JP6793517B2 - シート状プリプレグ - Google Patents
シート状プリプレグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6793517B2 JP6793517B2 JP2016203799A JP2016203799A JP6793517B2 JP 6793517 B2 JP6793517 B2 JP 6793517B2 JP 2016203799 A JP2016203799 A JP 2016203799A JP 2016203799 A JP2016203799 A JP 2016203799A JP 6793517 B2 JP6793517 B2 JP 6793517B2
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Description
硬化性組成物:硬化性化合物(A)と、硬化剤(B)及び/又は硬化触媒(C)とを含む組成物であって、(A)全量の50重量%以上がエポキシ当量が140〜3000g/eqのエポキシ化合物である組成物
本発明のシート状プリプレグは、熱線膨張係数が10ppm/K以下である素材からなるシート状多孔性支持体の孔内が下記硬化性組成物で充填された構成を有するシート状プリプレグであり、当該シート状プリプレグの硬化物のガラス転移温度が−60℃以上、100℃以下であることを特徴とする。
硬化性組成物:硬化性化合物(A)と、硬化剤(B)及び/又は硬化触媒(C)とを含む組成物であって、(A)全量の50重量%以上がエポキシ当量が140〜3000g/eqのエポキシ化合物である組成物
本発明におけるシート状多孔性支持体(以後、「多孔性支持体」と略称する場合がある)は、熱線膨張係数[例えば−20℃〜300℃(好ましくは−10〜300℃、特に好ましくは0〜300℃、最も好ましくは0〜250℃)における熱線膨張係数]が10ppm/K以下(好ましくは7ppm/K以下、特に好ましくは5ppm/K以下)である素材からなる。本発明のシート状プリプレグは熱線膨張係数が10ppm/K以下である素材からなる多孔性支持体を使用するため硬化収縮率及び熱線膨張係数を小さく抑制することができ、熱衝撃付与による反りを抑制することができると共にクラックの発生を抑制することができる。
空隙率(vol%)={1−W/(M×Ar×t)}×100
本発明の硬化性組成物は、硬化性化合物(A)と、硬化剤(B)及び/又は硬化触媒(C)とを含む組成物であって、(A)全量の50重量%以上がエポキシ当量が140〜3000g/eqのエポキシ化合物である。
硬化性化合物(A)は、エポキシ当量(g/eq)が140〜3000(好ましくは170〜1000、より好ましくは180〜1000、特に好ましくは180〜500)のエポキシ化合物を(A)全量の50重量%以上(好ましくは70重量%以上、特に好ましくは80重量%以上、最も好ましくは90重量%以上である。尚、上限は100重量%である)含む。エポキシ当量が上記範囲を外れる化合物を過剰に含有すると、硬化性組成物単独の硬化物の柔軟性が低下し、耐クラック性が低下するため好ましくない。
上記脂環式エポキシ化合物としては、分子内に1個以上の脂環と1個以上のエポキシ基とを有する公知乃至慣用の化合物が含まれるが、以下の化合物等が好ましい。
(1)脂環にエポキシ基が直接単結合で結合している化合物
(2)分子内に脂環及びグリシジルエーテル基を有する化合物(グリシジルエーテル型エポキシ化合物)
上記芳香族エポキシ化合物としては、例えば、ビスフェノール類[例えば、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ビスフェノールS、フルオレンビスフェノール等]と、エピハロヒドリンとの縮合反応により得られるエピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂;これらのエピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂を上記ビスフェノール類とさらに付加反応させることにより得られる高分子量エピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂;後述の変性エピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂;フェノール類[例えば、フェノール、クレゾール、キシレノール、レゾルシン、カテコール、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、ビスフェノールS等]とアルデヒド[例えば、ホルムアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、ベンズアルデヒド、ヒドロキシベンズアルデヒド、サリチルアルデヒド等]とを縮合反応させて得られる多価アルコール類を、さらにエピハロヒドリンと縮合反応させることにより得られるノボラック・アルキルタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂;フルオレン環の9位に2つのフェノール骨格が結合し、かつこれらフェノール骨格のヒドロキシ基から水素原子を除いた酸素原子に、それぞれ、直接又はアルキレンオキシ基を介してグリシジル基が結合しているエポキシ化合物等が挙げられる。
