JP5575609B2 - 鉛系圧電材料及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
鉛系圧電材料及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5575609B2 JP5575609B2 JP2010246730A JP2010246730A JP5575609B2 JP 5575609 B2 JP5575609 B2 JP 5575609B2 JP 2010246730 A JP2010246730 A JP 2010246730A JP 2010246730 A JP2010246730 A JP 2010246730A JP 5575609 B2 JP5575609 B2 JP 5575609B2
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Description
本明細書において「ナノ粉体」とは、5〜30nmの範囲内の平均粒子径と、[算術偏差/平均]で表される10%以下の粒度分布と、を有する粒子状の鉛系圧電材料である。つまり、ナノ粉体は、ナノサイズの鉛系圧電材料の粒子(つまりナノ粒子)の集合体である。
ナノ粉体組成物とは、上述の鉛系圧電材料に含まれる元素のうちの少なくとも1種の元素の酸化物及び水酸化物の少なくとも一方を含有する。つまり、鉛系圧電材料がPb,Zr及びTiを含有する場合、ナノ粉体組成物は、上述の粒子の他に、PbO、Pb(OH)2、ZrO2、Zr(OH)4、TiO2及びTi(OH)4からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の化合物を含有する。
本明細書において、サブミクロン粉体とは、1μm未満のメジアン径と、[算術偏差/平均]で表される15%以下の粒度分布と、粒子状の鉛系圧電材料である。サブミクロン粉体の全粒子のうち85%以上が立方体形状を有する。つまり、サブミクロン粉体は、サブミクロンサイズの鉛系圧電材料の粒子(つまりサブミクロン粒子)の集合体である。
サブミクロン粉体の製造方法は、ナノ粒子を核として、水熱法によって粒成長を行うことを含む。
ここでいう貧溶媒とは原料液の溶質の溶解度が低い状態であり、溶媒種が異なっていてもよく、同種の溶媒であっても温度や圧力などが異なっていても良い
・温度:室温〜200℃、
・圧力:0.01〜2MPa、
・原料液と薄膜流体の流量比(薄膜流体/原料液):0.5〜12000、及び
・薄膜流体を得るための回転数:30〜3500rpm、
の少なくとも1つの条件が満たされることが好ましい。
1−1.核の形成
(実施例1〜10)
酢酸鉛三水和物(関東化学製)及び水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む鉛水溶液;塩化酸化ジルコニウム八水和物(関東化学製)を含むジルコニウム水溶液;塩化チタン水溶液(和光純薬製);水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む水酸化カリウム水溶液を用意した。Pb、Zr及びTiのモル比が、Pb:Zr:Ti=1.1:0.7:0.3となるように、各水溶液を混合することで、原料液Sを得た。
原料溶Sとして、酢酸鉛(関東化学製)を2-メトキシエタノール(関東化学製)に溶解し、テトライソプロポキシド(高純度化学研究所製)とテトラブトキシジルコニウム(高純度科学研究所製)を加え、さらにアセチルアセトン(関東化学製)を加えて十分撹拌したものに水とイソプロピルアルコール(関東化学製)の混合溶媒(水分1.5wt%)を加えたものを準備した。一方、薄膜流体Tとして純水を用いた。
PZT微粒子の原料液Sとして、ジイソプロポキシ鉛(高純度化学研究所製)とテトライソプロポキシド、テトラブトキシジルコニウムをイソプロピルアルコールに溶解し、さらにアセト酢酸エチルを加えた後、水イソプロピルアルコール混合溶媒(水分1.5wt%)を加えたものを準備した。一方、薄膜流体Tとして純水を用いた。
表1に示す条件下で、上述の実施例1〜10と同様の操作によって、スラリーを得た。
(実施例1〜12)
酢酸鉛三水和物(関東化学製)、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(関東化学製)、及び水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む鉛水溶液;塩化酸化ジルコニウム八水和物(関東化学製)を含むジルコニウム水溶液;塩化チタン水溶液(和光純薬製);水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む水酸化カリウム水溶液を、Pb、Zr及びTiのモル比がPb:Zr:Ti=1.1:0.7:0.3となるように混合することで、粒成長プロセスのための原料液S’を調製した。
以上の操作を、実施例1〜12の各スラリーUを用いて行った。
酢酸鉛三水和物(関東化学製)、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(関東化学製)、及び水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む鉛水溶液;塩化酸化ジルコニウム八水和物(関東化学製)を含むジルコニウム水溶液;塩化チタン水溶液(和光純薬製);並びに水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む水酸化カリウム水溶液を、Pb,Zr及びTiのモル比がPb:Zr:Ti=1.1:0.7:0.3となるように混合することで、原料液を調製した。30mlの原料液を、内壁がポリテトラフルオロエチレンであるSUS製の100mlの圧力容器に入れて、165℃、4時間の水熱合成処理を行うことで、PZT粒子を得た。
酢酸鉛三水和物(関東化学製)、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(関東化学製)、及び水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む鉛水溶液;塩化酸化ジルコニウム八水和物(関東化学製)を含むジルコニウム水溶液;塩化チタン水溶液(和光純薬製);並びに水酸化カリウム(関東化学製)を含む水酸化カリウム水溶液を、モル比がPb,Zr及びTiのモル比がPb:Zr:Ti=1.1:0.7:0.3となるように混合した。さらに、ゼラチン(ゼライス製)2.5wt%を加えて、分散機で十分撹拌することで、原料液を調製した。30mlの原料液を、内壁がポリテトラフルオロエチレンであるSUS製の100mlの圧力容器に入れて、165℃、4時間の水熱合成処理を行うことで、PZT粒子を得た。
2−1.核粒子について
上記1−1で得られたスラリーについて、X線回折装置(PANalytical製X‘Pert MPD Pro)により、2θ=20〜60°におけるXRDプロファイルを得た。2θ=20〜60°における全強度に対するPZT相強度比を、PZT合成率として算出した。
粒度分布=近似した正規分布の偏差/近似した正規分布の平均 (1)
成長後のPZT粒子の粒度分布をスペクトリス社製動的散乱式粒度分布測定装置ゼータサイザーナノnano−ZSで測定し、得たデータからメジアン径および粒度分布を求めた。
上記1−2で得られたPZT粒子の配向セラミックスのシードとしての特性を評価するために、PZT粒子の二次元整列処理をおこない、面内の被覆率から粒子の充填程度を評価した。具体的な作製方法は次の通りである。
Claims (4)
- 平均粒子径が5〜30nmの範囲内であり、かつ、[算術偏差/平均]で表される粒度分布が10%以下である粒子状の鉛系圧電材料と、
前記鉛系圧電材料に含まれる元素のうちの少なくとも1種の元素の酸化物及び水酸化物の少なくとも一方と、
を含有する圧電材料組成物。 - 粒子状の鉛系圧電材料であって、
メジアン径が1μm未満であり、
[算術偏差/平均]で表される粒度分布が15%以下であり、
全粒子のうち85%以上が立方体形状を有する、
鉛系圧電材料。 - 鉛と酸素以外に2種以上の元素を含有する、
請求項2に記載の鉛系圧電材料。 - 請求項2に記載の鉛系圧電材料の製造方法であって、
平均粒子径が5〜30nmの範囲内であり、かつ、[算術偏差/平均]で表される粒度分布が10%以下である粒子状の鉛系圧電材料を核として水熱法によって粒子を成長させることを備える、
製造方法。
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