JP5329709B2 - 液体前駆体溶液の混合液及び前駆体蒸気組成物 - Google Patents
液体前駆体溶液の混合液及び前駆体蒸気組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5329709B2 JP5329709B2 JP2012278476A JP2012278476A JP5329709B2 JP 5329709 B2 JP5329709 B2 JP 5329709B2 JP 2012278476 A JP2012278476 A JP 2012278476A JP 2012278476 A JP2012278476 A JP 2012278476A JP 5329709 B2 JP5329709 B2 JP 5329709B2
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Description
Larsen、G.J.M. Dormans、およびP.J.
Veldhoven、J. Appl. Phys.、(4)、1994、および、A.K. Tagantsev、C. Pawlaczyk、K. Brooks、およびN. Setter、Integrated Ferroelectrics、4、(1)、1994を参照されたい。これらの調査は、膜厚が低減するにしたがって抗電界が増加し、分極が減少することを示している。このような効果は、デプリーションおよび脱分極現象によるものである(A.K. Tagantsev、C. Pawlaczyk、K. Brooks、M. Landivar、E. Colla、およびN. Setter、Integrated Ferroelectrics、6、309(1995))。
Res. Symp. Proc.、Vol. 415(1996)、123-128頁参照)。
regime)において、様々な前駆体濃度で堆積された膜についての膜特性を調べた。PZT組成は、前駆体濃度と実質的に無関係のままであるが、関連付けられるPZT膜の微細構造および特性は著しく変動しうることを発見した。さらに、発明者は、自己修正レジームの「端(edge)」への近接性が、化学量論的組成への近接性よりも最重要であることを発見した。これは、数パーセントの化学量論的な余剰のPbが最適であるという従来技術の従来の叡智に対して重要な発見である。
選択された鉛前駆体は、鉛ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Pb(thd)2]であった。この化合物は室温では感知できるほどの蒸気圧を有さないので、テトラアルキル鉛試薬よりも取り扱いが安全である。しかし、Pb(thd)2の低い揮発度(180℃で0.05トール)によって、液体前駆体供給の使用が必要となる。チタンビス(イソプロポキシド)ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Ti(O−i−Pr)2(thd)2]を、チタン前駆体として用いた。ジルコニウムテトラキス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Zr(thd)4]を、Zr原試薬として用いた。これらの化合物は有機媒体中に非常に溶解し易く、また、チタン原子が配位的に飽和しているので、有害な配位子交換が生じない。
様々なPb/(Zr+Ti)比を有する溶液を、一連の堆積ランに用いた。この比率は、以下、(A/B)gとして定義され、これは、ペロブスカイトセル、ABO3における、Pbの「A」部位への、および、ZrならびにTiそれぞれの「B」部位への従来の割当てを示す。下付き文字gは反応チャンバにおける気相濃度を示し、その一方で(A/B)fは膜における当量比を示す。
State Comm.、7、41(1969)にまとめられているバルクPZT材料特性を参照)。
中央複合計画(central-composite-design)実験を用いて大きい容量のプロセス空間を調べ、主たるプロセス変数間の相互作用を評価した。堆積温度(550、575、600℃)および圧力(500、1750、3000mTorr)を、5つの異なる(A/B)g値(0.53、0.73、0.93、1.13、1.53)において独立して変化させた。1660秒の一定堆積時間を用いた。
代替の酸化ジルコニウム前駆体が必要となり、これらは、Zr(thd)4よりも揮発性が高く、またさらに、例えばPb(thd)2の表面分解により適合するように低い熱安定性を有する。
本発明に従って形成されたPZT材料を用いて多数のサンプルが作成された。これらのサンプルは、スパッタリング技術によって下部電極を形成し、これらの電極上に本発明に従ってPZT材料を堆積し、その後、電子ビーム堆積によってシャドウマスクを介して上部電極を堆積することを含む。PZT堆積時間は、10nmから260nmの膜厚を目標に165秒から4065秒の間で変化させられた。
強誘電性材料の開発の際の試験機器およびサンプル作成を簡略化するために、電気的試験は、約1mSのパルス幅と、約104μm2のキャパシタ面積を用いて従来から行われている。この試験レジメンの欠点は、デバイスに適したスケール(すなわち、25nSパルスおよび102μm2)で電気特性の実行可能性(viability)を示すことができないことである。市場の傾向は、ますます短くなっている時間スケールで、より小さいキャパシタ面積で動作するデバイスに向かっているので、スケーリングの問題は将来のデバイスの成功には重要である。
電荷:Q=(1/RS)∫VdV
QSW=(S0+S1)−(P0+P1)
