TWI395583B - 包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦之固體藥學組成物 - Google Patents
包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦之固體藥學組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI395583B TWI395583B TW099101765A TW99101765A TWI395583B TW I395583 B TWI395583 B TW I395583B TW 099101765 A TW099101765 A TW 099101765A TW 99101765 A TW99101765 A TW 99101765A TW I395583 B TWI395583 B TW I395583B
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- Prior art keywords
- amlodipine
- losartan
- composition
- tablets
- decomposing agent
- Prior art date
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Description
本發明有關一用於預防或治療心血管障礙的固體藥學組成物,其包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦,其能維持高且安定位準的氨氯地平及洛沙坦之溶解率,即使於低的pH條件下。
於治療治療高血壓,為了降低併發症的風險,如,冠狀動脈心臟病與心血管疾病,如:中風、心臟衰竭,和心肌梗塞,於一致的基礎上維持血壓在正常的範圍內比起單純地降低血壓位準本身為更重要的。於是,抗高血壓劑被要求是要對治療高血壓之長期的治療有效的。再者,使用具有不同的藥理學的作用之2個或更多個藥物的一組合物之進階的療法使得改善預防性或治療性作用成為可能的,同時降低由單一藥物的長期投藥所引起的副作用。
著名的抗高血壓藥物包括利尿劑、消除交感神經作用劑,以及血管舒張劑。血管舒張劑為最廣泛開的抗高血壓藥物藥方,以及其等依據其等之藥理學的作用而區分為數群,其等包括ACE(血管收縮素轉化酵素)抑制劑、血管收縮素II受體拮抗劑,以及鈣離子通道阻斷劑。
氨氯地平係為一種3-乙基-5-甲基-2-(2-氨基乙氧基-甲基)-4-(2-氯苯基)-6-甲基-1,4-二氫-3,5-吡啶-二羧酸鹽類之藥物屬名。氨氯地平苯磺酸鹽目前以Novasc(商標)在市場上銷售。氨氯地平為一種用於治療心血管障礙(例如:心絞痛(agina)、高血壓和充血性心臟衰竭)的長作用鈣離子通道阻斷劑。
洛沙坦為2-丁基-4-氯-1-[[2'-(1H
-四唑-5-基)[1,1'-聯苯]-4-yl]甲基]-1H
-咪唑-5-甲醇之藥物屬名,其已經揭示於美國專利第號5,608,075號;第5,138,069號;及第5,153,197號之中。洛沙坦鉀為商業上可得的,如Cozaar(商標)。洛沙坦封阻血管收縮素II與其之受體的交互作用,且主要用於治療高血壓、心臟衰竭、缺血性末梢循環障礙、心肌缺血(心絞痛)、糖尿病性神經病變,和青光眼,以及也用於預防心肌梗塞後心臟衰竭的進展。
本發明人已經發現到對於治療高血壓有用的一組合配方,其包含具有不同的藥學活性之氨氯地平及洛沙坦,以及已經對此一組合配方進行密集的研究。
然而,當氨氯地平及洛沙坦的組合配方係藉由簡單地混合該二藥物予以製備時,會發生洛沙坦之非所欲的膠化:洛沙坦容易地溶解於純水且容易地在相對高的pH(如,pH 6.8)下被釋放,但是其在低的pH(如,pH 2.0或pH 1.2)下非常慢,因為膠化之故。假使使用Cozaar(商標),商業上可得的洛沙坦製劑,於pH1.2至2.0的範圍下於起始的30分鐘期間所釋放的洛沙坦的量係低於30%。於此氨氯地平及洛沙坦的組合配方,氨氯地平也可以被鎖在洛沙坦凝膠中。
一口服投藥製劑通常於具有低pH的胃中經歷分解和溶解,以及因而,製劑中的活性成分在低的pH下之低溶解率能導致顯著的降低其之生物可利用性。
此外,考慮到正常的成人的胃之pH廣泛地於1.0至3.5的範圍內變化以及在食物攝取後之洛沙坦的Cmax變得降低大約10%之事實,必須要發展在此種胃中的pH變動下能夠維持相對恆定的溶解率之此一氨氯地平-洛沙坦的組合配方。
於是,本發明的一目的是要提供含有氨氯地平及洛沙坦之一固體藥學組成物,其展現出活性成分之溶解率隨著pH變動之最小的變動,亦即,即使於低的pH條件下,高且安定位準之氨氯地平及洛沙坦的溶解率。
依據本發明的一態樣,提供了一種用於預防或治療心血管障礙固體藥學組成物,其包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦作為活性成分,以及一分解劑,其為選自以下所構成的群組之至少2個組分的一混合物:羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉(crosscarmellose sodium),以及聚普維酮(crosspovidone)。
