TW400326B - Process for the preparation of 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid esters - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid esters Download PDF

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TW400326B
TW400326B TW087103452A TW87103452A TW400326B TW 400326 B TW400326 B TW 400326B TW 087103452 A TW087103452 A TW 087103452A TW 87103452 A TW87103452 A TW 87103452A TW 400326 B TW400326 B TW 400326B
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Jean-Paul Dr Roduit
Yves Dr Bessard
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Lonza Ag
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    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/24Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/28Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms
    • C07D213/30Oxygen atoms
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/79Acids; Esters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2523/00Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
    • B01J2523/80Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts of Group VIII of the Periodic Table
    • B01J2523/82Metals of the platinum group
    • B01J2523/824Palladium

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Description

A7 —___B7__ 五、發明説明(1·) 本發明係關於一種製備2,6-毗啶二羧酸酯之方法,其 係鹵化欢淀和一氧化碳及存在於一種驗和一種催化劑中的 醇反應而得。 2.6- 毗啶二羧酸酯是重要的中間體,例如用來製備抗發 炎作用的化合物(JP-A 93/143 799)。 2.6- 畎啶二羧酸酯可依本發明來製備,其一般分子結構 式如下:
R1 OOC/^n/^COOR1 經濟部中央標隼局員工消费合作杜印« 其中,R1係一至六個碳原子的烷基族、三至六個碳原子的 環燒基族、芳基族或芳燒基族,R2和R3係互相獨立的氫或 氯’ R4係氫、一至六個碳原子的燒基族、一至六個破原子 的燒氧基族或氣。 製備2,6-此淀二叛酸酯之習知方法是以將2,6-二甲基 说淀直接化學乳化為根據(I.Iovel,M.Shymanska,Synth. Commun. 1992, 22, 2691; G.Wang, D.E. Bergstrom, Synlett 1992,422; BE-A 872 394, SU-A 568 642)。雖然在一些個案 中達到高產率’但是因為使用昂貴和/或有毒的試劑而使 得這些方法處於不利的地位。習知有一種使用鎳催化劑, 將2,6-二氯此咬幾基化來製備2,6-欢咬二羧酸酯之方法(w〇 93/18005)。 此方法的一個缺點是’反應要在高壓中才能進行,而 且吡啶羧酸酯的產率有限’並形成一高比例單叛基化的副 本紙張尺度適用中國國家椋準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公瘦) 五、發明説明(2·) 產物。 因此’本發明之目的係為了提供一經濟之方法,其始 於由化祕,可以高產率製備—般分子結構式τ的2錢 啶二羧酸酯。 根據本發明’此目的可根據中請專利第i項所述 之方法來達成。在此方法中,_化錢的_般分子結構式 如下:
II 7 裝 I . · · (诗先閲讀背面之注意事項再^^本頁 其中’ R2、R3和R4料上述之意義而χ為氣或溪,和一氧 化碳及一般分子結構式如下的醇一起反應:
