TW201511591A - 在頻譜共用訊文中之共用頻譜重指定 - Google Patents

在頻譜共用訊文中之共用頻譜重指定 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201511591A
TW201511591A TW103113871A TW103113871A TW201511591A TW 201511591 A TW201511591 A TW 201511591A TW 103113871 A TW103113871 A TW 103113871A TW 103113871 A TW103113871 A TW 103113871A TW 201511591 A TW201511591 A TW 201511591A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
base station
shared spectrum
shared
handover
configuration
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TW103113871A
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English (en)
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TWI552619B (zh
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馬克斯 穆克
瑞薩 亞瑞非
斯里坎斯亞亞尼 斯里坎特斯瓦拉
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英特爾智財公司
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Abstract

本發明提供用以從一共用頻譜無線通訊系統(例如許可共用存取、授權共用存取、雲端頻譜服務，或其類似者)有效率的大量交遞至一目標系統(例如第三代合作夥伴計畫長期演進技術(3GPP LTE))之技術。該些技術更可有效率處理從一共用頻譜配置期間轉移至下一共用頻譜配置期間。此外，該些技術可有效率處理多經營者轉移至重新許可或重新協商的共用頻譜配置。

Description

在頻譜共用訊文中之共用頻譜重指定
本發明係關於共用頻譜網路，以及更特別地，係關於在一許可期間結束時釋放以及/或者重指定頻譜。
共用頻譜許可(Shared-spectrum licensing)引進了一種機制，可以讓無線通訊網路的經營者可以暫時地根據需求增加或減少頻寬。實際上，未來預期蜂巢式通訊網路的經營者可能不用擁有足夠的專屬頻譜。以短期或長期的方式取得一部分的共用頻譜頻寬，就可以達到暫時增加或減少頻寬的目的。開發共用頻譜許可系統的一個目的是藉由讓蜂巢式通訊網路的經營者能夠從其他的實體(例如公用安全、政府，或其他私有經營者等)存取額外的許可頻譜，以滿足一些經營者的新增頻譜需求。
102‧‧‧共用頻譜基地台
104‧‧‧區域
106‧‧‧行動裝置
108‧‧‧被授權者
110‧‧‧現行頻譜持有者
112‧‧‧中央控制者或中介者
302‧‧‧覆蓋區域
304‧‧‧共用頻譜基地台
308a、308b、308c、308d、308e、308f‧‧‧目標基地台
306a、306b、306c、306d、306e、306f‧‧‧覆蓋區域
310a、310b、310c‧‧‧行動裝置
402a、402b、402c‧‧‧覆蓋區域
404a、404b、404c‧‧‧共用頻譜基地台
406a、406b、406c、406d、406e、406f‧‧‧覆蓋區域
408a、408b、408c、408d、408e、408f‧‧‧目標基地台
602‧‧‧中央控制實體
604‧‧‧蜂巢式網路經營者
606‧‧‧蜂巢式網路經營者
608‧‧‧行動裝置
610‧‧‧行動裝置
612‧‧‧觸發
614‧‧‧通訊頻道
616‧‧‧確認
618‧‧‧指示
702‧‧‧中央控制實體
704‧‧‧蜂巢式網路經營者
706‧‧‧蜂巢式網路經營者
708‧‧‧行動裝置
710‧‧‧行動裝置
712‧‧‧觸發
714‧‧‧通訊頻道
1002‧‧‧處理器子系統
1004‧‧‧記憶體
1006‧‧‧儲存模組
1008‧‧‧天線系統
1010‧‧‧互連
1012‧‧‧電源供應
1014‧‧‧資料
1016‧‧‧作業系統
