JP6124101B2 - 摩擦板 - Google Patents
摩擦板 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6124101B2 JP6124101B2 JP2016565711A JP2016565711A JP6124101B2 JP 6124101 B2 JP6124101 B2 JP 6124101B2 JP 2016565711 A JP2016565711 A JP 2016565711A JP 2016565711 A JP2016565711 A JP 2016565711A JP 6124101 B2 JP6124101 B2 JP 6124101B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- resin
- mass
- polyacrylamide
- ionic polyacrylamide
- resin fine
- Prior art date
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 aldehyde compound Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 31
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 28
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 21
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 12
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WZAPMUSQALINQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;ethenyl sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OC=C WZAPMUSQALINQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2h-tetrazole Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=CC(C2=NNN=N2)=C1 KWSLGOVYXMQPPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010680 novolac-type phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011134 resol-type phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001379 sodium hypophosphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylphenol Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O GJYCVCVHRSWLNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(2,4-dioxooxolan-3-yl)-7-methyl-3a,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-2-benzofuran-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1C(C(OC2=O)=O)C2C(C)=CC1C1C(=O)COC1=O FVCSARBUZVPSQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methylidenepentanamide Chemical compound CN(C)CCCC(=C)C(N)=O ZWAPMFBHEQZLGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229940050176 methyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-Hydroxyethylbenzene Natural products CCC1=CC=CC=C1O IXQGCWUGDFDQMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002256 xylenyl group Chemical class C1(C(C=CC=C1)C)(C)* 0.000 description 2
- HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-fluorophenyl)-phenylmethanol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(F)C=1C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HFVMEOPYDLEHBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QASBHTCRFDZQAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-isocyanato-2-methyl-3-prop-2-enoyloxypropyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(C)(COC(=O)C=C)N=C=O QASBHTCRFDZQAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGCYRFWNGRMRJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylpiperazine Chemical compound CCN1CCNCC1 WGCYRFWNGRMRJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000143 2-carboxyethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DPNXHTDWGGVXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-isocyanatoethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCN=C=O DPNXHTDWGGVXID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 RZVINYQDSSQUKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound C1=CNC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=N1 ZCUJYXPAKHMBAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZEDMAWEJPYWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enylsulfonylprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCS(=O)(=O)CC=C NZEDMAWEJPYWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCAVPEPBIJTYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate;2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCC1CO1.OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NCAVPEPBIJTYSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEMYIEDNNZJZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-2-enoyloxybutanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCOC(=O)C=C HEMYIEDNNZJZSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TYOXIFXYEIILLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2-phenyl-1h-imidazole Chemical compound N1C(C)=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 TYOXIFXYEIILLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBQRWNWVPQDTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCN=C=O RBQRWNWVPQDTJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004002 naphthaldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.OC(=O)C(O)=O GEVPUGOOGXGPIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRAHLZAGPKKBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;dioxidophosphanyl phosphite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])OP([O-])[O-] KRAHLZAGPKKBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004762 twaron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08L61/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
