CN105052109A - 用于访问因特网协议多媒体子系统（IMS）的基于网络的实时通信（WebRTC）的架构 - Google Patents

用于访问因特网协议多媒体子系统（IMS）的基于网络的实时通信（WebRTC）的架构 Download PDF

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CN105052109A
CN105052109A CN201480017233.0A CN201480017233A CN105052109A CN 105052109 A CN105052109 A CN 105052109A CN 201480017233 A CN201480017233 A CN 201480017233A CN 105052109 A CN105052109 A CN 105052109A
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imsue
ims
asif
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message
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单长虹
穆泰俄赫·温卡塔查拉姆
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Intel IP Corp
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Intel IP Corp
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Abstract

本文一般地描述了用于提供用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的架构的实施例。在一些实施例中，非IMS用户设备(UE)和与非IMS？UE位于同处的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)一起被提供。非IMS？UE被布置为将非IMS？UE的注册消息发送至ASIF用于在IMS核心上注册。ASIF被布置为将来自非IMS？UE的注册消息转换为基于IMS的信令，并且使用被转换为基于IMS的信令的注册消息在IMS核心上注册非IMS？UE。

Description

用于访问因特网协议多媒体子系统（IMS）的基于网络的实时通信（WebRTC）的架构
优先权请求
本申请要求于2013年12月26日提交的序列号为14/141,034的美国专利申请的权益，该美国专利申请要求2013年4月26日提交的序列号为61/816,662的美国临时专利申请的权益，这些申请的每一个的全部内容通过引用合并于此。
背景技术
为了交换信息的分组，因特网协议(IP)会话涉及两个设备之间跨路由器、电缆、和交换机的网络的连接。例如，网络浏览器为了检索信息可以与网站建立基于IP的超文本传输协议安全(HTTPS)会话。在另一个示例中，设备可以与另一个计算设备建立会话发起协议(SIP)会话，例如，进行电话呼叫。
为了在浏览器客户端之间建立实时的音频会话和视频会话，网络浏览器最近已经开始采用网络实时通信(WebRTC)协议。WebRTC通过简单的JavaScriptAPI使网络浏览器能够具有实时通信(RTC)能力。网络平台提供查看多种内容的方式，向开发者提供一次写入到处部署的模式，并且支持服务提供者在全球范围内部署服务。被HTML5例示的浏览器技术改进和将实时通信添加至网络平台的正在进行的工作，为组合通信与数据和提升用户体验创造了新的机遇。
IP多媒体子系统或IP多媒体核心网子系统(IMS)是用于分发IP多媒体服务的架构框架。IMS主要基于会话发起协议(SIP)作为IP网络的丰富、实时媒体会话协议，通过这样，依赖于基于SIP的端点和软客户端以在服务上注册和支持用户。IMS架构被设计为将由固定线路(传统电信公司)、移动(传统蜂窝)、和融合服务提供者(电缆公司和提供三网合一(例如语音服务、视频服务和数据服务)的其他公司＝)提供的服务从被用于接收这些服务的接入网络中分离。
具有IMS能力的终端使用用户设备(UE)上的应用来发送和接收SIP请求。然而，具有IMS能力的终端可以被实现为PC、IP电话等等上的软件。然而，WebRTC客户端使能的设备(例如UE)不包括IMS客户端能力，并且因此不能访问IMS核心。
附图说明
图1根据实施例示出了IMS架构；
图2示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问IMS运营商所有的网络服务器的IMSUE；
图3示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问第三方所有的网络服务器的IMSUE；
图4示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问具有IMS订阅的网络服务器的IMSUE；