圖1所示為一共用頻譜系統之示範架構；圖2所示為在一共用頻譜系統中的頻譜重分配； 圖3所示為從一具有一相當低頻的載波之共用頻譜基地台交遞至一或更多個目標基地台；圖4所示為從一具有一相當高頻的載波之共用頻譜基地台交遞至一或更多個目標基地台；圖5所示為一流程圖範例，其說明行動裝置從一共用頻譜基地台逐漸交遞至一或更多個目標基地台；圖6所示為在一中央控制實體的控制下從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之轉移；圖7所示為在一中央控制實體的控制下從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之轉移；圖8所示為用於多個經營者的從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之逐漸轉移；圖9所示為一流程圖範例，說明行動裝置從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之逐漸轉移；以及圖10所示為一基地台的架構範例之高階方塊圖。
【發明內容及實施方式】
在本說明書中參考到「一實施例」、「一個實施例」，或其類似者表示在此所提到的特殊特點、結構或特性係被包括在本發明的至少一個實施例中。在本說明書中提到這類字眼並不代表都是參考相同的實施例。
過去已經有提出與開發過各種共用頻譜許可系統。一共用頻譜系統的範例是許可共用存取(Licensed Shared Access,LSA)，其由無線電頻譜政策團體(Radio Spectrum Policy Group,RSPG)在歐洲開發。LSA是基於由Qualcomm和NOKIA所提出所謂的授權共用存取(Authorized Shared Access,ASA)的類似解決方案所產生。然而ASA僅限於國際行動電訊(International Mobile Telecommunication,IMT)的頻譜，而LSA同時用到了非IMT的頻譜。兩種解決方案在目前都處於相當概念的階段。另一種稱為雲端頻譜服務(Cloud Spectrum Services,CSS)的相關技術採用如同LSA和ASA的框架，但是引進更詳細的實施方式。此外，與LSA或ASA相較下，CSS更明確地著重在共用頻譜資源之動態共用。
以法規的層級來看，特別是在歐洲，對於像是LSA、ASA，以及CSS這類的共用頻譜解決方案特別有興趣。舉例來說，歐洲郵政及電信管理會議(The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administration,CEPT)的頻率管理工作小組(Working Group Frequency Management,WGFM)同意在2012年9月啟動相對應的專案團隊。歐洲電信標準協會(The European Telecommunications Standards Institute,ETSI)也已同意透過建立系統參考文件(System Reference Document,SRDoc)的方式，與標準組織建立正式合作管道。這份文件可以讓業界針對CEPT所推動的LSA/ASA/CSS正式地提供相關的意見和需求。這份SRDoc特別針對共用頻譜最有可能使用的2.3-2.4GHz頻帶。其他可用於共用頻譜的頻帶包括，舉例來說，歐洲的3.8GHz和470-790MHz，還有美國的3.5GHz。
目前在歐洲已經有多個實體組織獲准使用2.3-2.4GHz頻帶，它們被視為現在的頻譜擁有者。舉例來說，這個頻譜有用在警察和廣播業者的無線視訊網路、SAB/SAP視訊連結、電子新聞收集(electronic news gathering,ENG)、獲得無線頻譜使用執照的PMSE裝置、業餘無線電系統，或其類似者。
有許多系統都是共用頻譜帶的被授權候選者。舉例來說，大多數的蜂巢式廣域射頻通訊技術(cellular wide area radio communication technology)(其可包括，例如全球行動通訊系統(Global System for Mobile Communications,GSM)射頻通訊技術、通用封包無線電服務(General Packet Radio Service,GPRS)射頻通訊技術、GSM增強數據率演進(Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution,EDGE)射頻通訊技術，以及/或者第三代合作夥伴計畫(Third Generation Partnership Project,3GPP)射頻通訊技術(例如通用行動電信系統(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System,UMTS)、自由移動多媒體接入(Freedom of Multimedia Access,FOMA)、3GPP長期演進(3GPP LTE,Long Term Evolution)、3GPP長期演進進階(3GPP LTE Advanced,Long Term Evolution Advanced)、碼分部多重存取(Code division multiple access 2000,CDMA2000)、蜂巢式數位封包資料(Cellular Digital Packet Data,CDPD)、Mobitex、3G(Third Generation)、電路交換資料(Circuit Switched