JP4704039B2 - 多孔性ビーズおよびその製造方法 - Google Patents
多孔性ビーズおよびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4704039B2 JP4704039B2 JP2004523952A JP2004523952A JP4704039B2 JP 4704039 B2 JP4704039 B2 JP 4704039B2 JP 2004523952 A JP2004523952 A JP 2004523952A JP 2004523952 A JP2004523952 A JP 2004523952A JP 4704039 B2 JP4704039 B2 JP 4704039B2
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- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
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- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
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Description
P. Hainey等、Macromolecules 1991, 24, 117 N. R. Cameron等、Adv. Polym. Sci. 1996, 126, 163 A. Barobtainta等、Chem Commun., 2000, 221
多孔率および標準粒度分布などの従来技術のポリマービーズの望ましい特性を多数持っている。ビーズは、高内部相エマルション(HIPE)からまたは、内部相体積が、HIPE限界74.05%より小さいエマルションから作製することができる。詳しくは、親水性多孔性ビーズは水などの溶媒に容易に溶解することができ、フレーム構造内に含まれるどのような活性物質も非常に速く放出することができる。親水性高分子量ビーズは、使用の際にビーズの溶解を助けることができるマクロ多孔性構造を含む。このように得られたビーズは規則的細孔を有し、高多孔性である。細孔は、連続し、表面に開放していることが好ましい。ビーズを、球状にでき、ビーズの粒度を非常に綿密に制御することができる。他のHIPEベースの多孔性ビーズと異なり、本発明のビーズは、架橋されている必要はない、とはいえある種の適用分野では、架橋剤によって高分子量成分を化学的に架橋することが望ましいことがある。本発明の1つの好ましい実施形態では、このビーズ形態は界面活性剤部分を含み、界面活性剤は、ビーズ構造全体を通じて組み込まれている。このビーズ形態は、例えば、同位体トレーサーまたは検出器の運搬体、アフィニティークロマトグラフィー、酵素固定、薬物送達および洗浄剤などの生物医学および化学分野で、いくつかの用途に適していることは明らかであろう。
a) 水相、有機相および親水性ポリマー材料を含むエマルションを用意する工程と、
b) エマルションを凍結するために有効な温度で、流体媒体を用意する工程と、
c) エマルションの液滴と流体媒体を、凍結液滴を形成するのに有効な時間、接触させる工程と、
d) 凍結した液滴を単離する工程と、さらに
e) 液滴を凍結乾燥してビーズを形成する工程とを含む方法である。
PVA5重量%水溶液: 2.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.31g
ジクロロメタン: 6.0ml
PVA5重量%水溶液: 4.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.60g
ジクロロメタン: 4.0ml
エマルション鋳型なしにPVA多孔性ビーズを生成するために、実験を実施した。PVA(9,000〜10,000g/mol、10重量%)の水溶液を調製し、溶液を直接液体窒素中に注入した。この実験では、エマルション相は存在しなかった。凍結乾燥後、白色の均一PVAビーズが得られた。再び、ビーズは25℃で水に溶解することはできたが、溶解は実施例1で形成しより高多孔性のエマルション鋳型のビーズよりも著しく遅かった。
PEG15.35重量%水溶液: 4.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.60g
ジクロロメタン: 4.0ml
PEG15.35重量%水溶液: 2.0ml
メチルオレンジ: 0.006g
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
ジクロロメタン: 8.0ml
PE-PEO多孔性ビーズをエマルション鋳型なしに生成するために、実験を実施した。原則的に、両親媒性ブロック共重合体を、界面活性剤(エマルションを安定化するため)としても、ポリマーマトリックス自体としても使用することができる。ポリ(エチレン-b-エチレンオキシド)(EO含有量50%、Mw1,400g/mol)を、15℃で水に溶解して、飽和溶液を形成した。この溶液を液体窒素中に直接注入した(エマルション鋳型相なし)。凍結乾燥後、白色均一ビーズが得られた。
ポリ(アクリル酸、ナトリウム塩)10重量%溶液: 2.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.40g
5重量%のPVA溶液: 2.0ml
Dispersion Red 1/ジクロロメタン溶液: 4.0ml
液体窒素中に注入した場合、多孔性シリカビーズの内部構造を評価するために実験を実施した。LUDOXコロイド状シリカ(シリカ含有量=50%)溶液を直接液体窒素中に注入した。凍結乾燥後、均一な白色ビーズが得られた。内部構造を、図13に示す。これらのビーズは、水に不溶性であることが分かった。ビーズの表面積は119m2/gであり、これはコロイドシリカで観察された面積に類似していた(約140m2/g)。平均ビーズ粒度は、2.92mmであった。ビーズ直径の標準偏差は、7.54%であった。かさ密度は、0.65g/cm3であった。
PVA5重量%水溶液: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
Zn(NO3)2・6H2O 20重量%溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 4.0ml
ポリビニルピロリドン10重量%溶液: 2.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
