TWI578809B - 使用集中節點收集ran使用者層面壅塞資訊的系統及方法 - Google Patents
使用集中節點收集ran使用者層面壅塞資訊的系統及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI578809B TWI578809B TW104139673A TW104139673A TWI578809B TW I578809 B TWI578809 B TW I578809B TW 104139673 A TW104139673 A TW 104139673A TW 104139673 A TW104139673 A TW 104139673A TW I578809 B TWI578809 B TW I578809B
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- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/18—Management of setup rejection or failure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/30—Connection release
- H04W76/38—Connection release triggered by timers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
- H04W88/06—Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Description
本揭露關於無線通訊系統。更具體來說,本揭露關於無線存取網路使用者層面壅塞認知。
100‧‧‧系統
110‧‧‧胞元
114‧‧‧胞元
118‧‧‧胞元
112‧‧‧eNodeB
116‧‧‧eNodeB
120‧‧‧eNodeB
122‧‧‧無線存取網路
124‧‧‧後置網路介面
126‧‧‧演進封包核心
128‧‧‧網際網路
129‧‧‧使用者層面壅塞
130‧‧‧使用者設備
132‧‧‧使用者設備
134‧‧‧使用者設備
136‧‧‧使用者設備
138‧‧‧使用者設備
140‧‧‧使用者設備
142‧‧‧使用者設備
200‧‧‧公共陸地行動網路
210‧‧‧集中節點
212‧‧‧eNodeB
S101‧‧‧介面
S102‧‧‧介面
S103‧‧‧介面
S104‧‧‧介面
S105‧‧‧介面
S106‧‧‧介面
S107‧‧‧介面
214‧‧‧行動管理實體
216‧‧‧服務閘道器
218‧‧‧服務GPRS支援節點
220‧‧‧O&M系統
222‧‧‧P-GW
224‧‧‧PCRF
226‧‧‧使用者設備
228‧‧‧GERAN
230‧‧‧UTRAN
310‧‧‧拜訪集中節點
312‧‧‧家庭集中節點
314‧‧‧VPLMN
316‧‧‧HPLMN
318‧‧‧V-PCRF
320‧‧‧H-PCRF
S107(a)‧‧‧介面
S107(b)‧‧‧介面
S108‧‧‧介面
400‧‧‧公共陸地行動網路
412‧‧‧GERAN
414‧‧‧UTRAN
416‧‧‧GGSN
S109‧‧‧介面
S110‧‧‧介面
S111‧‧‧介面
718‧‧‧代理器
814‧‧‧伺服器
912‧‧‧GERAN/UTRAN
1118‧‧‧代理器
1214‧‧‧伺服器
1310‧‧‧MME/SGSN
1312‧‧‧PCRF
第1圖係繪示在無線通訊系統中之示範無線存取網路(RAN)使用者層面壅塞的方塊圖。
第2圖係根據一實施例之包括集中節點的非漫遊架構之方塊圖。
第3A和3B圖係根據某些實施例之包括集中節點的漫遊架構之方塊圖。
第4圖係根據一實施例之包括集中節點的另一架構之方塊圖。
第5A和5B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由控制層面報告RAN使用者層面壅塞資訊(RCI)的示範程序。
第6A和6B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由使用者層面報告RCI的示範程序。
第7A和7B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於使用策略和計費控制(PCC)來報告RCI的示範程序。
第8A、8B、和8C圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由網路管理層面報告RCI的示範程序。
第9A和9B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由控制層面報告RCI的示範程序。
第10A和10B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由使用者層面報告RCI的示範程序。
第11A和11B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於使用PCC報告RCI的示範程序。
第12A、12B、和12C圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由網路管理層面報告RCI的示範程序。
第13圖繪示根據一實施例之用於在核心網路中管理RCI的示範程序。
無線行動通訊技術使用各種標準和協定來在基地台與無線通訊裝置之間傳送資料。無線通訊系統標準和協定能包括例如第三代合作夥伴計畫(3GPP)長期演進(LTE)、全球行動通訊系統(GSM)、及全球行動通訊系統增強資料速率(EDGE)標準。在LTE系統中的3GPP無線存取網路(RAN)中,基地台能包括演進全球
地面無線存取網路(E-UTRAN)節點B(通常也表示為演進節點B、增強節點B、eNodeB、或eNB)及/或在E-UTRAN中的無線電網路控制器(RNC),其與無線通訊裝置(稱為使用者設備(UE))通訊。
行動操作器正看到使用者資料流量的顯著增
加。對於一些操作器而言,使用者資料流量數年來已每年都超過雙倍了。雖然網路的資料容量已顯著地增加,但所觀察到之使用者流量的增加繼續在速度上勝於容量的增長。這導致網路壅塞增加和降低使用者服務體驗的品質。
RAN使用者層面壅塞當對RAN資源之需求超
過可用RAN容量時發生以傳送使用者資料一段時間週期。RAN使用者層面壅塞造成例如封包停止或延遲,且可能或可能不會導致降低終端使用者體驗的品質。短期流量爆量在任何流量負載層級下係正常情況,且通常不被認為是RAN使用者層面壅塞。同樣地,高階利用RAN資源(基於操作器配置)通常被認為是正常操作模式且可能不是RAN使用者層面壅塞。此外,RAN使用者層面壅塞包括透過空中介面(例如,LTE-Uu介面)、在無線電節點(例如,eNB)中、及/或透過RAN與核心網路之間的後置網路介面(例如,S1-u介面)所發生的使用者層面壅塞。
第1圖係繪示在3GPP系統100中之示範
RAN使用者層面壅塞的方塊圖。系統100包括第一eNodeB 112所服務的第一胞元110、第二eNodeB 116所服務的第二胞元114、及第三eNodeB 120所服務的第三胞元118。胞元110、114、118透過3GPP RAN 122、後置網路介面124、演進封包核心(EPC或「核心網路」)126、及網際網路128或其他網路來傳遞使用者資料。在本實例中,胞元110、114、118各具有75Mbps的無線電容量,且RAN 122與EPC 126之間的後置網路介面124具有100Mbps的容量。在一示範情境中,使用者層面壅塞當流量超過胞元的容量時發生。例如,當第二胞元114中的UE 130、132正產生共計胞元容量的使用者層面流量,且接著額外或現有的UE 134試圖產生額外的使用者層面流量時,使用者層面壅塞129便在第二胞元114中發生。