ここで、S0およびS1は、第1反転パルスの立ち上がり応答パルスおよび立ち下り応答パルスであり、P0およびP1は、第1の非反転パルスの立ち上がりパルスおよび立ち下がりパルスである(図11)。
本発明のPZT材料は、集積回路メモリにおいて有用に採用される。そのスケーラビリティ(寸法的にスケーラブルである、および/または、特徴において電界スケーラブルである)によって、この材料は、例えば約20ナノメートルから約150ナノメートルである広い厚さ範囲、および、0.15μmまで低く延在する横寸法の範囲に亘って、例えばFeRAMである強誘電性薄膜キャパシタ構造における使用に特に適している。本発明のPZT材料は、アクセプタドーピングまたは膜改質剤(例えば、Nb、Ta、La、Sr、Ca等)の使用といったPZT膜改質技術を用いることなく、液体供給MOCVDによって容易に形成されうる。
Claims (13)
- 溶媒媒体に溶解若しくは懸濁させた鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンの前駆体を含む液体前駆体溶液の混合液であって、
前記鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンの前駆体が、リガンド交換を受けておらず、
前記溶媒媒体がオクタン、デカン及びポリアミンを含み、
前記前駆体がPb(thd)2pmdeta、Zr(iOPr)2(thd)2、及びTi(iOPr)2(thd)2を含む、
液体前駆体溶液の混合液。 - 前記溶媒媒体は5:4:1の割合でオクタン、デカン及びポリアミンを含む、
請求項1に記載の液体前駆体溶液の混合液。 - 前記混合液は蒸発させられる、
請求項1に記載の液体前駆体溶液の混合液。 - 前記混合液は、前記液体前駆体溶液の混合液の組成比と同じ気相組成を実現するように蒸発させられる、
請求項1に記載の液体前駆体溶液の混合液。 - 0.612〜1.53のA/B比を有する、
(但し、A/B比はPb/(Zr+Ti)である)
請求項1に記載の液体前駆体溶液の混合液。 - 鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンの前駆体を含む前駆体蒸気組成物であって、
前記鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンの前駆体が、リガンド交換を受けておらず、
前記前駆体組成物がオクタン、デカン及びポリアミンを含み、
前記前駆体がPb(thd)2pmdeta、Zr(iOPr)2(thd)2、及びTi(iOPr)2(thd)2を含む、
前駆体蒸気組成物。 - 5:4:1の割合でオクタン、デカン及びポリアミンを含む、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - 0.612〜1.53のA/B比を有する、
(但し、A/B比はPb/(Zr+Ti)である)
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - 基板上に強誘電体PZTフィルムを製造するのに使用される、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - 100℃から300℃の温度を有する、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - Ar、N2、H2、He及びNH3からなる群から選択されるキャリアガスを含む、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - O2、N2O、O3及びその混合物からなる群から選択される酸化共反応ガスを含む、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。 - 0.1から760torrの範囲の圧力を有する、
請求項6に記載の前駆体蒸気組成物。
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JP2003517703A (ja) | 2003-05-27 |
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US20130324390A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
KR100702925B1 (ko) | 2007-04-05 |
US20110097478A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
KR20010109297A (ko) | 2001-12-08 |
JP2016033262A (ja) | 2016-03-10 |
WO2000049646A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
JP2013177697A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
US20060115596A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
JP2013243133A (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
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