TWI397131B - 半導體加工之暫時性晶圓接合方法 - Google Patents
半導體加工之暫時性晶圓接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI397131B TWI397131B TW095106323A TW95106323A TWI397131B TW I397131 B TWI397131 B TW I397131B TW 095106323 A TW095106323 A TW 095106323A TW 95106323 A TW95106323 A TW 95106323A TW I397131 B TWI397131 B TW I397131B
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Classifications
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- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/6835—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using temporarily an auxiliary support
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J5/00—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
- C09J5/06—Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/50—Assembly of semiconductor devices using processes or apparatus not provided for in a single one of the subgroups H01L21/06 - H01L21/326, e.g. sealing of a cap to a base of a container
- H01L21/52—Mounting semiconductor bodies in containers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/6835—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using temporarily an auxiliary support
- H01L21/6836—Wafer tapes, e.g. grinding or dicing support tapes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2203/326—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for bonding electronic components such as wafers, chips or semiconductors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2301/00—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
- C09J2301/50—Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by process specific features
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J2483/00—Presence of polysiloxane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/76—Making of isolation regions between components
- H01L21/762—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers
- H01L21/7624—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology
- H01L21/76251—Dielectric regions, e.g. EPIC dielectric isolation, LOCOS; Trench refilling techniques, SOI technology, use of channel stoppers using semiconductor on insulator [SOI] technology using bonding techniques