藉由另一實例,使用者層面壅塞136也可能
當被胞元110、114、118服務之UE 130、132、134、136、138、140、142的使用者層面資料量總數超過在RAN 122與EPC 126之間的介面124之實際容量時發生。
上述使用者層面壅塞136可能限制所包含之UE 130、132、134、136、138、140、142之各者的效能。這可能導致過多的資料速率降低或服務拒絕。即使每個胞元110、114、118可能具有必要容量以支援正在服務的各別UE 130、132、134、136、138、140、142,但後置網路介面124的容量對每個UE 130、132、134、136、138、
140、142具有影響,且可能在最壞情況下,實際上防止UE 130、132、134、136、138、140、142之一或更多者被提供任何容量。
因此,在某些實施例中,系統100試圖緩和
RAN使用者層面壅塞以克服或減少對關於資料流量之所感知服務品質的負面影響。壅塞緩和可能包括例如流量優先、流量降低及/或流量限制(例如,節流)。取決於操作者的緩和策略,可能基於使用者的訂閱類別、應用程式的類型、及/或內容的類型來選擇不同的壅塞緩和措施。
為了提供壅塞緩和,RAN 122外部的某些網路元件可能需要知道壅塞狀態。
在本文所揭露之某些實施例中,RAN 122(及
/或一或更多其他網路元件)使用基於監控RAN資源的RAN測量來判定壅塞等級。RAN使用者層面壅塞資訊(RUCI或簡稱為RCI)指示從RAN 122至核心網路126的壅塞等級。RCI可能藉由例如純量值來指示壅塞等級。
在一些實施例中,RCI可包括其他資訊,如壅塞RAN的位置(例如,RCI可包括對應於RAN 122的胞元識別符(ID)或RAN 122的特定胞元)。
另外,或在其他實施例中,RCI可包括下列
資訊元件之一或更多者:壅塞介面元件,指示壅塞是否在無線電介面(例如,LTE-Uu、Uu)中或在網路介面(例如,Gb、Iu-PS、S1-U)中;壅塞嚴重性等級元件,包括指示等級(例如,0至7,其中較小值意味著更嚴重,或
反之亦然)的預定量;壅塞情況元件,其指示目前是否有壅塞(例如,0值表示無壅塞且1值表示壅塞);關於胞元為基的使用者層面壅塞通知、胞元ID元件;關於UE為基的使用者層面壅塞通知、UE ID元件;關於APN為基的使用者層面壅塞通知、存取點名稱(APN)元件;及/或關於封包資料協定(PDP)內文或演進封包系統(EPS)承載為基的使用者層面壅塞通知、相關ID元件。
在各種實施例中,RCI能經由使用者層面
(例如,延長GTP-U延伸標頭)、控制層面(例如,S1-MME、S11、S5/S8、Gx、Rx介面、或其他發信介面)、或網路管理層面(例如,操作與維護(O&M)系統、存取網路發現和選擇功能(ANDSF)、或其他伺服器或管理層面元件)來轉移至核心網路。無論RCI是否經由使用者層面、控制層面、或網路管理層面來轉移,核心網路內的策略及計費規則功能(PCRF)都可提供用於壅塞緩和的策略。然而,核心網路元件(如閘道器通用封包無線服務(GPRS)支援節點(GGSN)或封包資料網路(PDN)閘道器(P-GW)不被設計用來儲存RCI,其可能是有狀態的。此外,在漫遊的情況下,具有間接使用者層面或控制層面介面的eNodeB數量可能非常大。對於GGSN或P-GW而言,除了進行其定期路由功能之外,儲存這大量的資訊也可能是極為困難的。
II.用於對核心網路報告RCI的集中節點
在某些實施例中,集中節點終止從RAN至核心網路的RCI報告。集中節點可能是邏輯功能實體,且在本文中可稱為RAN壅塞認知功能(RCAF)或壅塞資訊收集功能(CICF)。無論集中節點是否稱為RCAF或CICF,集中節點都使用報告的RCI來協調規則,使得PCRF在跨使用不同P-GW之不同APN的相同QoS類別識別符(QCI)上施用相同之經調整的服務品質(QoS)。如下所論述,RCAF或CICF收集RCI、儲存RCI一段時間週期、發現用於受影響之UE的適當PCRF、及查詢和接收一列UE及用於連接至遭受使用者層面壅塞的給定eNodeB之每個UE的相關APN。RCAF或CICF與服務受影響之UE的PCRF一起傳遞以報告RAN使用者層面壅塞資訊。
第2圖係根據一實施例之用於包括集中節點210之E-UTRAN的非漫遊架構之方塊圖。在本實例中,且在本文所論述之其他實例中,集中節點210係稱為CICF 210。然而,如以上所論述,RCAF之詞也可適用於集中節點210。CICF 210可能是獨立功能或可能與公共陸地行動網路(PLMN)200內的其他網路元件並置。PLMN 200包括CICF 210與eNodeB 212之間的介面S101、CICF 210與行動管理實體(MME)214之間的介
面S102、CICF 210與服務閘道器(S-GW)216之間的介面S103、CICF 210與服務GPRS支援節點(SGSN)218之間的介面S104、CICF 210與O&M系統220之間的介面S105、CICF 210與P-GW 222之間的介面S106、及CICF 210與PCRF 224之間的介面S107。介面S101、S102、S103、S104、S105、S106、S107在本文中可能也稱為參考點。eNodeB 212係與一或更多UE 226無線通訊。SGSN 218可對GSM EDGE無線存取網路(GERAN)228及/或UTRAN 230提供核心網路存取。
CICF 210收集和儲存RCI。基於儲存之RCI,
根據某些實施例,CICF 210觸發PCRF 224修改網際網路協定連接存取網路(IP-CAN)會談。PCRF 224可接著提供用於壅塞緩和的策略。
在一實施例中,CICF 210透過介面S105從
O&M 220收集原始使用者層面壅塞資訊。O&M 220可能對應於RAN操作器的操作支援系統(OSS)等級特徵(O&M 220並非假設為在eNodeB或RNC內)。CICF 210判定使用者層面壅塞所影響的這列UE 226。CICF 210也可整合RAN壅塞狀態與符合核心緩和工具(例如,用以僅提供PCRF 224持續壅塞之資訊)的整合時間。另外,或在其他實施例中,CICF 210也提供RAN壅塞資訊的「空間」整合(由於移動性且由於可能正被多個胞元服務的一或更多UE 226,關聯於胞元的RCI可能取決於鄰近胞元中的壅塞狀態)。
CICF 210透過CICF 210與PCRF 224之間的
介面S107來發送RCI。透過介面S102,MME 214在給定eNodeB ID或E-UTRAN胞元全球識別符(ECGI)中提供CICF 120一列受影響的UE 226(例如,關聯於UE 226的一列國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI))。對於列表中的每個IMSI,SGSN發送有效PDN連線的APN。對一組IMSI使用CICF 210與SGSN 218之間的介面S104以提供CICF 210這些IMSI之各者之有效PDN連線的這列APN。在某些實施例中,沒有透過介面S102或介面S104發送任何壅塞資訊。
在某些實施例中,RCI係透過介面S107來定
義且包括壅塞及/或減量位置資訊(例如,eNodeB ID、胞元ID、或3G服務區域ID)。壅塞位置資訊可提供壅塞介面方向的指示和包括例如無線電介面下行鏈路資訊(例如,LTE-Uu、Uu)、無線電介面上行鏈路資訊、網路介面下行鏈路資訊(例如,Gb、lu-PS、S1-U)、網路介面上行鏈路資訊、及/或RAN節點資訊(例如,eNodeB、RNC、及/或基地台子系統(BSS)資訊)的節點。
透過介面S107所定義的RCI也包括壅塞等級
資訊(例如,基於0-7、或0-10之規模、或一些其他規模的壅塞嚴重性等級)、及/或指示壅塞之存在的壅塞情況資訊(例如,0值指示壅塞消失,且1值指示壅塞出現)。RCI也可包括關聯於壅塞資訊的有效時間。例如,當有效時間經過且未收到任何其他壅塞資訊時,壅塞被假
