JP5204645B2 - 強化した応力伝送効率でコンタクト絶縁層を形成する技術 - Google Patents
強化した応力伝送効率でコンタクト絶縁層を形成する技術 Download PDFInfo
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Description
よって、チャネル長を縮小すること、および、これに関連づけてチャネル抵抗を低減することで、チャネル長を集積回路の動作速度を上げるための主要なデザイン基準とする。
この点における1つの主要な課題としては、新たなデバイス世代のために、トランジスタのゲート電極のような限界寸法の回路素子を確実に再現して生成するための強化されたフォトリソグラフィおよびエッチングストラテジーを構築することが挙げられる。
さらに、所望のチャネル制御性と組み合わせてシート抵抗率およびコンタクト抵抗率を低くするために、ドレインおよびソース領域においては、横方向だけでなく、垂直方向においても、高度に洗練されたドーパントプロファイルが求められる。
従って、チャネル長を縮小することで、ゲート絶縁層およびチャネル領域によって形成された境界に対してドレインおよびソース領域の深さも浅くしなければならないので、高度な注入技術が求められる。
他のアプローチによれば、エピタキシャル成長させた領域は隆起したドレインおよびソース領域とも称され、このような領域は、ゲート絶縁層に対して浅いPN接合を維持しながら、隆起したドレインおよびソース領域の伝導率を増加するために、ゲート電極から所定の量だけずらして形成される。
トランジスタのチャネル領域に対して、この領域に歪みを生成する効率的な応力伝送メカニズムを得るために、チャネル領域付近に設けられるコンタクトライナ層をチャネル領域に近接して位置決めしなければならない。
1つの実施形態においては、この内部スペーサ107は窒化シリコンから構成されてもよく、また、基板101の水平部分およびゲート電極102の上部にも形成されるライナ108は、二酸化シリコンから構成されてもよい。このような材料組成に関しては、エッチ選択性の高い、複数の十分に確立された異方性エッチングレシピが知られている。他の実施形態では、内部スペーサ107は、二酸化シリコンあるいは酸窒化シリコンから構成されてもよく、一方でライナ108は、十分に確立された異方性エッチングレシピに対して適度に高いエッチ選択性を同じように示すよう、窒化シリコンから構成されてもよい。デバイス100は、外部スペーサ素子109をさらに含んでもよい。
外部スペーサを取り除くプロセスは金属シリサイドの前洗浄プロセスと組み合わせて、フロントエンドライン(Front End of Line:FEoL)で実行され、これにより、金属のクロスコンタミネーションを防ぐことができる。本発明による利益を享受し得る当業者であれば、本発明に関して等価の範囲内で種々の変形及び実施が可能であることは明らかであることから、上述の個々の実施形態は、例示的なものに過ぎない。
例えば、上述した方法における各ステップは、その実行順序を変えることもできる。更に上述した構成あるいは設計の詳細は、なんら本発明を限定することを意図するものではなく、請求の範囲の記載にのみ限定されるものである。従って、上述した特定の実施形態は、変形及び修正が可能であることは明らかであり、このようなバリエーションは、本発明の趣旨及び範囲内のものである。従って、本発明の保護は、請求の範囲によってのみ限定されるものである。
Claims (6)
- 少なくとも内部スペーサ素子および外部スペーサ素子を備えたゲート電極構造を含むトランジスタ素子を形成するステップを含む方法であって、
前記トランジスタ素子は、
半導体領域の上方にゲート電極を形成するステップと、
オフセットスペーサ素子を前記ゲート電極の側壁に近接して形成するステップと、
前記オフセットスペーサ素子上に、前記少なくとも1つの内部スペーサ素子を前記ゲート電極の側壁に近接して形成するステップと、
前記少なくとも1つの内部スペーサ素子と前記外部スペーサ素子とを分離するためにエッチストップ層を形成するステップと、
前記外部スペーサ素子を形成するためにスペーサ材料層を堆積し、前記スペーサ材料層を異方性エッチングするステップと、
前記外部スペーサ素子をエッチングマスクとして使用して前記エッチストップ層をエッチングするステップと、
前記内部および外部スペーサ素子を注入マスクとして使用してドレイン/ソース領域を形成するステップと、
前記側壁の少なくとも一部を露出するために、前記オフセットスペーサ素子の少なくとも一部および前記外部スペーサ素子を取り除くステップと、
前記エッチストップ層をマスクとして使用して前記ドレイン/ソース領域と、前記ゲート電極の前記側壁の露出した部分および上面とにシリサイド領域を形成するステップと、
前記トランジスタ素子の上方に応力コンタクトライナ層を形成するステップと、
によって形成される、方法。 - 前記内部スペーサ素子107を形成する前に前記オフセットスペーサ素子上にライナ108を形成するステップをさらに含み、前記ライナ108は前記内部スペーサ素子107を形成する間、エッチストップ層として機能するように構成される、請求項1記載の方法。
- 少なくとも内部スペーサ素子および外部スペーサ素子を備えた第1ゲート電極構造を有する第1トランジスタ素子を形成するステップを有し、
少なくとも内部スペーサ素子および外部スペーサ素子を備えた第2ゲート電極202構造を有する第2トランジスタ素子を形成するステップを有し、この第1および第2トランジスタ素子を形成するステップでは、半導体領域の上方に第1および第2ゲート電極を形成し、該第1および第2ゲート電極の側壁に近接してオフセットスペーサを形成し、前記オフセットスペーサに近接して前記少なくとも1つの内部スペーサ素子を形成し、前記少なくとも1つの内部スペーサ素子と前記外部スペーサ素子とを分離するためにエッチストップ層を形成し、スペーサ材料層を堆積し、前記外部スペーサ素子を形成するために前記スペーサ材料層を異方性エッチングし、前記外部スペーサ素子をエッチングマスクとして使用して前記内部および外部スペーサ素子を分離している前記エッチストップ層をエッチングし、かつ、前記内部および外部スペーサ素子を注入マスクとして使用してドレイン/ソース領域を形成し、
前記側壁の一部を露出するために、前記第1および第2ゲート電極構造の前記オフセットスペーサ素子の少なくとも一部と前記外部スペーサ素子とを取り除くステップを有し、
前記外部スペーサ素子を取り除いた後、前記エッチストップ層をマスクとして使用して、前記第1および第2トランジスタ素子のドレイン/ソース領域と、前記第1および第2ゲート電極の前記側壁の露出した部分および上面とにシリサイド領域を形成するステップを有し、
前記第1トランジスタ素子上方に第1内部応力を有する第1コンタクトライナ層を形成し、かつ、前記第2トランジスタ素子上方に第2内部応力を有する第2コンタクトライナ層を形成するステップを有する方法。 - 前記第1と第2内部応力とは異なるものである、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記第1および第2コンタクトライナ層を形成するステップでは、前記第1および第2トランジスタ素子の上方に前記第1内部応力を有するコンタクトライナ層を堆積し、および、前記第2内部応力を得るために前記第2トランジスタ素子の上方に形成された前記コンタクトライナ層を選択的に緩和する、請求項3記載の方法。
- 前記第1および第2コンタクトライナ層を形成するステップでは、前記第1および第2トランジスタ素子の上方に第1内部応力を有するコンタクトライナ層を堆積し、前記第2トランジスタ素子の上方の前記コンタクトライナ層の一部を選択的に取り除き、および、前記第1および第2トランジスタ素子の上方に前記第2内部応力を有するコンタクトライナ層をさらに堆積する、請求項3記載の方法。
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Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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