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Description
本發明係關於一種使用一加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物將一晶圓接合於一基板之方法。
由於市場壓力驅使製造商趨向較薄之晶粒封裝,因此一種將封裝整體高度減小之方法係矽晶粒之薄化。該薄化操作係在晶粒單一化之前作最有效率執行。惟,隨著晶圓越來越大且晶粒越來越薄,晶圓之整體結構完整性即降低。結果,當使用現有設備與材料加工時,大而薄之晶圓可能會破裂。
此問題以往之一解決方式為將晶圓黏接於一強化基板(例如另一晶圓或一晶圓載具),以增加機械強度、執行所需之加工(例如薄化),及在單一化之前將晶圓鬆釋。該製程中之黏著劑及基板有如一機械性支撐件,以在加工期間提供結構穩定性。
在半導體工業中,有需要一種使用具有可供加工晶圓用之性質之黏著劑的暫時性晶圓接合方法。該黏著劑應該可以藉由一工業上可接受之方法(例如噴塗、印刷、浸漬、或旋塗)施加,應該可以在200℃以上溫度承受數小時之處理,應該可耐各種常用的電子化學品,及應該依需要而俐落地自晶圓鬆釋。
本發明係關於一種晶圓加工方法。該方法包含:(1)藉由將一加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物塗布於一第一基板,以形成一膜,及視情況(2)將步驟(1)之產物加熱;(3)將一第二基板施加於該膜,其中該第一基板與該第二基板之至少一者係一半導體晶圓;(4)將該膜固化以形成一固化膜,(5)將該半導體晶圓加工,及(6)使用一蝕刻液將該固化膜去除。
除非另有所指,否則所有量、比率及百分比皆以重量計。
使用在本發明方法中之黏著劑組成物可以是不會從其固化反應中產生實質副產物之任意黏著劑組成物。該黏著劑組成物可以是加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物。加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物包括但不限於丙烯酸酯可固化、環氧樹脂可固化、氫矽烷化可固化、及甲基丙烯酸酯可固化。使用在本發明方法中之一氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物包含:(A)一聚有機矽氧烷,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之不飽和有機基團,(B)一含量足以使組成物固化之有機矽化合物,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之氫原子,及(C)一催化量之氫矽烷化催化劑。
組份(A)包含至少一聚有機矽氧烷,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之不飽和有機基團。該等不飽和有機基團可以經歷一氫矽烷化反應可且以烯基為例。聚有機矽氧烷可以具有一直鏈、分支鏈、或樹脂狀結構。聚有機矽氧烷可以是一均聚物或一共聚物。不飽和有機基團可以具有2至10個碳原子,且其範例不限定的有烯基,例如乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、及己烯基。聚有機矽氧烷內之不飽和有機基團可位在端基、側基、或端基與側基二處位置。
聚有機矽氧烷內之其餘與矽鍵結之有機基團為無脂族不飽和之有機基團。該等有機基團可以獨立地從無脂族不飽和之單價烴及單價鹵化烴基選出。該等單價基團可以具有1至20個碳原子,或者1至10個碳原子,其範例不限定的有烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、戊基、辛基、十一基、及十八基;環烷基,例如環己基;芳基,例如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、苯甲基、及2-苯乙基;及鹵化烴基,例如3,3,3-三氟丙基、3-氯丙基、及二氯苯基。聚有機矽氧烷內至少50%或至少80%無脂族不飽和之有機基團可以是甲基。
在25℃下聚有機矽氧烷之黏度係隨著分子量及結構而改變,但是其可為0.001至100,000帕斯卡.秒(Pa.s),或者0.01至10,000 Pa.s,及或者0.01至1,000 Pa.s。
可用在該黏著劑組成物內之聚有機矽氧烷範例包括但不限於具有以下化學式之聚二有機矽氧烷:ViMe2
SiO(Me2
SiO)a
SiMe2
Vi、ViMe2
SiO(Me2
SiO)0 . 2 5 a
(MePhSiO)0 . 7 5 a
SiMe2
Vi、ViMe2
SiO(Me2
SiO)0 . 9 5 a
(Ph2SiO)0 . 0 5 a
SiMe2
Vi、ViMe2
SiO(Me2
SiO)0 . 9 8 a
(MeViSiO)0 . 0 2 a
SiMe2
Vi、Me3
SiO(Me2
SiO)0 . 9 5 a
(MeViSiO)0 . 0 5 a
SiMe3
、及PhMeViSiO(Me2
SiO)a