設為超過。另外,或在其他實施例中,RCI包括UE識別符(例如,國際行動設備識別碼(IMEI)、使用者身分(例如,IMSI)、APN、及/或PDP內文或EPS承載ID。
第3A和3B圖係根據某些實施例之包括拜訪
集中節點(V-CICF)310和家庭集中節點(H-CICF)312之E-UTRAN的漫遊架構之方塊圖。V-CICF 310係在拜訪PLMN(VPLMN)314中且H-CICF 312係在家庭PLMN(HPLMN)316中。在本實例中,一或更多UE 226與VPLMN 314中的eNodeB 212無線地通訊。類似於第2圖所示之PLMN 200的討論,VPLMN 314包括MME 214、S-GW 216、SGSN 218、和Q&M 220、以及其各別介面S101、S102、S103、S104、S105。介面S108係在VPLMN 314中的V-CICF 310與HPLMN 316中的H-CICF 312之間。
第3A圖繪示用於E-UTRAN的家庭路由漫遊
架構,其中HPLMN 316包括P-GW 222和PCRF 224、以及其各別介面S106、S107。第3B圖繪示用於E-UTRAN的本地中斷漫遊架構,其中VPLMN 314包括P-GW 222、以及V-CICF 310與P-GW 222之間的介面S106。本地中斷漫遊架構也包括拜訪PCRF(V-PCRF)318,具有與VPLMN 314中之V-CICF 310的介面S107(a)、及家庭PCRF(H-PCRF)320,其具有與HPLMN 316中之H-CICF 312的介面S107(b)。
在第3A和3B圖所示之兩個漫遊架構中,V-
CICF 310收集和儲存來自位於V-PLMN 314中之網路元件的RCI。H-CICF 312收集和儲存來自位於H-PLMN 316中之網路元件的RCI。在第3A圖所示之家庭路由漫遊架構中,V-CICF 310透過介面S108發送其RCI至H-CICF 312,且H-CICF 312對PCRF 224提供V-CICF 310已收集的RCI與H-CICF已收集的RCI兩者。回應於此,PCRF 224實作用於HPLMN 316及/或VPLMN 314中之壅塞緩和的策略。在第3B圖所示之本地中斷漫遊架構中,V-CICF 310透過介面S107(a)發送其儲存之RCI至V-PCRF 318,且H-CICF 312透過介面S107(b)發送其儲存之RCI至H-PCRF 320。回應於此,V-PCRF 318實作用於VPLMN 314中之壅塞緩和的策略,且H-PCRF 320實作用於HPLMN 316中之壅塞緩和的策略。
第4圖係根據一實施例之包括集中節點
(CICF)210之GERAN/UTRAN的架構之方塊圖。在本
實例中,一或更多UE 226透過PLMN 400內的GERAN 412及/或UTRAN 414(例如,節點B)來無線地通訊。
類似於第2圖所示之PLMN 200的討論,
PLMN 400包括CICF 210與SGSN 218之間的介面S104、和CICF 210與O&M系統220之間的介面S105。PLMN 400也包括CICF 210與GERAN 412之間的介面S109、和CICF 210與UTRAN 414之間的介面S110、及CICF 210與GGSN 416之間的介面S111。雖然未示出,但被定義用於第2圖所示之E-UTRAN架構的介面S107也能用於第4
圖所示之GERAN/UTRAN架構。
CICF 210收集和儲存RCI。基於儲存之RCI,
根據某些實施例,CICF 210觸發PCRF(未示出)修改IP-CAN會談。如以上關於第2圖所論述,PCRF可接著提供用於壅塞緩和的策略。
第5A和5B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由控制層面報告RCI的示範程序。在第5A圖中,P-GW 222經由控制層面(例如,S1-MME、S11、及/或S5/S8)對CICF 210報告RCI。P-GW 222包括策略及計費執行功能(PCEF)。程序包括eNodeB 212對MME 214報告RCI(510),其藉由報告確認(Ack)來回應(512)。MME 214對S-GW 216報告RCI(514),其藉由報告Ack來回應(516)。S-GW 216對P-GW 222報告RCI(518),其藉由報告Ack來回應(520)。P-GW 222也可藉由觸發IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。P-GW 222對CICF 210報告RCI(522),其藉由報告Ack來回應(524)。
在第5B圖中,MME 214經由控制層面(例如,S1-MME)對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212對MME 214報告RCI(526),其藉由報告Ack來回應(528)。MME 214也可藉由觸發IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。
MME 214對CICF 210報告RCI(530),其藉由報告Ack來回應(532)。
第6A和6B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經
由使用者層面報告RCI的示範程序。在第6A圖中,P-GW 222經由使用者層面對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212經由使用者層面對S-GW 216報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(610),其藉由報告Ack來回應(612)。S-GW 216經由使用者層面對P-GW 222報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(614),其藉由報告Ack來回應(616)。P-GW 222也可藉由觸發IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。
當P-GW 222感知RCI時,P-GW 222對CICF 210報告RCI(618),其藉由報告Ack來回應(620)。
在第6B圖中,S-GW 216經由使用者層面對
CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212經由使用者層面對S-GW 216報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(622),其藉由報告Ack來回應(624)。若報告的RCI指示S1-U壅塞,則S-GW 216可修改映射於S1-U的QoS並於內部處置它。S-GW 216也可藉由觸發IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。當S-GW 216感知RCI時,S-GW 216對CICF 210報告RCI(626),其藉由報告Ack來回應(628)。
第7A和7B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於使
用策略和計費控制(PCC)報告RCI的示範程序。在第
7A圖中,經由PCRF 224和與RAN節點並置的PCEF對CICF 219報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212和與RAN節點並置的PCEF對PCRF 224報告RCI(710),其藉由報告Ack來回應(712)。當PCRF 224接收報告時,PCRF可啟動IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應或施用PCEF中所規定的PCC規則。PCRF 224對CICF 210報告RCI(714),其藉由報告Ack來回應(716)。
