係基於自目標UE接收之參考信號及自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準。記憶體亦儲存致使UE在具有針對目標UE之最高優先權之一或多個資源元素群組內將資料傳輸至目標UE的指令。
在實例2中,如實例1之UE視情況藉由計算資源元素群組之預期SIR而判定資源元素群組之優先權。UE藉由以下操作來計算預期SIR:對來自在資源元素群組期間可用之一或多個非目標UE之參考信號的接收功率位準求和以產生總和干擾功率位準,以及將自目標UE接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以總和干擾功率位準。
在實例3中,如實例1至2之UE可視情況藉由在目標UE在資源元素群組期間可用時指派對應於預期SIR之優先權值以及在目標UE在資源元素群組期間不可用時指派最小優先權值來判定優先權。
在實例4中,如實例1至3之UE可視情況在預期SIR至少大於或等於SIR下限時的資源單元內將資料傳輸至目標UE。
在實例5中,如實例1至4之記憶體可視情況儲存指令,該等指令在由處理器執行時致使UE與目標UE建立D2D通信期。
在實例6中,如實例1至5之記憶體可視情況儲存指令,該等指令在由處理器執行時致使UE在具有針對目標UE之最高SIR之一或多個資源元素群組期間排程至目標UE的資料傳輸。
在實例7中,如實例1至6之UE可視情況使用其他UE已知之預界定隨機數產生器來產生資源使用映射,使得目標UE及一或多個非目標UE中之每一者能夠產生相同資源使用映射。
在實例8中,如實例1至7之參考信號可視情況包括對應於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之識別資訊。UE可藉由使用識別資訊作為預界定隨機數產生器之輸入來產生資源使用映射。
實例9為一種方法,其包括使用各別識別資訊及預界定隨機數產生器來產生用於D2D配對無線電及一或多個未配對無線電的資源使用映射。資源使用映射指示資源單元,在該等資源單元中對應無線電可用於接收。方法進一步包括,對將在該等資源單元中之資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線電中之每一者的頻道增益求和以產生 總和未配對頻道增益,以及將配對無線電之頻道增益除以總和未配對頻道增益以產生干擾位準。方法進一步包括在包含大於下限之干擾位準之一或多個資源單元期間排程至配對無線電的傳輸。
在實例10中,如實例9之方法可視情況包括判定配對無線電之頻道增益,及判定一或多個未配對無線電中之每一者的頻道增益。
在實例11中,如實例9至10之方法可視情況包括基於該配對無線電之干擾位準來計算一經排程資源單元之傳輸功率。
在實例12中,如實例9至11之方法可視情況包括進一步藉由使用排程週期作為隨機數產生器之輸入及使用資源利用率來產生資源使用映射。資源利用率界定可用頻譜資源中的供D2D對使用之一部分。
實例13為包括D2D通信期組件、資源使用組件及排程組件的無線通訊裝置。D2D通信期組件經組配以與配對無線通訊裝置建立D2D通信期。資源使用組件經組配以使用預界定隨機數產生器來判定用於無線通訊裝置、配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置的可用及不可用資源單元。資源使用組件使用各別無線通訊裝置之識別符作為預界定隨機數產生器之輸入來判定可用或不可用資源單元。隨機數產生器基於相同輸入而產生相同輸出。排程組件經組配以在無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止無線傳輸之排程,且在配對無線通訊裝置之不可用資 源單元期間禁止排程至配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
在實例14中,如實例13之無線通訊裝置可視情況進一步包括一信號對干擾組件,其經組配以藉由以下操作來判定一資源單元之預期SIR:對將在該資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置中之每一者的頻道增益求和以產生一總和干擾頻道增益;及將配對無線通訊裝置之頻道增益除以該總和干擾頻道增益。
在實例15中,如實例13至14之無線通訊裝置可視情況進一步包括一參考信號組件,該參考信號組件經組配以判定該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置及該配對無線通訊裝置中之每一者之該頻道增益。
在實例16中,如實例13至15之無線通訊裝置可視情況進一步包括一排程組件,該排程組件經組配以在具有最高SIR之一或多個資源單元期間排程至該配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