SiPhMeVi,其中Me、Vi、及Ph分別表示甲基、乙烯基、及苯基,且下標a具有一使聚二有機矽氧烷之黏度為0.001至100,000 Pa.s之值。
適用於該黏著劑組成物之聚有機矽氧烷之製備方法已屬習知技術,例如對應有機鹵化矽烷之水解與縮合,或環聚二有機矽氧烷之平衡。
聚有機矽氧烷樹脂之範例包括主要由R1 3
SiO1 / 2
單元與SiO4 / 2
單元組成之MQ樹脂、主要由R1
SiO3 / 2
單元與R1 2
SiO2 / 2
單元組成之TD樹脂、主要由R1 3
SiO1 / 2
單元與R1
SiO3 / 2
單元組成之MT樹脂、及主要由R1 3
SiO1 / 2
單元、R1
SiO3 / 2
單元、及R1 2
SiO2 / 2
單元組成之MTD樹脂,其中各R1
係獨立地從單價烴及單價鹵化烴基選出。以R1
表示之單價基團可以具有1至20個碳原子,或者1至10個碳原子。
用於R1
之單價基團範例包括,但不限於,烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、戊基、辛基、十一基、及十八基;環烷基,例如環己基;烯基,例如乙烯基、烯丙基、丁烯基、及己烯基;芳基,例如苯基、甲苯基、二甲苯基、苯甲基、及2-苯乙基;及鹵化烴基,例如3,3,3-三氟丙基、3-氯丙基、及二氯苯基。另者,聚有機矽氧烷樹脂內之至少1/3或實質上所有R1
基可為甲基。一示範性聚有機矽氧烷樹脂主要由(CH3
)3
SiO1 / 2
矽氧烷單元與SiO4 / 2
單元組成,其中(CH3
)3
SiO1 / 2
單元對SiO4 / 2
單元之莫耳比為0.6至1.9。
聚有機矽氧烷樹脂可以含有平均3至30莫耳百分比之可經歷氫矽烷化反應之不飽和有機基團,例如烯基。在該樹脂內之不飽和有機基團之莫耳百分比為該樹脂內之含不飽和有機基團之矽氧烷單元之莫耳數對該樹脂內之矽氧烷單元之總分子數之比率,再乘以100。
聚有機矽氧烷樹脂可以利用此技藝中習知之方法製備。例如,聚有機矽氧烷樹脂可以藉由使用至少一含烯基之封端劑處理一由Daudt等人之矽石水溶膠封端製程產生之樹脂共聚物而製備。Daudt等人之方法係揭露於第2,676,182號美國專利內。
簡而言之,Daudt等人之方法牽涉到在酸性條件下將一矽石水溶膠與一可水解之三有機矽烷例如三甲基氯矽烷、一矽氧烷例如六甲基二矽氧烷、或其一組合反應,及回收一具有M與Q單元之共聚物。生成之共聚物可以含有2至5重量百分比之羥基。
含有低於2重量百分比之與矽鍵結之羥基之聚有機矽氧烷樹脂可以藉由將Daudt等人之產物與一含烯基之封端劑、或一含烯基之封端劑及一無脂族不飽和之封端劑之混合物反應而製備,其用量足以在最終產物內提供3至30莫耳百分比之烯基。封端劑之範例包括,但不限於,矽胺烷、矽氧烷、及矽烷。適合之封端劑已屬習知且舉例說明於第4,584,355、4,591,622及4,585,836號美國專利內。可使用單一封端劑或封端劑之混合物於製備聚有機矽氧烷樹脂。
組份(A)可以是單一聚有機矽氧烷或包含二或多種聚有機矽氧烷之組合,該等聚有機矽氧烷在以下性質之至少一項上有所不同:結構、黏度、平均分子量、矽氧烷單元、及序列。可以添加至該組成物之組份(A)的確切量係取決於多項因素,包括組成物中之組份(A)與(B)之類型及組份(B)之量及該組成物之組份中之與矽鍵結之氫原子對可經歷氫矽烷化反應之不飽和有機基團之比率(SiH:乙烯基比)。惟,組份(A)之量可以該組成物重量為基礎而呈20%至80%。
組份(B)係至少一有機矽化合物,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之氫原子。通常可以瞭解的是當組份(A)內每分子之烯基之平均數量與組份(B)內每分子之與矽鍵結之氫原子之平均數量的總和大於4時,會發生交聯。組份(B)內之與矽鍵結之氫原子可以位在端基、側基、或端基與側基二處位置。
有機矽化合物可以是一有機矽烷或一有機氫矽氧烷。有機矽烷可為單矽烷、二矽烷、三矽烷、或聚矽烷。同樣地,有機氫矽氧烷可為二矽氧烷、三矽氧烷、或聚矽氧烷。有機矽化合物可以是一有機氫矽氧烷,或者有機矽化合物可以是一有機氫聚矽氧烷。有機矽化合物之結構可呈直鏈、分支鏈、環狀或樹脂狀。有機矽化合物內之至少50%之有機基團可以是甲基。
有機矽烷之範例包括,但不限於,單矽烷,例如二苯基矽烷及2-氯乙基矽烷;二矽烷,例如1,4-雙(二甲基矽烷基)苯、雙[(對二甲基矽烷基)苯基]醚、及1,4-二甲基二矽烷基乙烷;三矽烷,例如1,3,5-參(二甲基矽烷基)苯及1,3,5-三甲基-1,3,5-三矽烷;及聚矽烷,例如聚(甲基亞矽烷基)伸苯基及聚(甲基亞矽烷基)亞甲基。
有機氫矽氧烷之範例包括,但不限於,二矽氧烷,例如1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷及1,1,3,3-四苯基二矽氧烷;三矽氧烷,例如苯基參(二甲基矽烷氧基)矽烷及1,3,5-三甲基環三矽氧烷;及聚矽氧烷,例如三甲基矽烷氧基封端之聚(甲基氫矽氧烷)、三甲基矽烷氧基封端之聚(二甲基矽氧烷/甲基氫矽氧烷)、二甲基氫矽烷氧基封端之聚(甲基氫矽氧烷)、及一主要由H(CH3
)2
SiO1 / 2
單元、(CH3
)3
SiO1 / 2