R1~0H m 其中,R1具有上述之意義,此醇存在於一種鹼和一種鈀錯 合物中,使用一般分子結構式如下的雙-二苯基膦: R6 P7 訂 經漓部中央標隼局员工消費合作社印製
P——Q-P
IV 其中,Q係三至六個碳原子的烷二基族,或含有環戊二烯 基族的1,Γ-二茂鐵二基族,此環戊二烯基族可選擇性地以 一至四個碳原子的烷基族或芳基族取代,R5到R8係互相獨 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS) Μ规格(2丨〇X297公釐) -6- 經湳部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印« A7 B7 五、發明説明(3·) 立的氫、一至四個碳原子的烷基、一至四個碳原子的烷氧 基、單氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、氟、芳基、芳氧基、 氰基或二燒基胺基。 R1係一個具有一至六個碳原子的直鏈或支鏈的烷基 族、一個具有三至六個碳原子的環烷基族、一個芳基族或 一個芳烷基族。 特別提及的有甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異 丁基、叔-丁基、戊基及其異構物以及己基及其異構物、環 丙基、環丁基、環戊基以及環己基。芳基族在此特別被確 知為早環或多環系統之意,例如苯基、蔡基、聯苯基、葱 基。這些可有一個或多個相同或不同的取代基,例如碳數 較低的烷基族如甲基、南化烷基族如三氟甲基、碳數較低 的烷氧基族如甲氧基,或碳數比較低的烷硫基族或烷硫醯 基族如甲硫基或乙硫醯基。被取代的苯基在此及在下文中 特別被確知為氟苯基、甲氧苯基、甲苯基或三氟甲基苯基 之意,這些取代基喜好在對位的位置。 因此,芳烷基被確知為較低碳數的烷基之意,特別是 一至六個碳原子的燒基,由其取代上述所定義之芳基族中 的一個氫原子而形成,亦即,例如苯甲基或苯乙基。 R1偏好之意義為甲基、乙基、丁基或環己基。 R2和R3係相互獨立,其意義為氫和氣。 R2和R3偏好者為氮》R4係氮、一個具有一至六個碳原 子的直鏈或支鏈的烷基族,或一個具有一至六個碳原子的 直鏈或支鏈的烷氧基族或氟。特別提及的有甲基、乙基、 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4*i格(210X297公釐) -7- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
Jse 丁 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印策 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(4.) 丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、叔-丁基、戊基及其異構物 以及己基及其異構物、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧 基、丁氧基、異丁氧基、叔-丁氧基、戊氧基及其異構物以 及己氧基及其異構物。R4偏好之意義為氫。X之意義為氣 或溴;X特別之意義為氣。 一般分子結構式II的鹵化吡啶可從商業上取得。 根據本發明之方法,使用甲醇、乙醇、丁醇或環己醇 作為醇(III),來製備喜好之甲基、乙基、丁基或環己基 酯(R1==甲基、乙基、丁基或環已基)。 此反應係在一驗中進行。非常合適的驗有:例如驗金 屬和鹼土金屬的醋酸鹽、碳酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽、磷酸鹽或磷 酸氫鹽。特別提及的有醋酸鈉、醋酸軒、醋酸緩、醋酸鈣、 碳酸鈉、碳酸鉀、碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸氫鈉,碳酸氫鉀、 碳酸氫鎂、碳酸氫_、鱗酸鎂、鱗酸妈、蹲酸二氫鈉、鱗 酸二氫鉀、磷酸氫二鈉、磷酸氫二鉀、磷酸氫鎂、磷酸氫 鈣。醋酸鈉特別合適。 具有催化活性的鈀雙-二苯基膦錯合物,藉鈀(II)鹽 (例如氣鹽或醋酸鹽)或一合適的鈀(II)錯合物(例如氯 化雙(三苯基膦)把(II)),和二膦反應,在原位有效地 來形成。喜好使用的鈀(II)鹽或鈀(II)錯合物為醋酸鈀 (II)或氣化雙(三苯基膦)鈀(II)。喜好之鈀使用量為 0.05至0.4莫耳百分比的鈀(Π),以鹵化合物(U)為根 據。二膦被有效地過量使用(以鈀為根據),其喜好之使 用量為0·2至5莫耳百分比,同樣以鹵化合物(II)為根據。 (婧先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} *1Τ 涑 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS ) Α4规格(21〇χ297公釐 Β7 五、發明説明(5·) 被有效使用的雙··二苯基膦(ΙΠ)在那些其中q為一個 具有二至六個碳原子的直鏈或支鏈的燒二基族。