图5示出了匿名用户通过第三方基于WebRTC的应用获得IMS服务；
图6根据实施例示出了网络中的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)；
图7根据实施例示出了注册过程；
图8根据实施例示出了会话建立过程；
图9根据实施例，示出了基于干扰技术，针对直接数字合成器提供有效的宽带逆信道化的示例性机器900的框图。
具体实施方式
下面的描述和附图充分地示出了具体实施例以使得本领域的技术人员能够实施它们。其他实施例可以并入结构、逻辑、电气、过程和其他改变。一些实施例的部分和特征可以被包括在这些其他实施例的相应部分中(或由这些实施例的相应部分取代)。下面将在权利要求以及这些权利要求的可用的等同物的范围内详细阐述实施例。
根据实施例，应用信令互通功能(ASIF)被提供用于使WebRTC客户端能够访问IMS核心。如果没有ASIF，则WebRTC客户端使能的UE不具有IMS客户端能力。通过在UE中提供ASIF，那么UE也可以变为具有IMS能力的UE。因此，由ASIF提供的WebRTC客户端访问IMS的特征，允许IMS运营商向在它们的WebRTC使能的浏览器上运行兼容的WebRTC使能的网络应用的用户提供IMS服务。用户将从由IMS运营商直接提供或者由与IMS运营商具有商业关系的第三方提供的网页访问应用。取决于应用类型和所有权，ASIF支持本地的IMS用户、第三方用户、和匿名用户。WebRTC扩展了IMS服务的范围。WebRTC还可以将当前在网用户的服务范围和联系范围扩展至可以运行HTML5浏览器的几乎任意端点。用户可以从任意安装有浏览器的设备访问IMS服务，例如，PC、平板电脑、智能手机、电视等等，而不需要客户端/应用安装、操作系统版本或设备制造商的支持。
图1根据实施例示出了IMS架构100。在图1中，IMS架构10包括三层：第一层包括端点与访问层108和传输层110，会话和控制层150以及应用和服务层180。传输和端点层110将传输和媒体从模拟、数字、或宽带格式统一至实时传输协议(RTP)和SIP协议。端点和访问层108发起和终止SIP信令、设置会话并且提供承载服务，包括模拟格式或数字格式向分组的转换。
在传输层110中，接入网(AN)112是包括接入网路由器的IP网络。IP连接性接入网(IPCAN)114是提供因特网协议(IP)连接性的接入网，并且根据3GPPIP多媒体子系统(IMS)标准，IPCAN114可以指任意类型的基于IP的接入网。接入边界网关(ABG)116作为接入网与核心网之间用于从接入网掩盖服务提供者的网络的分组网关来工作，通过该ABG116访问基于分组的服务的终端用户的功能可以包括打开网关和关闭网关、基于防火墙过滤分组、流量分类和标记、流量监管和整形、网络地址和端口转换等等。
策略决定功能(PDF)118负责基于从代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)160获得的会话和媒体相关的信息制定策略决定，该功能将在下面进行描述。IPv4/IPv6骨干网(BB)120提供了用于携带IPv4分组和IPv6分组的基础设施。边界网关121策略执行和网络地址转换(NAT)作为到分组数据网络(PDN)的网关来工作和运行。IPv6分组数据网络(PDN)122针对通信使用IPv6分组，并且IPv4分组数据网络(PDN)124是使用IPv4分组的网络。媒体由媒体资源功能(MRF)126来处理，该MRF126包括媒体资源功能控制器(MRFC)128和媒体资源功能处理器(MRFP)130，该MRF126也可以被称为媒体服务器(MS)。
IP多媒体子系统IP网关(IMSIPGW)132作为IMS层100与其他网络(例如，电路交换(CS)网络134、IPv6PDN122、IPv4PDN124等等)之间的网关来运行。CS网络134支持电话呼叫和分组交换的网络处理的数据。应用层网关(ALG)136在IPv4网络和IPv6网络之间转换SIP消息和SDP消息。转换网关(TrGW)138提供诸如网络地址/端口转换和IPv4/IPv6协议转换之类的功能。IMS媒体网关(IMS-MGW)140终止来自交换的电路网络的承载信道和来自分组网络的媒体流。IMS-MGW140支持媒体转换、承载控制和有效载荷处理。
会话和控制层150管理各种其他网络元件之间的逻辑连接。会话和控制层150提供端点的注册、SIP消息的路由、和媒体和信令资源的整体协调。会话和控制层包括呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)152和归属用户服务器(HSS)数据库154。HSS154为每一终端用户维护服务配置文件，该服务配置文件包括注册信息、偏好、漫游、语音邮件选项、和好友列表。呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)152拦截呼叫信令并且将它传递至应用服务，从而由应用服务来进行处理。归属用户服务器(HSS)数据库154在接口之下一起提取用户数据。
