PL120650B1 - Method of manufacture of photographic emulsions - Google Patents
Method of manufacture of photographic emulsions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- PL120650B1 PL120650B1 PL1977198730A PL19873077A PL120650B1 PL 120650 B1 PL120650 B1 PL 120650B1 PL 1977198730 A PL1977198730 A PL 1977198730A PL 19873077 A PL19873077 A PL 19873077A PL 120650 B1 PL120650 B1 PL 120650B1
- Authority
- PL
- Poland
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- crystals
- halide
- emulsion
- iodide
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims description 153
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 189
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 84
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 43
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001016 Ostwald ripening Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001516 alkali metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PKCHODKZKBAVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L chloro(iodo)silver Chemical compound Cl[Ag]I PKCHODKZKBAVIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- OTBGYEMEWAHAFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cl[Br]I Chemical compound Cl[Br]I OTBGYEMEWAHAFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001511 metal iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- VAYROLOSUUAGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[I] Chemical compound [Ag].[I] VAYROLOSUUAGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 4
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IEIREBQISNYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Ag](I)(Br)Cl Chemical compound [Ag](I)(Br)Cl IEIREBQISNYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical class [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].ICl Chemical compound [Ag].ICl HOLVRJRSWZOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIPQUBBCOVJSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L bromo(iodo)silver Chemical compound Br[Ag]I OIPQUBBCOVJSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- CBEQRNSPHCCXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine monobromide Chemical compound IBr CBEQRNSPHCCXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical class [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adenine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iodochlorine Chemical compound ICl QZRGKCOWNLSUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KURZCZMGELAPSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].[I] Chemical compound [Br].[I] KURZCZMGELAPSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYKZLATVIJZNTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;cyano thiocyanate Chemical compound N.N#CSC#N MYKZLATVIJZNTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000298 carbocyanine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C=C BLCTWBJQROOONQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical class [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002496 iodine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical class [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002601 radiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag] AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na] WZWGGYFEOBVNLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/0051—Tabular grain emulsions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/09—Noble metals or mercury; Salts or compounds thereof; Sulfur, selenium or tellurium, or compounds thereof, e.g. for chemical sensitising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/08—Sensitivity-increasing substances
- G03C1/10—Organic substances
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/0051—Tabular grain emulsions
- G03C2001/0058—Twinned crystal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/015—Apparatus or processes for the preparation of emulsions
- G03C2001/0156—Apparatus or processes for the preparation of emulsions pAg value; pBr value; pCl value; pI value
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03535—Core-shell grains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03552—Epitaxial junction grains; Protrusions or protruded grains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03558—Iodide content
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/035—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein characterised by the crystal form or composition, e.g. mixed grain
- G03C2001/03594—Size of the grains
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C2200/00—Details
- G03C2200/43—Process
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C2200/00—Details
- G03C2200/44—Details pH value
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB24001/76A GB1520976A (en) | 1976-06-10 | 1976-06-10 | Photographic emulsions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PL198730A1 PL198730A1 (pl) | 1978-03-13 |
| PL120650B1 true PL120650B1 (en) | 1982-03-31 |
Family
ID=10204808
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL1977198730A PL120650B1 (en) | 1976-06-10 | 1977-06-08 | Method of manufacture of photographic emulsions |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4150994A (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPS6019496B2 (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE855519A (en, 2012) |
| CH (1) | CH631555A5 (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE2725993A1 (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2354574A1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1520976A (en, 2012) |
| PL (1) | PL120650B1 (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (62)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1570581A (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1980-07-02 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Preparation of silver halide emulsions |
| US4184878A (en) * | 1976-06-10 | 1980-01-22 | Ciba-Geigy Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the manufacture of photographic silver halide emulsions containing silver halide crystals of the twinned type |
| GB1596602A (en) * | 1978-02-16 | 1981-08-26 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Preparation of silver halide emulsions |