本發明之以上的和其他的目的與特徵,在參照以下說明並結合隨文檢附之圖式所示之後,將變得明顯,在圖式中:第1圖與第2圖:實施例3和4及比較實施例1和5製備的組合型藥片,以及Cozaar藥片(商標)(測試實施例2)各別觀察到的在人工胃液(pH 1.2)和0.01N HCl(pH 2.0)中之洛沙坦的溶解率。
本發明的固體藥學組成物,其包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦的活性成分以及選自於羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉,和聚普維酮之至少2個特定的分解劑,於廣泛的pH範圍下展現出高的氨氯地平及洛沙坦之溶解率,同時當被配方時展現出足夠的結構強度。
本發明中使用的洛沙坦可以是各種形式的藥學上可接受的鹽類之其中一者。於一具體例中,洛沙坦之藥學上可接受的鹽類為洛沙坦鉀。
於一具體例中,根據一單元配方(固體投藥形式),洛沙坦鉀慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約10至大約500mg。於另一具體例中,洛沙坦鉀慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約25至大約250mg。於另一具體例中,洛沙坦鉀慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約50至大約200mg。於另一具體例中,洛沙坦鉀慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約50至大約100mg。
本發明中使用的氨氯地平可以是各種形式的藥學上可接受的鹽類之其中一者。氨氯地平之藥學上可接受的鹽類包括氫氯酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磷酸鹽、醋酸鹽、順-丁烯二酸鹽、反丁烯二酸鹽、乳酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、葡萄糖醛酸鹽、苯磺酸鹽,以及樟腦磺酸鹽,但是不限於該等。於一具體例中,氨氯地平之藥學上可接受的鹽類為氨氯地平苯磺酸鹽或氨氯地平樟腦磺酸鹽。並且,本發明中使用的氨氯地平可以為外消旋氨氯地平或S-氨氯地平。
於一具體例中,根據一單元配方(固體投藥形式),氨氯地平慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約1.25至大約20mg。於另一具體例中,氨氯地平慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約1.875至大約15mg。於另一具體例中,氨氯地平慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約2.5至大約10mg。於另一具體例中,氨氯地平慣常使用的量為範圍落在大約5至大約10mg。氨氯地平的處方量意指對應的固體投藥形式中存在之游離的氨氯地平的量。
本發明組成物包含合適於一所欲的氨氯地平-洛沙坦的組合型、固體投藥配方之藥學上可接受的添加劑,特別地,關鍵性地包含在其等之中一特定的分解劑。就這一點而言,本發明人已經發現到氨氯地平及洛沙坦的溶解率顯著地取決於所使用的分解劑之種類與數目,尤其,在低的pH下。於是,本發明提供具有特定的分解劑種類及的數目之一固體藥學組成物,該分解劑能夠展現出最佳化的溶解率。
稱為「分解劑」為材料,其等作用為加速一固體組成物於消化液中之分解,藉此提高併入其中的活性成分之溶解率。同時,過度的使用分解劑不會容許該固體製劑之高的強度,其使得在其之製造、包裝、運送或者儲存過程期間維持其之形狀。也就是說,使用合適量之合適種類的分解劑以便於提高固體製劑(尤其藥片)的溶解度而不造成非所欲的結構變形是非常重要的。
於一具體例中,本發明中使用的分解劑為選自以下所構成的群組之至少2個組分的一混合物:羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉,以及聚普維酮。於另一具體例中,該分解劑為羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和聚普維酮的一混合物。於另一具體例中,該分解劑為羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉的一混合物。於一具體例中,該分解劑可以以該組成物的總重為基準,以範圍落在以重量計大約2.5至大約30%的量來使用。於另一具體例中,該分解劑可以以該組成物的總重為基準,以範圍落在以重量計大約5至大約15%的量來使用。
本發明人已經發現到在上述的3個組份之中的2個或更多個組分之組合物可導致氨氯地平-洛沙坦的組合配方之所欲的結構強度及的溶解態樣。再者,經由上述的此一技術,本發明達成分解劑的總使用量之降低,其導致藥片化能力之改善。當羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉或聚普維酮係以單一方式使用時,雖然其之量為過度的,溶解的遲滯由於洛沙坦之膠化不會有效地被抑制,以及時常困難配方成口服投藥形式,由於不符合要求的壓縮力及高的磨耗度。