在實例17中,如實例13至16之無線通訊裝置可視情況進一步包括一信號對干擾組件,其經組配以藉由以下操作來判定一資源單元之預期SIR:對來自在該資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置之參考信號的接收功率位準求和以產生一總和干擾功率位準;及將自配對無線通訊裝置接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以該總和干擾功率位準。
在實例18中,如實例13至17之預界定數產生器視情況在建立D2D通信期之前界定於該無線通訊裝置、該配 對無線通訊裝置及該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置內。
在實例19中,如實例13至18之無線通訊裝置可視情況進一步包括一發現組件,該發現組件經組配以發現配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置中之一或多者之識別符。
在實例20中,如實例13至19之識別符可視情況包括以下各項中之至少一者:用於經組配以使用Wi-Fi協定來通訊之無線通訊裝置之MAC位址;用於經組配以與E-UTRAN通訊之包含UE之無線通訊裝置的D2D識別符;以及用於經組配以在WBAN中通訊之無線通訊裝置之識別符。
實例21為一種方法,其包括量測自目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準及量測自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準。該方法亦包括產生用於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之資源使用映射。每一資源使用映射指示可用D2D頻譜中之資源元素群組,在該等資源元素群組中對應的UE可用於接收。方法進一步包括基於資源使用映射及預期SIR來判定每一資源元素群組關於目標UE的優先權。預期SIR係基於自目標UE接收之參考信號及自一或多個非目標UE接收之參考信號的接收功率位準。該方法亦包括在具有針對目標UE之最高優先權之一或多個資源元素群組內將資料傳輸至該目標UE。
在實例22中,如實例21之方法視情況包括藉由計算資源元素群組之預期SIR而判定資源元素群組之優先 權。計算預期SIR可藉由以下操作來執行:對來自在資源單元群組期間可用之一或多個非目標UE之參考信號的接收功率位準求和以產生總和干擾功率位準,以及將自標UE接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以總和干擾功率位準。
在實例23中,如實例21至22中之任一者的方法可視情況藉由在目標UE在資源元素群組期間可用時指派對應於預期SIR之優先權值以及在目標UE在資源元素群組期間不可用時指派最小優先權值來判定優先權。
在實例24中,如實例21至23中之任一者的方法可視情況在預期SIR至少大於或等於SIR下限時所在的資源單元內將資料傳輸至目標UE。
在實例25中,如實例21至24中之任一者的方法可視情況包括與目標UE建立D2D通信期。
在實例26中,如實例21至25中之任一者的方法可視情況包括在具有針對目標UE之最高SIR之一或多個資源元素群組期間排程至目標UE的資料傳輸。
在實例27中,如實例21至26中之任一者的方法可視情況包括使用其他UE已知之預界定隨機數產生器來產生資源使用映射,使得目標UE及一或多個非目標UE中之每一者能夠產生相同資源使用映射。
在實例28中,如實例21至27中之任一者的參考信號可視情況包括對應於目標UE及一或多個非目標UE之識別資訊。產生資源使用映射可包括使用識別資訊作為預界定隨機數產生器之輸入。
實例29為一種方法,其包括使用各別識別資訊及預界定隨機數產生器來產生用於D2D配對無線電及一或多個未配對無線電的資源使用映射。資源使用映射指示資源單元,在該等資源單元中對應無線電可用於接收。方法進一步包括:對將在諸多資源單元中之資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線電中之每一者的頻道增益求和以產生總和未配對頻道增益,以及將配對無線電之頻道增益除以總和未配對頻道增益以產生干擾位準。方法進一步包括在包含大於下限之干擾位準之一或多個資源單元期間排程至配對無線電的傳輸。
在實例30中,如實例29之方法可視情況包括判定配對無線電之頻道增益,及判定一或多個未配對無線電中之每一者的頻道增益。
在實例31中,如實例29至30中之任一者的方法可視情況包括基於配對無線電之干擾位準來計算一經排程資源單元之傳輸功率。