| DE2905655C2 (de) * | 1977-06-08 | 1995-03-30 | Ilford Ltd | Verfahren zur Herstellung von photographischen Silberhalogenidemulsionen, die Silberhalogenidkristalle vom Zwillingstyp enthalten |
| DE2951670C2 (de) * | 1978-12-26 | 1986-09-18 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. | Fotografische Silberhalogenidgelatineemulsion, sowie ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
| JPS5945132B2 (ja) * | 1979-04-23 | 1984-11-05 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 感光性ハロゲン化銀結晶の製造方法 |
| DE3064900D1 (en) * | 1979-06-01 | 1983-10-27 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | Photographic silver halide emulsion comprising epitaxial composite silver halide crystals, silver iodobromide emulsion and process for preparing the same |
| US4332887A (en) * | 1980-10-06 | 1982-06-01 | Polaroid Corporation | Method for preparing photosensitive silver halide emulsions |
| JPS57182730A (en) * | 1981-05-06 | 1982-11-10 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Photosensitive silver halide emulsion |
| US4356257A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1982-10-26 | Polaroid Corporation | Photosensitive silver halide element and method of preparing same |
| US4353977A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1982-10-12 | Polaroid Corporation | Method for forming a photosensitive silver halide element |
| US4352874A (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1982-10-05 | Polaroid Corporation | Method for forming a photosensitive silver halide element |
| US4399215A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-08-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Double-jet precipitation processes and products thereof |
| US4425425A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1984-01-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Radiographic elements exhibiting reduced crossover |
| US4400463A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-08-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver chloride emulsions of modified crystal habit and processes for their preparation |
| US4414304A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-11-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Forehardened high aspect ratio silver halide photographic elements and processes for their use |
| FR2516271B1 (fr) * | 1981-11-12 | 1986-03-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Produit pour la photographie par transfert d'image |
| US4435501A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-03-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Controlled site epitaxial sensitization |
| FR2516262B1 (fr) * | 1981-11-12 | 1987-02-20 | Eastman Kodak Co | Produits photographiques positifs-directs |
| US4414306A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-11-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver chlorobromide emulsions and processes for their preparation |
| DE3250122C2 (de) * | 1981-11-12 | 2000-03-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographisches Aufzeichnungsmaterial |
| US4433048A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-02-21 | Eastman Kodak Company | Radiation-sensitive silver bromoiodide emulsions, photographic elements, and processes for their use |
| US4414310A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1983-11-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for the preparation of high aspect ratio silver bromoiodide emulsions |
| US4439520A (en) * | 1981-11-12 | 1984-03-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Sensitized high aspect ratio silver halide emulsions and photographic elements |
| US4434226A (en) | 1981-11-12 | 1984-02-28 | Eastman Kodak Company | High aspect ratio silver bromoiodide emulsions and processes for their preparation |
| JPS58106532A (ja) * | 1981-12-19 | 1983-06-24 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀乳剤およびその製造方法 |
| JPS58107530A (ja) * | 1981-12-21 | 1983-06-27 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀乳剤およびその製造方法 |
| JPS58209730A (ja) * | 1982-05-31 | 1983-12-06 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀乳剤の製造方法 |
| US4425426A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-01-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Radiographic elements exhibiting reduced crossover |
| US4478929A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-10-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Dye image transfer film unit with tabular silver halide |
| US4504570A (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1985-03-12 | Eastman Kodak Company | Direct reversal emulsions and photographic elements useful in image transfer film units |
| JPS5999433A (ja) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-08 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料 |
| US4463087A (en) * | 1982-12-20 | 1984-07-31 | Eastman Kodak Company | Controlled site epitaxial sensitization of limited iodide silver halide emulsions |
| US4435499A (en) | 1983-01-31 | 1984-03-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photothermographic silver halide material and process |
| JPS59177535A (ja) * | 1983-03-28 | 1984-10-08 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀写真乳剤およびその製造方法 |
| JPS6177850A (ja) * | 1984-09-26 | 1986-04-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀カラ−写真感光材料 |
| EP0214832B1 (en) * | 1985-09-03 | 1993-04-07 | Konica Corporation | Light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material |
| DE3707135B9 (de) * | 1986-03-06 | 2005-03-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara | Silberhalogenidemulsionen und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| JPS63151618A (ja) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-06-24 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀乳剤 |
| JPH0727180B2 (ja) * | 1986-12-26 | 1995-03-29 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 感光性ハロゲン化銀乳剤及びそれを用いたカラ−感光材料 |
| JP2681172B2 (ja) * | 1987-12-28 | 1997-11-26 | コニカ株式会社 | ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料 |
| US4888273A (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1989-12-19 | Polaroid Corporation | Stabilized tabular silver halide grain emulsions |
| GB8821427D0 (en) * | 1988-09-13 | 1988-10-12 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Silver halide emulsions |