Data,CSD)、高速電路交換資料(High-Speed Circuit- Switched Data,HSCSD)、通用行動電信系統(3G)(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System(Third Generation))、寬頻碼分部多重存取(W-CDMA(UMTS))、高速封包存取(High Speed Packet Access,HSPA)、高速下載封包存取(High-Speed Downlink Packet Access,HSDPA)、高速上傳封包存取(High-Speed Uplink Packet Access,HSUPA)、增強型高速封包存取(High Speed Packet Access Plus,HSPA+)、通用行動電信系統分時雙工(Universal Mobile Telecommunications System-Time-Division Duplex,UMTS-TDD)、分時碼分部多重存取(Time Division-Code DivisionMultiple Access,TD-CDMA)、分時同步碼分部多重存取(Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access,TD-CDMA)、3GPP第8版(Rel.8)(Pre-4G)(3rd Generation Partnership Project Release 8(Pre-4th Generation))、3GPP 第9版(Rel.9)、3GPP第10版(Rel.10)、3GPP第11版(Rel.11)、3GPP第12版(Rel.12)、UMTS地面無線電存取(UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access,UTRA)、演進的UMTS地面無線電存取(Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access,E-UTRA)、LTE進階(4G)(Long Term Evolution Advanced(4th Generation))、cdmaOne(2G)、CDMA2000(3G)、演進資料最佳化或只有演進資料(Evolution-Data Optimized or Evolution-Data Only,EV-DO)、先進行動電話系統(1G)(Advanced Mobile Phone System,AMPS(1st Generation))、全存取通訊系統/延伸全存取通訊系統(Total Access Communication System/Extended Total Access Communication System,TACS/ETACS)、數位先進行動電話系統(2G)(Digital AMPS,D-AMPS(2nd Generation))、按鍵通話(Push-to-talk,PTT)、行動電話系統(Mobile Telephone System,MTS)、改良式行動電話系統(Improved Mobile Telephone System,IMTS)、先進行動電話系統(Advanced Mobile Telephone System,AMTS)、挪威公眾陸地行動電信(Norwegian for Offentlig Landmobil Telefoni,Public Land Mobile Telephony,OLT)、瑞典行動電信系統(Mobiltelefonisystem D,or Mobile telephony system D,MTD)、公眾陸地行動電話網路(Public Automated Land Mobile,Autotel/PALM)、芬蘭車用無線電電話(Finnish for Autoradiopuhelin,“car radio phone”,ARP)、北歐行動電話(Nordic Mobile Telephony,NMT)、NTT高容量版本(High capacity version of NTT(Nippon Telegraph and Telephone),Hicap)、蜂巢式數位封包資料(Cellular Digital Packet Data,CDPD)、Mobitex、DataTAC、整合數位增加網路(Integrated Digital Enhanced Network,iDEN)、個人數位蜂巢式通訊(Personal Digital Cellular,PDC)、電路交換資料(Circuit Switched Data,CSD)、個人手持電話系統(Personal Handy-phone System,PHS)、寬頻整合數位增強網路(Wideband Integrated Digital Enhanced Network,WiDEN)、iBurst、非授權行動存取(Unlicensed Mobile Access,UMA)，有時也稱為3GPP通用存取網路(Generic Access Network, GAN)標準)，或其類似者。