單元、及SiO4 / 2
單元組成之樹脂。
組份(B)可以是單一有機矽化合物或包含二或多種該等化合物之組合,該等化合物在以下性質之至少一項上有所不同:結構、平均分子量、黏度、矽烷單元、矽氧烷單元、及序列。
本發明之該黏著劑組成物內之組份(B)之量係足以使該組成物固化。組份(B)之確切量係取決於所需之固化程度,其大體上隨著SiH:乙烯基比增大而增加。組份(B)之量可足以在組份(A)內提供每烯基0.5至3個與矽鍵結之氫原子。另者,組份(B)之濃度係足以在組份(A)內提供每烯基0.7至1.2個與矽鍵結之氫原子。惟,組份(B)之量可以該組成物重量為基礎而呈20%至80%。
含與矽鍵結之氫原子之有機矽化合物之製備方法已屬習知技術。例如,有機聚矽烷可以藉由在一烴溶劑內在鈉或鋰金屬存在下之氯矽烷之反應而製備(Wurtz反應)。有機聚矽氧烷可以藉由有機鹵化矽烷之水解與縮合而製備。
為了改善組份(A)與(B)之相容性,各組份內之主要有機基團可以相同。例如,該基團可以是甲基。
適用之氫矽烷化催化劑係技術中所知曉且市面上有售。組份(C)可包含一選自鉑、銠、釕、鈀、鋨或銥金屬或其有機金屬化合物、或其一組合之鉑族金屬。組份(C)舉例說明為諸如氯鉑酸、氯鉑酸六水合物、二氯化鉑、乙醯丙酮鉑之化合物、及該等化合物與低分子量有機聚矽氧烷之錯合物、或微囊封於一基質或核殼型結構內之鉑化合物。鉑與低分子量有機聚矽氧烷之錯合物包括1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二矽氧烷與鉑之錯合物。此等錯合物可以被微囊封於一樹脂基質內。
適用於組份(C)之氫矽烷化催化劑例如揭述於第3,159,601、3,220,972、3,296,291、3,419,593、3,516,946、3,814,730、3,989,668、4,784,879、5,036,117及5,175,325號美國專利及EP 0 347 895 B歐洲專利內。微囊封之氫矽烷化催化劑及其製備方法已屬習知,如4,766,176號美國專利及其中引述之參考文獻、及5,017,654號美國專利中所示。
組份(C)之濃度係當曝露於本文所述方法內之熱時,足以催化組份(A)與(B)之氫矽烷化反應。組份(C)之量可以是每百萬中0.1至1000份(ppm)之鉑族金屬,或者0.5至100 ppm之鉑族金屬,又或者1至25 ppm之鉑族金屬,其係以組份(A)、(B)與(C)之組合重量為基礎。在低於1 ppm之鉑族金屬下,固化速率會變慢。使用多於100 ppm之鉑族金屬則較不經濟,或者會減低該黏著劑組成物之穩定性。
黏著劑組成物可進一步包含一或多種視需要之組份,其限制條件為該視需要之組份不會對本發明方法中之黏著劑組成物之固化有負面影響。視需要之組份之範例包括,但不限於,(D)溶劑、(E)抑制劑、(F)填料、(G)處理劑、(H)隔離物、(I)黏著促進劑、(J)表面活化劑、(K)著色劑例如顏料或染料、及其組合。
該黏著劑組成物可視需要進一步包含一溶劑。適合之溶劑已屬習知且市面上有售。該溶劑可為一具有3至20個碳原子之有機溶劑。該溶劑之範例包括脂族烴,例如壬烷、十氫萘、及十二烷;芳族烴,例如1,3,5-三甲基苯、二甲苯、及甲苯;酯,例如乙酸乙酯及γ-丁內酯;醚,例如正丁醚及聚乙二醇單甲醚;酮,例如甲基異丁酮及甲基戊基酮;聚矽氧流體,例如直鏈、分支鏈、及環狀聚二甲基矽氧烷及該等溶劑之組合。一黏著劑組成物內之一特定溶劑之最佳濃度可以藉由例行實驗容易地決定。惟,溶劑之量可以該組成物重量為基礎而呈0%至95%,或者1%至95%。
組份(A)、(B)與(C)之組合可能會在周圍溫度下開始固化。為了取得較長工作時間或"適用期",可以藉由將視需要之組份(E)抑制劑添加至該黏著劑組成物而減緩或抑制催化劑在周圍條件下之活性。抑制劑可在周圍溫度下減緩本黏著劑組成物之固化,但並不會妨礙組成物在高溫下之固化。適合之抑制劑包括多種"烯-炔"系統,例如3-甲基-3-戊烯-1-炔及3,5-二甲基-3-己烯-1-炔;炔屬醇,例如3,5-二甲基-1-己炔-3-醇、1-乙炔-1-環己醇、及2-苯基-3-丁炔-2-醇;順丁烯二酸酯及反丁烯二酸酯,例如習知之二烷基、二烯基、及二烷氧基烷基反丁烯二酸酯及順丁烯二酸酯;及環乙烯矽氧烷。
在該黏著劑組成物內之抑制劑量係足以在周圍溫度下減緩該組成物之固化,但不會妨礙或過度延長在高溫下之固化。此量將依據所用之特定抑制劑、組份(C)之性質與量、及組份(B)之性質而改變。惟,每莫耳鉑族金屬低到1莫耳抑制劑之抑制劑濃度可能產生令人滿意之儲存穩定性及固化速率。亦可使用每莫耳鉑族金屬高達500或更高莫耳數之抑制劑之抑制劑濃度。習於此技者可以藉由例行實驗決定一特定黏著劑組成物內之一特定抑制劑之最佳濃度。
視需要之組份(F)為一填料。組份(F)可包含一熱傳導性填料、一強化填料、或其一組合。用於組份(F)之適當熱傳導性填料包括金屬顆粒、金屬氧化物顆粒、及其一組合。用於組份(F)之適當熱傳導性填料例如有氮化鋁、氧化鋁、鈦酸鋇、氧化鈹、氮化硼、金剛石、石墨、氧化鎂;金屬顆粒,例如銅、金、鎳、或銀、碳化矽、碳化鎢、氧化鋅、及其一組合。