在實例32中,如實例29至31中之任一者的方法可視情況包括進一步藉由使用排程週期作為隨機數產生器之輸入及使用資源利用率來產生資源使用映射。資源利用率界定可用頻譜資源中的供D2D對使用之一部分。
實例33為包括與配對無線通訊裝置建立D2D通信期之方法。方法亦包括使用預界定隨機數產生器來判定用於無線通訊裝置、配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置的可用及不可用資源單元。使用各別無線通 訊裝置之識別符作為預界定隨機數產生器之輸入來判定可用及不可用資源單元。隨機數產生器基於相同輸入而產生相同輸出。方法進一步包括在該無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止無線傳輸之排程,及在該配對無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間禁止排程至該配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
在實例34中,如實例33之方法可視情況進一步包括藉由以下操作來判定一資源單元之預期SIR:對將在該資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置中之每一者的頻道增益求和以產生一總和干擾頻道增益;及將配對無線通訊裝置之頻道增益除以該總和干擾頻道增益。
在實例35中,如實例33至34中之任一者的方法可視情況進一步包括判定一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置及配對無線通訊裝置中之每一者之頻道增益。
在實例36中,如實例33至35中之任一者的方法可視情況進一步包括在具有最高SIR之一或多個資源單元期間排程至配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
在實例37中,如實例33至36中之任一者的方法可視情況進一步包括藉由以下操作來判定一資源單元之預期SIR:對來自在該資源單元期間可用之一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置之參考信號的接收功率位準求和以產生一總和干擾功率位準;及將自配對無線通訊裝置接收之參考信號之接收功率位準除以該總和干擾功率位準。
在實例38中,如實例33至37中之任一者的方法, 其中預界定數產生器視情況在建立D2D通信期之前界定於該無線通訊裝置、該配對無線通訊裝置及該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置內。
在實例39中,如實例33至38中之任一者的方法可視情況進一步包括發現配對無線通訊裝置及一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置中之一或多者的識別符。
在實例40中,如實例33至39中之任一者的識別符可視情況包括以下各項中之至少一者:用於經組配以使用Wi-Fi協定來通訊之無線通訊裝置之MAC位址;用於經組配以與E-UTRAN通訊之包含UE之無線通訊裝置的D2D識別符;以及用於經組配以在WBAN中通訊之無線通訊裝置之識別符。
在實例41中,一種設備包括用以執行如實例21至40中之任一者中所述的方法的構件。
在實例42中,一種機器可讀儲存器包括機器可讀指令,該等指令在被執行時實施如實例1至41中所述的方法或實現如實例1至41中所述的設備。
各種技術或其某些態樣或部分可採用體現於有形媒體中之程式碼(亦即,指令)的形式,該有形媒體諸如軟磁碟、CD-ROM、硬碟機、非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體或任何其他機器可讀儲存媒體,其中,當程式碼載入至機器(諸如電腦)中且由該機器執行時,該機器變為實踐各種技術之設備。在可程式化電腦上執行程式碼的狀況下,計算裝置可包括處理器、處理器可讀取之儲存媒體(包括依電性及 非依電性記憶體及/或儲存元件)、至少一輸入裝置及至少一輸出裝置。依電性及非依電性記憶體及/或儲存元件可為RAM、EPROM、隨身碟、光碟機、硬磁碟機、或用於儲存電子資料之另一媒體。eNB(或另一基地台)及UE(或另一行動台)亦可包括收發器組件、計數器組件、處理組件及/或時鐘組件或計時器組件。可實施或利用本文所述的各種技術之一或多個程式可使用應用程式設計介面(API)、可重新使用控制件及類似者。此類程式可以高級程序或物件導向式程式設計語言實施,以便與電腦系統通訊。然而,程式可以組合或機器語言來實施(在需要的情況下)。在任何狀況下,該語言可為編譯或解譯語言,且與硬體實施組合。