- D21H17/72—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H15/00—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution
- D21H15/02—Pulp or paper, comprising fibres or web-forming material characterised by features other than their chemical constitution characterised by configuration
- D21H15/10—Composite fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/36—Polyalkenyalcohols; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
- D21H17/375—Poly(meth)acrylamide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/18—Reinforcing agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/58—Details
- F16D13/60—Clutching elements
- F16D13/64—Clutch-plates; Clutch-lamellae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/50—Aqueous dispersion, e.g. containing polymers with a glass transition temperature (Tg) above 20°C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08L33/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2200/00—Materials; Production methods therefor
- F16D2200/006—Materials; Production methods therefor containing fibres or particles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
(1)水溶性レゾール型フェノール樹脂やフェノール樹脂エマルジョンを樹脂結合剤として用いる場合、通常は硫酸アルミニウム、ポリ塩化アルミニウムなどの定着剤で凝集させる。この際に、凝集の効率が良好ではなく、抄造する際に排水中に樹脂結合剤が流出してしまう問題がある(環境への負荷が高い。)。
測定装置:東ソー株式会社製「HLC−8220 GPC」
カラム:東ソー株式会社製「TSKgel 4000HXL」(7.8mmI.D.×300mm)+東ソー株式会社製「TSKgel 3000HXL」(7.8mmI.D.×300mm)+東ソー株式会社製「TSKgel 2000HXL」(7.8mmI.D.×300mm)東ソー株式会社製「TSKgel 1000HXL」(7.8mmI.D.×300mm)
カラム温度:40℃
検出器: RI(示差屈折計)、
データ処理:東ソー株式会社製「GPC−8020モデルIIバージョン4.30」、
展開溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン
流速:1.0mL/分
試料:樹脂固形分換算で0.5質量%のテトラヒドロフラン溶液をマイクロフィルターでろ過したもの
注入量:0.1mL
標準試料:下記単分散ポリスチレンとフェノールモノマーを使用した。
東ソー株式会社製「A−500」
東ソー株式会社製「A−2500」
東ソー株式会社製「A−5000」
東ソー株式会社製「F−1」
東ソー株式会社製「F−2」
東ソー株式会社製「F−4」
東ソー株式会社製「F−10」
東ソー株式会社製「F−20」
1.イオン性基としてカチオン性基とアニオン性基との両方を有する両イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C1)
2.イオン性基としてカチオン性基のみを有するカチオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C2)
3.イオン性基としてカチオン性基のみを有するアニオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C3)
1.イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)を水に希釈し、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)を0.005質量%含む水溶液を調整する。
2.該水溶液が酸性の場合は0.1モル/Lの水酸化ナトリウムを用いて水溶液のpHを7.0に調整し、この水溶液がアルカリ性の場合は0.5質量%の硫酸水溶液を用いて水溶液のpHを7.0に調整する。
イオン性パラメーター(meq/g)=Σ〔イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)のイオン化度(meq/g)×繊維材料(B)に対するイオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)の配合比率(質量%)〕
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管をセットした500mlの4ツ口フラスコにフェノール94.1g(1モル)、37%ホルムアルデヒド64.9g(0.8モル)、しゅう酸・2水和物0.56g(0.004モル)を仕込み、1時間かけて100℃まで昇温し、100℃で5時間反応させた。その後、180℃まで常圧脱水させた。さらに水蒸気を吹き込みながら180℃で減圧脱水を2時間実施し、取り出しを行い、数平均分子量(Mn)792のノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)を得た。
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管をセットした500mlの4ツ口フラスコにフェノール94.1g(1モル)、37%ホルムアルデヒド101.5g(1.25モル)、25%アンモニア水20.5g(0.3モル)仕込み、1時間かけて80℃に昇温し、80℃で2時間反応させた。減圧脱水しながら95℃まで昇温後、取り出し、(Mn)330のレゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−1)を得た。
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管をセットした500mlの4ツ口フラスコにフェノール94.1g(1モル)、37%ホルムアルデヒド121.7g(1.5モル)、25%アンモニア水13.5g(0.3モル)仕込み、1時間かけて80℃に昇温し、80℃で2時間反応させた。減圧脱水しながら95℃まで昇温後、取り出し(Mn)407のレゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−2)を得た。
ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)とレゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−2)とを、質量比で80:20となる割合で配合し、乳鉢で粉砕しながら混合し、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)の微粒子とレゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−2)の微粒子とが混在する微粒子の混合物を得た。この混合物の200℃における不揮発分を測定すると96.2質量%であった。以下、この混合物を樹脂微粒子(A−1)と略記する。
ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)とクレゾール型エポキシ樹脂であるEPICLON N−690(DIC株式会社製)とを、質量比で33:67となる割合で配合し、乳鉢で粉砕しながら混合し、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)の微粒子とEPICLON N−690の微粒子とが混在する微粒子の混合物を得た。この混合物の200℃における不揮発分を測定すると98.3質量%であった。以下、この混合物を樹脂微粒子(A−2)と略記する。
エアウォーター・ベルパール(株)のレゾール型フェノール樹脂の微粒子(ベルパールS899)をそのままレゾール型フェノール樹脂の樹脂微粒子として用いた。この微粒子の200℃における不揮発分を測定すると94.2質量%であった。以下、この微粒子を樹脂微粒子(A−3)と略記する。
レゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−1)を乳鉢で粉砕しレゾール型フェノール樹脂(R−1)の微粒子を得た。この微粒子の200℃における不揮発分を測定すると89.2質量%であった。以下、この微粒子を樹脂微粒子(A−4)と略記する。
ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)とヘキサメチレンテトラミンとを、質量比で94:6となる割合で配合し、乳鉢で粉砕しながら混合し、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂(N−1)の微粒子とヘキサメチレンテトラミンとが混在する微粒子の混合物を得た。この混合物の200℃における不揮発分を測定すると98.3質量%であった。以下、この混合物を樹脂微粒子(A−5)と略記する。
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管、窒素導入管をセットした1000mlの4ツ口フラスコに水543.2g、イタコン酸4.16g、ジメチルアミノプロピルアクリルアミド7.49g、50%アクリルアミド水溶液138.05g、2%次亜燐酸ナトリウム水溶液16.82gを仕込み、次いで15%硫酸水溶液でpH4.0に調整した。窒素ガス導入下60℃に昇温し、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液3.65g加え、重合反応を開始した。その後、75℃で1.5時間反応させ、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液1.82g追加し、更に1.5時間反応させ、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−1)の不揮発分10.2%の水溶液を得た。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−1)のpH7におけるイオン化度は固形分換算で−0.5meq/gであった。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−1)の10.2%水溶液粘度は20,000cpsであった。
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管、窒素導入管をセットした1000mlの4ツ口フラスコに水543.2g、ジメチルアミノプロピルアクリルアミド28.12g、50%アクリルアミド水溶液116.57g、2%次亜燐酸ナトリウム水溶液16.82gを仕込み、次いで15%硫酸水溶液でpH4.0に調整した。窒素ガス導入下60℃に昇温し、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液3.65g加え、重合反応を開始した。その後、75℃で1.5時間反応させ、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液1.82g追加し、更に1.5時間反応させ、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−2)の不揮発分10.2%の水溶液を得た。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−2)のpH7におけるイオン化度は固形分換算で+2.0meq/gであった。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−2)の10.2%水溶液粘度は45,000cpsであった。
攪拌機、温度計、冷却管、窒素導入管をセットした1000mlの4ツ口フラスコに水543.2g、イタコン酸23.42g、50%アクリルアミド水溶液133.63g、2%次亜燐酸ナトリウム水溶液16.82gを仕込み、次いで15%硫酸水溶液でpH4.0に調整した。窒素ガス導入下60℃に昇温し、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液3.65g加え、重合反応を開始した。その後、75℃で1.5時間反応させ、5%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液1.82g追加し、更に1.5時間反応させ、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−3)の不揮発分10.2%の水溶液を得た。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−3)のpH7におけるイオン化度は固形分換算で−1.6meq/gであった。イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−3)の10.2%水溶液の粘度は15,000cpsであった。
水1L(電導度:350μS/cm、pH7.5)にパルプ5.9g、アラミド繊維(東レ株式会社製トワロン1097)5.9g、珪藻土(東新化成株式会社製セライト281)5.2gを入れミキサーで1分間攪拌した。その後、樹脂微粒子(A−1)を7.59g添加し、更に1分間攪拌させた。その後、水2.4Lを追加し、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−1)を繊維成分に対し固形分で0.2質量%、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C−2)を繊維成分に対し固形分で0.01質量%添加し、樹脂微粒子分散体(1)を得た。下記式で求められるイオン性パラメーターは−0.08meq/gであった。
下記式に従い歩留まり率(%)を求めた。歩留まり率(%)が高い程、抄造後の排水に樹脂粒子の残存量が少なく環境への負荷が少ないと言える。
歩留まり率(%)=〔(硬化後質量)÷(繊維成分質量と樹脂微粒子の固形分質量との合計)〕×100
樹脂微粒子分散体を用いて抄造物を得た際に排出される排水に対する化学的酸素要求量(COD)と、該排水中のフェノール性水酸基含有化合物の含有量を測定した。CODが低い程、また、排水中のフェノール性水酸基含有化合物の含有量が少ない程、環境への負荷が少ないと言える。CODの測定はJIS K 0102 17法に従った。フェノール性水酸基含有化合物の含有量の定はJIS K 0102 28.1法に従った。
抄造物の強度は、引張りせん断強度を測定する事により行った。具体的には、せん断強度は0.8mm×25mm×150mmの鋼板(JIS G 3141)をアセトン脱脂し、接着剤を塗布し後、15mm×25mmに切り出した硬化された抄造物をプレス接着し、引張りせん断強度測定用のサンプルを作成した。引張りせん断強度の測定は、荷重フルスケール5kN、試験速度1mm/minにより行った。
第1表に記載の通りの配合量とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして硬化された抄造物を得た。実施例1と同様の評価を行い、その結果を第2表に示す。
Claims (6)
- 樹脂微粒子(A)、繊維材料(B)、イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)及び水を必須の成分として含有し、
前記樹脂微粒子(A)が、レゾール型フェノール樹脂および/またはノボラック型フェノール樹脂を含むことを特徴とする樹脂微粒子分散体を用いてなる摩擦板。 - イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)のイオン化度が−5〜5meq/gの範囲である請求項1記載の摩擦板。
- イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)の配合量が、繊維材料(B)100質量部に対して0.001〜2.0質量部の範囲である請求項1または2に記載の摩擦板。
- 下記式で求められるイオン性パラメーターが−0.45〜0.35meq/gの範囲である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦板。
イオン性パラメーター(meq/g)=Σ〔イオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)のイオン化度(meq/g)×繊維材料(B)に対するイオン性ポリアクリルアミド(C)の配合比率(質量%)〕 - 前記樹脂微粒子分散体が、さらに硬化剤(D)を含有する請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦板。
- 前記繊維材料(B)の含有量が、0.5〜80質量%である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦板。
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