特別提及 者為丙燒-1,3-二基、丙燒-l,2-二基、丁燒_1,4·二基、丁燒 二基、丁烷-1,2-二基、戊烷二基及其異構物以及己烷二基 及其異構物。那些被喜好使用者為其中Q為一個具有三至 個碳原子的直鏈燒二基族。特別提及的有丙燒_1,3二基、 丁燒-1,4-二基、戊燒-l,5-二基以及已燒4,6_二基。特別喜 好的是1,4-雙(二苯基膦基)丁烷。 雙-二苯基膦(III)同樣被有效地使用者為其中q為含 有環戊二烯基族的1,Γ-二茂鐵二基族,此環戊二烯基族可 選擇性地以一至四個碳原子的烷基族或芳基族來取代。喜 妤用來取代此一至四個碳原子的燒基族的有甲基、乙基、 丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、叔-丁基;特別比較喜好的 是甲基和乙基。喜好用來取代芳基的有苯基或可選擇性地 取代苯基。特別喜好使用的是1,Γ-雙(二苯基膦基)二茂 鐵。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印策 R5至R8係相互獨立的氫、一至四個碳原子的烷基、一 至四個碳原子的烷氧基、單氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、 氟、芳基、芳氧基、氰基或二燒基胺基。 被有效地用來取代一至四個碳原子的烷基者有甲基、 乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基或叔·丁基;特別喜好 的是甲基和乙基。有效地被用來取代一至四個碳原子的烷 氧基的有甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、丁氧基、 異丁氧基或叔-丁氧基;特別喜好的是甲氧基和乙氧基。被 本纸張尺度適用中國困家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐^ -9- 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印策 A7 _B7__. 五、發明説明(6.) 有效地用來取代芳基的有苯基或可選擇性地取代苯基。被 有效地用來取代芳氧基的有苯氧基或可選擇性地取代苯氧 基。取代的苯氧基被確知特別是氟苯氧基、甲氧基苯氧基、 甲苯氧基或三氟甲基苯氧基族之意,這些取代基喜好在對 位的位置。 喜好用來取代二烷基胺基的胺具有一至二個碳原子的 烷基。特別提及的有二甲基胺基和二乙基胺基。 醇(III)也可作為溶劑。如有需要,可使用一種额外 的溶劑。额外的溶劑可為一非極性的有機溶劑,例如曱苯 或二甲苯,或一極性的有機溶劑,例如乙腈、四氫吱味或 N,N-二甲基乙醯胺。 此反應在一反應溫度100至250°C中被有效地進行, 較喜好者為140至195°C ’有效的一氧化碳壓力為丨至2⑻ 巴’較喜好者為5至50巴。通常在經過1至20個小時的 反應時間之後’可獲得高產率的一般分子結構式1的化合 物。 下列實例係說明根據本發明之方法步驟。 實例一 二甲基2,6-吡啶二羧酸酯 1.48公克(10毫莫耳)的2,6-二氣吨咬,166亳克的 雙(一苯基膦基)二茂鐵(3莫耳百分比,以2,6_二氣吡啶 為根據),4.6毫克的醋酸把(II) (〇·2莫耳百分比以% 二氯赫為根據),1.72公克⑵毫料)的酷酸納和’25_ 毫升的甲醇’在起始時被置入一高|蒸氣滅菌錢中。為了 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS > A4规格(210X297公着} -10- ---r-TJ----•裝 ----^---訂---'---線 (讀先W讀背面之注意事項再•本頁} · B7 五、發明説明(7.)
以一氧化碳取代空氣,一氧化碳被通過高壓蒸氣滅菌鵠數 次。一氧化碳以15巴的壓力被注入此高壓蒸氣滅菌鍋。此 反應混合物被加熱到135°C (浴鍋溫度)並被攪拌一個小 時。在冷卻至室溫後,此粗產物在真空(3〇毫巴)中被濃 縮’並以矽膠60層析(沖洗液己燒/醋酸乙酯1:1)。 熔點:120.8 - 122.5°C 產率1.52公克(78%)的白色粉末 質譜儀;質荷比:195 (M+),165,137,105 屯·核磁共振光譜儀(三氣重氫甲烷):5=8.31 (d 2H) ; 8.02 (t,1H) ; 4.02 (s,6H)。 ’ 實例二 二乙基2,6-吡啶二羧酸酯 步驟如實例一所述,但是使用相同體積的乙醇代替甲 醇,並以57毫莫耳的醋酸鈉代替21莫耳的醋酸鈉。在浴 鍋溫度135°C中經過一個小時的反應時間之後,獲得1>96 公克(88%)的白色粉末。