シクロヘキサン: 6.0ml
PEG/金属ナノ粒子複合材料多孔性ビーズを生成するために実験を実施した。金ナノ粒子/ポリ(エチレングリコール)複合材料ビーズをこの実験で調製した。金ナノ粒子(50mg)を脱イオン水10mlに溶解した。得られた溶液の色は、暗赤色であった。次に、ポリ(エチレングリコール)(250mg、Mw=8,000g/mol)を ナノ粒子溶液4mlに溶解した。この溶液を液体窒素中に直接注入し、次いで、凍結乾燥機中に移した。
5重量%のPVA溶液: 2.5ml+2.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.45g
LUDOXコロイド状シリカ: 0.5ml
シクロヘキサン: 6.0ml
脱イオン水: 2.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
LUDOXコロイド状シリカ: 0.2ml
シクロヘキサン: 7.0ml
脱イオン水: 1.5ml
LUDOXコロイド状シリカ: 0.2ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 0.5ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
シクロヘキサン: 7.0ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
Zn(NO3)2・6H2O20重量%溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 7.0ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
ポリ(アクリル酸、Na塩)(Mw=5,100g/mol)、10重量%溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 8.0ml
脱イオン水: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.30g
ポリ(アクリル酸、Na塩)(Mw=5,100g/mol)、10重量%溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 8.0ml
エマルション鋳型なしに、PSS多孔性ビーズを生成するために実験を実施した。ポリ(4-スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム)(PSS、水中20重量%)の水溶液を液体窒素中に直接注入した。次いで、凍結乾燥後、ビーズを収集した。図18は、ビーズの光学的画像を示す。ビーズの内部構造は、実施例3で調製されたPVAビーズの内部構造に類似しているが、いくぶん多孔性が少ない。ビーズは機械的に硬質で、水にゆっくりと溶解した。平均ビーズ直径は、2.74mmであった。ビーズ直径の標準偏差は、4.07%であった。かさ密度は、0.247g/cm3であった。
脱イオン水: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.20g
PSS 20重量%溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 8.0ml
脱イオン水: 1.0ml
ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウム臭化物: 0.12g
TEOS溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 7.0ml
脱イオン水: 1.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.20g
Na2SiO3溶液: 1.0ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 1.0ml
シクロヘキサン: 9.0ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 3.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.40g
PS/シクロヘキサン溶液: 3.0ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 3.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.42g
PLGA/C2Cl2溶液: 3.5ml
5重量%のPVA溶液: 3.0ml
ドデシル硫酸ナトリウム(98%): 0.42g
PLGA/C2Cl2/染料溶液: 2.0ml
Claims (16)
- それぞれが水溶性ポリマー材料の三次元オープンセル格子を含み、ビーズ直径の標準偏差が0.2〜15%である多孔性の親水性ポリマービーズの集合体の製造方法であって、
a) 水相、有機相および親水性ポリマー材料を含むエマルションを用意する工程と、
b) エマルションを凍結するために有効な温度の流体媒体を用意する工程と、
c) 前記エマルションの液滴と流体媒体を、凍結液滴を形成するのに有効な時間、接触させる工程と、
d) 液滴を単離する工程と、さらに
e) 液滴を凍結乾燥してビーズを形成する工程であって、前記ビーズ格子からエマルションの水性成分を排気することにより少なくとも1種の細孔タイプが形成され、かつ前記ビーズ格子からエマルションの有機成分を排気することにより少なくとも1種の別の細孔タイプが形成される工程と
を含み、
前記格子がビーズ中に少なくとも3ml/gの貫入体積を形成する多孔性構造を有し、かつ前記格子が2種以上の別の細孔タイプを含み、
前記エマルションが50%〜80%の範囲の内部相を有する方法。 - 前記貫入体積が少なくとも3.5ml/gである請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記貫入体積が少なくとも4ml/gである請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記貫入体積が少なくとも4.5ml/gである請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記貫入体積が少なくとも5ml/gである請求項4に記載の方法。