上記脂肪族エポキシ化合物としては、例えば、q価の環状構造を有しないアルコール(qは自然数である)のグリシジルエーテル;一価又は多価カルボン酸[例えば、酢酸、プロピオン酸、酪酸、ステアリン酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸等]のグリシジルエステル;エポキシ化亜麻仁油、エポキシ化大豆油、エポキシ化ひまし油等の二重結合を有する油脂のエポキシ化物;エポキシ化ポリブタジエン等のポリオレフィン(ポリアルカジエンを含む)のエポキシ化物等が挙げられる。尚、上記q価の環状構造を有しないアルコールとしては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、1−プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、1−ブタノール等の一価のアルコール;エチレングリコール、1,2−プロパンジオール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール等の二価のアルコール;グリセリン、ジグリセリン、エリスリトール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ジペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール等の三価以上の多価アルコール等が挙げられる。また、q価のアルコールは、ポリエーテルポリオール、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリカーボネートポリオール、ポリオレフィンポリオール等であってもよい。
本発明の硬化性組成物を構成する硬化剤(B)は、エポキシ化合物を硬化させる役割を担う化合物である。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、上述の硬化剤(B)の代わりに若しくは上述の硬化剤(B)と共に、硬化触媒(C)を含んでいてもよい。硬化触媒(C)を用いることにより、エポキシ化合物の硬化反応を進行させ、硬化物を得ることができる。上記硬化触媒(C)としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、紫外線照射又は加熱処理を施すことによりカチオン種を発生して、重合を開始させることができるカチオン触媒(カチオン重合開始剤)を1種又は2種以上使用することができる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、更にフィラー(D)を1種又は2種以上含有していてもよい。フィラー(D)を含有することにより、硬化収縮率及び熱線膨張係数を一層小さく抑制することができ、反りの抑制効果を向上することができる。また、硬化性組成物がフィラー(D)を含有すると、多孔性支持体の孔内に充填された硬化性組成物が孔外へ流出するのを抑制する効果も得られる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は、硬化剤(B)と共に硬化促進剤を含有していても良い。硬化剤(B)と共に硬化促進剤を含有することにより、硬化速度を促進する効果が得られる。硬化促進剤としては、公知乃至慣用の硬化促進剤を使用することができ、特に限定されないが、例えば、1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデセン−7(DBU)、及びその塩(例えば、フェノール塩、オクチル酸塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸塩、ギ酸塩、テトラフェニルボレート塩);1,5−ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]ノネン−5(DBN)、及びその塩(例えば、フェノール塩、オクチル酸塩、p−トルエンスルホン酸塩、ギ酸塩、テトラフェニルボレート塩);ベンジルジメチルアミン、2,4,6−トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、N,N−ジメチルシクロヘキシルアミン等の第3級アミン;2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール等のイミダゾール類;リン酸エステル、トリフェニルホスフィン(TPP)等のホスフィン類;テトラフェニルホスホニウムテトラフェニルボレート、テトラフェニルホスホニウムテトラ(p−トリル)ボレート等のホスホニウム化合物;オクチル酸スズ、オクチル酸亜鉛等の有機金属塩;金属キレート等が挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で、又は2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。
本発明の硬化性組成物は上記成分以外にも、必要に応じて他の成分を1種又は2種以上含有していても良い。