熔點:41.5-42.8°C 經濟部中央樣準局貝工消费合作社印策 質譜儀;質荷比:224 ’ 223 (NT) ; 208 ; 179 ; 151 ; 123 ; 105 iH-核磁共振光譜儀(三氣重氮甲烷):5=8.28 (d, 2H) ; 8.00 (t,1H) ; 4.50 (q,4H) ; 1.45 (t,6H) » 實例三 二乙基2,6-毗啶二羧酸酯 步想如實例一所述’但是使用25毫升的四氩吱喃和30 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4说格(210χ 297&瘦) A7 B7 --------- 五、發明説明(8·) 毫升的乙酵代替25毫升的甲醇》在浴鑛溫度15〇。〇中經過 三個小時的反應時間之後’獲得0.56公克(25.1%)的白 色粉末。 實例四 二乙基2,6-毗啶二幾酸酯 步驟如實例一所述,但是使用相同體積的乙醇代替甲 醇,並以14.0毫克的氣化雙(三苯基膦)鈀(Π)代替46 毫克的醋酸鈀(Π)。在浴鍋溫度175。(:中經過二個小時 的反應時間之後,獲得1.54公克(69%)的白色粉末。 實例五 二乙基2,6-吡啶二羧酸酯 步驟如實例二所述,但是使用128毫克的1,4-雙(二 苯基膦基)丁烷代替166毫克的1,1'_雙(二苯基膦基)二 茂鐵。在浴锅溫度150°C中經過三個小時的反應時間之後, 獲得1·64公克(73.5%)的白色粉末。 實例六 二丁基2,6-吡啶二羧酸酯 經璘部中央櫺隼局貝工消费合作社印來 步驟如實例一所述,但是使用相同體積的丁醇代替甲 醇。在浴鍋溫度135°C中經過一個小時的反應時間之後, 獲得2.45公克(85%)的白色粉末。
熔點:65.5 - 65.9°C 質譜儀;質荷比:280 (M+) ; 236 ; 224 ; 206 ; 179 ; 150 ; 123 ; 105 ; 78 屯-核磁共振光譜儀(三氣重氫甲烷):5=8.28 (d, 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4规格(210X297公漦) -12-

Claims (1)

  1. 六、申請專1科範I ’ 第_g?lfl3452號專利案申請專利篏同体11: $ 1· 一種製備2,6-吡啶二叛酸酯之方法,其一般分子結構式 如下:
    R1 OOC^^n^^coor1 R1係一至六個碳原子的燒基族、三至六個碳原子的環烷 基族、芳基族或芳燒基族,R2和R3係相互獨立的氫或氯, R4係氫、一至六個碳原子的烷基族、一至六個碳原子的 燒氧基族或氟’其中’鹵化吨淀的一般分予結構式如下: -------------舞—-----訂 (請先閱讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁)
    經濟部智慧財產局貝工消费合作社印製 R2、R3和R4有上述之意義而X為氣或溴,其在反應溫度 為100°C至250°C之狀況下’與壓力為5巴至100巴之 一氧化碳’以及一般分子結構式如下的醇一起反應: R1 — OH m R具有上述之意義’此醇存在於一種驗和一種把錯合物 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297) 中,使用一般为予結構式如下的雙二苯基膦:
    A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專邛範圍 Q係三至六個碳原子的烷二基族,或含有環戊二埽基族 的1,Γ-二茂鐵二基族,此環戊二烯基族可選擇性地以一 至四個碳原子的烷基族或芳基族取代,R5到R8係互相獨 立的氫、一至四個碳原子的烷基、一至四個碳原子的烷 氧基。 2.根據申請專利範圍第丨項所述之方法,其中,Rl係一個 甲基族、乙基族、丁基族或環己基族。 3·根據申請專利範圍第i項或第2項所述之方法,其中, 驗係一個鹼金屬或鹼土金屬的醋酸鹽、碳酸鹽或磷酸 鹽。. 4·根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,所使用的 兔係氣化雙(三苯基膦)鈀(II)或醋酸鈀(Π)。 5.根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,雙-二苯基 膦是1,Γ-雙(二苯基膦基)二茂鐵或1,4_雙(二苯基膦 基)丁烷》 ^ (210 X 297 --I----— — — — — — -------^-------— ·Ί <請先鬩讀背面之注$項再填窵本I) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
TW087103452A 1997-03-12 1998-03-10 Process for the preparation of 2, 6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid esters TW400326B (en)

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