JP7218069B2 - 重合性組成物、ブラックマトリクス用感光性組成物及びブラックカラムスペーサ用感光性組成物 - Google Patents
重合性組成物、ブラックマトリクス用感光性組成物及びブラックカラムスペーサ用感光性組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7218069B2 JP7218069B2 JP2019525421A JP2019525421A JP7218069B2 JP 7218069 B2 JP7218069 B2 JP 7218069B2 JP 2019525421 A JP2019525421 A JP 2019525421A JP 2019525421 A JP2019525421 A JP 2019525421A JP 7218069 B2 JP7218069 B2 JP 7218069B2
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- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethanamine Chemical class NCC1CO1 AFEQENGXSMURHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical class N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-5,6-dione Chemical class C1=CN=C2C(=O)C(=O)N=C21 FYNROBRQIVCIQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical class N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiosalicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S NBOMNTLFRHMDEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(ethenyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)C=C GQIUQDDJKHLHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(methyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](C)(OCC)OCC CPUDPFPXCZDNGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DBUFXGVMAMMWSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptan-4-yl)propyl]silane Chemical compound C1C(CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC)CCC2OC21 DBUFXGVMAMMWSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(prop-2-enyl) phosphate Chemical compound C=CCOP(=O)(OCC=C)OCC=C XHGIFBQQEGRTPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl sulfide Chemical compound C=CSC=C UIYCHXAGWOYNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005050 vinyl trichlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001834 xanthenyl group Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3C(C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K59/871—Self-supporting sealing arrangements
- H10K59/8723—Vertical spacers, e.g. arranged between the sealing arrangement and the OLED
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/44—Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/46—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation
- C08F2/48—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light
- C08F2/50—Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation by ultraviolet or visible light with sensitising agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/26—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen
- C08F220/30—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety
- C08F220/303—Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety and one or more carboxylic moieties in the chain
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
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Description
上記重合開始剤(A)が水酸基を有するα-アミノアセトフェノン化合物(A1)を含有する重合性組成物。
R1及びR2で表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基で置換される場合があり、R1及びR2で表される基中のメチレン基は-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-NR3-、-NR3CO-、-S-、-CS-、-SO2-、-SCO-、-COS-、-OCS-、不飽和結合又はCSO-で置換される場合があり、
R3は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基を表し、