| FR2676554A1 (fr) * | 1991-05-14 | 1992-11-20 | Kodak Pathe | Procede d'obtention de grains tabulaires monodisperses. |
| US5310644A (en) * | 1991-09-17 | 1994-05-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for preparing a photographic emulsion using excess halide during nucleation |
| EP0562476B1 (en) | 1992-03-19 | 2000-10-04 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for preparing a silver halide photographic emulsion |
| EP0563708B1 (en) | 1992-03-19 | 2000-06-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing a silver halide photographic emulsion |
| US5254453A (en) * | 1992-04-16 | 1993-10-19 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for preparing narrow size distribution small tabular grains |
| US5494788A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-02-27 | Eastman Kodak Company | Chemical and spectral sensitization of high-chloride tabular grains using high-temperature heat treatment |
| JPH09152696A (ja) | 1995-11-30 | 1997-06-10 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | ハロゲン化銀カラー写真感光材料 |
| US6040127A (en) * | 1996-01-10 | 2000-03-21 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method for producing silver halide emulsion and photographic material containing the same |
| US8695710B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2014-04-15 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method for individually servicing a plurality of zones of a subterranean formation |
| US8668012B2 (en) | 2011-02-10 | 2014-03-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | System and method for servicing a wellbore |
| US8276675B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2012-10-02 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | System and method for servicing a wellbore |
| US8668016B2 (en) * | 2009-08-11 | 2014-03-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | System and method for servicing a wellbore |
| US8272443B2 (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2012-09-25 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc. | Downhole progressive pressurization actuated tool and method of using the same |
| US8893811B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2014-11-25 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Responsively activated wellbore stimulation assemblies and methods of using the same |
| US8899334B2 (en) | 2011-08-23 | 2014-12-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | System and method for servicing a wellbore |
| US8662178B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2014-03-04 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Responsively activated wellbore stimulation assemblies and methods of using the same |
| US8991509B2 (en) | 2012-04-30 | 2015-03-31 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Delayed activation activatable stimulation assembly |
| RU2553914C2 (ru) * | 2012-06-28 | 2015-06-20 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-производственное предприятие "Тасма" (ООО "НПП "Тасма") | Способ изготовления фотографической эмульсии |
| US9784070B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2017-10-10 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | System and method for servicing a wellbore |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB635841A (en) * | 1947-05-13 | 1950-04-19 | Kodak Ltd | Improvements in photographic silver halide emulsions |
| DE1162689B (de) * | 1962-11-15 | 1964-02-06 | Perutz Photowerke G M B H | Verfahren zur Herstellung von lichtempfindlichen photographischen Emulsionen |
| US3573057A (en) * | 1965-01-01 | 1971-03-30 | Eastman Kodak Co | High resolving power photographic emulsions and materials |
| GB1150013A (en) * | 1965-09-22 | 1969-04-30 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | A Process for the Production of a Silver Halide Emulsion |
| GB1156193A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1969-06-25 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic Silver Halide Emulsions |
| FR2135188B1 (en, 2012) * | 1971-05-03 | 1974-07-26 | Ilford Ltd | |
| US3782954A (en) * | 1971-11-01 | 1974-01-01 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method for the uniform preparation of silver halide grains |
| US3773516A (en) * | 1971-12-29 | 1973-11-20 | Polaroid Corp | Process for preparing silver halide emulsions |
| US3821002A (en) * | 1972-03-06 | 1974-06-28 | Eastman Kodak Co | Process control apparatus and method for silver halide emulsion making |
| US3790387A (en) * | 1972-03-20 | 1974-02-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Precipitation of metal salts |
| US3917485A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1975-11-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of making photographic silver halide emulsions and products thereof |
| GB1445192A (en) * | 1973-04-26 | 1976-08-04 | Agfa Gevaert | Method of preparing photographic silver halide emulisons |
| GB1469480A (en) * | 1974-08-07 | 1977-04-06 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Photographic emulsion |
-
1976
- 1976-06-10 GB GB24001/76A patent/GB1520976A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-05-20 US US05/799,040 patent/US4150994A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1977-06-02 CH CH678977A patent/CH631555A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-07 JP JP52066344A patent/JPS6019496B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1977-06-08 PL PL1977198730A patent/PL120650B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-08 DE DE19772725993 patent/DE2725993A1/de active Granted
- 1977-06-09 BE BE178305A patent/BE855519A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-09 FR FR7717757A patent/FR2354574A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE855519A (fr) | 1977-12-09 |
| DE2725993C2 (en, 2012) | 1988-12-29 |
| JPS6019496B2 (ja) | 1985-05-16 |
| DE2725993A1 (de) | 1977-12-22 |
| FR2354574A1 (fr) | 1978-01-06 |
| FR2354574B1 (en, 2012) | 1980-04-25 |
| JPS52153428A (en) | 1977-12-20 |
| CH631555A5 (de) | 1982-08-13 |
| PL198730A1 (pl) | 1978-03-13 |
| US4150994A (en) | 1979-04-24 |
| GB1520976A (en) | 1978-08-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Decisions on the lapse of the protection rights |
Effective date: 20061230 |