熱傳導性填料已屬習知且市面上有售,例如參閱第6,169,142號美國專利(第4欄第7-33行)。例如,CB-A20S及Al-43-Me為ShowaDenko銷售之不同粒度之氧化鋁填料,而AA-04、AA-2、及AA18為Sumitomo化學公司銷售之氧化鋁填料。銀填料可購自美國麻州阿托波羅市(Attleboro)之Metalor Technologies美國公司。氮化硼填料可購自美國俄亥俄州克里夫蘭市之Advanced Ceramics公司。
強化填料包括矽石、及切碎纖維,例如切碎之KEVLAR。
可以使用具有不同粒度與不同粒度分布之填料組合作為組份(F)。
該填料可以視需要地利用組份(G)處理劑作表面處理。處理劑及處理方法為習知技術,例如參閱第6,169,142號美國專利(第4欄第42行至第5欄第2行)。
處理劑可以是一烷氧矽烷,其具有化學式:R3 c
Si(OR4
)( 4 - c )
,其中c為1、2、或3,或者c為3。R3
係1至50個碳原子,或者8至30個碳原子,又或者1至18個碳原子之經取代或未經取代單價烴基。R3
舉例說明為烷基,例如己基、辛基、十二基、十四基、十六基、及十八基;及芳基,例如苄基、苯基、及苯乙基。R3
可以是飽和或不飽和、分支鏈或非分支鏈、及未經取代。R3
可以是飽和、非分支鏈、及未基取代。
R4
係至少一個碳原子之未經取代、飽和烴基。R4
可以具有1至4個碳原子,或者1至2個碳原子。組份(G)舉例說明為己基三甲氧基矽烷、辛基三乙氧基矽烷、癸基三甲氧基矽烷、十二基三甲氧基矽烷、十四基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、十八基三甲氧基矽烷、十八基三乙氧基矽烷、及其一組合。
亦可使用烷氧官能寡矽氧烷作為組份(G)。烷氧官能寡矽氧烷及其製備方法係習知技術,例如參閱EP 1 101 167 A2。例如,適合之烷氧官能寡矽氧烷包括該等化學式為(R7
O)d
Si(OSiR5 2
R6
)4 - d
者。在此化學式中,d為1、2、或3,或者d為3。各R5
可以獨立地選自1至10個碳原子之飽和及不飽和單價烴基。各R6
可以是一具有至少11個碳原子之飽和或不飽和單價烴基。各R7
可為一烷基。
金屬填料可以使用例如十八基硫醇之烷基硫醇及例如油酸、硬脂酸之脂肪酸、鈦酸鹽、鈦酸鹽偶聯劑、鋯酸鹽偶聯劑、及其一組合處理。
用於氧化鋁或鈍化氮化鋁之處理劑包括烷氧矽烷基官能烷基甲基聚矽氧烷(例如,R8 e
R9 f
Si(OR1 0
)( 4 - e - f )
之部分水解縮合物或共水解縮合物或混合物),其中之可水解基團為矽胺烷、醯氧基或肟基之類似材料。所有該等材料中,一鏈接於矽之基團,例如上述化學式中之R8
,係一不飽和單價烴或單價芳族官能烴。R9
係一單價烴基,及R1 0
係1至4個碳原子之單價烴基。在上述化學式中,e為1、2、或3及f為0、1、或2,其限制條件為e+f等於1、2、或3。習於此技者可以藉由例行實驗將一特定處理劑最佳化,以協助填料分散。
視需要之組份(H)為一間隔物。該間隔物可包含有機顆粒、無機顆粒、或其一組合。該間隔物可呈熱傳導性、電傳導性、或二者兼具。該間隔物可以具有至少25微米到高達250微米之粒度。該間隔物可包含單分散之粒料。該間隔物舉例說明但是不限定的有聚苯乙烯、玻璃、全氟化烴聚合物、及其一組合。該間隔物可以在所有或一部分填料以外添加,或替代之。該間隔物可利用組份(G)處理。
組份(I)為一黏著促進劑。組份(I)可包含過渡金屬螯合劑、烷氧矽烷、烷氧矽烷與羥基官能聚有機矽氧烷之一組合、或其一組合。
組份(I)可以是一不飽和或環氧官能化合物。適合之環氧官能化合物係此技藝中之習知者且市面上有售,例如參閱第4,087,585、5,194,649、5,248,715號美國專利、及5,744,507號美國專利第4-5欄。組份(I)可包含一不飽和或環氧官能烷氧矽烷。例如,該官能烷氧矽烷可以具有化學式R1 1 g
Si(OR1 2
)( 4 - g )
,其中g為1、2、或3,或者g為1。
各R1 1
獨立地為一單價有機基團,其限制條件為至少一R1 1
是一不飽和有機基團或一環氧官能有機基團。用於R1 1
之環氧官能有機基團例如有3-縮水甘油氧丙基及(環氧環己基)乙基。用於R1 1
之不飽和有機基團例如有3-甲基丙烯醯基氧丙基、3-丙烯醯基氧丙基、及不飽和單價烴基,例如乙烯基、烯丙基、己烯基、及十一烯基。
各R1 2
係獨立地為1至4個碳原子,或者1至2個碳原子之未經取代之飽和烴基。R1 2
例如有甲基、乙基、丙基、及丁基。
適合之環氧官能烷氧矽烷範例包括3-縮水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-縮水甘油氧丙基三乙氧基矽烷、(環氧環己基)乙基二甲氧基矽烷、(環氧環己基)乙基二乙氧基矽烷及其一組合。適合之不飽和烷氧矽烷範例包括乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、烯丙基三甲氧基矽烷、烯丙基三乙氧基矽烷、己烯基三甲氧基矽烷、十一烯基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯基氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-甲基丙烯醯基氧丙基三乙氧基矽烷、3-丙烯醯基氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3-丙烯醯基氧丙基三乙氧基矽烷、及其一組合。