- 活性成分が格子中に配置されている請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 凍結乾燥後、架橋剤によってビーズを化学的に架橋させる請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記エマルションが乳化剤を含む請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記エマルションが親水性ポリマー材料を溶解した連続水相および不連続内部有機相を含む請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリマー材料が、以下のポリマー群;ポリ(ビニルアルコール)、ポリ(エチレングリコール)、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)、ポリ(ビニルピロリドン)、ポリ(アクリル酸)、ポリ(アクリル酸)-ナトリウム塩、ポリ(アクリルアミド)、ポリ(スチレンスルホン酸ナトリウム)、ポリ(2-アクリルアミド-2-メチル-1-プロパンスルホン酸)および多糖類の1種または複数から選択される請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記有機相が、ヘプタン、n-ヘキサン、イソオクタン、ドデカン、デカン、トルエン、キシレン、シクロヘキサン、鉱油、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタンおよびテトラクロロエタンの1種または複数から選択された溶媒を含む請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記水相がビーズに組み込むための活性成分を含む請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記有機相がビーズに組み込むための疎水性の活性成分を含む請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 凍結媒体がビーズに組み込むための活性成分を含む請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記活性成分が、以下の群;医薬活性物質、医薬品塩、酵素、染料、酸化剤、洗浄剤、繊維柔軟剤、衣類手入れ剤、漂白剤、還元剤、フレーバー、芳香剤、金属ナノ粒子、ビタミンおよび栄養補助食品からの1種または複数から選択された請求項12から14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造される多孔性の親水性ポリマービーズの集合体。
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- 2003-07-29 WO PCT/GB2003/003226 patent/WO2004011537A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-07-29 JP JP2004523952A patent/JP4704039B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-29 DK DK03771174.4T patent/DK1527125T3/da active
- 2003-07-29 CN CNB038177609A patent/CN1290906C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-29 AU AU2003251349A patent/AU2003251349A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-07-29 BR BR0312281-6A patent/BR0312281A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-07-29 DE DE60334909T patent/DE60334909D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-07-29 US US10/522,485 patent/US7153572B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-07-29 EP EP03771174A patent/EP1527125B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE60334909D1 (de) | 2010-12-23 |
JP2005534741A (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
GB2399084A (en) | 2004-09-08 |
EP1527125B1 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
ATE487758T1 (de) | 2010-11-15 |
AU2003251349A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 |
WO2004011537A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
CN1671782A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
GB0217587D0 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
GB2399084B (en) | 2007-01-31 |
ES2355817T3 (es) | 2011-03-31 |
PT1527125E (pt) | 2011-02-09 |
EP1527125A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 |
US7153572B2 (en) | 2006-12-26 |
US20060154067A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 |
DK1527125T3 (da) | 2011-02-21 |
BR0312281A (pt) | 2005-04-12 |
CN1290906C (zh) | 2006-12-20 |
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