圖1所示為一共用頻譜系統之示範架構。系統包括一覆蓋區域104的共用頻譜基地台(shared-spectrum base station)102。共用頻譜基地台在覆蓋區域104內提供網路存取給行動裝置(行動裝置)106。共用頻譜基地台102係由共用頻譜系統內的網路經營者，也就是被授權者(licensee)108所控制。被授權者108透過一中央控制者或中介者(central controller or broker)112從一現行頻譜持有者(incumbent spectrum holder)110獲得共用頻譜的存取。控制者112可透過一協商程序負責配置以及/或者重配置。
在不同實施例中，在共用頻譜協議所配置給被授權者108的頻譜可根據變動的時標來配置，從固定到高度動態配置的共用頻譜不等。在許多情形下，一配置期間結束後，頻譜會重新指定給蜂巢式網路經營者。圖2提供頻譜重配置的說明。由於LSA目前有考慮2.3-2.4GHz的候選頻帶，因此圖表中所用的參數即配合此頻帶。然而，同樣的方法可應用到任何其他使用LSA或適用的頻譜共用技術(例如ASA、CSS等等)的頻帶。圖2所示為第一時期T1，其中經營者1、經營者2，以及經營者3使用在共用頻譜帶裡面的頻譜。在第二時期T2，經營者1、經營者2，以及經營者3仍舊使用在共用頻譜帶裡面的頻譜，不過頻譜已經重新配置。在不同實施例中，頻譜配置時期T1與T2直接相連，或者其中會有一等待期間，相關的頻 譜有部分(或全部)並沒有被蜂巢式網路經營者使用。為了方便清楚地說明，頻譜配置時期T1與T2對所有相關的蜂巢式網路經營者和所有的頻帶來說都是相同的。實際上，這些頻譜配置時期可針對經營者以及/或者頻帶的相關片段而有差異。
不論配置時期是長或短，都需要從一配置平順轉移至下一配置。目前有關共用頻譜的文件並沒有提到任何在頻譜配置時期之間轉移的智慧管理方式。因此，可假定傳統解決方案在一頻譜配置到期時是以中斷服務的方式進行。而服務會在新的頻譜配置重新協商與重指定以後重新啟動。對使用者來說缺點是連線會中斷，在中斷期間過後，可能需要重新建立服務。
所以，有需要在頻譜配置時期之間提供轉移的智慧管理。在此所提出的技術可於頻譜配置時期到期時仍提供持續的行動無線服務。
在一些實施例中，所有在共用頻譜帶內運作的使用者，在相關的蜂巢式網路經營者以及/或者相關的頻譜帶所用的頻譜配置時期到期時，都可被重配置至一合適的目標系統，像是一許可頻帶系統(例如3GPP LTE或傳統的2G或3G系統)、在2.4GHz以及/或者5GHz頻帶內的WiFi頻譜，或其類似者。在此情形下會產生一個問題是，在相關的共用頻譜帶內運作的行動裝置數目通常相當大，而要把這麼大量的使用者(在一巨集單元內可能有1,000或更多的使用者)同時交遞(handover)會很難達成， 而且會造成大量使用者的系統中斷。
要注意的是，共用頻譜帶可能會用在不同的載波頻率上，如此一來會影響到交遞至目標基地台的行動裝置的數目。圖3說明從一具有一相當低頻的載波之共用頻譜基地台交遞至一或更多個目標基地台。對於相當低頻的共用頻譜帶(也就是低於目標頻帶的頻率)，假定基地台傳輸功率的位準相近，共用頻譜基地台(shared-spectrum base station)304的一覆蓋區域(coverage area)302可比目標基地台(target base station)308a、308b、308c、308d、308e，以及308f(例如3GPP LTE、3G、2G，或其他類型的基地台、存取點等)的覆蓋區域(coverage area)306a、306b、306c、306d、306e，以及306f要大，這是因為在低頻率下有較佳的傳播特性所致。
舉例來說，TV頻帶(歐洲是470-790MHz)在未來或許是可能的共用頻譜候選。在此情形下，在共用頻譜基地台304的覆蓋區域內的行動裝置(行動裝置)310a、310b，以及310c也可能在多個以較高載波頻率運作的目標基地台(例如基地台308a、308c，以及308f)的覆蓋區域內。因此，共用頻譜基地台的交遞可能會分送至數個目標基地台。由於可能有大量的行動裝置同時加入，因此基本的目標系統在決定最佳的基地台選擇時，可能會導致額外的負擔(overhead)，以及可能發生的服務中斷。
圖4說明從一具有相當高頻的載波之共用頻譜基地台交遞至一或更多個目標基地台。對於高頻共用頻譜帶(例 如3.5GHz頻帶)來說，假定基地台傳輸功率的位準相同，共用頻譜基地台404a、404b，以及404c的覆蓋區域402a、402b，以及402c可能比目標基地台408a、408b、408c、408d、408e，以及408f的覆蓋區域406a、406b、406c、406d、406e，以及406f要小，這是因為在高頻率下傳播特性較差所致。在此情形下共用頻譜配置到期可能會造成在基本的目標系統中的單一目標基地台(例如基地台408f)的交通流量瞬間明顯增加。
對於具有與目標基地台相近的載波頻率之共用頻譜基地台來說(例如在一些實施例中，單一基地台可包含目標頻帶與共用頻譜技術)，則可假定：i)如果行動裝置部署重疊的話，配置給共用頻譜基地台的行動裝置可進行單一目標基地台的交遞，或者ii)如果行動裝置部署不重疊的話，配置給共用頻譜的行動裝置可進行二或多個目標基地台的交遞。這麼一來可能導致在基本的目標系統內的單一目標基地台的交通流量瞬間明顯增加(情形i)，或者對基本的目標系統在決定最佳的基地台選擇時，可能因大量行動裝置幾乎瞬間加入，造成額外的負擔(情形ii)。
此外，共用頻譜基地台與目標基地台的覆蓋區域可能會被法規限制，因此在傳輸頻率變動下，可能會造成上述的情形。
圖5所示為一流程圖範例，其說明行動裝置從一共用頻譜基地台逐漸交遞至一或更多個目標基地台。在步驟502，一共用頻譜基地台識別一或更多個被共用頻譜基地 台的服務區域所覆蓋的目標基地台。在一些實施例中，共用頻譜基地台可與一骨幹網路(backbone network)通訊並接收共用頻譜基地台的覆蓋區域內的目標基地台之指示。
在步驟504，共用頻譜基地台識別用於共用頻譜基地台的覆蓋區域之內的每一個行動裝置之目標基地台。舉例來說，為了識別目標基地台，共用頻譜基地台可以：i)識別可用來服務至少一些相關行動裝置之鄰近目標基地台，一般來說參數會考慮到像是相關行動裝置與目標基地台之間的實際距離，相關目標基地台的負載等；ii)識別相關的目標基地台目前所用的頻段；iii)如果目前所配置的容量不足，目標基地台可提升容量，舉例來說，增加LTE頻寬(在3GPP LTE系統內)或者重新配置資源(像是對目前服務的對象降低服務品質(QoS)，從保證QoS降低至最佳服務效用提供(best effort service provision)或其類似者)；以及iv)配置可用的LTE資源給使用者裝置。
在步驟506，共用頻譜基地台通知每個目標基地台從該共用頻譜基地台要交遞的行動裝置數目。在一些實施例中，共用頻譜網路的中央控制者可通知每一個目標基地台有關一或更多個共用頻譜基地台要交遞的行動裝置數目。
在步驟508，共用頻譜基地台從每個目標基地台接收用於被識別要交遞的行動裝置的交遞槽(handover slot)數目與時序。在不同實施例中，交遞槽彼此正交(orthogonal)，所以目標基地台不會因一次大量的交遞要求而過載。在一些實施例中，一骨幹網路元件可決定交遞 槽的數目與時序，並提供給共用頻譜基地台。舉例來說，在一個實施例中，共用頻譜控制器可在一給定的時間間隔內選擇要交遞的行動裝置的一子集。在另一實施例中，每個行動裝置會被任意指定一特殊的等待時間，以避免所有的使用者同時被交遞。
在步驟510，共用頻譜基地台開始將每個行動裝置從共用頻譜基地台交遞至一對應的目標基地台。
要注意的是，一般交遞的持續時間會在100秒到600秒的範圍，舉例來說，根據LTE自我組織的網路特性，特別是自動鄰區關係(Automatic Neighbor Relation,ANR)，此一持續時間可能會降低至0到400秒之間的值。由於持續時間可能很長，所以還沒等到先前觸發的交遞完成時，就可能發出用於不同行動裝置的交遞觸發(也就是可能會有重疊的交遞)。
如上述圖2所示，在不同的實施方式中，一般會預期配置給蜂巢式網路經營者使用的共用頻譜帶(例如LSA、ASA、CSS，或其類似者)在某一時點會到期。在許多情形下，一蜂巢式網路經營者可以在一許可期間結束後要求或協商共用頻譜配置的延伸。在一些實施例中，共用頻譜帶可根據要求以及/或者協商重新配置給蜂巢式網路經營者。然而，蜂巢式網路經營者可能會在修改過的參數下存取共用頻譜帶。舉例來說，載波頻率與所允許使用的頻寬可能與先前的配置不同。
在一個實施例中，單一經營者系統，舉例來說，可應 用二步驟的流程讓行動裝置從第一配置轉移至第二配置。在第一步驟中，與共用頻譜基地台相關的行動裝置可轉移至一或更多個目標基地台。在一個實施例中，從共用頻譜基地台轉移至一或更多個目標基地台可依循如圖5所示的逐漸交遞流程。然而，也可以採用其他交遞程序。
在第二步驟中，目標基地台可在第二配置下觸發將行動裝置交遞至共用頻譜基地台。在一個實施例中，每個行動裝置的交遞可依序地觸發，如同上述圖5所示的流程，以避免共用頻譜基地台飽和。替代地，行動裝置的交遞可根據蜂巢式網路經營者的服務政策以及/或者行動裝置使用者的服務方案加以排程。目標基地台在決定交遞時，也可考慮到像是網路壅塞、優先存取順序，或其類似者等因素。
儘管上述範例可應用在單一經營者系統，實際上共用頻譜重新許可/重新協商的過程可能會影響到多個蜂巢式網路經營者。為了避免經營者可能會在重新許可或重新協商的過程後嘗試存取同樣的頻譜而造成衝突，使得相關的共用頻譜帶的網路失效，可以採用中央控制實體(central control entity)來協調行動裝置的交遞。在一個實施例中，共用頻譜系統的控制者，如圖1所示，可作為中央控制實體。在其他的實施例中，一獨立於共用頻譜系統之外或一位於網路架構內的分散功能可做為中央控制者。