在第7B圖中,經由代理器718和PCRF 224
對CICF 210報告RCI。代理器718可能是例如O&M伺服器、ANDSF伺服器、新伺服器、MME、或配置以從RAN端收集RCI的一或更多其他網路元件。程序包括eNodeB 212對代理器718報告RCI(720),其藉由報告Ack來回應(722)。當代理器718接收報告的RCI時,代理器718可能觸發UE或PCRF 224致能相關的規定規則或啟動相對的規則規定或修改程序。代理器718對PCRF 224報告RCI(724),其藉由報告Ack來回應(726)。PCRF 224對CICF 210報告RCI(728),其藉由報告Ack來回應(730)。
第8A、8B、和8C圖繪示根據某些實施例之
用於經由網路管理層面報告RCI的示範程序。在第8A圖中,直接從RAN節點對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212對CICF 210報告RCI(810),其藉由報告Ack來回應(812)。在第8B圖中,經由伺服器814對CICF 210報告RCI。伺服器814可能是例如ANDSF伺服
器、O&M伺服器、或新類型的伺服器。程序包括eNodeB 212對伺服器814報告RCI(816),其藉由報告Ack來回應(818)。伺服器814對CICF 210報告RCI(820),其藉由報告Ack來回應(822)。在第8C圖中,經由代理器718和伺服器814對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括eNodeB 212對代理器718報告RCI(824),其藉由報告Ack來回應(826)。代理器718對伺服器814報告RCI(828),其藉由報告Ack來回應(830)。伺服器814對CICF 210報告RCI(832),其藉由報告Ack來回應(834)。
第9A和9B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於經由控制層面報告RCI的示範程序。下面的實例適用於GERAN/UTRAN 912。例如,參見第4圖所示之架構。在第9A圖中,GGSN 416經由控制層面對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對SGSN 218報告RCI(914),其藉由報告Ack來回應(916)。SGSN 218對GGSN 416報告RCI(918),其藉由報告Ack來回應(920)。GGSN 416也可藉由觸發內文修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。GGSN 416對CICF 210報告RCI(922),其藉由報告Ack來回應(926)。
在第9B圖中,SGSN 218經由控制層面對
CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對SGSN 218報告RCI(914),其藉由報告Ack來回應(930)。SGSN 218也可藉由觸發PDP內文及/或IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的RAN使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。SGSN 218對CICF 210報告RCI(932),其藉由報告Ack來回應(934)。
第10A和10B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於
經由使用者層面報告RCI的示範程序。在第10A圖中,GGSN 416經由控制層面對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912經由使用者層面對SGSN 218報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(1010),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1012)。SGSN 218經由使用者層面對GGSN 416報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(1014),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1016)。GGSN 416也可藉由觸發內文修改程序以適應改變的使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。
GGSN 416對CICF 210報告RCI(1018),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1020)。
在第10B圖中,SGSN 218經由控制層面對
CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912經由使用者層面對SGSN 218報告GTP-U延伸標頭中的RCI(1022),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1024)。SGSN 218也可藉由觸發PDP內文及/或IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應改變的RAN使用者層面壅塞情況來回應於接收RCI。
SGSN 218對CICF 210報告RCI(1026),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1028)。
第11A和11B圖繪示根據某些實施例之用於
使用PCC報告RCI的示範程序。
在第11A圖中,經由PCRF 224和與RAN節
點並置的PCEF對CICF 219報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912和與RAN節點並置的PCEF對PCRF 224報告RCI(1110),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1112)。當PCRF 224接收報告時,PCRF可啟動IP-CAN會談修改程序以適應或施用PCEF中所規定的PCC規則。PCRF 224對CICF 210報告RCI(1114),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1116)。
在第11B圖中,經由代理器1118和PCRF
224對CICF 210報告RCI。代理器1118可能是例如O&M伺服器、ANDSF伺服器、新伺服器、或配置以從RAN端收集RCI的一或更多其他網路元件。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對代理器1118報告RCI(1120),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1122)。當代理器1118接收報告的RCI時,代理器1118可觸發UE或PCRF 224致能相關的規定規則或啟動相對的規則規定或修改程序。代理器1118對PCRF 224報告RCI(1124),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1126)。PCRF 224對CICF 210報告RCI(1128),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1130)。
第12A、12B、和12C圖繪示根據某些實施例