mは0又は1を表し、
式中の*は、結合手を表す。)
R13及びR14が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
Y1、Y2及びY3は、直接結合、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
Y2が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
Z1、Z2及びZ3は、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
Z2が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
R12、R14、R16、Y1、Y2、Y3、Z1、Z2及びZ3で表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する基で置換される場合があり、R12、R14、R16、Y1、Y2、Y3、Z1、Z2及びZ3で表される基中のメチレン基は-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-S-、-SO2-、-SCO-又は-COS-で置換される場合もあり、
nは0又は10以下の正の数を表し、aは、0又は4以下の正の数を表し、bは、0又は3以下の正の数を表し、cは、0又は4以下の正の数を表し、nが2以上の場合、bは同一の場合も異なる場合もある。)
本発明の重合性組成物に用いられる重合開始剤(A)は、水酸基を有するα-アミノアセトフェノン化合物(A1)[以下、(A1)成分とも記載]を含有し、従来既知の(A1)成分を除くラジカル重合開始剤を併用することが可能である。
Xsは、硫黄原子又はNR100を表し、
R100、R101、R102、R103及びR104は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~12のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基は水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、該フェニル基及び該アリールアルキル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、
R101とR102は、連結して3~6員環の複素環を形成している場合があり、該複素環中の窒素原子にはR99が結合している場合があり
R103とR104は、連結して3~6員環を形成している場合があり、
R105、R106、R107及びR108はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基、ニトロ基、水酸基、カルボキシル基又は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基を表し、該アルキル基は、ハロゲン原子、カルボキシル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基又は水酸基で置換されている場合があり、
R99は水素原子、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~12のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基は水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、該フェニル基及び該アリールアルキル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合がある。
上記で挙げた各アルキル基及び上記各アリールアルキル基中のメチレン基は、-O-、-S-、-NR117-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-又は-O-CO-O-で置換されている場合がある。
R117は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~12のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基は水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、該フェニル基及び該アリールアルキル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合がある。
ただし、式(V)で表される化合物は、分子中に少なくとも一つの水酸基を有している。)
式中の下記(i-1)
R111は、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、水酸基、カルボキシル基、シアノ基、アミノ基又はフェニル基を表し、該フェニル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、水酸基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、pは、1~12の数を表す。)
上記式中のZで表される炭素原子数1~6のアルキレン基としては、メチレン、エチレン、プロピレン、メチルエチレン、ブチレン、1-メチルプロピレン、2-メチルプロピレン、1,2-ジメチルプロピレン、1,3-ジメチルプロピレン、1-メチルブチレン、2-メチルブチレン、3-メチルブチレン、4-メチルブチレン、2,4-ジメチルブチレン、1,3-ジメチルブチレン、ペンチレン、へキシレン等の直鎖又は分岐のアルキレン基を挙げることができる。
R21及びR22は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~20のアリール基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
X1は、酸素原子、硫黄原子、セレン原子、CR23R24、CO、NR25又はPR26を表し、
X2は、無結合、直接結合、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基、COを表し、R23~R26は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、R21~R26で表される基中の水素原子は、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアン基、水酸基、カルボキシル基又は複素環基で置換される場合もあり、
R21~R26で表される基中のメチレン基は、酸素が隣り合わない条件で-O-又は-CO-に置換される場合もあり、
R21~R26は、それぞれ独立に、隣接するどちらかのベンゼン環と一緒になって環を形成する場合もあり、
gは、0~4の数を表し、
hは、0~3の数を表す。)