圖6所示為在一中央控制實體的控制下從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之轉移。在圖6的範例 中，中央控制實體(central control entity)602係與蜂巢式網路經營者(cellular operator)604、606通訊。行動裝置608與蜂巢式網路經營者604相關，而行動裝置610與蜂巢式網路經營者606相關。中央控制實體602使用觸發(trigger)612向蜂巢式網路經營者604與606指示第一配置時期到期。蜂巢式網路經營者604與606可利用通訊頻道(communication channel)614啟動將行動裝置608與610從一共用頻譜基地台交遞至目標基地台。
一旦成功地交遞行動裝置608與610，經營者可向中央控制實體發出確認(acknowledge)616，行動裝置已經從共用頻譜基地台轉移至目標基地台。中央控制實體602為了回應經營者604與606的確認，可向經營者指示(indicate)618有新配置的共用頻譜可用。經營者604與606接著可根據新配置，利用通訊頻道614觸發一交遞給共用頻譜基地台。
在另一實施例中，如圖7所示，中央控制實體702使用觸發712向蜂巢式網路經營者704與706指示第一配置時期到期。觸發也可包括其他資訊，像是否有新配置的共用頻譜帶。經營者704與706接收到資訊後，可在行動裝置708與710被轉移至目標基地台時，與其他經營者通訊以協調新配置的共用頻譜的交遞。
要注意的是圖6與7所提到的觸發與訊號並不一定要同時發生，不過它們是與同一共用頻譜帶相關，二個經營者之間在使用頻帶時有可能重疊。
在一些實施例中，從一個共用頻譜配置直接交遞至第二共用頻譜配置不需要將行動裝置轉移至一目標基地台。在二個配置期間之間的切換時間(如果確實有切換時間或者是會注意到的一段時間)內，由共用頻譜基地台所提供的服務可能會被暫停(也就是服務可能中斷，但是仍維持連線)。
採用與上述技術類似的方式，從第一配置逐漸轉移至新的配置也可用來減少服務中斷的情形。此一流程可包括將不同經營者同步化，其與圖6與圖7所述的技術類似。
可預期的是共用頻譜執照可能會配置給多個(一般超過2個)經營者。連接二個連續共用頻譜配置期間的相對應交遞可同時用於多個經營者。上述的技術確實可對應任何數目的經營者。然而，實際上此種同時轉移會涉及在所有相關的經營者之間的複雜同步化過程。所以，在一個實施例中，經營者可依序地轉移至新配置的共用頻譜帶。
圖8所示為用於多個經營者的從一第一共用頻譜配置到一第二共用頻譜配置之逐漸轉移。在一些實施例中，在如圖8所述的逐漸轉移前，每個經營者可讓其使用者擱置(on hold)，以便從共用頻譜帶的其中一部分轉移至另一部分。儘管圖8的範例是說明4個經營者的轉移，應可了解的是任何數目的經營者都可用來從第一共用頻譜配置轉移至第二共用頻譜配置。
在時間802，第一共用頻譜配置內有經營者1至4，每個都配置一部份的共用頻譜帶。
由於在圖8的範例中，經營者4並沒有第二共用頻譜配置的一部分，在時間804，經營者4啟動從共用頻譜基地台至一許可頻帶基地台的交遞。
在時間806，經營者1釋放其頻譜部分，而經營者2根據第二共用頻譜配置取得它所需的頻譜部分。
在時間808，經營者3釋放其頻譜部分，而經營者1根據第二共用頻譜配置取得它所需的頻譜部分。
在時間810，經營者3根據第二共用頻譜配置取得它所需的頻譜部分。
在圖8的範例中，應可了解的是，經營者3可能會面臨到必須在整個轉移期間都被擱置的問題，因為時間802與810之間可能相隔很久。也因此，連接至經營者3的網路的使用者可能會有服務中斷的危險。基於此理由，在一些實施例中，經營者3在轉移過程中也可將其使用者轉移至它所擁有的許可頻帶頻譜。
此一流程可用圖9來說明。在步驟902，共用頻譜基地台把所有涉及的經營者擱置(也就是對應的服務會暫停，但沒有斷線)。在步驟904，共用頻譜基地台識別出可切換至第二共用頻譜配置的經營者子集。
在步驟906，共用頻譜基地台將該經營者子集轉移至第二共用頻譜配置，並重新啟動相關經營者的服務。
在步驟908，共用頻譜基地台決定是否所有的經營者都已被轉移至第二共用頻譜配置。若否，則流程回到步驟904，讓額外的經營者轉移至第二共用頻譜配置。若是的 話，流程於步驟910結束。
應可了解的是服務在暫停與重新開始之間的暫停時間很短或可忽略。如果暫停時間過久，超過暫停使用者服務可接受的程度(例如根據經營者的QoS而定)，那麼共用頻譜基地台在轉移發生時，可啟動交遞至經營者的許可頻帶基地台。
圖10所示為一基地台的架構範例之高階方塊圖，舉例來說，一共用頻譜基地台或一目標基地台。在所述的實施例中，基地台架構是一處理系統，其包括一可包括一或更多個處理器之處理器子系統(processor subsystem)1002。基地台架構更包括一記憶體(memory)1004、儲存模組(storage module)1006，以及一天線系統(antenna system)1008，每一個由一互連(interconnect)1010互相連接，並由一電源供應(power supply)1012供電。