藥學上可接受的添加劑可以包括稀釋劑,如:微晶纖維素、乳糖、山梨糖醇、檸檬酸鈉、磷酸鈣、甘胺酸、澱粉,以及其之混合物。於一具體例中,稀釋劑可以以該組成物的總重為基準,以範圍落在以重量計大約15至大約90%的量來使用。於另一具體例中,稀釋劑可以以該組成物的總重為基準,以範圍落在以重量計大約30至大約70%的量來使用。
除了稀釋劑之外,藥學上可接受的添加劑可以包括安定劑、黏合劑,以及潤滑劑。
於一具體例中,本發明中使用的安定劑可以是抗氧化劑。抗氧化劑的使用可提高活性成分的安定性,對抗摻和製程期間與其他藥學上可接受的添加劑之非所欲的反應及對抗隨著時間經由熱或濕氣所致之變形,導致氨氯地平-洛沙坦的組合配方之安定性的顯著增加。
本發明中使用的抗氧化劑之代表性實例包括:二丁基羥基甲苯(BHT)、丁基羥基甲氧苯(BHA)、抗壞血酸、抗壞血酸棕櫚酸、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、焦亞硫酸鈉,以及其等之混合物。於一具體例中,抗氧化劑為二丁基羥基甲苯。
本發明中使用的黏合劑之代表性實例包括:羥丙纖維素(HPC)、羥丙甲基纖維素(HPMC)、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚乙二醇、矽酸鹽衍生物(如:硬二氧化矽、合成矽酸鋁、矽酸鈣,以及偏矽酸鎂鋁(magnesium metasilicate aluminate))、磷酸鹽(如磷酸氫鈣)、碳酸鹽(如碳酸鈣),以及其等之混合物。
本發明中使用的潤滑劑之代表性實例包括:硬脂酸、硬脂酸金屬(如:硬脂酸鈣與硬脂酸鎂)、滑石、膠體二氧化矽、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、加氫植物油、具有高融點的蠟、甘油脂肪酸酯、甘油二硬脂酸酯,以及其等之混合物。
包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦之本發明組成物能提供對於心血管障礙之改良的預防性或治療性功效,如:心絞痛、高血壓、動脈痙攣、深靜脈、心肥大、腦梗塞、充血性心臟衰竭及心肌梗塞。
本發明組成物可以經由包括有口腔、口與舌下之各種不同路徑的口服投藥、以藥片、膠囊或是多顆粒的形式進行投藥。於一具體例中,本發明組成物可以調配成藥片形式且口服地投藥。本發明組成物可以經由將成分混合並將其等一起製成藥片而容易地調配成藥片形式。
於一具體例中,得自於本發明組成物之此一藥片可具有外塗覆層。藥片應具有合適的硬度,亦即,當在形成選擇性外塗覆層之前測量時,範圍落在5kp至30kp內之平均硬度。
塗覆層可由慣用的高分子化合物的任一者所組成,其能夠形成薄膜塗覆。塗覆的量應降低至最小值為了易於投藥和製造效率,以及以該配方的總重為基準,其可於以重量計大約1至大約10%的範圍內。於另一具體例中,以該配方的總重為基準,其可於以重量計大約3至大約5%的範圍內。
下列實施例意欲進一步闡明本發明但不限制其之範疇。
洛沙坦鉀 100.0mg
氨氯地平樟腦磺酸鹽 7.84mg(氨氯地平5mg)
微晶纖維素 250.0mg
山梨糖醇 63.16mg
羥基乙酸澱粉鈉 15.0mg
聚普維酮 15.0mg
聚乙烯吡咯啶酮 5.0mg
硬脂酸鎂 4.0mg
洛沙坦鉀、氨氯地平樟腦磺酸鹽、微晶纖維素、山梨糖醇、羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、聚普維酮,以及聚乙烯吡咯啶酮各通經#20篩孔且於V-型混合器內混合30mins。隨後,添加適當量的硬脂酸鎂(潤滑劑)至其中,混合5mins,以及使用一旋轉式藥片化機器(Sejong Pharmatek,MRC-45)以大約20kN的壓縮力將形成的混合物進行藥片化以製備洛沙坦100mg-氨氯地平5mg的組合型藥片。
當使用Erweka硬度與磨耗測量儀器(25rpm,100倍自由落下)測量時,如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為19.7kp與0.1%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用15mg的交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉代替15mg的聚普維酮之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為18.5kp與0.0%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用各25mg的量之羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和聚普維酮之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為15.3kp與0.2%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用25mg的量之羥基乙酸澱粉鈉同時使用25mg的交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉代替15mg的聚普維酮之