上記一般式(III)中のR21及びR22で表される炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、炭素原子数6~20のアリール基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基はそれぞれ、R1~R3で表される炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基の例である上記炭素原子数1~20のアルキル基、上記炭素原子数6~20のアリール基、上記炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基について上記で述べたものと同様である。
例えば厚さ2~5μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、重合開始剤(A)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及びエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.1~20質量部、より好ましくは0.3~10質量部、より好ましくは0.3~5質量部である。
また、弾性回復、誘電率、電気特性等の点から、上記重合開始剤(A)中、(A1)成分の割合は、30質量%以上が好ましく、50質量%以上85質量%以下が好ましい。また、(A1)成分と式(I)で表される基を有する化合物とを併用する場合には、(A1)成分:式(I)で表される基を有する化合物との質量比(前者:後者)が、2~5:1であることが好ましく、2~3:1であることがより好ましい。
本発明の重合性組成物に用いられる着色剤(B)としては、顔料や染料を用いることができる。顔料及び染料としては、それぞれ、無機色材又は有機色材を用いることができる。これらを単独で又は2種以上を混合して用いることができる。ここで、顔料とは、後述する溶剤に不溶の着色剤を意味し、無機又は有機色材の中でも溶剤に不溶であるもの、或いは無機又は有機染料をレーキ化したものも含まれる。
例えば厚さ1~3μmの硬化物を形成する場合には、着色剤(B)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)100質量部に対して、好ましくは、10~500質量部、より好ましくは10~300質量部、更に好ましくは10~200質量部である。
本発明に係るアルカリ現像性化合物(C)は、親水性基を有し、且つ、アルカリ現像性を示す化合物である。本発明においては、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)として、上記の条件を満たしている限り、従来用いられている化合物を用いることができる。
上記親水性基としては、水酸基、チオール基、カルボキシル基、スルホ基、アミノ基、アミド基又はその塩等が挙げられ、水酸基及びカルボキシル基が、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)のアルカリへの現像性が高いため好ましい。
アルカリ現像性化合物(C)における親水性基の好ましい官能基当量(親水性基1当量を含む高分子化合物の質量)は、50~10000である。
アルカリ現像性化合物(C)の好ましい分子量は、重量平均分子量が、2000~10000であり、3000~6000が特に好ましい。又数平均分子量が、1000~8000であり、特に2000~5000である。アルカリ現像性化合物(C)の分子量が上記の範囲である場合、現像性に優れ、かつ耐薬品性に優れる硬化物が得られることから好ましい。
M4で表される炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子で置換される場合があり、R31、R32、R33、R34、R35、R36、R37及びR38(以下、R31~R38とも記載)は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基、又はハロゲン原子を表し、kは0~10の数であり、k≧1の場合、複数存在するR31~R38及びM4は、それぞれ、同一である場合も、異なる場合もある。)
R40、R41、R42、R43、R44、R45、R46、R47、R48、R49、R50、R51、R52、R53、R54、R55、R56、R57、R58、R59、R60、R61、R62、R63、R64、R65、R66、R67及びR68(以下、R40~R68とも記載)は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基、複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基、又はハロゲン原子を表し、
R31~R38及びR40~R68で表される基中のメチレン基は、不飽和結合、-O-又は-S-で置換される場合があり、
R40とR41、R41とR42、R42とR43、R43とR44、R45とR46、R46とR47、R47とR48、R53とR54、R54とR55、R55とR56、R61とR62、R62とR63、R63とR64、R65とR66、R66とR67
及びR67とR68は結合して環を形成する場合があり、
(a)、(b)、(c)及び(d)で表される基中の*は、結合手を表す。)
上記不飽和一塩基酸としては、例えば、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、クロトン酸、桂皮酸、ソルビン酸及びヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート・マレート、ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート・マレート、ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート・マレート及びジシクロペンタジエン・マレート等が挙げられる。
即ち、上記エポキシ付加化合物は、上記エポキシ化合物のエポキシ基1個に対し、上記不飽和一塩基酸のカルボキシル基が0.1~1.0個の比率となるように付加させるのが好ましく、また上記反応生成物は、上記エポキシ付加物の水酸基1個に対し、上記多塩基酸無水物の酸無水物構造が0.1~1.0個となる比率となるようにするのが好ましい。
上記一般式(IV)で表されるエポキシ化合物、上記不飽和一塩基酸及び上記多塩基酸無水物の反応は、常法に従って行なうことができる。
上記ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物としては、上記一般式(IV)で表されるエポキシ化合物を用いることができる他、例えば、水添ビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物等のビスフェノール型エポキシ化合物も用いることができる。