基地台架構可由一單一或多處理器系統實施，較佳是以一高階模組來與行動裝置互相傳送和接收資料。資料可透過天線系統1008通訊，其可包括一單一天線或多天線系統，用以在一或更多的頻率上接收與傳送資料。資料(data)1014可被儲存在儲存模組1006內，讓處理器子系統1002與記憶體1004存取。
在圖中的記憶體1004包含由處理器子系統1002與基地台架構的其他元件定址的儲存地點，用以儲存軟體程式碼與資料結構。處理器子系統1002和相關的元件可以包括，處理元件以及/或者邏輯電路，被設定用以執行軟體 碼和操縱資料結構。作業系統(operating system)1016通常有部分是在記憶體1004內，並且由處理器子系統1002執行，其功能是組織基地台的架構。對熟悉此技藝者來說，其它處理或記憶體實施方式，包括各種電腦可讀取儲存媒體，都可用來儲存和執行與本發明所述技術相關的程式指令。
上述的技術可由可程式電路系統加以程式化或者由軟體以及/或者韌體設定組態，或者可完全由特殊目的固線式電路系統實施，或此類形式的組合。此種特殊目的電路系統(若有的話)可以是，舉例來說，一或更多個特殊應用積體電路(ASIC)、可程式化邏輯裝置(PLD)、場可程式化閘陣列(FPGA)等的形式。
用來實施本發明所述技術之軟體或韌體可被儲存於一機器可讀取儲存媒體，並可被一或更多個通用或特殊用途的可程式微處理器執行。在此所提到的「機器可讀取媒體(machine-readable medium)」一詞包括任何可以將資訊儲存為一機器可存取的機制(機器可為，舉例來說，電腦、網路裝置、蜂巢式電話、數位個人助理(PDA)、製造工具、任何具有一或更多個處理器之裝置等等)。舉例來說，機器可存取媒體包括可錄式/非可錄式媒體(例如唯讀記憶體(ROM)、隨機存取記憶體(RAM)、磁碟儲存媒體、光學儲存媒體、快閃記憶體裝置等等)。
在此所使用的「邏輯(logic)」可包括，舉例來說，配合可程式電路系統之特殊目的固線式電路系統、軟體、以 及/或者韌體，或上述的組合。
儘管本發明的實施例已經透過上述特定實施範例加以說明，不過其實際範疇不應受限於此，而熟悉此技藝者在所附的申請專利範圍之精神與範疇內，進行各種修改與調整。因此，本說明書與圖表應視為舉例，而非限制本發明。
102‧‧‧共用頻譜基地台
104‧‧‧區域
106‧‧‧行動裝置
108‧‧‧被授權者
110‧‧‧現行頻譜持有者
112‧‧‧中央控制者或中介者

Claims (25)

  1. 一種共用頻譜基地台，包含：一處理器；以及一與該處理器耦接之記憶體，該記憶體儲存指令當該指令在被執行時，使得該共用頻譜基地台：識別一或更多個被該共用頻譜基地台的一服務區覆蓋之目標系統；針對每一與該共用頻譜基地台通訊之行動裝置，識別該一或更多個目標系統之一特定目標系統以及交遞槽的一數目與時序，其中交遞槽的數目對應用於交遞的行動裝置的數目；以及根據交遞槽的數目與時序，啟動一用於該複數個行動裝置的每一個對該一或更多個目標系統之交遞。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該些指令更使得該共用頻譜基地台：通知每一目標系統用於交遞的行動裝置之數目；以及從每一目標系統接收交遞槽的數目與時序。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該些指令更使得該共用頻譜基地台：根據新配置或重新協商的共用頻譜帶之可用性，接收一用於第二複數個行動裝置的每一個之交遞。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該些指令更使得該共用頻譜基地台：接收與複數個許可頻帶經營者相關的行動裝置之一交 遞，其中用於複數個許可頻帶經營者的每一個之交遞係依序地發生。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該共用頻譜帶相對於該目標頻帶係一低頻帶，以及該共用頻譜基地台的該服務區覆蓋多個目標基地台的服務區。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該共用頻譜帶係接近該目標頻帶，以及該共用頻譜基地台的該服務區覆蓋一目標基地台的一相似區域。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該共用頻譜帶相對於該目標頻帶係一高頻帶，以及多個共用頻譜基地台的該服務區落在一單一目標基地台的一服務區。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中為了根據該些交遞槽的該數目與時序以啟動一用於該複數個行動裝置的每一個之交遞，該些指令使得該共用頻譜基地台在完成一先前觸發的交遞之前，啟動一用於下一交遞槽之交遞。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該交遞槽係用於一個行動裝置。