之用於經由網路管理層面報告RCI的示範程序。在第12A圖中,直接從RAN節點對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對CICF 210報告RCI(1210),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1212)。在第12B圖中,經由伺服器1214對CICF 210報告RCI。伺服器1214可能是例如ANDSF伺服器、O&M伺服器、或新類型的伺服器。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對伺服器1214報告RCI(1216),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1218)。伺服器1214對CICF 210報告RCI(1220),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1222)。在第12C圖中,經由代理器1118和伺服器1214對CICF 210報告RCI。程序包括GERAN/UTRAN 912對代理器1118報告RCI(1224),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1226)。代理器1118對伺服器1214報告RCI(1228),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1230)。伺服器1214對CICF 210報告RCI(1232),其藉由報告Ack來回應(1234)。
在一實施例中,CICF直接從RAN節點或從如O&M系統、ANDSF伺服器、不同或新類型之服務器、MME、S-GW、SGSN、GGSN、及/或P-GW的一或更多其他網路元件收集RCI。CICF儲存RCI一段時間週期,且發現用於使用者層面壅塞所影響之UE的一或更多適當PCRF。CICF也藉由供應胞元ID(胞元全域ID)來查詢
且從MME和SGSN接收一列UE及用於每個UE的相關APN。
第13圖繪示根據一實施例之用於CICF 210
之用以在核心網路中管理RCI的示範程序。在本實例中,CICF 210與一或更多MME/SGSN 1310和一或更多PCRF 1312(如第2圖所示之MME 214、SGSN 218、及PCRF 224)通訊。總而言之,程序包括CICF 210接收一或更多RAN壅塞資訊事件或報告(1314)、判定受影響的UE和APN(1316)、及對一或更多PCRF 1312報告RCI(1318)。
如以上所詳細論述,有數個關於CICF 210接
收1314一或更多RAN壅塞資訊事件或報告的實施例。例如,參見第5A-8C圖。另外,或在一其他實施例,事件或報告係由於無線電節點/胞元使用者層面壅塞狀態之改變(例如,當已到達預配置壅塞/壅塞減量臨界值時)而被發送至CICF 210。此通知包括受影響區域(例如,ENB-ID或服務區域ID)之指示、以及壅塞等級。CICF 210也可能基於配置的間隔來徵求RCI。在某些實施例中,配置一或更多CICF以服務地理區域。
CICF 210藉由與一或更多MME/SGSN 1310通
訊來判定1316胞元中之RAN壅塞所影響的這列UE。在某些E-UTRAN實施例中,CICF 210訂閱MME以取得受影響區域中的一列UE。為了實現此,CICF 210建構用於MME發現之追蹤區域識別碼(TAI)為基的完整網域名稱
(FQDN)。CICF 210可能例如從RAN的O&M接收受影響區域所支援的TAI。
CICF 210接收服務受影響區域所支援之TAI
的這列MME且建立往那些MME的介面(例如,第2圖所示之介面S102)。一旦已建立了介面,CICF 210就經由介面查詢受影響區域中的這列UE。回應於此,MME對CICF 210提供這列IMST及那些IMSI之各者之有效PDN連線的這列APN。在某些實施例中,由於每次CICF 210與MME互動時更新這列IMSI,因此CICF 210不需要記住這列IMSI(及其啟動的APN)。CICF 210使用UE之有效PDN連線的這列APN來發現服務PCRF。
針對E-UTRAN實施例,CICF 210也指示它
是否請求每ECGI的這列UE或eNB ID。因此,取決於CICF 210所請求之粒度等級,MME可能需要(或可能不需要)透過S1-AP來啟動位置報告。CICF 210是否請求每ECGI的這列UE或eNB ID可能例如基於本地配置。
針對UTRAN實施例,CICF 210從RAN之
O&M接收因胞元中的RCI之改變所影響的這列UE(IMSI)。O&M可能已從RAN接收此資訊(例如,IMSI在無線存取網路應用元件(RANAP)共同ID信息中透過Iu介面被SGSN發送)。由此,在某些UTRAN實施例中,CICF 210僅對給定之受影響的IMSI之有效PDN連線的APN查詢SGSN。根據某些實施例之為了實現此,CICF 210建構用於SGSN發現之路由區域識別碼(RAI)
為基的FQDN。CICF 210可能例如從RAN的O&M接收受影響區域所支援的RAI。
CICF 210接收服務受影響區域所支援之RAI
的這列SGSN且建立往那些SGSN的介面(例如,第2圖所示之介面S104)。一旦已建立了介面,CICF 210就在壅塞區域中將這列UE(IMSI)傳送至SGSN。回應於此,SGSN對CICF 210提供每個報告的IMSI之有效PDN連線的這列APN。CICF 210使用UE之有效PDN連線的這列APN來發現服務PCRF。
應注意當提供時間和「空間」兩者整合時,
根據某些實施例被發送至PCRF的RCI不打算用以提供PCRF關於給定胞元中之瞬時壅塞狀態的資訊。這可能與用於區域中之持續狀態的資訊一致。在一些情況下,PCRF仍認為快速移動的UE係在壅塞區域中,儘管UE已移至非壅塞區域。也應注意在一些情境中,核心網路可能不知道給定UE正在使用的所有胞元及/或eNodeB(多網站CA、小型胞元)。於是,在某些實施例中,RCI報告可能不反映出UE目前正從中使用資源之所有胞元的實際壅塞狀態。
在某些實施例中,CICF 210可能基於本地策
略來進一步處理從RAN接收的資訊以建立RCI。例如,CICF 210可基於時間來整合RAN壅塞狀態(例如,用以僅提供PCRF 210持續壅塞等級)。另外,或在另一實施例中,CICF 210可能由於移動性且由於UE可能被多個胞
元服務(例如,由於多胞元載波聚合)而提供RAN壅塞資訊的「空間」整合。因此,關聯於胞元的RCI可能取決於鄰近胞元中的壅塞狀態。作為用於LTE的另一實例,由於許多RAN特徵(例如,載波聚合、CoMP等)可能包含eNodeB的多個胞元,且由於通常不啟動eNodeB內的移動性報告(例如,用以節省發信),因此在eNodeB等級的RCI可能提供足夠的資訊。然而,這並不排除在胞元等級的RCI報告。在網路共享的示範實施例中,CICF 210和PCRF屬於不同的操作器。CICF 210可能施用與發送至不同操作器的PCRF之資訊相關的本地策略。在另一示範實施例中,CICF 210使用IMSI來判定UE的PLMN以及是否應施用與發送至不同操作器的PCRF之資訊相關的本地策略。在基於本地策略的另一示範實施例中,被發送的RCI也可能取決於共享RAN資源之不同操作器的相對RAN使用。
在第13圖所示之程序中,CICF對服務受影
響之UE的PCRF報告RCI(1318)。在某些實施例中,CICF 210對PCRF報告每IMSI/APN的RCI。基於這列受影響的UE(IMSI)及其有效PDN連線的這列APN,CICF 210通知服務那些UE和APN的PCRF。在具有包括多個PCRF之網路的實施例中,可能部署直徑路由代理器(DRA)。CICF 210使用DRA來接觸PCRF。當建立Gx介面時,DRA對給定IMSI/APN組合「分配」PCRF並記住關係(例如,IMSI、APN、選定PCRF)。基於這種關