また上記グリシジルエーテル類としては、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、プロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4-ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,8-オクタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,10-デカンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、2,2-ジメチル-1,3-プロパンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、トリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、テトラエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ヘキサエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノールジグリシジルエーテル、1,1,1-トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)プロパン、1,1,1-トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)エタン、1,1,1-トリ(グリシジルオキシメチル)メタン、1,1,1,1-テトラ(グリシジルオキシメチル)メタン等を用いることができる。
その他、フェノールノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ビフェニルノボラック型エポキシ化合物、クレゾールノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ビスフェノールAノボラック型エポキシ化合物、ジシクロペンタジエンノボラック型エポキシ化合物等のノボラック型エポキシ化合物;3,4-エポキシ-6-メチルシクロヘキシルメチル-3,4-エポキシ-6-メチルシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル-3,4-エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、1-エポキシエチル-3,4-エポキシシクロヘキサン等の脂環式エポキシ化合物;フタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、テトラヒドロフタル酸ジグリシジルエステル、ダイマー酸グリシジルエステル等のグリシジルエステル類;テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン、トリグリシジルP-アミノフェノール、N,N-ジグリシジルアニリン等のグリシジルアミン類;1,3-ジグリシジル-5,5-ジメチルヒダントイン、トリグリシジルイソシアヌレート等の複素環式エポキシ化合物;ジシクロペンタジエンジオキシド等のジオキシド化合物;ナフタレン型エポキシ化合物;トリフェニルメタン型エポキシ化合物;ジシクロペンタジエン型エポキシ化合物等を用いることもできる。
該市販品としては、例えば、SPC1000、SPC-2000、SPC-3000、SPRR-1X、SPRR-2X、SPRR-3X、SPRR-5X、SPRR-6X、SPRR-7X、SPRR-8X、SPRR-9X、SPRR-10X、SPRR-11X、SPRR-12X、SPRR-13X、SPRR-14X、SPRR-15X、SPRR-16X、SPRR-17X、SPRR-18X、SPRR-19X、SPRR-20X、SPRR-21X(以上、昭和電工社製)、JET2000、AGOR1060、AGOR3060、ORGA1060、ORGA2060(以上、大阪有機化学社製)、CCR-1171H(日本化薬社製)等が挙げられる。
例えば厚さ2~5μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及びエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは、10~90質量部、より好ましくは、20~80質量部であり、更に好ましくは、30~80質量部である。
またアルカリ現像性化合物(C)が、一般式(II)で表される化合物を含有する場合、その量は、重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及びエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは、10~60質量部、より好ましくは、20~50質量部である。また、上記一般式(IV)で表されるエポキシ化合物に不飽和一塩基酸を付加させた構造を有するエポキシ付加化合物、又は該エポキシ付加化合物と、多塩基酸無水物とのエステル化反応により得られる反応生成物を含有する場合、その量は、重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及びエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の合計100質量部に対して、好ましくは、5~80質量部、より好ましくは、5~40質量部である。上記のエポキシ付加化合物及び該エポキシ付加化合物と多塩基酸無水物とのエステル化反応により得られる反応生成物の含有量とは、該エポキシ付加化合物及び該反応生成物の一方のみを含有する場合はその量であり、両方を含有する場合はその合計量である。
本発明で用いられるエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)は、エチレン性不飽和結合を有し、且つ、上記アルカリ現像性化合物(C)ではない化合物である。エチレン性不飽和化合物(D)としては、例えば、エチレン、プロピレン、ブチレン、イソブチレン、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニリデン、テトラフルオロエチレン等の不飽和脂肪族炭化水素;(メタ)アクリル酸、αークロルアクリル酸、イタコン酸、マレイン酸、シトラコン酸、フマル酸、ハイミック酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、ビニル酢酸、アリル酢酸、桂皮酸、ソルビン酸、メサコン酸、コハク酸モノ[2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチル]、フタル酸モノ[2-(メタ)アクリロイロキシエチル]、ω-カルボキシポリカプロラクトンモノ(メタ)アクリレート等の両末端にカルボキシ基と水酸基とを有するポリマーのモノ(メタ)アクリレート;ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート・マレート、ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート・マレート、ジシクロペンタジエン・マレート或いは1個のカルボキシル基と2個以上の(メタ)アクリロイル基とを有する多官能(メタ)アクリレート等の不飽和多塩基酸;(メタ)アクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸-2-ヒドロキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジル、下記アクリル化合物No.1~No.4、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸-t-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソオクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソノニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸メトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジメチルアミノメチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸アミノプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジメチルアミノプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸エトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ポリ(エトキシ)エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブトキシエトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸フェノキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロフリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ビニル、(メタ)アクリル酸アリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジル、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメチロールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリ[(メタ)アクリロイルエチル]イソシアヌレート、ポリエステル(メタ)アクリレートオリゴマー等の不飽和一塩基酸及び多価アルコール又は多価フェノールのエステル;(メタ)アクリル酸亜鉛、(メタ)アクリル酸マグネシウム等の不飽和多塩基酸の金属塩;マレイン酸無水物、イタコン酸無水物、シトラコン酸無水物、メチルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、トリアルキルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、5-(2,5-ジオキソテトラヒドロフリル)-3-メチル-3-シクロヘキセン-1,2-ジカルボン酸無水物、トリアルキルテトラヒドロ無水フタル酸-無水マレイン酸付加物、ドデセニル無水コハク酸、無水メチルハイミック酸等の不飽和多塩基酸の酸無水物;(メタ)アクリルアミド、メチレンビス-(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジエチレントリアミントリス(メタ)アクリルアミド、キシリレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、α-クロロアクリルアミド、N-2-ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリルアミド等の不飽和一塩基酸及び多価アミンのアミド;アクロレイン等の不飽和アルデヒド;(メタ)アクリロニトリル、α-クロロアクリロニトリル、シアン化ビニリデン、シアン化アリル等の不飽和ニトリル;スチレン、4-メチルスチレン、4-エチルスチレン、4-メトキシスチレン、4-ヒドロキシスチレン、4-クロロスチレン、ジビニルベンゼン、ビニルトルエン、ビニル安息香酸、ビニルフェノール、ビニルスルホン酸、4-ビニルベンゼンスルホン酸、ビニルベンジルメチルエーテル、ビニルベンジルグリシジルエーテル等の不飽和芳香族化合物;メチルビニルケトン等の不飽和ケトン;ビニルアミン、アリルアミン、N-ビニルピロリドン、ビニルピペリジン等の不飽和アミン化合物;アリルアルコール、クロチルアルコール等のビニルアルコール;ビニルメチルエーテル、ビニルエチルエーテル、n-ブチルビニルエーテル、イソブチルビニルエーテル、アリルグリシジルエーテル等のビニルエーテル;マレイミド、N-フェニルマレイミド、N-シクロヘキシルマレイミド等の不飽和イミド類;インデン、1-メチルインデン等のインデン類;1,3-ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン等の脂肪族共役ジエン類;ポリスチレン、ポリメチル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリ-n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリシロキサン等の重合体分子鎖の末端にモノ(メタ)アクリロイル基を有するマクロモノマー類;ビニルクロリド、ビニリデンクロリド、ジビニルスクシナート、ジアリルフタラート、トリアリルホスファート、トリアリルイソシアヌラート、ビニルチオエーテル、ビニルイミダゾール、ビニルオキサゾリン、ビニルカルバゾール、ビニルピロリドン、ビニルピリジン、水酸基含有ビニルモノマー及びポリイソシアネート化合物のビニルウレタン化合物、水酸基含有ビニルモノマー及びポリエポキシ化合物のビニルエポキシ化合物が挙げられる。
上記エチレン性不飽和化合物(D)は、単独で又は2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
例えば厚さ1~3μmの硬化膜を形成する場合には、エチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の含有量は、特に限定されるものではないが、重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及びエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)の合計100質量部に対して、エチレン性不飽和化合物(D)が好ましくは、1~50質量部、より好ましくは、1~30質量部であり、更に好ましくは、5~20質量部である。
溶剤の含有量が上記範囲の場合、ハンドリング性(重合性組成物の粘度や濡れ性)、乾燥時のムラの低減及び液安定性(組成物に含まれる成分の析出や沈降を伴わない)に優れる重合性組成物となり、硬化物を得る際に硬化物の厚さを適切にコントロールできることから好ましい。
また縮合反応終了後に、前記親水性溶媒に反応混合物を溶解し、水、n-ヘキサン及びn-ヘプタン等の沈殿剤に添加することにより、ノボラック樹脂を析出させ、析出物を分離し、加熱乾燥することにより回収することもできる。
上記潜在性添加剤としてはWO2014/021023号パンフレットに記載されているものを好ましく使うことができる。