應理解,可將本說明書中描述之許多功能單元實施為一或多個組件,其為用以更確切地強調功能單元的實施獨立性的條款。舉例而言,可將一組件實施為包含定製超大型積體(VLSI)電路或閘陣列、諸如邏輯晶片之現貨半導體、電晶體或其他離散組件之硬體電路。亦可將一組件實施於可程式化硬體裝置中,諸如場可程式化閘陣列、可程式化陣列邏輯、可程式化邏輯裝置或類似物。
組件亦可以軟體來實施以由各種類型之處理器執行。可執行程式碼之經識別組件可(例如)包含電腦指令之一或多個實體或邏輯區塊,該等區塊可(例如)經組織為物件、程序或函式。然而,所識別組件之可執行碼不需要在實體上定位在一起,而是可包含儲存於不同位置中之不同指令,所述指令當在邏輯上接合在一起時包含該組件且達 成該組件之所述目的。
實際上,可執行碼之組件可為單一指令或許多指令,且可甚至分散在若干不同程式碼段上、在不同程式中及跨越若干記憶體裝置。類似地,可在本文中在組件內識別且說明操作資料,且操作資料可以任何合適形式來體現且組織於任何合適類型之資料結構內。操作資料可被收集作為單一資料集,或可分散於包括不同儲存裝置之不同位置上,且可至少部分僅作為電子信號而存在於系統或網路上。組件可為被動或主動的,包括可操作以執行所要功能之代理。
遍及本說明書對「實例」的提及意謂結合實例描述之特定特徵、結構或特性包括於本發明之至少一實施例中。因此,片語「在一實例中」在遍及本說明書的多處的出現未必全部指同一實施例。
如本文使用,為了方便起見,複數個項目、結構元件、組成元件及/或材料可存在於共同清單中。然而,應以好像清單中之每一成員被個別識別為單獨且獨特的成員的方式解釋此等清單。因此,在無相反指示的情況下,不應僅基於個別成員在共同群組中之存在而將此類清單中的個別成員解釋為同一清單之任何其他成員之實際等效物。另外,可在本文中連同本發明之各種組件之替代而提及本發明之各種實施例及實例。應理解,不應將此類實施例、實例及替代解釋為彼此之實際等效物,而是應視為本發明之單獨及自主表示。
儘管為了清晰性而稍詳細地描述了上述內容,但將顯而易見,可在不偏離本發明之原理的情況下進行特定改變及修改。應注意,存在實施本文所述之過程及設備的許多替代方式。因此,將本發明實施例視為例示性而非限制性的,且本發明不應限於本文所給定的細節,而是可在隨附申請專利範圍之範疇及等效物內加以修改。
熟習此項技術者將瞭解可在不偏離本發明之基礎原理的情況下對上述實施例之細節進行許多改變。因此,本申請案之範疇應僅藉由以下申請專利範圍來判定。
102‧‧‧使用者裝備(UE)
104‧‧‧eNodeB
106‧‧‧核心網路
108、110、112、114‧‧‧裝置對裝置(D2D)群組
116‧‧‧涵蓋區域

Claims (19)

  1. 一種使用者裝備(UE),其受組配成可與一演進型通用地面無線電存取網路(eUTRAN)通訊,該使用者裝備包含:一處理器;以及一記憶體,其與該處理器耦接,該記憶體儲存有當受該處理器執行時會致使該UE進行以下操作的指令:量測接收自一目標UE的一參考信號之接收功率位準,並量測接收自一或多個非目標UE的參考信號之接收功率位準;產生用於該目標UE與該一或多個非目標UE的數個資源使用映射,其中,每一資源使用映射指示出在一可用裝置對裝置頻譜中之可利用一對應UE來進行接收的資源元素群組;針對該目標UE,基於該資源使用映射與一預期信號對干擾比而判定每一資源元素群組的優先權,其中,該預期信號對干擾比係奠基於接收自該目標UE之參考信號及接收自該一或多個非目標UE之參考信號的接收功率位準;以及在具有針對該目標UE之最高優先權的一或多個資源元素群組內將資料傳輸至該目標UE。
  2. 如請求項1之UE,其中,該UE係藉由計算針對一資源元素群組的預期信號對干擾比來判定該資源元素群組之該優先權,其中,計算該預期信號對干擾比之操作包含: 對來自在該資源元素群組期間可用的該一或多個非目標UE的參考信號之接收功率位準求和,以產生一總和干擾功率位準;以及將接收自該目標UE的該參考信號之該接收功率位準除以該總和干擾功率位準。
  3. 如請求項1之UE,其中,判定該優先權之操作包含:在該目標UE在一資源元素群組期間為可用的狀況中指派對應於該預期信號對干擾比的一優先權值,並在該目標UE在該資源元素群組期間為不可用的狀況中指派一最小優先權值。
  4. 如請求項1之UE,其中,該UE將該資料傳輸至該目標UE之期間所在的該一或多個資源單元包含至少大於等於一信號對干擾比下限的預期信號對干擾比。
  5. 如請求項1之UE,其中,該記憶體進一步儲存有當受該處理器執行時會致使該UE進行以下操作的指令:建立與該目標UE的一裝置對裝置通信期。
  6. 如請求項1之UE,其中,該記憶體進一步儲存有當受該處理器執行時會致使該UE進行以下操作的指令:在具有針對該目標UE而言之最高信號對干擾比的該一或多個資源元素群組期間排程該資料至該目標UE的傳輸。
  7. 如請求項1之UE,其中,該UE係使用其他UE已知的一預界定隨機數產生器來產生該資源使用映射以使得該目標UE與該一或多個非目標UE中之每一者能夠產生相同的資源使用映射。