本発明のシート状プリプレグは、上記多孔性支持体の孔内が上記硬化性組成物で充填された構成を有する。本発明において使用する硬化性組成物単体の硬化物は上述の通りガラス転移温度が低く柔らかいため、耐クラック性に優れる。また、前記の柔らかい(特に100℃以上の高温領域において柔らかい)硬化物を形成する硬化性組成物は、多孔性支持体の孔内に充填された構成を有するが、前記硬化性組成物が多孔性支持体を押しのけて膨張することができない為か、結果的に熱線膨張係数を小さく抑制することができ、反りの発生を防止することができる。
工程I:支持体に仮止めテープをはりつけ、前記仮止めテープを介して支持体に半導体チップを貼付する
工程II:本発明のシート状プリプレグを用いて半導体チップを封止する
工程III:支持体を剥離する
工程IV:再配線、電極形成、及びダイシングを行って半導体パッケージを得る
微小繊維セリッシュKY110N((株)ダイセル製)のスラリーを0.2重量%に希釈し、減圧装置付き抄紙マシーン(東洋精機製作所(株)製、標準角型マシン)を用いて、No.5C濾紙を濾布として抄紙して、湿潤状態のセルロース不織布を得た。
得られた湿潤状態のセルロース不織布の両面に吸い取り紙を重ね、0.2MPaの圧力で1分間プレスした。次いで、0.2MPaの圧力で1分間プレスし、更に、表面温度が100℃に設定されたドラムドライヤ(熊谷理機工業(株)製)に貼り付けて120秒間乾燥して、セルロース不織布(空隙率:60vol%、坪量9.9g/m2、熱線膨張係数:5ppm/K、厚み25μm)を得た。
(シート状プリプレグの製造)
表1に記載の処方にて硬化性組成物を調製した。
得られた硬化性組成物中に、減圧下、調製例1で得られたセルロース不織布を浸漬し、セルロース不織布に硬化性組成物を含浸させて、シート状プリプレグ(硬化性組成物の占める割合:65vol%)を作成した。尚、実施例9では調製例1と同様の方法で得られたセルロース不織布(空隙率:60vol%、坪量9.9g/m2、熱線膨張係数:5ppm/K、厚み50μm)を使用した。また、実施例10では、セルロース不織布に代えて、ガラスクロスを使用した。
また、実施例1で使用する硬化性組成物を単独で硬化させて得られた硬化物について、下記方法によりガラス転移温度、及び熱線膨張係数を測定したところ、Tg:17.5℃、熱線膨張係数(α1):65.8ppm/K、熱線膨張係数(α2):466.8ppm/Kであった。
得られたシート状プリプレグを離型剤を塗布したガラスに挟み込み、表1に記載の硬化条件で加熱して硬化物を得、得られた硬化物のガラス転移温度、及び熱線膨張係数を下記方法で測定した。
また、50mm角のガラス基板上に10mm角のシリコンチップを4個再配置し、上記シート状プリプレグをで覆い、コンプレッションモールディング(表1に記載の初期硬化条件に加熱した状態で、1MPaで押圧)することによりシリコンチップの封止を行った。その後、基板からシリコンチップを内包する半導体パッケージを剥がし、その反り防止性と耐クラック性を下記方法で評価した。
表1に記載の処方にて硬化性組成物を調製し、固形分濃度が40%になるようにメチルエチルケトンを混合して、硬化性組成物を得た。
当該硬化性組成物を調製例1で得られたセルロース不織布に含浸させ、減圧下、溶媒を除去してシート状プリプレグを作成した。
得られたシート状プリプレグについて、実施例1と同様の方法で評価した。
表1に記載の処方にてフィラーとエポキシ樹脂とを、擂潰機((株)石川工場製)に仕込み、30分間混練し、フィラーを高分散させたエポキシ樹脂を得た。次いで、酸無水物加え、エチレングリコール及び触媒を加えて混練を行った。最後に、固形分濃度が40%になるようにメチルエチルケトンを添加して硬化性組成物を得た。
当該硬化性組成物を調製例1で得られたセルロース不織布に含浸させ、減圧下、溶媒を除去してシート状プリプレグを作成した。
得られたシート状プリプレグについて、実施例1と同様の方法で評価した。
硬化物のガラス転移温度、及び熱線膨張係数は、下記条件で測定した。尚、いずれも2nd−heatingでの測定値を採用した。
試験片サイズ:初期長さ10mm×幅3.5mm×厚み0.035mm
測定装置:熱機械的分析装置(Exstar TMA/SS7100、(株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ製)
測定モード:引張、定荷重測定(40mN)
測定雰囲気:窒素
温度条件:1st−heating −60℃から120℃、5℃/min
cooling 120℃から−60℃、20℃/min
2nd−heating −60℃から220℃、5℃/min
25℃、150℃、275℃における半導体パッケージの反り量を測定し(図2参照)、下記基準で反り防止性を評価した。
○:25℃、150℃、275℃の何れにおいても、反り量が10μm以下
△:25℃、150℃、275℃の少なくとも1つにおいて、反り量が10μmを超え、50μm以下
×:25℃、150℃、275℃の少なくとも1つにおいて、反り量が50μm超
半導体パッケージを、−25℃〜100℃のヒートショックテスト(100回)に付し、テスト実施後の半導体パッケージについて、クラックの有無を目視で観察し、下記基準で耐クラック性を評価した。
○:クラック無
×:クラック有
・YD−128:ビスフェノールA型ジグリシジルエーテル(エポキシ当量190、粘度13600mPa・s/25℃)、エポキシ当量188.6、新日鉄住金化学(株)製