上記アルカリ現像性化合物(C)と共に、上記有機重合体を用いることによって、硬化物の特性を改善することもできる。
有機重合体を使用する場合、その使用量は、上記アルカリ現像性化合物(C)100質量部に対して、好ましくは10~500質量部である。
また、これら無機化合物は、例えば、充填剤、反射防止剤、導電剤、安定剤、難燃剤、機械的強度向上剤、特殊波長吸収剤及び撥インク剤等としても好適に用いられる。
カップリング剤を添加することにより、硬化物と基材間(特にガラス)の密着性を向上するので好ましい。
上記マスクとしては、ハーフトーンマスク又はグレースケールマスク等の多階調マスクを用いることもできる。
有機系の黒色顔料(ラクタムブラックとしてブラック582;BASF社製)、分散剤(BYK-167)及び分散物のためのポリマー(後述するアルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2)を、それぞれ、16質量部、3.2質量部及び3.6質量部で混合した後で、この混合物にプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセタート(PGMEA)を固形分濃度25質量%となるよう秤量して添加し、混合物を作成した。
上記混合物をスターラーにより予備混合した後、直径0.3mmのジルコニアビーズを分散物(混合物から溶剤であるPGMEAを除いたもの)と同じ重量で添加し、25~60℃の温度で6時間にわたってペイントシェーカーによる分散物処理にかけたのち、フィルタを用いてジルコニアビーズを取り除き、分散液を得た。得られた分散液にPGMEAを追加し、分散物濃度が20質量%となるように調整し、スターラーにより均一にした後、ラクタムブラック分散液B-1を得た。
有機系の黒色顔料[ペリレンブラックとしてC.I.ピグメントブラック31(PalIogenBlackS0084;BASF社製)]、分散剤(BYK-167)及び分散物のためのポリマー(後述するアルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2)を、それぞれ、12質量部、3.6質量部及び8質量部で混合した後で、この混合物にプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセタート(PGMEA)を固形分濃度25質量%となるよう秤量して添加し、混合物を作成した。
上記混合物をスターラーにより予備混合した後、直径0.3mmのジルコニアビーズを分散物(混合物から溶剤であるPGMEAを除いたもの)と同じ重量で添加し、25~60℃の温度で6時間にわたってペイントシェーカーによる分散物処理にかけたのち、フィルタを用いてジルコニアビーズを取り除き、分散液を得た。得られた分散液にPGMEAを追加し、分散物濃度が20質量%となるように調整し、スターラーにより均一にした後、ペリレンブラック分散液B-2を得た。
カーボンブラックとしてMA100(三菱化学社製)を20質量部、分散剤としてBYK161(ビックケミー(BYK)社製)12.5質量部(固形分濃度40質量%)、溶媒としてプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート67.5質量部を混合し、ビーズミルにより処理して、カーボンブラック分散液Bー3を調製した。
1,1-ビス〔4-(2,3-エポキシプロピルオキシ)フェニル〕インダンの184g、アクリル酸58g、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾール0.26g、テトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウムブロミド0.11g及びPGMEA105gを仕込み、120℃で16時間撹拌した。反応液を室温まで冷却し、PGMEA160g、ビフタル酸無水物59g及びテトラ-n-ブチルアンモニウムブロミド0.24gを加えて、120℃で4時間撹拌した。更に、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸20gを加え、120℃で4時間、100℃で3時間、80℃で4時間、60℃で6時間、40℃で11時間撹拌した後、PGMEA128gを加えて、PGMEA溶液としてアルカリ現像性化合物C-2を得た(Mw=5000、Mn=2100、酸価(固形分)92.7mgKOH/g)。アルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2におけるアルカリ現像性化合物の含有率は45質量%であった。
9,9-ビス(4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)フルオレン75.0g、アクリル酸23.8g、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール0.273g、テトラブチルアンモニウムクロリド0.585g、及びPGMEA65.9gを仕込み、90℃で1時間、100℃で1時間、110℃で1時間及び120℃で14時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却し、無水コハク酸25.9g、テトラブチルアンモニウムクロリド0.427g、及びPGMEA1.37gを加えて、100℃で5時間撹拌した。さらに、9,9-ビス(4-グリシジルオキシフェニル)フルオレン30.0g、2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-p-クレゾール0.269g、及びPGMEA1.50gを加えて、90℃で90分、120℃で4時間撹拌後、PGMEA122.2gを加えて、PGMEA溶液として目的物であるアルカリ現像性化合物C-3を得た(Mw=4190、Mn=2170,酸価(固形分)52mg・KOH/g)。アルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-3におけるアルカリ現像性化合物の含有率は45質量%であった。
[表1]~[表4]の配合に従って各成分を混合し、重合性組成物(実施例1~12及び比較例1~5)を得た。尚、表中の配合の数値は質量部を表す。
また、表中の各成分の符号は、下記の成分を表す。
A1-1 化合物No.A1-1 [(A1)成分に属する重合開始剤]
A2-1 化合物No.A2-1 [(A2)成分に属する重合開始剤]
A2-2 化合物No.A2-8 [(A2)成分に属する重合開始剤]
A2-3 化合物No.A2-14 [(A2)成分に属する重合開始剤]
A3-1 IRGACURE907
(水酸基を有さないα-アミノアセトフェノン化合物;BASF社製)
B-1 ラクタムブラック分散液B-1
B-2 ペリレンブラック分散液B-2
B-3 カーボンブラック分散液B-3
C-1 CCR-1171H
(一般式(II)で表されるアルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液 固形分69.5質量%; 日本化薬社製
C-2 アルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-2