服务呼叫会话控制功能(S-CSCF)156是IMS的核心，并且提供使得运营商能够控制服务分发和会话的网络之内的控制的点。S-CSCF156是SIP服务器，该SIP服务器负责处理针对用户的服务的方面、维护用户已经发起的会话的状态、和内容的控制与分发。S-CSCF156具有由用户订阅的服务的知识，并且它具有通过联系合适的应用服务器182来使能这样的服务的责任，将在下面对其进行描述。
询问呼叫会话控制功能(I-CSCF)158作为IMS网络的网关来运行，并且它位于每一管理域的边缘。通过外部网络转发SIP消息，I-CSCF158授权或拒绝到运营商网络的访问，从而保护诸如S-CSCF156和HSS154之类的实体。代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)160是到IMS的接入点，并且作为用户设备(UE)的SIP代理服务器来运行。
中断网关控制功能(BGCF)162选择其中PSTN中断将要发生的网络，例如与PSTN的连接。媒体网关控制功能(MGCF)164控制MGW来向PSTN主干线提供IMS连接，并且在ISUP与SIP之间执行协议转换。媒体网关(MGW)166与MGCF164交互以用于资源控制。MGW166作为不同的电信网络(例如，PSTN；下一代网络；2G、2.5G和3G无线接入网或PBX)之间的转换单元来运行。MGW166使得多媒体通信能够跨越在诸如ATM和IP之类的多种传输协议上的下一代网络。例如当被布置为VoIPMGW时，MGW166还可以在TMD语音到因特网协议上语音(VoIP)之间执行转换。由于MGW166连接不同类型的网络，它的主要功能之一是在不同的传输和编码技术之间进行转换。信令网关(SGW)168被用来互连诸如基于STP-IP的信令网络和SS7信令网络之类的不同的信令网络，并且在传输层执行信令转换。
应用服务层180包括多个应用服务器(AS)182，例如，电话应用服务器(TAS)、IP多媒体服务交换功能(IM-SSF)、开放服务接入网关(OSA-GW)等等。这些服务器中的每一个负责执行用户会话上的功能、维持呼叫的状态。更重要的是，它们在IMS的新领域中桥接了遗留的高级智能网络(AIN)服务。AS182提供了服务执行环境、具体应用逻辑(例如，一键通、存在、预付、即时通讯)、和一个或多个服务的信令。AS182可以代表服务和提供应用184支配和影响SIP会话。用户位置功能(SLF)186是IP多媒体子系统之内的实体，该实体提供关于与特定的用户配置文件相关联的归属用户服务器(HSS)154的信息。
图2示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问IMS运营商200所有的网络服务器的IMSUE。在图2中，基于WebRTC的客户端/应用210支持广泛的IMS客户端的能力。用户202使用IMSUE214上的WebRTC客户端210来访问网络服务器220，该WebRTC客户端210可以包括具有WebRTC能力的浏览器212。网络服务器220能够访问IMS服务器222。网络服务器220和IMS服务器222位于IMS运营商的域230之内。
图3示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问第三方300所有的网络服务器的IMSUE。在图3中，用户302通过第三方基于WebRTC的应用服务器320来获得它们的IMS服务。用户302使用IMSUE314上的WebRTC客户端310来访问网络服务器320，该WebRTC客户端310可以包括具有WebRTC能力的浏览器312。网络服务器320然后访问IMS服务器332。然而，在图3中，网络服务器320不是IMS运营商的域330的一部分。相反，网络服务器320与提供IMS运营商的域330的运营商具有商业关系。归属IMS运营商与第三方之间的商业关系确保了兼容客户端应用310的使用和IMSUE314与网络服务器320之间的安全关系的建立。
图4示出了使用WebRTC客户端来访问具有IMS订阅400的网络服务器的IMSUE。用户402使用IMSUE414上的WebRTC客户端410来访问网络服务器420，该WebRTC客户端410可以包括具有WebRTC能力的浏览器412。在图4中，网络服务器420具有IMS订阅422，该IMS订阅422具有多个公共身份。因此，网络服务器420不是IMS运营商的域430的一部分。网络服务器420能够访问IMS服务器432。用户402向网络服务器420提供登录凭证，并且通过网络服务器420获得临时的IMS公共身份424。
图5示出了匿名用户通过第三方基于WebRTC的应用500获得IMS服务。用户502使用IMSUE514上的WebRTC客户端510来访问网络服务器520，该WebRTC客户端510可以包括具有WebRTC能力的浏览器512。网络服务器520能够访问IMS服务器532。在图5中，用户502可能仅能够联系，例如，IMS运营商的域530的客户代表560。再一次地，网络服务器520不是IMS运营商的域530的一部分，但是替代地，网络服务器520具有IMS订阅522，该IMS订阅522具有多个公共身份。用户502能够通过使用来自网络服务器520的IMS公共身份的匿名呼叫，联系IMS运营商的域530的客户代表560。