係,DRA支援找尋服務IMSI/APN組合的PCRF。
下面是其他實施例之實例:在實例1中,一種在一無線通訊系統中的核心網路節點。核心網路節點包含一第一介面、一第二介面、及一第三介面。第一介面係用以接收RCI。核心網路節點係用以判定關聯於RCI的UE。第二介面係用以與一SGSN通訊。核心網路節點係用以識別透過第二介面至SGSN的UE。核心網路節點係用以從SGSN接收對應於UE的一APN。第三介面係用以對關聯於APN的一PCRF報告RCI以緩和壅塞。
實例2包括實例1之核心網路節點,其中無線通訊系統包含一E-UTRAN。核心網路節點更包含一第四介面,用以與一MME通訊。為了判定UE,核心網路節點係配置以透過第四介面從MME接收一UE識別符。
實例3包括實例1之核心網路節點,其中無線通訊系統包含一UTRAN及GERAN。為了判定UE,核心網路節點係配置以從RAN的一O&M系統接收一UE識別符。
實例4包括實例2或3之核心網路節點,其中UE識別符包含一IMSI,對應於關聯於RCI的UE。
實例5包括實例1之核心網路節點,其中RCI包括一或更多IE,選自一群組,包含關於一壅塞介面
方向和節點的一第一IE、關於一壅塞嚴重性等級的一第二IE、關於一壅塞情況的一第三IE,指示是否偵測到壅塞的改變、關於壅塞胞元位置資訊的一第四IE、關於識別UE的一第五IE、關於識別關聯於UE之一使用者的一第六IE、關於識別APN的一第七IE、關於PDP內文資訊的一第八IE、及關於一EPS承載識別符的一第九IE。
實例6包括實例5之核心網路節點,其中關
於壅塞介面方向和節點的第一IE包括至少一介面或節點識別符,選自包含一無線電介面下行鏈路識別符、一無線電介面上行鏈路識別符、一網路介面下行鏈路識別符、一網路介面上行鏈路識別符、一RAN節點識別符之群組。
實例7包括實例5之核心網路節點,其中關
於識別UE的第五IE包含一IMEI,且其中關於識別關聯於UE之一使用者的第六IE包含一IMSI。
實例8包括實例1之核心網路節點,且更包
括一記憶體裝置,用以儲存透過第一介面接收的RCI、及一處理器,用以處理儲存之RCI及觸發PCRF修改一IP-CAN會談。
在實例9中,一種用於在一行動網路中之使
用者層面壅塞認知的方法包括接收和儲存一事件或報告,指示一無線電節點或胞元使用者層面壅塞狀態之改變。事件或報告包括一或更多壅塞區域及對應壅塞等級的指示。
方法更包括基於收到之事件或報告來判定一或更多壅塞區域中的一列UE及相關有效連線,識別一或更多網路元
件,配置以分別調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的一QoS,及將使用者層面壅塞資訊傳遞至服務這列UE的識別之一或更多網路元件。
實例10包括實例9之方法,其中接收和儲存
事件或報告包含從一RAN接收事件或報告,及儲存事件或報告一預定時間週期。
實例11包括實例10之方法,且更包括基於
一配置的時間間隔來將一請求發送至用於事件或報告的RAN。
實例12包括實例9之方法,其中接收和儲存
事件或報告包含從一或更多網路元件接收事件或報告,一或更多網路元件係選自包含一O&M系統、一ANDSF伺服器、一MME、一S-GW、一SNSG、一GGSN、及一P-GW之群組。
實例13包括實例9之方法,其中判定這列
UE包含判定關聯於一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多MME,建立往一或更多MME的一介面,經由介面來對這列UE查詢,及經由介面來接收關聯於這列UE的一IMSI。
實例14包括實例13之方法,且更包括經由
介面來接收對應於這列IMSI之相關有效連線的一列APN,及使用這列APN來識別一或更多網路元件,配置以調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的QoS,其中一或更多元件包含各別PCRF節點。
實例15包括實例13之方法,其中判定關聯
於一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多MME包含判定用於MME發現之TAI為基的FQDN,及從一RAN的一O&M系統接收一或更多壅塞區域所支援的一列TAI。
實例16包括實例9之方法,其中判定這列
UE包含從一RAN的一O&M系統接收關聯於這列UE的一列IMSI,判定關聯於一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多SGSN,建立往一或更多SGSN的一介面,經由介面來查詢對應於這列IMSI之相關有效連線的一列APN,及使用這列APN來識別一或更多網路元件,配置以調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的QoS。一或更多元件包含各別PCRF節點。
在實例17中,一種伺服器包括一處理器、一
儲存裝置、及一CICF。儲存裝置係用以儲存對無線存取網路資源之需求超過在一無線蜂巢式網路的一識別區域中可用容量的指示。CICF包含當被處理器執行時管理用於無線蜂巢式網路之壅塞資訊的指令。CICF係配置以發現服務無線蜂巢式網路之識別區域的一MME,從MME請求和接收關聯於無線蜂巢式網路之識別區域的一列IMSI,發現關聯於這列IMSI且配置以啟動一IP-CAN會談修改程序的一網路節點,及通知配置以啟動IP-CAN會談修改的網路節點對無線存取網路資源之需求。
實例18包括實例17之伺服器,其中CICF更
配置以從一O&M系統接收對無線存取網路資源之需求超過可用容量的指示。
實例19包括實例18之伺服器,其中CICF更
配置以從O&M系統接收無線蜂巢式網路之識別區域所支援的TAI,及使用TAI來發現MME。
實例20包括實例17之伺服器,其中CICF更
配置以回應於對這列IMSI的請求,從MME接收有效PDN連線之對應一列APN。
實例21包括實例20之伺服器,其中關聯於
這列IMSI的發現之網路節點包含關聯於APN的一PCRF。
實例22包括實例17之伺服器,其中CICF更
配置以透過一或更多介面來接收對無線存取網路資源之需求超過可用容量的指示,一或更多介面係選自包含一使用者層面介面、一控制層面介面、及一網路管理層面介面之群組。
在實例23中,一種在一無線通訊系統之一核
心網路中的一RCAF節點包括用於接收和儲存一事件或報告,指示一無線電節點或胞元使用者層面壅塞狀態之改變之工具。事件或報告包括一或更多壅塞區域及對應壅塞等級的指示。RCAF更包括用於基於收到之事件或報告來判定一或更多壅塞區域中的一列UE及相關有效連線之工具、用於識別一或更多網路元件,配置以分別調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的一QoS之工具,及用於將使用者層面壅塞資訊傳遞至服務這列UE的識別之一或更多網路元件之工具。
實例24包括實例23之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於從一RAN接收事件或報告之工具、及用於儲存事件或報告一預定時間週期之工具。
實例25包括實例24之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於基於一配置的時間間隔來將一請求發送至用於事件或報告的RAN之工具。
實例26包括實例23之RCAF節點,其中接
收和儲存事件或報告包含從一或更多網路元件接收事件或報告,一或更多網路元件係選自包含一O&M系統、一ANDSF伺服器、一MME、一S-GW、一SNSG、一GGSN、及一P-GW之群組。
實例27包括實例23之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於判定關聯於一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多MME之工具、用於建立往一或更多MME的一介面之工具、用於經由介面來查詢這列UE之工具、及用於經由介面來接收關聯於這列UE的一列IMSI之工具。