組份(I)可以包含一如上所述之環氧官能矽氧烷,例如一羥基封端聚有機矽氧烷與一環氧官能烷氧矽烷之反應產物,或者是羥基封端聚有機矽氧烷與環氧官能烷氧矽烷之物理摻混料。組份(I)可以包含一環氧官能烷氧矽烷與一環氧官能矽氧烷之一組合。例如,組份(I)舉例說明的有3-縮水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷和羥基封端甲基乙烯基矽氧烷與3-縮水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷之反應產物的混合物、或3-縮水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷與羥基封端甲基乙烯基矽氧烷之混合物、或3-縮水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基矽烷與羥基封端甲基乙烯基/二甲基矽氧烷共聚物之混合物。當以一物理摻混料而非一反應產物使用時,該等組份可以分別儲存於多件式套組內。
適合之過渡金屬螯合劑包括鈦酸鹽、鋯酸鹽例如乙醯丙酮鋯、鋁螯合劑例如乙醯丙酮鋁、及其一組合。過渡金屬螯合劑及其製備方法已屬習知,例如參閱第5,248,715號美國專利、EP 0 493 791 A1及EP 0 497 349 B1。
本發明之黏著劑組成物可以是一份式組成物,即其在一單份內包含組份(A)至(C),或者可以是多份式組成物,即其在二或多份內包含組份(A)至(C)。在多份式組成物中,組份(A)、(B)及(C)典型上並非存在於同一份內,除非同時存在一抑制劑。多份式黏著劑組成物可包含一含有一部分組份(A)與一部分組份(B)之第一份,及一含有其餘部分組份(A)與全部組份(C)之第二份。
本發明之一份式聚矽氧組成物可以藉由在周圍溫度下利用或不利用上述之一溶劑,將組份(A)至(C)及任何視需要之組份以所述量組合而製備。儘管各種組份之添加順序並不重要,但如果聚矽氧組成物欲立即使用,則氫矽烷化催化劑可在大約30℃以下溫度時最後才添加,以防止該組成物過早固化。同樣地,本發明之多份式聚矽氧組成物可以藉由將指定用於各份之特定組份組合而製備。
本發明關於一種晶圓接合方法。該方法包含:(1)將一加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物塗布於一第一基板;視情況(2)將步驟(1)之產物加熱;藉此形成一膜(3)將一第二基板施加於該膜,其中該第一基板與該第二基板之至少一者係一半導體晶圓;(4)將該膜固化以形成一同化膜;(5)將該半導體晶圓加工;及(6)使用一蝕刻液將該固化膜去除。
步驟(1)可以使用任意習知方法執行,例如旋塗、浸漬、噴霧、或印刷。另者,該黏著劑組成物係藉由在500至6,000 rpm速度下旋塗5至60秒而塗布。在旋塗法中塗布之該黏著劑組成物之體積可為0.1至5毫升(mL)。旋轉速度、旋轉時間、及黏著劑組成物之體積皆可經調整,以產生一具有0.1至200微米(μm)厚度之膜。該第一基板可以是一半導體晶圓或一晶圓載具。該黏著劑組成物可以塗布至一在上面具有圖案化特徵或一裝置之半導體晶圓之表面,該裝置例如為積體電路或微電機系統(MEMS)裝置。
步驟(2)可以藉由利用任意習知技術將該黏著劑組成物加熱而執行。加熱時間及溫度取決於所選擇之特定黏著劑組成物及步驟(2)之目的。當一溶劑存在於該黏著劑組成物內時,步驟(2)可以為了將至少一些溶劑去除而執行;或者為了將該黏著劑組成物部分固化;或為了此二者。為了將上述氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物之溶劑去除,步驟(2)可以在一足以將溶劑去除之溫度及時間下執行,但是該溫度低於該氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物之固化溫度,例如在50℃至120℃下加熱長達5分鐘。為了將上述氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物部分固化,步驟(2)可以藉由在高達200℃之溫度下將該氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物加熱1至30分鐘而執行;或者藉由在80℃至200℃之溫度下將該氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物加熱2至4分鐘。
步驟(3)可以藉由任意習知技術執行。例如,該第二基板可與該膜接觸且壓合在一起。
步驟(4)可以藉由在一足以將該膜固化之溫度及時間下將該膜加熱而執行,例如針對上述氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物時,步驟(4)可以藉由在150℃至250℃之溫度下加熱30至120分鐘而執行。