C-3 アルカリ現像性化合物PGMEA溶液C-3
D-1 カヤラッドDPHA(エチレン性不飽和化合物;日本化薬社製)
D-2 UA-306H(ウレタンモノマー、PETA+HDI)
E-1 γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン(カップリング剤)
E-2 カレンズPE-1(チオール化合物;昭和電工社製)
G-1 PGMEA
G-2 3-メトキシブチルアセテート
G-3 コハク酸ジメチル
実施例1~14及び比較例1~5の重合性組成物から得られる硬化物について、弾性回復率、遮光性(OD値)、比誘電率、液晶汚染性(VHR)及び耐薬品性の評価を、下記の手順で行った。結果を[表1]~[表4]に併記する。
ガラス基板上に実施例1~14の重合性組成物及び比較例1~5の比較重合性組成物をスピンコート(3μm厚,300rpm×7秒)により塗布し、乾燥した後90℃において100秒間プリベークを行い、溶剤を除去した後、フォトマスクを使用して高圧水銀ランプにて100mJ/cm2露光後、0.04質量%KOH水溶液を用いてで現像を行った後、230℃にて30分加熱し、パターンを作成した。得られたパターンの20μm部分で、島津社ダイナミック微小硬度計DUH-211を用いて、40mNにて荷重を負荷-除荷試験をおこなった。弾性回復率(%)を下記の計算式によって算出した。
弾性回復率(%)=[(回復距離/圧縮変位)×100]
弾性回復率(%)が、60%以上の硬化物はBCSとして使用することができ、弾性回復率(%)が、70%以上の硬化物はBCSとして好ましく使用することができ、弾性回復率(%)が、80%以上の硬化物はBCSとして特に好ましく使用することができる。
ガラス基板上に実施例1~14の重合性組成物及び比較例1~5の比較重合性組成物をスピンコート(300rpm、7秒間)し乾燥させた後、90℃で100秒間プリベークを行った。光源として超高圧水銀ランプを用いて露光後した後、230℃で30分間ベークして硬化物を作成した。得られた膜のOD値を、マクベス透過濃度計を用いて測定し、該OD値をポストベーク後の膜厚で割って、膜厚あたりのOD値を算出した。
膜厚あたりのOD値が1.0以上の硬化物は、遮光性が高いため、BCSとして使用することができ、膜厚あたりのOD値が1.5以上の硬化物はBCSとして好ましく使用することができ、膜厚あたりのOD値が2.0以上の硬化物はBCSとして特に好ましく使用できる。膜厚あたりのOD値が1.0未満の硬化物はBCSとして使用できない。
ガラス基板上に実施例1~14の重合性組成物及び比較例1~5の比較重合性組成物をスピンコート(3μm厚,300rpm×7秒間)し、乾燥させた後、90℃で100秒間プリベークを行ない、マスクを使用せず高圧水銀ランプにて100mJ/cm2露光した後、230℃×180分間加熱し、上記評価サンプルを作成した。(評価法)上記評価サンプルについて、LCRメーター、アジレント社4284Aを用いて、AC1V、1kHz印加し測定を行った。
比誘電率が5.0未満の硬化物はBCSとして使用することができ、比誘電率が4.5以下の硬化物はBCSとして好ましく使用でき、比誘電率が4.0以下の硬化物はBCSとして特に好ましく使用できる。比誘電率が5.0以上の硬化物はBCSとして使用できない。
実施例1~14で得られた重合性組成物及び比較例1~5で得られた比較重合性組成物を、ガラス基板(100mm×100mm)上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布し、90℃で100秒間プリベークを行い、膜厚3.0μmの塗膜を形成した。次いで、ミラープロジェクションアライナー(製品名:TME-150RTO、株式会社トプコン製)を使用し、マスクを介さず塗膜に紫外線を照射量200mJ/cm2で照射した。その後、230℃で30分間、ポストベークを行った。
ポストベーク後の塗膜の1質量部を40質量部のADEKA社製の液晶「RS-182」と混合し、120℃で1時間保存した。これを室温に取り出し静置後、上澄み液を採取した。採取した液晶組成物のVHR(電圧保持率)を測定した。詳細な評価方法は、下記の通りである。液晶組成物を液晶評価用TNセル(セル厚5μm、電極面積8mm×8mm配向膜JALS2096)に注入し、VHRをVHR-1A(東陽テクニカ社製)を用い測定した。(測定条件:パルス電圧幅60μs、フレーム周期16.7ms、波高±5V、測定温度60℃)
VHRが、90%以上の硬化物は、低液晶汚染性であり、BCSとして使用することができ、VHRが、95%以上の硬化物は、BCSとして好ましく使用することができ、VHRが、98%以上の硬化物は、BCSとして特に好ましく使用することができる。
VHRが90%未満の硬化物は、BCSとして使用できない。
N-メチルピロリドン(NMP)溶出試験は以下の手順にて行った。
まず、調製した実施例1~14で得られた重合性組成物及び比較例1~5で得られた比較重合性組成物を最終的な膜厚が3μmとなるようにスピンコーターにてガラス基板に塗布し、1分間減圧乾燥した後にホットプレート90℃で120秒間乾燥した。高圧水銀ランプにて50mJ/cm2露光後に現像工程を経てからオーブン230℃で40分間加熱してレジスト塗工基板を得た。作製したレジスト塗工基板から測定用基板(25mm×35mm角)2枚を切り出してN-メチルピロリドン(NMP)8mL入りの10mL用バイアル瓶に浸漬した。そして、その測定用基板入りのバイアル瓶を90℃のクリーンオーブンに、60分間静置した状態でNMP溶出試験を実施した。40分静置後に熱浴からバイアル瓶を取り出して、そのNMP溶出溶液を分光光度計(島津製作所社製「UV-3100PC」)により300~800nmの波長範囲で1nmおきに吸光度を測定した。光源には、ハロゲンランプ及び重水素ランプ(切り替え波長360nm)を使用して、検出器には、フォトマルを使用しており、スリット幅2nmを測定条件としている。また、試料溶液は1cm角の石英セルに入れて測定する。吸光度とは、分光法において、ある物体を光が通過した際に光強度がどの程度減衰するかを示す無次元量であり、以下の式で定義される。
NMP耐薬品性評価基準:NMP溶出溶液の吸収スペクトルの面積値による判定(波長300~800nm)
○: 20(nm)未満
△: 20(nm)以上60(nm)未満
×: 60(nm)以上
NMP耐薬品性評価が〇であるものは、BCSとして特に好ましく使用でき、△であるものは、BCSとして使用でき、×のものは、BCSとして使用できない。
本評価基準である吸光度のスペクトル面積は、各波長における吸光度の和で表すことができ、溶出したレジスト成分の総和を意味していることになる。
Claims (8)
- 重合開始剤(A)、着色剤(B)、アルカリ現像性化合物(C)及び該アルカリ現像性化合物(C)を除くエチレン性不飽和化合物(D)を含有する重合性組成物であって、
上記重合開始剤(A)が下記一般式(V)で表される水酸基を有するα-アミノアセトフェノン化合物(A1)及び下記一般式(I)で表される基を有するオキシムエステル化合物(A2)を含有する重合性組成物。
(式中、Xrは下記一般式(ii)で表される構造を表し、