實例28包括實例27之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於經由介面來接收對應於這列IMSI之相關有效連線的一列APN之工具、及用於使用這列APN來識別一或更多網路元件之工具,網路元件係配置以調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的QoS,其中一或更多元件包含各別PCRF節點。
實例29包括實例27之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於判定用於MME發現之TAI為基的FQDN之工具、
及用於從一RAN的一O&M系統接收一或更多壅塞區域所支援的一列TAI之工具。
實例30包括實例23之RCAF節點,且更包
括用於從一RAN的一O&M系統接收關聯於這列UE的一列IMSI之工具、用於判定關聯於一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多SGSN之工具、用於建立往一或更多SGSN的一介面之工具、用於經由介面來查詢對應於這列IMSI之相關有效連線的一列APN之工具、及用於使用這列APN來識別一或更多網路元件之工具,網路元件係配置以調整用於一或更多壅塞區域的QoS,其中一或更多元件包含各別PCRF節點。
在實例31中,一種方法包括透過一第一介面
接收RCI,判定關聯於RCI的一UE,透過一第二介面與一SGSN通訊UE的身分,從SGSN接收對應於UE的一APN,及透過一第三介面對關聯於APN的一PCRF報告RCI以緩和壅塞。
實例32包括實例31之方法,且更包括透過
一第四介面與一MME通訊。判定UE包含透過第四介面從MME接收一UE識別符。
實例33包括實例32之方法,其中UE識別符
包含一IMSI,對應於關聯於RCI的UE。
實例34包括實例31之方法,其中RCI包括
一或更多IE,選自一群組,包含關於一壅塞介面方向和節點的一第一IE、關於一壅塞嚴重性等級的一第二IE、
關於一壅塞情況的一第三IE,指示是否偵測到壅塞的改變、關於壅塞胞元位置資訊的一第四IE、關於識別UE的一第五IE、關於識別關聯於UE之一使用者的一第六IE、關於識別APN的一第七IE、關於PDP內文資訊的一第八IE、及關於一EPS承載識別符的一第九IE。
實例35包括實例34之方法,其中關於壅塞
介面方向和節點的第一IE包括至少一介面或節點識別符,選自包含一無線電介面下行鏈路識別符、一無線電介面上行鏈路識別符、一網路介面下行鏈路識別符、一網路介面上行鏈路識別符、一RAN節點識別符之群組。
實例36包括實例34之方法,其中關於識別
UE的第五IE包含一IMEI,且其中關於識別關聯於UE之一使用者的第六IE包含一IMSI。
實例37包括實例31之方法,且更包括透過
第一介面接收RCI,和處理RCI及觸發PCRF修改一IP-CAN會談。
在實例38中,一種設備包括用以進行如實例
9-16或31-37之任一者所主張的方法之工具。
在實例39中,一種包括機器可讀指令的機器
可讀儲存器,當指令被執行時,用以實作方法或實現如任何前面實例所主張的設備。
本文所述之各種技術、或其某些態樣或部分
可能採取在有形媒體(如軟碟、CD-ROM、硬碟機、非暫態電腦可讀儲存媒體、或任何其他機器可讀儲存媒體)中
實作的程式碼(即,指令)之形式,其中當程式碼被載入至機器(如電腦)中且被其執行時,機器成為用於實現各種技術的設備。在程式碼執行在可編程電腦上的情況下,計算裝置可包括處理器、處理器可讀的儲存媒體(包括揮發性和非揮發性記憶體及/或儲存元件)、至少一輸入裝置、以及至少一輸出裝置。揮發性和非揮發性記憶體及/或儲存元件可能是RAM、EPROM、快閃機、光碟機、磁硬碟機、或用於儲存電子資料的另一媒體。eNB(或其他基地台)和UE(或其他行動台)也可能包括收發器元件、計數器元件、處理元件、及/或時脈元件或計時器元件。可能實作或利用本文所述之各種技術的一或更多程式可使用應用程式編程介面(API)、可重覆使用的控制、等等。這類程式可能以高階程序或物件導向編程語言來實作以與電腦系統通訊。然而,若需要的話,程式可以組合或機器語言來實作。在任何情況下,語言可能是編譯或轉譯語言,且結合硬體實作。
應了解本說明書中所述之許多功能單元可實
作成一或更多元件,其用以表示更具體地強調其實作獨立性。例如,元件可實作成包含客製超大型積體(VLSI)電路或閘陣列、如邏輯晶片、電晶體、或其他離散元件之現成半導體的硬體電路。元件也可能在如現場可編程閘陣列、可編程陣列邏輯、可編程邏輯裝置或之類的可編程硬體裝置中實作。
元件也可在軟體中實作以藉由各種類型的處
理器來執行。可執行碼的識別元件可能例如包含電腦指令的一或更多實體或邏輯區塊,其可能例如被組織成物件、程序、或功能。然而,識別元件的可執行碼不必在實體上置放在一起,而是可能包含儲存於不同位置中的不同指令,當其邏輯上結合在一起時,包含元件且為元件實現所述之目的。
實際上,可執行碼的元件可能是單一指令,
或許多指令,且甚至可能分佈於數個不同的碼段上、在不同程式之間、及跨數個記憶體裝置。同樣地,操作資料在本文中可被識別和繪示於元件內,且可實作成任何適當的形式且被組織於任何適當類型的資料結構內。操作資料可被收集為單一資料集,或可分佈於不同位置(包括不同儲存裝置)上,且可能至少部分僅存在為系統或網路上的電子信號。元件可能是被動或主動的,包括可操作以進行期望功能的代理器。
在本說明書中提到的「一實例」意味著結合
實例所述之特定特徵、結構、或特性係包括在本發明之至少一實施例中。於是,在本說明書之各個地方中所出現之「在一實例中」的說法不一定都指相同的實施例。
如本文所使用,為了方面起見,可能在共同
列表中呈現複數個項目、結構元件、組成元件、及/或材料。然而,這些列表應被解釋為好像列表的每個構件被個別識別為單獨和特有構件。因此,上述列表的個別構件都不應在沒有相反的指示下完全基於其共同群組中的呈現被
解釋為相同列表之任何其他構件的實際上等效物。另外,本發明之各種實施例和實例在本文中可能係指連同對其各種元件的替代方案。了解到上述實施例、實例、及替代方案不應被解釋為彼此的實際上等效物,而是被解釋為本發明之單獨和獨立的表示。
雖然為了清楚起見,已相當詳細地說明上述內容,但將顯而易見在不脫離其原理下可能對其進行某些改變和修改。應注意有許多實作本文所述之程序和設備的替代方式。因此,本實施例將被認為是說明性而不是限制性的,且本發明並不限於本文提出之細節,而是可能在所附之申請專利範圍的範圍和等效範圍內修改。
本領域之那些技藝者將了解在不脫離本發明之基本原理下,可對上述實施例的細節進行許多改變。由此,本發明之範圍應僅由下面的申請專利範圍決定。
200‧‧‧公共陸地行動網路
210‧‧‧集中節點
212‧‧‧eNodeB
S101‧‧‧介面
S102‧‧‧介面
S103‧‧‧介面
S104‧‧‧介面
S105‧‧‧介面
S106‧‧‧介面
S107‧‧‧介面
214‧‧‧行動管理實體
216‧‧‧服務閘道器
218‧‧‧服務GPRS支援節點
220‧‧‧O&M系統
222‧‧‧P-GW
224‧‧‧PCRF
226‧‧‧使用者設備
228‧‧‧GERAN
230‧‧‧UTRAN
Claims (21)