图6根据实施例示出了网络600中的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)。在图6中，非IMSUE610想要访问来自IMS核心630的服务。为了提供用于非IMSUE610访问来自IMS核心630的服务的功能，应用信令互通功能(ASIF)620与IMSUE610被放置于同一处。
属于相同家庭订阅的UE可以是具有IMS能力的，而其他则不是。当用户使用非IMSUE610来访问移动网络运营商(MNO)的IMS核心630时，用户可以能够先将非IMSUE610依附于IMSUE，并且然后通过IMSUE向IMS核心630注册以建立IMS会话。
注册是用于使用UE访问IMS核心630的先决条件。通常，SIPUE本身发起IMS注册。但是不具有ASIF620的非IMSUE610不包括这样的能力。因此，ASIF620使得非IMSUE610能够提供IMS凭证。相应地，IMS凭证可以由非IMSUE610通过ASIF620来提供，或者可以由IMSUE来提供。
非IMSUE610可以通过S20接口642来访问ASIF620。因此，S20接口642提供了非IMSUE610与ASIF620之间的新参考点。Gm接口640是IMS客户端(例如，通过ASIF620的非IMSUE610，和代理单元会话控制功能(P-CSCF)632)之间的当前参考点。P-CSCF632控制被用来修改针对IMS的承载流的接入网关功能。呼叫会话控制功能(CSCF)处理IMS中的SIP信令分组。P-CSCF632是SIP代理，该SIP代理是用户通过ASIF620的联系的第一点，并且P-CSCF632可以位于受访网络(在全IMS网络)或归属地网络(当受访网络还不符合IMS)中。
P-CSCF632在归属地网络和第三方网络中维护到已知实体的安全传输连接。P-CSCF632可以控制由接入网关提供的媒体平面互通功能，包括特定于WebRTC的这些附加媒体平面功能。
ASIF620将基于WebRTC的应用信令(例如，HTTP/HTML5)转换为IMS信令(例如，会话发起协议(SIP))，该ASIF620位于WebRTC客户端612与IMS核心630之间的应用信令路径上。ASIF620可以位于由框622表示的IMSUE610中或由框622表示的其他实体624中，例如网络服务器、P-CSCF、其他中间功能实体或独立功能实体。ASIF620可以由用户、公共陆地移动网(PLMN)、IMS运营商或第三方服务提供者所有。ASIF620通过将基于网络的信令转换为基于IMS的信令来帮助非IMSUE610使用IMS服务。相应地，ASIF620位于非IMSUE610与IMS核心630之间的应用信令路径上。
ASIF620可以支持WebRTC客户端612和IMS核心630之间的媒体平面互通过程的控制平面和协商。对于非IMSUE610与网络之间的会话信令，使能在IMS核心630中的用户识别、认证和注册的被支持选项的信息被改变。
图7根据实施例示出了注册过程700。非IMSUE710向ASIF720注册712。这等同于HTTP注册消息。当ASIF720从非IMSUE710接收注册消息712时，ASIF720将注册消息转换为等同的SIP注册消息，并且向IMS核心730发起IMS注册过程740。如果IMS注册过程740成功，则ASIF720将等同的SIP200OK消息750发送至非IMSUE710。SIP200OK消息是指示对请求的成功响应的消息。
图8根据实施例示出了会话建立过程800。会话建立过程800包括非IMSUE810与ASIF820之间的HTTP会话建立消息交互812。IMS会话建立过程832在ASIF820与IMS核心830之间执行。
图9根据实施例，示出了基于干扰技术，针对直接数字合成器提供有效的宽带逆信道化的示例性机器900的框图，基于该示例性机器，本文所讨论的技术(例如，方法)中的任一个或更多个可以执行。在替代的实施例中，机器900可以作为独立设备来运行，或可以被连接(例如，联网)至其他设备。在联网部署中，机器900可以作为服务器-客户端网络环境中的服务器机器和/或客户端机器来运行。在示例中，机器900可以作为对等(P2P)(或其他分布式)网络环境中的对等机器来运行。机器900可以是个人计算机(PC)、平板PC、机顶盒(STB)、个人数字助理(PDA)、移动电话、网络设备、网络路由器、交换机或网桥，或能够执行指定由机器所采取的动作的指令(顺序的或其它方式)的任意机器。此外，虽然示出的是单一机器，但是术语“机器”还应当被理解为包括机器的任意集合，该任意集合的机器独立地或联合地执行一组(或多组)指令，从而执行本文所讨论的方法中的任一个或更多个，例如云计算、软件服务(SaaS)、其它计算机簇配置。