  8. 如請求項7之UE,其中,接收自該目標UE與該一或多個非目標UE的該等參考信號包含對應於該目標UE與該一或多個非目標UE的識別資訊,並且其中,產生該資源使用映射之操作包含:使用該識別資訊作為對於該預界定隨機數產生器的輸入。
  9. 一種用於裝置對裝置排程的方法,其包含下列步驟:使用一裝置對裝置配對無線電與一或多個未配對無線電之個別識別資訊與一預界定隨機數產生器來產生用於該裝置對裝置配對無線電與該一或多個未配對無線電的資源使用映射,該資源使用映射指示出可利用一對應無線電來進行接收的數個資源單元;對在該等資源單元中之一資源單元期間將為可用的該一或多個未配對無線電各者之頻道增益求和,以產生一總和未配對頻道增益;將該配對無線電之頻道增益除以該總和未配對頻道增益以產生一干擾位準;以及在包含大於一下限的干擾位準的一或多個資源單元期間排程至該配對無線電的傳輸。
  10. 如請求項9之方法,其進一步包含下列步驟:判定該配對無線電之該頻道增益;以及判定該一或多個未配對無線電各者之該頻道增益。
  11. 如請求項9之方法,其進一步包含下列步驟:基於該配對無線電之該干擾位準而計算一經排程資源單元之傳輸功率。
  12. 如請求項9之方法,其中,產生該資源使用映射之步驟進一步包含下列步驟:使用一排程週期作為對於該隨機數產生器的輸入並使用一資源利用率,該資源利用率界定一可用頻譜資源中的供一裝置對裝置配對所使用的一部分。
  13. 一種無線通訊裝置,其包含:一裝置對裝置通信期組件,其受組配成可建立與一配對無線通訊裝置的一裝置對裝置通信期;一資源使用組件,其受組配成可使用一預界定隨機數產生器來針對該無線通訊裝置、該配對無線通訊裝置、及一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置而判定可用及不可用資源單元,其中,該資源使用組件係使用個別無線通訊裝置之識別符作為對於該預界定隨機數產生器的輸入並利用該等資源單元之預期信號對干擾比來判定該等資源單元為可用或不可用,並且其中,該隨機數產生器基於相同輸入會產生相同輸出;一信號對干擾組件,其受組配成可藉由以下操作來針對一資源單元判定一預期信號對干擾比:對在該資源單元期間將為可用的該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置各者之頻道增益求和以產生一總和干擾頻道增益;及將該配對無線通訊裝置之頻道增益除以該總和干擾頻道增益;以及一排程組件,其受組配成可禁止在該無線通訊裝置 之不可用資源單元期間對無線傳輸作排程,並禁止在該配對無線通訊裝置之不可用資源單元期間對至該配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸作排程。
  14. 如請求項13之無線通訊裝置,其進一步包含一參考信號組件,該參考信號組件受組配成可判定該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置與該配對無線通訊裝置各者之頻道增益。
  15. 如請求項13之無線通訊裝置,其中,該排程組件進一步受組配成可在具有最高信號對干擾比之一或多個資源單元期間排程至該配對無線通訊裝置的無線傳輸。
  16. 如請求項13之無線通訊裝置,其進一步包含受組配成可藉由以下操作來針對一資源單元判定一預期信號對干擾比的一信號對干擾組件:對來自在該資源單元期間可用的該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置的參考信號之接收功率位準求和,以產生一總和干擾功率位準;以及將接收自該配對無線通訊裝置的該參考信號之接收功率位準除以該總和干擾功率位準。
  17. 如請求項13之無線通訊裝置,其中,該預界定數產生器在建立該裝置對裝置通信期之前便在該無線通訊裝置、該配對無線通訊裝置及該一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置內有所界定。
  18. 如請求項13之無線通訊裝置,其進一步包含一發現組件,該發現組件受組配成可發現該等配對無線通訊裝置 與一或多個未配對無線通訊裝置中之一或多者之識別符。
  19. 如請求項18之無線通訊裝置,其中,該等識別符包含下列中之至少一者:用於受組配成可使用一Wi-Fi協定來通訊的一無線通訊裝置的一媒體存取控制(MAC)位址;用於包含受組配成可與一演進型通用地面無線電存取網路(eUTRAN)通訊的使用者裝備(UE)的一無線通訊裝置的一裝置對裝置識別符;以及用於受組配成可在一無線人體區域網路(WBAN)中通訊的一無線通訊裝置的一識別符。
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