步驟(5)可以藉由任意習知技術執行,例如,薄化、電鍍、金屬化、電漿處理、光阻加工、介電質塗佈、及其一組合。該蝕刻液可包含(i)一有機溶劑及(ii)一鹼或酸。該有機溶劑例如可為單元醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇、正丁醇、異丁醇、第三丁醇、及其一組合;二元醇,例如乙二醇及丙二醇及其一組合;單元醚,例如乙二醇醚及丙二醇醚及其一組合;二元醚,例如二甘醇醚、二丙二醇醚、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、及其一組合;非質子極性溶劑,例如N-甲基吡咯啶酮、四氫呋喃、二甲亞碸、γ-丁內酯、及二甲基乙醯胺、及其一組合。
該蝕刻液可包括水,但是水的量小於或等於該蝕刻液之25重量%,或者小於或等於該蝕刻液之6重量%,又或者小於或等於該蝕刻液之3重量%,及或者該蝕刻液可為無水。在不想受到理論限制下,據認為水會減緩將膜去除的時間。
該鹼可包含一無機鹼,例如氫氧化銨、氫氧化銫、氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鈉、及其一組合。或者,該鹼可包含一有機鹼,例如磷腈;四烷基氫氧化銨,包括四甲基氫氧化銨、四乙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨及四丙基氫氧化銨;及其一組合。在該蝕刻液中之鹼的量可為至少0.01%,而高到該溶劑內之鹼的可溶性極限,或者高到10%。
該酸可包含一無機酸,例如氫氯酸、氫氟酸、硝酸、硫酸、或其一組合。另者,該酸可包含一有機酸,例如有機磺酸。有機磺酸之例子包括十二基苯磺酸、甲磺酸、甲苯磺酸、及其一組合。在該蝕刻液中之酸的量可為至少0.01%,而高到該溶劑內之酸的可溶性極限,或者高到10%。
該蝕刻液可以藉由任意習知方法施用,包括噴霧或浸漬。曝露於該蝕刻液例如可利用浸漬。浸漬的確切時間及溫度取決於多項因素,包括在步驟(6)期間是否執行加熱、及該黏著劑組成物之確切組份。惟,浸漬可以在周圍溫度下實施1分鐘至72小時,或者24小時至72小時。在高溫下浸漬時間可以較短。另者,曝露於該蝕刻液可利用連續性噴霧,以致使該膜曝露於該蝕刻液長達一段足以將該膜去除之時間。曝露於該蝕刻液可以在周圍溫度或高溫下實施。曝露期間之溫度可為15℃至150℃。預期較高溫度將提供較高蝕刻速率。
諸範例係用於對習於此技者說明本發明,其不應該被解釋為侷限請求項所陳述之本發明範疇。
藉由將(A1)71%乙烯基官能聚矽氧樹脂及(B1)29%矽-氫官能聚二甲基矽氧烷溶解於(D1)1,3,5-三甲基苯內而製備得一組成物。於其中添加百萬分之20份(ppm)之(C1)乙醯丙酮鉑,且將所得之黏著劑組成物旋塗至一晶圓上。接著將該晶圓軟烘烤以將殘留之1,3,5-三甲基苯溶劑去除。接著將一第二晶圓放置於生成之膜上,且使該膜在250℃下固化2分鐘。該等晶圓彼此黏接。
將一氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物塗布於一半導體晶圓之表面。此範例中之一氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物為購自美國密西根州密得蘭市(Midland)Dow Corning公司之DOW CORNINGWL-5150。此範例中之一第二氫矽烷化可固化黏著劑組成物包含:58份包含Me3
SiO1 / 2
與Me2
ViSiO1 / 2
單元之MQ樹脂,21份三甲基矽烷氧基封端之二甲基、甲基氫矽氧烷,16份1,3,5-三甲基苯,及少於0.1%乙醯丙酮鉑。將各晶圓在一溫度下加熱,以將溶劑去除及形成一膜。該溫度及黏著劑組成物揭示於表1內。
將一可透過蝕刻液之晶圓載具分段成一平方吋(2.54平方厘米)之票券狀。藉由以手指壓力施加2秒將每一晶圓三張票黏貼於晶圓上之膜上。藉由在250℃下加熱30分鐘使膜固化。
將每一晶圓放置於一培養皿內,且以一含有6%四甲基氫氧化銨五水合物及94%異丙醇之40毫升蝕刻液覆蓋。30分鐘後,將另外50毫升蝕刻液添加至各培養皿。該等培養皿隨後在一移動台上緩緩攪拌一段如表1所示之時間。
在每一時間間隔,該等票由手使用一刮勺施加一輕至中量剪力至晶圓而作鬆釋測試。鬆釋之票數及所施加之相對力揭示於表1內。
加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物適用於暫時性晶圓接合方法。該等加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物可經固化以形成熱穩定性、化學惰性之膜、及可使用市售蝕刻液去除之膜。
Claims (19)