如本文所描述的示例可以包括逻辑或若干部件、模块、或机制(或可以在逻辑或若干部件、模块、或机制上运行)。模块是能够执行特定操作的有形实体(例如，硬件)，并且可以以某种方式被配置或布置。在示例中，电路可以以特定的方式被布置(例如，内部地或相对于诸如其他电路之类的外部实体)成模块。在示例中，一个或多个计算机系统(例如，独立、客户端或服务器计算机系统)的至少一部分或一个或多个硬件处理器902可以被固件或软件(例如，指令、应用部分、或应用)配置为运行以执行指定操作的模块。在示例中，软件可驻留在至少一个机器可读介质上。在示例中，当软件由模块的底层硬件来执行时，使得硬件执行特定的操作。
相应地，术语“模块”应被理解为包括有形实体，该有形实体被物理地构造、具体地配置(例如，硬连线)、或临时(例如，暂时性地)被配置(例如，编程)为以指定的方式操作，或执行本文所描述的任意操作的至少一部分。考虑其中模块被临时配置的示例，模块不需要在任一时刻瞬间实例化。例如，当模块包括被配置为使用软件的通用硬件处理器902；通用硬件处理器可以在不同时间被配置为相应的不同模块。软件可以相应地配置硬件处理器，例如，在一个时间实例构成特定模块，并且在不同时间实例构成不同模块。术语“应用”或其变型，在本文中被广泛地用来包括例程、程序模块、程序、组件等等，并且可以在各种系统配置上被实现，包括单处理器系统或者多处理器系统、基于微处理器的电子器件，单核系统或多核系统、它们的组合等等。因此，术语应用可以被用来指软件的实施例或被布置为执行本文所描述的任意操作的至少一部分的硬件。
机器(例如，计算机系统)900可以包括硬件处理器902(例如，中央处理单元(CPU)、图形处理单元(GPU)、硬件处理器核心、或它们的任意组合)、主存储器904和静态存储器906，其中的至少一些可以通过互连(例如，总线)908与其他进行通信。机器900还可以包括显示单元910、字母数字输入设备912(例如，键盘)、和用户界面(UI)导航设备914(例如，鼠标)。在示例中，显示单元910、输入设备912和UI导航设备914可以是触摸屏显示器。机器900还可以包括存储器设备(例如，驱动单元)916、信号生成设备918(例如，扬声器)、网络接口设备920、和一个或多个传感器921，例如全球定位系统(GPS)传感器、罗盘、加速度计、或其他传感器。机器900可以包括输出控制器928，例如，串行(例如，通用串行总线(USB))、并行、或其他有线或无线(例如，红外线(IR))连接以通信或控制一个或多个外围设备(例如，打印机、读卡器等等)。
存储器设备916可以包括至少一个机器可读介质922，在该至少一个机器可读介质922上存储了实施本文所描述的技术或功能中的任一个或更多个，或者由本文所描述的技术或功能中的任一个或更多个利用的一组或多组数据结构或指令924(例如，软件)。指令924也可以在由机器900执行的期间至少部分地驻留在诸如主存储器904、静态存储器906、或硬件处理器902之类的另外的机器可读存储器之内。在示例中，硬件处理器902、主存储器904、静态存储器906、或存储器设备916中的一个或任意组合可以构成机器可读介质。
虽然机器可读介质922被示出为单一介质，但是术语“机器可读介质”可以包括被配置为存储一个或多个指令924的单一介质或多个介质(例如，集中式数据库或分布式数据库、和/或相关联的缓存和服务器)。
术语“机器可读介质”可以包括任意介质，该介质能够存储、编码、或携带用于由机器900来执行的指令，并且该指令使得机器900执行本公开的技术中的任一个或更多个，或该介质能够存储、编码、或携带由这些指令使用的或与这些指令相关联的数据结构。非限制性的机器可读介质的示例可以包括固态存储器、光学介质和磁介质。机器可读介质的具体示例可以包括：诸如半导体存储器设备(例如，电可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM))和闪存设备之类的非易失性存储器、诸如内部硬盘和可移除盘之类的磁盘、磁光盘、CD-ROM盘和DVD-ROM盘。
还可以通过利用多个传输协议(例如，帧中继、因特网协议(IP)、传输控制协议(TCP)、用户数据报协议(UDP)、超文本传输协议(HTTP)等等)中的任一个的网络接口设备920，使用传输介质通过通信网络926来发送或接收指令924。示例通信网络可以包括局域网络(LAN)、广域网(WAN)、分组数据网络(例如，因特网)、移动电话网络((例如，包括码分多址(CDMA)、时分多址(TDMA)、频分多址(FDMA)和正交频分多址(OFDMA)的信道接入方法、和诸如全球移动通信系统(GSM)、通用移动电信系统(UMTS)、CDMA20001x*标准和长期演进(LTE)之类的蜂窝网络)、普通老式电话(POTS)网络、和无线数据网络(例如，包括IEEE802.11标准(WiFi)、IEEE802.16标准以及其他的标准的电气和电子工程师协会(IEEE)标准族)、对等(P2P)网络、或现在已知或以后开发的其他协议。