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為14.5kp與0.1%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用25mg的量之聚普維酮同時使用25mg的交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉代替15mg的羥基乙酸澱粉鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為17.1kp與0.1%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用各25mg的量之羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和聚普維酮同時進一步使用25mg的量之交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為11.7kp與0.3%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用各40mg的量之羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和聚普維酮之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為11.2kp與0.2%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一洛沙坦50mg-氨氯地平5mg組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用50mg的量之洛沙坦鉀之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為16.9kp與0.3%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
洛沙坦鉀 100.0mg
氨氯地平樟腦磺酸鹽 7.84mg(氨氯地平5mg)
微晶纖維素 250.0mg
山梨糖醇 63.16mg
羥基乙酸澱粉鈉 40.0mg
聚乙烯吡咯啶酮 5.0mg
硬脂酸鎂 4.0mg
一洛沙坦100mg-氨氯地平5mg組合型藥片係藉由重複實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用如上顯示之特定的成分之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為14.3kp與0.3%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複比較實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用80mg的量之羥基乙酸澱粉鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為4.7kp與1.2%,其暗示該藥片的強度為不充分且不良的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複比較實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用40mg的交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉代替40mg的羥基乙酸澱粉鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為12.5kp與0.2%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複比較實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用40mg的羧甲基纖維素鈣代替40mg的羥基乙酸澱粉鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為14.9kp與0.2%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
一組合型藥片係藉由重複比較實施例1的程序來製備,除了使用25mg的羧甲基纖維素鈣與25mg的玉米澱粉之混合物代替40mg的羥基乙酸澱粉鈉之外。如此獲得的藥片之平均硬度與磨耗度各別為15.3kp與0.1%,其暗示該藥片的強度為良好的。
在下文中,實施例1至8和比較實施例1至5中獲得的配方之組成物與性質(硬度與磨耗度)係顯示於表1中。
(a) 洛沙坦鉀
(b) 氨氯地平樟腦磺酸鹽
(c) 羥基乙酸澱粉鈉
(d) 聚普維酮
(e) 交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉
(f) 羧甲基纖維素鈣
(g) 玉米澱粉
(h) 微晶纖維素
(i) 山梨糖醇
(j) 聚乙烯吡咯啶酮
(k) 硬脂酸鎂
實施例1至8以及比較實施例1至5中獲得的洛沙坦-氨氯地平組合型藥片各自接受下列條件之下的藥物溶解試驗。結果係顯示於表2中。