- 一種電腦程式產品,包含儲存程式碼的一電腦可讀儲存媒體,以用於引起一或多個處理器施行一方法,該方法包含:接收無線存取網路(RAN)使用者層面壅塞資訊(RUCI);處理該RUCI來判定演進全球地面無線存取網路(E-UTRAN)節點B(eNB)或E-UTRAN胞元之一壅塞級數;接收一使用者設備(UE)識別符其用於由該eNB或E-UTRAN胞元所服務的UE;接收對應於該UE的一主動封包資料網路(PDN)連接之一存取點名稱(APN);以及對關聯於該APN的一策略及計費規則功能(PCRF)報告該RUCI以緩和壅塞。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電腦程式產品,其中該方法更包含從一行動管理實體(MME)接收該UE識別符和該APN。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電腦程式產品,其中該UE識別符包含一國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI),對應於由該eNB或E-UTRAN胞元所服務的該UE。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電腦程式產品,其中該RUCI包括一或更多資訊元件(IE),選自一群組,包含用於一壅塞介面方向和節點的一第一IE、用於一壅 塞嚴重性等級的一第二IE、用於指示是否偵測到壅塞改變的一壅塞情況的一第三IE、用於壅塞胞元位置資訊的一第四IE、用於識別該UE的一第五IE、用於識別關聯於該UE之一使用者的一第六IE、用於識別該APN的一第七IE、用於封包資料協定(PDP)內文資訊的一第八IE、及用於一演進封包系統(EPS)承載識別符的一第九IE。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的電腦程式產品,其中用於該壅塞介面方向和節點的該第一IE包括至少一介面或節點識別符,選自包含一無線電介面下行鏈路識別符、一無線電介面上行鏈路識別符、一網路介面下行鏈路識別符、一網路介面上行鏈路識別符、一RAN節點識別符之群組。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的電腦程式產品,其中用於識別該UE的該第五IE包含一國際行動設備識別碼(IMEI),且其中用於識別關聯於該UE之一使用者的該第六IE包含一國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的電腦程式產品,其中該方法更包含:儲存該RUCI;以及處理儲存之該RUCI用以觸發該PCRF修改一網際網路協定連接存取網路(IP-CAN)會談。
- 一種用於無線通訊的方法,包含:接收無線存取網路(RAN)使用者層面壅塞資訊(RUCI); 處理該RUCI來判定演進全球地面無線存取網路(E-UTRAN)節點B(eNB)或E-UTRAN胞元之一壅塞級數;接收一使用者設備(UE)識別符其用於由該eNB或E-UTRAN胞元所服務的UE;接收對應於該UE的一主動封包資料網路(PDN)連接之一存取點名稱(APN);以及對關聯於該APN的一策略及計費規則功能(PCRF)報告該RUCI以緩和壅塞。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的方法,更包含從一行動管理實體(MME)接收該UE識別符和該APN。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的方法,其中該UE識別符包含一國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI),對應於由該eNB或E-UTRAN胞元所服務的該UE。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的方法,其中該RUCI包括一或更多資訊元件(IE),選自一群組,包含用於一壅塞介面方向和節點的一第一IE、用於一壅塞嚴重性等級的一第二IE、用於指示是否偵測到壅塞改變的一壅塞情況的一第三IE、用於壅塞胞元位置資訊的一第四IE、用於識別該UE的一第五IE、用於識別關聯於該UE之一使用者的一第六IE、用於識別該APN的一第七IE、用於封包資料協定(PDP)內文資訊的一第八IE、及用於一演進封包系統(EPS)承載識別符的一第九IE。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述的方法,其中用於 該壅塞介面方向和節點的該第一IE包括至少一介面或節點識別符,選自包含一無線電介面下行鏈路識別符、一無線電介面上行鏈路識別符、一網路介面下行鏈路識別符、一網路介面上行鏈路識別符、一RAN節點識別符之群組。
- 如申請專利範圍第11項所述的方法,其中用於識別該UE的該第五IE包含一國際行動設備識別碼(IMEI),且其中用於識別關聯於該UE之一使用者的該第六IE包含一國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI)。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項所述的方法,更包含:儲存該RUCI;以及處理儲存之該RUCI用以觸發該PCRF修改一網際網路協定連接存取網路(IP-CAN)會談。
- 一種用於無線通訊的伺服器,包含:一或更多處理器;以及一電腦可讀儲存媒體,其儲存程式碼用以當執行時,引起該一或更多處理器進行:接收和儲存一事件或報告,其指示一無線電節點或胞元使用者層面壅塞狀態之改變,該事件或報告包括一或更多壅塞區域及對應的壅塞等級的指示;基於收到之該事件或報告來判定該一或更多壅塞區域中的無線通訊裝置及相關有效連線;識別一或更多網路元件,配置以分別調整用於該一或更多壅塞區域的一服務品質(QoS);及 將使用者層面壅塞資訊傳遞至服務該些無線通訊裝置的識別之該一或更多網路元件。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項所述的伺服器,其中為了接收和儲存該事件或報告,該一或更多處理器進行:從一無線存取網路(RAN)接收該事件或報告;及儲存該事件或報告一預定時間週期。
- 如申請專利範圍第16項所述的伺服器,其中當執行時,該程式碼更引起該一或更多處理器基於一配置的時間間隔來將一請求發送至用於該事件或報告的該RAN。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項所述的伺服器,其中為了接收和儲存該事件或報告,該一或更多處理器從一或更多網路元件接收該事件或報告,該一或更多網路元件係選自包含一操作與維護(O&M)系統、一存取網路發現和選擇功能(ANDSF)伺服器、一行動管理實體(MME)、一服務閘道器(S-GW)、服務閘道器通用封包無線服務(GPRS)支援節點(SNSG)、一閘道器GPRS支援節點(GGSN)、及一封包資料網路(PDN)閘道器(P-GW)之群組。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項所述的伺服器,其中為了判定該些無線通訊裝置,該一或更多處理器進行:判定關聯於該一或更多壅塞區域的一或更多行動管理實體(MME);建立往該一或更多MME的一介面; 經由該介面來對該些無線通訊裝置查詢;及經由該介面來接收關聯於該些無線通訊裝置的一列國際行動用戶識別碼(IMSI)。
- 如申請專利範圍第19項所述的伺服器,當執行時,該程式碼更引起該一或更多處理器進行:經由該介面來接收對應於該列IMSI之該些相關有效連線的一列存取點名稱(APN);及使用該列APN來識別該一或更多網路元件,配置以調整用於該一或更多壅塞區域的該QoS,其中該一或更多元件包含分別的策略及計費規則功能(PCRF)節點。
- 如申請專利範圍第19項所述的伺服器,其中為了判定關聯於該一或更多壅塞區域的該一或更多MME,該一或多個處理器進行:判定用於MME發現之追蹤區域識別碼(TAI)為基的完整網域名稱(FQDN);從一無線存取網路(RAN)的一操作與維護(O&M)系統接收該一或更多壅塞區域所支援的一列該TAI。
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