例如，网络接口设备920可以包括用于连接至通信网络926的一个或多个物理插孔(例如，以太网插孔、同轴电缆插孔、或电话插孔)或一根或多根天线。在示例中，网络接口设备920可以包括多根天线，从而使用单输入多输出(SIMO)、多输入多输出(MIMO)、或多输入单输出(MISO)技术中的至少一个进行无线地通信。术语“传输介质”应当被理解为包括任意无形介质，该任意无形介质能够存储、编码或携带用于由机器900执行的指令，并且该任意无形介质包括数字通信信号或模拟通信信号或用于促进这样的软件的通信的其他无形介质。
上述详细描述包括对附图的引用，这些附图构成了详细描述的一部分。附图通过图示的方式示出了可被实施的具体实施例。这些实施例在本文中也被称作“示例”。这种示例可以包括除那些被示出或描述的元件以外的元件。然而，还考虑到了包括被示出或描述的元件的示例。此外，针对本文示出或描述的具体示例(或其一个或多个方面)或者针对本文示出或描述的其他示例(或其一个或多个方面)，还考虑到了使用那些被示出或描述的元件(或其一个或多个方面)的任何组合或排列的示例。
在本文件中所参考的出版物、专利、和专利文献通过引用的方式被全部并入本文，就好像各自通过引用被并入一样。如果在通过引用而被并入的那些文件和本文件之间存在不一致的用法，则通过引用被并入的(一个或多个)参考文件中的用法是对本文件的用法的补充；对于不可协调的不一致性，以本文件中的用法为准。
在本文件中，如专利文件中常见的那样，术语“一”或“一个”被用于包括一个或一个以上，这独立于任何其他“至少一个”或“一个或多个”的实例或用法。在本文件中，除非另有指示，术语“或”被用于指代非排他性的或，这样，“A或B”包括“A而非B”、“B而非A”、以及“A和B”。在所附的权利要求中，术语“包括”和“其中”被用作相应术语“包含”和“其中”的平易英语中的等同物。另外，在下面的权利要求中，术语“包括”和“包含”是开放式的，即包括除了那些在这类术语后面列出的元素之外的元素的系统、设备、物品、或处理仍然被认为落入该权利要求的保护范围内。此外，在下面的权利要求中，术语“第一”、“第二”、和“第三”等仅用作标号，而不意图暗示对它们的对象的数字排序。
上述描述的意图是说明性的，而不是限制性的。例如，上述描述的示例(或其一个或多个方面)可被互相组合使用。本领域普通技术人员阅读上述描述后，可以使用其他实施例。摘要是为了使读者能快速确定技术公开的本质，例如，以遵守美国的37C.F.R§1.72(b)。摘要的递交应理解为不用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。另外，在上述详细说明中，各种特征可以被组合在一起以简化本公开。然而，权利要求可能未提出本文所公开的每一个特征因为实施例可以包括所述特征的子集。此外，实施例可以包括比具体示例所公开的特征更少的特征。因此，下面的权利要求被结合到详细说明中，其中每项权利要求独立地作为单独的实施例。本文公开的实施例的范围参照所附权利要求连同这些权利要求享有的等同物的全部范围被确定。

Claims (27)

1.一种用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的架构，包括：
非IMS用户设备(UE)；以及
与所述非IMSUE共同放置的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)；
其中所述非IMSUE被布置为将用于在IMS核心上注册所述非IMSUE的注册消息发送至所述ASIF，所述ASIF被布置为将来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息转换为基于IMS的信令，并且使用被转换为基于IMS的信令的注册消息在所述IMS核心上注册所述非IMSUE。
2.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF将来自所述非IMSUE的注册信息从基于web的信令转换为基于IMS的信令。
3.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF通过被共同放置在所述非IMSUE中来与所述非IMSUE共同放置。
4.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF通过被放置在从由web服务器、代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)、中间功能实体和独立功能实体构成的组中选择的实体中来与所述非IMSUE共同放置。
5.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF通过被放置在IMSUE中来与所述非IMSUE共同放置，所述非IMSUE被布置为通过提供用于使用所述IMSUE来建立IMS会话的IMS凭证来附着至所述IMSUE以在所述IMS核心上进行注册。
6.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述非IMSUE通过S20接口访问ASIF，其中所述S20接口在所述非IMSUE与所述ASIF之间提供参考点。