・セロキサイド2021P:3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル(3,4−エポキシ)シクロヘキサンカルボキシレート、エポキシ当量130、(株)ダイセル製
・EXA−4850−150:変性エピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量:433、商品名「EPICLON EXA−4850−150」、DIC社製
・EXA−4850−1000:下記式(ii-1)で表される変性エピビスタイプグリシジルエーテル型エポキシ樹脂、エポキシ当量:350、商品名「EPICLON EXA−4850−1000」、DIC社製
・リカシッドMH−700:メチルヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸、酸無水物基当量164.5、新日本理化(株)製
・リカシッドHF−08:脂環族酸無水物とポリアルキレングリコ−ルとのエステル(ジカルボン酸)、カルボキシル基当量672.7、新日本理化(株)製
・TD2091:フェノールノボラック、水酸基当量104.0、DIC社製
・TETA:トリエチルテトラミン、アミン当量23.4、三井化学ファイン(株)製
・D−400:ポリオキシアルキレンジアミン、アミン当量107.0、三井化学ファイン(株)製
<希釈剤>
・EG:エチレングリコール、和光純薬工業(株)製
<硬化促進剤>
・U−CAT 12XD:特殊アミン型触媒、サンアプロ(株)製
・TPP:トリフェニルホスフィン、和光純薬工業(株)製
<硬化触媒>
・2E4MIZ:2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、和光純薬工業(株)製
<フィラー>
・シリカフィラー:粒子径3μm以下、日本電気硝子(株)製
・カーボンナノチューブ:長さ:10μm以上、直径:20〜45nmφ、GLONATECH社製
<多孔性支持体>
・ガラスクロス:空隙率:62vol%、坪量24g/m2、熱線膨張係数:3ppm/k、厚み25μm、商品名「1037」、東洋紡(株)製
2 仮止めテープ
3 チップ
4 シート状プリプレグ
5 表面平坦化用基板
6 半導体パッケージ
7 反り量
Claims (10)
- セルロースからなるシート状多孔性支持体の孔内が下記硬化性組成物で充填された構成を有するシート状プリプレグであり、当該シート状プリプレグの硬化物のガラス転移温度が−60℃以上、100℃以下である、シート状プリプレグ。
硬化性組成物:硬化性化合物(A)と、硬化剤(B)及び/又は硬化触媒(C)とを含む組成物であって、(A)全量の50重量%以上がエポキシ当量が140〜3000g/eqのエポキシ化合物である組成物 - 硬化性組成物が硬化性化合物(A)と硬化剤(B)とを、前記(A)における硬化性基1モルに対して(B)における前記(A)の硬化性基との反応性基が0.8〜1.2モルとなる割合で含有する、請求項1に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 硬化性組成物が硬化性化合物(A)と硬化触媒(C)とを、前記(A)100重量部に対して(C)0.1〜10重量部の割合で含有する、請求項1又は2に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 硬化性組成物に含まれる、全ての硬化性化合物(A)(硬化剤(B)も含有する場合は、全ての硬化性化合物(A)と全ての硬化剤(B))の官能基当たりの分子量の加重平均値が180〜1000g/eqである、請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 硬化性組成物の硬化物の熱線膨張係数が100ppm/K以上であり、且つ、シート状プリプレグの硬化物の熱線膨張係数が55ppm/K以下である、請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 硬化性組成物がフィラー(D)を硬化性化合物(A)100重量部に対して1〜50重量部含有する、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- シート状多孔性支持体の厚みが5〜500μmである、請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 圧縮成形用封止材である、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- ファン−アウトウェハレベルパッケージ用封止材である、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
- 厚み100μm以下の、薄化シリコンチップ又は薄化基板の反り防止材である、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載のシート状プリプレグ。
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US20200055979A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
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