Xsは、硫黄原子を表し、
R101、R102、R103及びR104は、それぞれ独立に、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基を表し、該アルキル基はカルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基又はニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、
R101とR102は、連結して3~6員環の複素環を形成している場合があり、該複素環中の窒素原子にはR99が結合している場合があり、
R103とR104は、連結して3~6員環を形成している場合があり、
R105、R106、R107及びR108はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基を表し、
R99は水素原子、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~12のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基はカルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、該フェニル基及び該アリールアルキル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合がある。
上記で挙げた各アルキル基及び上記各アリールアルキル基中のメチレン基は、-O-、-S-、-NR117-、-CO-、-CO-O-、-O-CO-又は-O-CO-O-で置換されている場合がある。
R117は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基、フェニル基、炭素原子数7~20のアリールアルキル基又は炭素原子数2~12のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基はカルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合があり、該フェニル基及び該アリールアルキル基は炭素原子数1~4のアルキル基、カルボキシル基、ハロゲン原子、シアノ基若しくはニトロ基で置換されている場合がある。
(式中、R112、R113、R114、R115及びR116は、それぞれ独立に、水素原子又は炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基を表し、R 112 、R 113 、R 114 、R 115 及びR 116 の少なくとも1つが炭素原子数1~12のアルキル基であり、該アルキル基は水酸基で置換されており、該アルキル基中のメチレン基は、酸素原子が隣り合わない条件で-O-で置換されている場合がある。)
(式中、R1及びR2は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、ハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
R1及びR2で表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基で置換される場合があり、R1及びR2で表される基中のメチレン基は-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-NR3-、-NR3CO-、-S-、-CS-、-SO2-、-SCO-、-COS-、-OCS-、不飽和結合又はCSO-で置換される場合があり、
R3は、水素原子、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基を表し、
mは0又は1を表し、
式中の*は、結合手を表す。) - 着色剤(B)が黒色顔料である請求項1に記載の重合性組成物。
- アルカリ現像性化合物(C)が、下記一般式(II)で表されるアルカリ現像性化合物である請求項1又は2に記載の重合性組成物。
(式中、R11、R13及びR15は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又はメチル基を表し、R12、R14及びR16は、それぞれ独立に炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
R13及びR14が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
Y1、Y2及びY3は、直接結合、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
Y2が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
Z1、Z2及びZ3は、炭素原子数1~20の炭化水素基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基を表し、
Z2が、複数存在する場合、同一の場合も異なる場合もあり、
R12、R14、R16、Y1、Y2、Y3、Z1、Z2及びZ3で表される基中の水素原子はハロゲン原子、ニトロ基、シアノ基、水酸基、アミノ基、カルボキシル基、メタクリロイル基、アクリロイル基、エポキシ基、ビニル基、メルカプト基、イソシアネート基又は複素環を含有する炭素原子数2~20の基で置換される場合があり、R12、R14、R16、Y1、Y2、Y3、Z1、Z2及びZ3で表される基中のメチレン基は-O-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-S-、-SO2-、-SCO-又は-COS-で置換される場合もあり、
nは0又は10以下の正の数を表し、aは、0又は4以下の正の数を表し、bは、0又は3以下の正の数を表し、cは、0又は4以下の正の数を表し、
nが2以上の場合、bは同一の場合も異なる場合もある。) - 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の重合性組成物を含有するブラックマトリクス用感光性組成物。
- 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の重合性組成物を含有するブラックカラムスペーサ用感光性組成物。
- 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の重合性組成物、請求項4に記載のブラックマトリクス用感光性組成物又は請求項5に記載のブラックカラムスペーサ用感光性組成物に対し、光照射又は加熱することにより硬化物を製造する方法。
- 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載の重合性組成物、請求項4に記載のブラックマトリクス用感光性組成物又は請求項5に記載のブラックカラムスペーサ用感光性組成物の硬化物。
- 請求項7に記載の硬化物を含有するディスプレイ表示装置。
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