JP2019537850A - ソフトウェア制御のアンテナ - Google Patents
ソフトウェア制御のアンテナ Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
- H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/58—Structural electrical arrangements for semiconductor devices not otherwise provided for, e.g. in combination with batteries
- H01L23/64—Impedance arrangements
- H01L23/66—High-frequency adaptations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
- H01Q21/245—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction provided with means for varying the polarisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0442—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular tuning means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/06—Details
- H01Q9/14—Length of element or elements adjustable
- H01Q9/145—Length of element or elements adjustable by varying the electrical length
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
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- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
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- Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年9月1日に出願された米国仮出願第62/382,489号、2016年9月1日に出願された米国仮出願第62/382,506号、2016年12月7日に出願された米国仮出願第62/431,393号、2017年1月31日に出願された米国特許出願第15/421,388号、及び2017年7月19日に出願された米国特許出願第15/654,643号の優先権を主張するものであり、これらのすべての出願の開示内容は参照することにより本明細書に組み込まれる。
本発明はRFアンテナの設計及び動作に関し、特に、方向制御放射ビームを形成する放射素子のアレイを有するアンテナに関する。本発明は全方向性カバレッジ及び/又は3Dセミスフェリカルカバレッジを生じるアレイの組み合わせにも関する。
現在の通信の大半は無線で行われるか、さもなければ経路の少なくとも一部は無線である。すべての無線通信は送信側でも受信側でもアンテナを必要とする。一般に、送信の多くは全方向性アンテナを用いて行うことができる。このようなアンテナでは、送信電力が距離の3乗に反比例して低下する。従って、多くのユーザに到達するためには送信電力は通例指向性アンテナと比べてかなり高くなる。また、いくつかの全方向性アンテナ、例えばインターネットカフェ内の複数のデバイスが同時に動作すると、様々な送信が互いに干渉するか、少なくともその環境内における送信及び受信の品質が低下する可能性がある。
Claims (22)
- 上部誘電体層と、底部誘電体層と、前記上部誘電体層と前記底部誘電体層との間に挟まれた可変誘電率材料とを備える可変誘電率(VDC)層と、
前記VDC層の下に設けられた共通接地電極と、
前記VDC板の上に設けられた複数のアドレス可能な接点であって、各アドレス可能な接点は画素を画定し、前記画素の位置で前記VDC材料に電界を印加するように構成されている、複数のアドレス可能な接点と、
前記VDC層の上に設けられた少なくとも1つの放射素子と、
前記VDC層の上に設けられた少なくとも1つの遅延線であって、前記少なくとも1つの放射素子の各々が前記遅延線の少なくとも1つにRF結合されている、少なくとも1つの遅延線と、
前記前記VDC板の下に設けられ且つ前記少なくとも1つの遅延線に結合された少なくとも1つの導電給電線と、
を備える、アンテナ。 - 前記少なくとも1つの導電給電線は前記共通接地電極に形成された開口を介して前記少なくとも1つの遅延線に結合されている、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電給電線は前記共通接地電極に形成された開口を貫通する接点により前記少なくとも1つの遅延線に結合されている、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記VDC層の上に設けられたカバー絶縁層を更に備え、前記少なくとも1つの放射素子は前記カバー絶縁層の上に設けられている、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの遅延線は前記カバー絶縁層の下に設けられている、請求項4に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの遅延線を前記対応する少なくとも1つの放射素子に結合するために前記カバー絶縁層に形成されたビアを備える、請求項5に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの遅延線の各々は蛇行線として形成されている、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの遅延線は複数の遅延線を含み、前記複数の遅延線のサブグループが導電線で相互接続されている、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電給電線は前記導電線に結合されている、請求項8に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記少なくとも1つの導電給電線は前記導電線に前記導電線の幾何中心点で結合されている、請求項9に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記VDC材料は液晶材料を含む、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記上部誘電体層及び前記底部誘電体層の少なくとも1つはロジャース、PTFE(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン)、又はPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)を含む、請求項1に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記カバー絶縁層はガラス、ロジャース、PTFE(ポリテトラフルオロエチレン)、又はPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)を含む、請求項4に記載のアンテナ。
- 上部誘電体層と、底部誘電体層と、前記上部誘電体層と前記底部誘電体層との間に挟まれた可変誘電率材料とを備える可変誘電率(VDC)層と、
前記VDC層の下に設けられた共通接地電極と、
前記VDC板の上に設けられた複数のアドレス可能な接点であって、各アドレス可能な接点が画素を画定し、前記画素の位置で前記VDC材料に電界を印加するように構成された、複数のアドレス可能な接点と、
前記VDC層の上に設けられた複数の放射素子と、
前記VDC層の上に設けられた複数の遅延線であって、前記放射素子の各々が前記遅延線の少なくとも1つにRF結合さている、複数の遅延線と、
前記前記VDC板の下に設けられた複数の導電給電線であって、前記複数の給電線の各々が前記複数の遅延線の1つに結合されている、複数の導電給電線と、
を備える、アンテナ。 - 前記複数の放射素子の各々は前記複数の遅延線の2つに結合されている、請求項14に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記共通接地電極は複数の開口を備え、前記複数の導電給電線の各々は前記複数の開口の1つを経て対応する遅延線に結合されている、請求項14に記載のアンテナ。
- 各開口は前記給電線中を移動するRF信号の波長の半分の長さ及び前記給電線中を移動するRF信号の波長の10分の1の幅を有する、請求項16に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記給電線の終端部は前記開口を超えて、前記給電線中を移動するRF信号の約4分の1の距離Dだけ延長している、請求項17に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記遅延線の終端部は前記開口を超えて、前記遅延線中を移動するRF信号の約4分の1の距離Eだけ延長している、請求項18に記載のアンテナ。
- 複数の仮想チョークを更に備え、前記複数の導電給電線の各々が前記複数の仮想チョークの1つを経て対応する遅延線に結合されている、請求項14に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記複数の給電線の各々はRF短絡を経て対応する遅延線に結合されている、請求項14に記載のアンテナ。
- 前記複数の遅延線の各々は、一端が前記複数の放射素子の1つに結合され、他端が前記複数の給電線の1つに結合された蛇行導電線を備える、請求項14に記載のアンテナ。
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US201662382489P | 2016-09-01 | 2016-09-01 | |
US201662382506P | 2016-09-01 | 2016-09-01 | |
US62/382,506 | 2016-09-01 | ||
US62/382,489 | 2016-09-01 | ||
US201662431393P | 2016-12-07 | 2016-12-07 | |
US62/431,393 | 2016-12-07 | ||
US15/421,388 | 2017-01-31 | ||
US15/421,388 US10199710B2 (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2017-01-31 | Variable dielectric constant-based devices |
US15/654,643 US10326205B2 (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2017-07-19 | Multi-layered software defined antenna and method of manufacture |
US15/654,643 | 2017-07-19 | ||
PCT/US2017/045186 WO2018044488A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 | 2017-08-02 | Software controlled antenna |
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WO2021186596A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-18 | 2021-09-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | アンテナ装置 |
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