- 一種暫時性晶圓接合之方法,包含:(1)藉由將一加成反應可固化之黏著劑組成物塗布於一第一基板以形成一膜,其中該加成反應可固化之組成物係一氫矽烷化反應可固化組成物,包含:(A)一聚有機矽氧烷,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之不飽和有機基團,(B)一含量足以使該組成物固化之有機矽化合物,其含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之氫原子,(C)一催化量之氫矽烷化催化劑,視需要之(D)一溶劑,視需要之(E)一抑制劑,視需要之(F)一填料,視需要之(G)一處理劑,視需要之(H)一隔離物,視需要之(I)一黏著促進劑,視需要之(J)一表面活化劑,及視需要之(K)一著色劑;視需要(2)將步驟(1)之產物加熱;(3)將一第二基板施加於該膜,其中該第一基板與該第二基板之至少一者係一半導體晶圓;(4)將該膜固化以形成一固化膜;(5)將該半導體晶圓加工;及(6)使用一蝕刻液將該固化膜去除。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該步驟(1)係利用一選自旋塗、噴塗、浸漬、或印刷之技術進行。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該組份(A)係一烯基官能聚有機矽氧烷樹脂。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該組份(B)係一含有每分子平均至少二個與矽鍵結之氫原子之有機氫聚矽氧烷。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該組份(C)係乙醯丙酮鉑。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該組份(D)係1,3,5-三甲基苯。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該第一基板係一第一半導體晶圓及該第二基板係一第二半導體晶圓。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中存在該組份(D),且該步驟(2)係藉由在50至120℃之溫度下加熱長達5分鐘而執行,以將該組份(D)去除。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該步驟(4)係藉由在150至250℃之溫度下加熱30至120分鐘而執行。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中該蝕刻液包含一有機溶劑,其含有可將該膜溶解之一酸或一鹼。
- 如請求項1之方法,其中步驟(6)係藉由浸漬而執行。
- 如請求項8之方法,其中該步驟(2)進一步包含在最高達200℃之溫度下加熱1至30分鐘,以將該膜部分固化。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該有機溶劑係選自由單元醇、二元醇、單元醚、二元醚、非質子極性溶劑及其組合所組成之群。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該蝕刻液進一步包含含量小於 或等於該蝕刻液之3重量%之水。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該蝕刻液係無水。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該鹼係選自由氫氧化銨、氫氧化銫、氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鈉及其組合所組成之群。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該鹼係選自由磷腈、四烷基氫氧化銨及其組合所組成之群。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該酸係選自由氫氯酸、氫氟酸、硝酸、硫酸或其組合所組成之群。
- 如請求項10之方法,其中該酸包含有機磺酸。
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KR101278460B1 (ko) | 2013-07-02 |
TW200636877A (en) | 2006-10-16 |
WO2006093639A1 (en) | 2006-09-08 |
US7541264B2 (en) | 2009-06-02 |
JP5068674B2 (ja) | 2012-11-07 |
KR20070110310A (ko) | 2007-11-16 |
US20080090380A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
JP2008532313A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
EP1854136A1 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
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