JP6117496B2 - 半導体装置の駆動方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の駆動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6117496B2 JP6117496B2 JP2012177661A JP2012177661A JP6117496B2 JP 6117496 B2 JP6117496 B2 JP 6117496B2 JP 2012177661 A JP2012177661 A JP 2012177661A JP 2012177661 A JP2012177661 A JP 2012177661A JP 6117496 B2 JP6117496 B2 JP 6117496B2
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- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/14632—Wafer-level processed structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/766—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors comprising control or output lines used for a plurality of functions, e.g. for pixel output, driving, reset or power
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Description
本実施の形態では、TOF方式を適用した半導体装置の駆動方法について図1乃至図4を用いて説明する。より具体的には、第1の照射期間及び第2の照射期間(同一の長さでタイミングが異なる)に対応させて、第1の撮像及び第2の撮像を行い、第1の反射による第1の反射光検出から、光の到着時間の時間差に依存した第1の検出信号を取得し、第2の反射による第2の反射光検出から、光の到着時間の時間差に依存した第2の検出信号を取得することで、光源から被検出物までの距離を測定する半導体装置の駆動方法について説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1で示したフォトセンサ100の構成について、より詳細に説明する。m行n列のマトリクス状に配置されたフォトセンサ100を有する半導体装置の構成の一例について図6(A)を用いて、図6(A)とは別の構成の一例について図6(B)を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、単結晶シリコン等の半導体膜にチャネルが形成されるトランジスタと、酸化物半導体層にチャネルが形成されるトランジスタとを有するフォトセンサの作製方法について説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態3とは異なる構造を有する、酸化物半導体層にチャネルが形成されるトランジスタについて説明する。
本実施の形態では、TOF方式を適用して、2次元の撮像と3次元の撮像を一度に行う事が可能な半導体装置の駆動方法について説明する。
本実施の形態では、半導体装置が有するフォトセンサが、実施の形態5に示した構成を有する場合において、該フォトセンサをマトリクス状に複数配置する構成の一例について、図13を用いて、説明する。更に、図13で示すフォトセンサの上面図を図14に示す。なお、フォトセンサの構成や駆動方法は、実施の形態5を参照できる。
本実施の形態では、TOF方式を適用して、被検出物が高速で移動する場合であっても、被検出物の高精度な位置検出を行う事が可能な半導体装置の駆動方法について説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態7で示した隣接するフォトセンサ100_n、及びフォトセンサ100_(n+1)の構成について、より詳細に説明する。m行k列のマトリクス状に配置されたフォトセンサを有する半導体装置の構成の一例について図18を用いて、図18とは別の構成の一例について図19を用いて説明する。
12 信号線
13 信号線
14 ノード
15 信号線
16 信号線
17 信号線
18 ノード
100 フォトセンサ
101 回路
102 フォトダイオード
103 トランジスタ
104 トランジスタ
105 トランジスタ
106 トランジスタ
201 パルス
202 パルス
210 導電膜
211 導電膜
212 導電膜
213 導電膜
214 導電膜
215 半導体膜
216 半導体膜
217 半導体膜
218 導電膜
219 導電膜
220 導電膜
221 導電膜
222 導電膜
223 導電膜
224 導電膜
225 導電膜
226 導電膜
227 導電膜
228 ゲート絶縁膜
250 活性層
251 基板
281 絶縁膜
282 絶縁膜
700 基板
701 絶縁膜
702 半導体膜
703 半導体膜
704 フォトダイオード
705 nチャネル型トランジスタ
707 ゲート電極
708 絶縁膜
711 配線
712 絶縁膜
713 ゲート電極
714 ゲート絶縁膜
715 酸化物半導体層
716 導電膜
717 導電膜
718 導電膜
719 導電膜
720 導電膜
721 導電膜
722 絶縁膜
724 トランジスタ
727 領域
728 領域
729 領域
730 ゲート電極
731 ゲート絶縁膜
732 酸化物半導体層
733 チャネル保護膜
734 導電膜
735 導電膜
736 絶縁膜
741 ゲート電極
742 ゲート絶縁膜
743 導電膜
744 導電膜
745 酸化物半導体層
746 絶縁膜
751 ゲート電極
752 ゲート絶縁膜
753 導電膜
754 導電膜
755 酸化物半導体層
756 絶縁膜
761 ゲート電極
762 ゲート絶縁膜
763 導電膜
764 導電膜
765 酸化物半導体層
766 絶縁膜
Claims (2)
- 可視光を吸収し、第1の赤外光及び第2の赤外光を透過する第1の半導体層を有する第1のフォトダイオードと、
前記第1の赤外光及び前記第2の赤外光を吸収する第2の半導体層を有する第2のフォトダイオードとを、重畳して設けた半導体装置の駆動方法であって、
光源から、被検出物に対して、第1の赤外光照射及び前記第1の赤外光照射とタイミングが異なる第2の赤外光照射を同一時間行い、
前記第1のフォトダイオードによって、前記可視光を吸収し、
前記第1のフォトダイオードから出力される光電流を用いて、第1のノードに蓄積される電荷量を変化させる第1のトランジスタのゲート電極の電位を、
少なくとも前記第1の赤外光による前記被検出物からの反射光が、前記第1のフォトダイオードに照射されるより前から、前記第2の赤外光による前記被検出物からの反射光が、前記第1のフォトダイオードに照射された後までの間は高電位とし、
該高電位期間の可視光を検出することで前記被検出物の2次元情報を取得し、
前記第2のフォトダイオードによって、前記第1の赤外光及び前記第2の赤外光を吸収し、
前記第2のフォトダイオードから出力される光電流を用いて、第2のノードに蓄積される電荷量を変化させる第2のトランジスタのゲート電極の電位を、
前記第1の赤外光照射開始以後で第1の赤外光照射期間と前記第1の赤外光が前記被検出物で反射した光が入射する第1の赤外光反射期間が重なる間に高電位とし、
該高電位期間の前記第1の赤外光を検出することで、第1の検出信号S1を取得し、
且つ、前記第2の赤外光照射終了以後で前記第2の赤外光が前記被検出物で反射した光が入射する第2の赤外光反射期間の間に高電位とし、
該高電位期間の前記第2の赤外光を検出することで、第2の検出信号S2を取得し、
前記第1の赤外光照射の開始時刻と、前記第1の赤外光反射期間の開始時刻との時間差をΔt、
比例定数をαとし、
前記第1の検出信号S1及び前記第2の検出信号S2を用いて、
前記光源から前記被検出物までの距離xを、前記第1の赤外光照射期間をT、光速をcとし、
次式
に従って測定することで、前記被検出物の3次元情報を取得し、
前記第1の検出信号S1は、S1=α(T−Δt)で表され、
前記第2の検出信号S2は、S2=α(Δt)で表されることを特徴とする半導体装置の駆動方法。 - 請求項1において、
前記トランジスタの半導体層として、酸化物半導体材料を用いることを特徴とする半導体装置の駆動方法。
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