流出物:900ml的人工胃液(pH 1.2)
溶解-試驗系統:USP攪拌槳法,50rpm
溫度:37℃
管柱:填滿十八基矽烷化矽凝膠之不鏽鋼管柱(內徑:4.6mm,長度:15cm)用於5μm液相層析法
移動相:甲醇(methanol)與0.03M磷酸二氫鉀的混合物(600:400,v/v)
偵測器:紫外線分光光度計(350nm)
流率:1.5ml/min
注射體積:20μl
30min時氨氯地平的溶解率(%)
60min時氨氯地平的溶解率(%)
如表2中顯示的,實施例1至8中獲得的組合型藥片之氨氯地平在30與60分鐘的溶解率各別為75%或更多以及90%或更多,而比較實施例1至5中獲得的組合型藥片展現出甚至更低的氨氯地平的溶解率。尤其,縱然比較實施例2中獲得的藥片具有4.7kp之低的硬度,其之氨氯地平在30分鐘的的溶解率不超過60%。
實施例3和4中,及比較實施例1和5獲得的組合型藥片,以及100mg的Cozaar藥片(商標)各自接受下列條件之下的藥物溶解試驗。結果係顯示於第1圖與第2圖中。
流出物:900ml的人工胃液(pH 1.2)或0.01N HCl(pH 2.0)
溶解-試驗系統:USP攪拌槳法,50rpm
溫度:37℃
管柱:填滿十八基矽烷化矽凝膠之不鏽鋼管柱(內徑:4.6mm,長度:15cm)用於5μm液相層析法
移動相:
移動相A-磷酸緩衝液:乙腈(850:150,v/v)
移動相B-乙腈
濃度梯度系統
偵測器:紫外線分光光度計(250nm)
流率:1.5ml/min
注射體積:1Oμl
-結果-
以上之溶解-試驗系統(USP攪拌槳法,50rpm)為最廣泛使用來評估口服配方之藥物的溶解率,以及所使用的流出物(人工胃液(pH 1.2)或0.01N HCl(pH 2.0))具有與胃腸道pH相似之pH。
如第1圖與第2圖中顯示的,實施例3和4中獲得的組合型藥片的展現出比起比較實施例1和5中獲得的藥片,以及單一配方洛沙坦的Cozaar藥片(商標)甚至更高的洛沙坦溶解率。
雖然本發明已參照以上特定的具體例予以說明,應該瞭解熟知此項技藝者可以做出各種修飾和變化,其等亦落在由隨附的申請專利範圍所界定之本發明的範疇內。
第1圖與第2圖:實施例3和4及比較實施例1和5製備的組合型藥片,以及Cozaar藥片(商標)(測試實施例2)各別觀察到的在人工胃液(pH 1.2)和0.01N HCl(pH 2.0)中之洛沙坦的溶解率。
Claims (6)
- 一種用於預防或治療心血管障礙的固體藥學組成物,其包含氨氯地平及洛沙坦作為活性成分,以及一分解劑,該分解劑為選自以下所構成的群組之至少2個組分的混合物:羥基乙酸澱粉鈉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉(crosscarmellose sodium),和聚普維酮(crosspovidone)。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中該分解劑為羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和聚普維酮的混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中該分解劑為羥基乙酸澱粉鈉和交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉的混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中以該組成物的總重為基準,該分解劑係以範圍落在以重量計大約2.5至大約30%的量來使用。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之組成物,其中以該組成物的總重為基準,該分解劑係以範圍落在以重量計大約5至大約15%的量來使用。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之組成物,其中該等心血管障礙係選自以下所構成的群組:心絞痛、高血壓、動脈痙攣、心肥大、腦梗塞、充血性心臟衰竭,以及心肌梗塞。
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JP7166754B2 (ja) | 2017-11-22 | 2022-11-08 | 沢井製薬株式会社 | ダサチニブ無水物含有製剤 |
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JP2020090471A (ja) * | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | ニプロ株式会社 | アジルサルタン及びアムロジピンを含有する医薬組成物及びその製造方法 |
KR102233986B1 (ko) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-03-30 | 경남과학기술대학교 산학협력단 | 라푸티딘 및 이르소글라딘을 함유하는 고형 약제학적 조성물 및 이의 제조방법 |
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