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該交遞槽係用於超過一個行動裝置。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該目標基地台係一長期演進技術(LTE)基地台。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台， 其中該共用頻譜基地台係一許可共用存取(LSA)基地台。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該共用頻譜基地台係一授權共用存取(ASA)基地台。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之共用頻譜基地台，其中該共用頻譜基地台係一雲端頻譜服務(CSS)基地台。
  15. 一種具有指令之非暫態電腦可讀取媒體，當該些指令被一處理器執行時，使得該處理器實施一方法，用以將複數個無線通訊經營者從共用頻譜帶的一第一配置轉移至共用頻譜帶的一第二配置，該方法包含：讓該複數個無線通訊經營者的每一個擱置，其中由該複數個無線通訊經營者提供的服務被暫停，但並未斷線；針對該複數個無線通訊經營者的一第一子集啟動一由該第一配置至該第二配置之轉移；回應於該轉移的完成，重新啟動用於該複數個無線通訊經營者的該第一子集之服務；識別該複數個無線通訊經營者的一第二子集，其在該第二配置中具有一部份的頻譜，與該複數個無線通訊經營者的該第一子集空出的頻譜部分重疊；以及根據來自一先前轉移所空出的頻譜，重複從該第一配置至該第二配置之轉移與重新啟動，直到該複數個無線通訊經營者的每一個被轉移至該第二配置為止。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之非暫態電腦可讀取媒體，其中該方法更包含因應該轉移的完成，重新啟動用於該複數個無線通訊經營者的該第二子集之服務。
  17. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之非暫態電腦可讀取媒體，其中該方法更包含：在該轉移期間啟動將該複數個無線通訊經營者的至少其中一些暫時交遞至一目標系統。
  18. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之非暫態電腦可讀取媒體，其中該方法更包含：識別該複數個無線通訊經營者的一第三子集，其在共用頻譜帶的該第二配置中不具有一部份的頻譜；以及啟動一用於該複數個無線通訊經營者的該第三子集之用戶與一目標系統之交遞。
  19. 一種將複數個行動裝置從共用頻譜帶的一第一配置轉移至共用頻譜帶的一第二配置之方法，該方法包含：於一目標基地台接收一指示，以在從該第一配置至該第二配置的轉移期間內，開始一交遞，用以將該複數個行動裝置的每一個從一或更多個共用頻譜基地台轉移至該目標基地台；由該目標基地台將用於該複數個行動裝置的每一個的交遞槽之一指示傳送至一或多個共用頻譜基地台的每一個；根據用於該複數個行動裝置的每一個的交遞槽，實施用於該複數個行動裝置的每一個之交遞；在該目標基地台接收在該第二配置內的共用頻譜帶的可用性之一指示；以及實施一用於行動裝置至該共用頻譜基地台之一交遞。
  20. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該交遞槽係用於一個行動裝置。
  21. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該交遞槽係用於超過一個行動裝置。
  22. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該目標基地台係一第三代合作夥伴計畫長期演進技術(3GPP LTE)基地台。
  23. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該共用頻譜基地台係一許可共用存取(LSA)基地台。
  24. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該共用頻譜基地台係一授權共用存取(ASA)基地台。
  25. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法，其中該共用頻譜基地台係一雲端頻譜服務(CSS)基地台。
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US20140323133A1 (en) 2014-10-30
KR20150121110A (ko) 2015-10-28
US20160056992A1 (en) 2016-02-25
US20140321360A1 (en) 2014-10-30
TW201507388A (zh) 2015-02-16

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