7.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF使用Gm接口访问所述IMS核心。
8.如权利要求1所述的架构，其中，所述ASIF通过在所述IMS核心处访问代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)，从而使用被转换为基于IMS的信令的注册消息在所述IMS核心上注册所述非IMSUE，其中所述P-CSCF控制用于适应所述IMS的承载流的接入网关功能。
9.如权利要求8所述的架构，其中，所述P-CSCF处理所述IMS核心中的SIP信令分组，并且维护安全传输连接。
10.一种用于提供用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的方法，包括：
在与非IMSUE共同放置的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)处接收来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息；
当所述ASIF接收到来自非IMSUE的注册消息时，由所述ASIF将注册消息转换为等同的SIP注册消息；
由所述ASIF在IMS核心上发起IMS注册过程；以及
当所述IMS注册过程成功时，由所述ASIF将请求成功消息发送至所述非IMSUE。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，还包括：
在ASIF处接收请求所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话的会话设置消息；以及
由ASIF在IMS核心上执行IMS会话设置过程，从而建立所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述当所述ASIF接收到来自非IMSUE的注册消息时，由所述ASIF将注册消息转换为等同的SIP注册消息，包括：将来自所述非IMSUE的注册信息从基于web的信令转换为基于IMS的信令。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述在与非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF处接收来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息，包括：由放置在所述非IMSUE中的所述ASIF接收注册消息。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述在与非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF处接收来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息，包括：由放置在从由web服务器、代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)、中间功能实体和独立功能实体构成的组中选择的实体中的所述ASIF接收注册消息。
15.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述在与非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF处接收来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息，包括：在附着至所述非IMSUE的IMSUE处接收注册消息，所述IMSUE将注册消息转发至所述ASIF以提供用于建立IMS会话的IMS凭证。
16.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述由所述ASIF在IMS核心上发起IMS注册过程，包括：在所述IMS核心处访问代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)。
17.一种用于提供用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的方法，包括：
由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至与所述非IMSUE共同放置的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)，由所述ASIF将所述注册消息转换为用于在IMS核心上注册所述非IMSUE的基于IMS的信令；以及
当IMS注册过程成功时，由所述非IMSUE接收来自所述ASIF的请求成功消息。
18.如权利要求17所述的方法，还包括：
由所述非IMSUE将请求所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话的会话设置消息发送至所述ASIF；以及
