JP6141380B2 - 強誘電性PZT膜及びその製造方法、キャパシタ、並びにFeRAMデバイス - Google Patents
強誘電性PZT膜及びその製造方法、キャパシタ、並びにFeRAMデバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP6141380B2 JP6141380B2 JP2015201730A JP2015201730A JP6141380B2 JP 6141380 B2 JP6141380 B2 JP 6141380B2 JP 2015201730 A JP2015201730 A JP 2015201730A JP 2015201730 A JP2015201730 A JP 2015201730A JP 6141380 B2 JP6141380 B2 JP 6141380B2
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
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Description
選択された鉛前駆体は、鉛ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Pb(thd)2]であった。この化合物は室温では感知できるほどの蒸気圧を有さないので、テトラアルキル鉛試薬よりも取り扱いが安全である。しかし、Pb(thd)2の低い揮発度(180℃で0.05トール)によって、液体前駆体供給の使用が必要となる。チタンビス(イソプロポキシド)ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Ti(O−i−Pr)2(thd)2]を、チタン前駆体として用いた。ジルコニウムテトラキス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−3,5−ヘプタンジオネート)[Zr(thd)4]を、Zr原試薬として用いた。これらの化合物は有機媒体中に非常に溶解し易く、また、チタン原子が配位的に飽和しているので、有害な配位子交換が生じない。
様々なPb/(Zr+Ti)比を有する溶液を、一連の堆積ランに用いた。この比率は、以下、(A/B)gとして定義され、これは、ペロブスカイトセル、ABO3における、Pbの「A」部位への、および、ZrならびにTiそれぞれの「B」部位への従来の割当てを示す。下付き文字gは反応チャンバにおける気相濃度を示し、その一方で(A/B)fは膜における当量比を示す。
中央複合計画(central-composite-design)実験を用いて大きい容量のプロセス空間を調べ、主たるプロセス変数間の相互作用を評価した。堆積温度(550、575、600℃)および圧力(500、1750、3000mTorr)を、5つの異なる(A/B)g値(0.53、0.73、0.93、1.13、1.53)において独立して変化させた。1660秒の一定堆積時間を用いた。
代替の酸化ジルコニウム前駆体が必要となり、これらは、Zr(thd)4よりも揮発性が高く、またさらに、例えばPb(thd)2の表面分解により適合するように低い熱安定性を有する。
本発明に従って形成されたPZT材料を用いて多数のサンプルが作成された。これらのサンプルは、スパッタリング技術によって下部電極を形成し、これらの電極上に本発明に従ってPZT材料を堆積し、その後、電子ビーム堆積によってシャドウマスクを介して上部電極を堆積することを含む。PZT堆積時間は、10nmから260nmの膜厚を目標に165秒から4065秒の間で変化させられた。
強誘電性材料の開発の際の試験機器およびサンプル作成を簡略化するために、電気的試験は、約1mSのパルス幅と、約104μm2のキャパシタ面積を用いて従来から行われている。この試験レジメンの欠点は、デバイスに適したスケール(すなわち、25nSパルスおよび102μm2)で電気特性の実行可能性(viability)を示すことができないことである。市場の傾向は、ますます短くなっている時間スケールで、より小さいキャパシタ面積で動作するデバイスに向かっているので、スケーリングの問題は将来のデバイスの成功には重要である。
電荷:Q=(1/RS)∫VdV
QSW=(S0+S1)−(P0+P1)
ここで、S0およびS1は、第1反転パルスの立ち上がり応答パルスおよび立ち下り応答パルスであり、P0およびP1は、第1の非反転パルスの立ち上がりパルスおよび立ち下がりパルスである(図11)。
本発明のPZT材料は、集積回路メモリにおいて有用に採用される。そのスケーラビリティ(寸法的にスケーラブルである、および/または、特徴において電界スケーラブルである)によって、この材料は、例えば約20ナノメートルから約150ナノメートルである広い厚さ範囲、および、0.15μmまで低く延在する横寸法の範囲に亘って、例えばFeRAMである強誘電性薄膜キャパシタ構造における使用に特に適している。本発明のPZT材料は、アクセプタドーピングまたは膜改質剤(例えば、Nb、Ta、La、Sr、Ca等)の使用といったPZT膜改質技術を用いることなく、液体供給MOCVDによって容易に形成されうる。
Claims (13)
- 基板上にドープされていない強誘電性PZT膜を製作する方法であって、温度、圧力、および液体前駆体溶液A/B比(A/B比はPb対(Zr+Ti)の比率)のそれぞれの関数として、強誘電性分極、漏れ電流密度、およびPZT膜における鉛の原子百分率のそれぞれを示すプロットの相関実験的マトリクスからのプラトー効果決定によって決められる温度、圧力、および液体前駆体溶液A/B比を含むMOCVD条件下での前記基板上への液体供給MOCVDにより前記膜を形成することを含み、
前記液体前駆体溶液は、鉛、ジルコニウム及びチタンの前駆体と、溶媒媒体とを含み、
前記鉛前駆体が、Pb(thd) 2 およびPb(thd) 2 pmdetaからなる群から選択され、
前記ジルコニウム前駆体が、Zr(thd) 4 およびZr(O−i−Pr) 2 (thd) 2 から構成される群から選択され、
前記チタン前駆体が、Ti(O−i−Pr) 2 (thd) 2 であり、
前記溶媒媒体が、テトラヒドロフラン、グリム溶媒、アルコール、炭化水素溶媒、ハイドロアリール(hydroaryl)溶媒、アミン類、ポリアミン類、および上述の2以上の混合体からなる群から選択される1つ以上の溶媒種を含む、
方法。 - 前記強誘電性PZT膜は20から150ナノメートルの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒媒体は、8:2:1の体積比でテトラヒドロフラン:イソプロパノール:テトラグリムを含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒媒体は、5:4:1の体積比でオクタン:デカン:ポリアミンを含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒媒体は、9:1の体積比でオクタン:ポリアミンを含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒媒体は、テトラヒドロフランを含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は貴金属を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は、イリジウム、プラチナ、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される貴金属を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記基板は、イリジウム層によって覆われるTiAlNバリア層を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記液体供給MOCVDは、前駆体蒸気を形成するための前記液体前駆体溶液の蒸発と、前駆体蒸気をキャリアガス中でCVDチャンバへと流すこととを含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記キャリアガスは、アルゴン、ヘリウム、およびそれらの混合体からなる群から選択される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- O2、O3、N2O、およびO2/N2Oから構成される群から選択される少なくとも1つの種を含む酸化剤を前記CVDチャンバに流すことをさらに含む、請求項10または11に記載の方法。
- FeRAMデバイスを製造するためのプロセスにおいて実行される、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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US7344589B2 (en) | 2008-03-18 |
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JP2003517703A (ja) | 2003-05-27 |
JP2013145745A (ja) | 2013-07-25 |
US20020014644A1 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
US7705382B2 (en) | 2010-04-27 |
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US20130324390A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
JP5329709B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
KR100702925B1 (ko) | 2007-04-05 |
US20110097478A1 (en) | 2011-04-28 |
KR20010109297A (ko) | 2001-12-08 |
JP2016033262A (ja) | 2016-03-10 |
WO2000049646A1 (en) | 2000-08-24 |
JP2013177697A (ja) | 2013-09-09 |
US20060115596A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
JP2013243133A (ja) | 2013-12-05 |
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