由所述非IMSUE接收对来自所述IMS核心用于建立所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话的所述会话设置消息的响应。
19.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中，所述由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至与所述非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF，包括：将所述注册消息发送至放置在所述非IMSUE中的所述ASIF。
20.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中，所述由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至与所述非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF，包括：将所述注册消息发送至放置在从由web服务器、代理呼叫会话控制功能(P-CSCF)、中间功能实体和独立功能实体构成的组中选择的实体中的所述ASIF。
21.如权利要求17所述的方法，其中，所述由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至ASIF，包括：将所述注册消息发送至附着至所述非IMSUE的IMSUE，所述IMSUE将注册消息转发至所述ASIF以提供用于建立IMS会话的IMS凭证。
22.至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，包括下述指令，当所述指令由机器执行时，使得所述机器执行用于提供用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的操作，所述操作包括：
在与非IMSUE共同放置的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)处接收来自所述非IMSUE的注册消息；
当所述ASIF接收到来自非IMSUE的注册消息时，由所述ASIF将注册消息转换为等同的SIP注册消息；
由所述ASIF在IMS核心上发起IMS注册过程；以及
当所述IMS注册过程成功时，由所述ASIF将请求成功消息发送至所述非IMSUE。
23.如权利要求22所述的至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，还包括：
在ASIF处接收请求所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话的会话设置消息；以及
由ASIF在IMS核心上执行IMS会话设置过程，从而建立所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话。
24.如权利要求22所述的至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，其中，所述当所述ASIF接收到来自非IMSUE的注册消息时，由所述ASIF将注册消息转换为等同的SIP注册消息，包括：将来自所述非IMSUE的注册信息从基于web的信令转换为基于IMS的信令。
25.至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，包括下述指令，当所述指令由机器执行时，使得所述机器执行用于提供用于访问因特网协议(IP)多媒体子系统(IMS)的WebRTC的操作，所述操作包括：
由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至与所述非IMSUE共同放置的应用信令互通功能(ASIF)，由所述ASIF将所述注册消息转换为用于在IMS核心上注册所述非IMSUE的基于IMS的信令；以及
当IMS注册过程成功时，由所述非IMSUE接收来自所述ASIF的请求成功消息。
26.如权利要求25所述的至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，还包括：
由所述非IMSUE将请求所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话会话设置消息发送至所述ASIF；以及
由所述非IMSUE接收对来自所述IMS核心用于建立所述非IMSUE与所述IMS核心之间的会话的所述会话设置消息的响应。
27.如权利要求25所述的至少一个非暂态机器可读介质，其中，所述由非IMSUE将注册消息发送至与所述非IMSUE共同放置的ASIF，包括：将所述注册消息发送至放置在所述非IMSUE中的所述ASIF。
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