JP2018503933A - 安全性が向上した電極組立体、その製造方法及びその電極組立体を含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
安全性が向上した電極組立体、その製造方法及びその電極組立体を含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2018503933A JP2018503933A JP2017519476A JP2017519476A JP2018503933A JP 2018503933 A JP2018503933 A JP 2018503933A JP 2017519476 A JP2017519476 A JP 2017519476A JP 2017519476 A JP2017519476 A JP 2017519476A JP 2018503933 A JP2018503933 A JP 2018503933A
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Classifications
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- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/44—Fibrous material
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
- H01M10/0562—Solid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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Abstract
Description
前記有機物多孔性コーティング層を構成する有機物粒子が、180℃以下の融点を有することができる。
前記(b)段階または(c)段階を行ってから(d)段階を行う前、多孔性コーティング層(前記無機物多孔性コーティング層及び/又は前記有機物多孔性コーティング層)と、電極との結着のためにラミネートする工程を行うことができる。
に正極活物質層2´が形成されており、前記正極活物質層2´の表面に無機物多孔性コー
ティング層3´が形成されており、前記有機物多孔性コーティング層3と無機物多孔性コ
ーティング層3´とが対面している構成を有する電極組立体Aを考慮することができる。
以下、本発明について詳しく説明する。
1)電極の上に形成される有機物多孔性コーティング層及び無機物多孔性コーティング層は、正極と負極との短絡を防止するだけでなく、有機物多孔性コーティング層が電池の異常高温時、シャットダウン機能を発現して電池の安全性を向上させ、コーティング層に形成された気孔構造によって電解質伝達能力を有する。即ち、セパレータの役割を有する。
6)電極とセパレータとが一体に製造されるので、電気化学素子の製造工程を単純化することができる。
1−1.有機物多孔性コーティング層が形成された負極の製造
正極活物質層としてのリチウムコバルト複合酸化物(LiCoO2)92重量%、導電材としてのカーボンブラック4重量%、結合剤としてのPVdF 4重量%を、溶剤であるN−メチル−2−ピロリドン(NMP)に添加して正極スラリーを製造した。前記正極スラリーを厚さが20μmの正極集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布して乾燥し、正極活物質層が形成された正極を製造した後、ロールプレス(roll press)を施した。
前述のように製造された負極の有機物多孔性コーティング層と正極の無機物多孔性コーティング層とが相互対面するようにして積層方式を用いて組み立て、通常のポリオレフィン系セパレータは、別に用いなかった。組み立られた電池に電解液(エチレンカーボネート(EC)/プロピレンカーボネート(PC) /ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)=30/20/50重量%、リチウムヘキクサフルオロホスフェート(LiPF6)1モール)を注入することで、リチウム二次電池を製造した。
負極活物質層の表面に、4g/m2量の有機物粒子が形成されるように有機物多孔性コーティング層の形成のためのスラリーを負極活物質層の上にコーティングすることを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
負極活物質層の表面に、有機物多孔性コーティング層を形成しなかったことを除いては、実施例1と同様の方法で電極及び電池を製造した。
実施例1、2及び比較例1で製造された、電池容量が11.0mAhである各リチウム二次電池を常温で0.2Cの放電速度で充放電するときの容量を測定し、その結果を図2a〜図2cに実線のグラフで示した。この結果から、実施例1、2及び比較例1におけるリチウム二次電池のいずれにおいても設計値水準の容量が具現されたことが分かった。
Claims (13)
- 電極組立体であって、
正極集電体、正極活物質層及び多孔性コーティング層が順次積層してなる正極と、及び
負極集電体、負極活物質層及び多孔性コーティング層が順次積層してなる負極とを備えてなり、
前記正極における多孔性コーティング層と、前記負極における多孔性コーティング層のいずれか一方が有機物多孔性コーティング層であり、他方が無機物多孔性コーティング層であり、
前記有機物多孔性コーティング層と前記無機物多孔性コーティング層とが対面してなる、電極組立体。 - 前記有機物多孔性コーティング層を構成する有機物粒子が、180℃以下の融点を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記有機物多孔性コーティング層が、高密度ポリエチレン、低密度ポリエチレン、線状低密度ポリエチン、ポリプロピレン、高結晶性ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン−プロピレン共重合体、ポリエチレン−ブチレン共重合体、ポリエチレン−ヘキセン共重合体、ポリエチレン−オクテン共重合体、ポリスチレン−ブチレン−スチレン共重合体、ポリスチレン−エチレン−ブチレン−スチレン共重合体、ポリスチレン、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリスルホン、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、ポリアクリレート、ポリビニリデンクロライド、ポリビニリデンフルオライド、ポリシロキシサン、ポリオレフィン、アイオノマー、ポリメチルペンテン、水素添加オリゴシクロペンタジエン、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群より選択された一種又は二種以上の混合物から形成された粒子であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記有機物多孔性コーティング層が、0.1〜7g/m2の量で電極活物質層の表面に塗布されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記無機物多孔性コーティング層が、誘電定数が5以上である無機物粒子、リチウムイオン伝達能力を有する無機物粒子、又はこれらの混合物を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記誘電定数が5以上である無機物粒子が、BaTiO3、Pb(Zr,Ti)O3(PZT)、Pb1-xLaxZr1-yTiyO3(PLZT)、Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3(PMN−PT)、ハフニア(HfO2)、SrTiO3、SnO2、CeO2、MgO、NiO、CaO、ZnO、ZrO2、Y2O3、Al2O3、TiO2、又はこれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記リチウムイオン伝達能力を有する無機物粒子が、リチウムホスフェート(Li3PO4)、リチウムチタンホスフェート(LixTiy(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムアルミニウムチタンホスフェート(LixAlyTiz(PO4)3、0<x<2、0<y<1、0<z<3)、(LiAlTiP)xOy系ガラス(0<x<4、0<y<13)、リチウムランタンチタネート(LixLayTiO3、0<x<2、0<y<3)、リチウムゲルマニウムチオホスフェート(LixGeyPzSw、0<x<4、0<y<1、0<z<1、0<w<5)、リチウムニトライド(LixNy、0<x<4、0<y<2)、SiS2系ガラス(LixSiySz、0<x<3、0<y<2、0<z<4)、P2S5系ガラス(LixPySz、0<x<3、0<y<3、0<z<7)、又はこれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記無機物多孔性コーティング層が、1〜30g/m2の量で電極活物質層の表面に塗布されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記無機物粒子が0.1〜1.0μm範囲の直径を有してなり、
前記有機物粒子が0.05〜1.0μm範囲の直径を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 請求項1〜9の何れか一項に記載の電極組立体を備えてなる、電気化学素子。
- 前記電気化学素子が、リチウム二次電池であることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の電気化学素子。
- 電極組立体の製造方法であって、
(a)電極合剤スラリーを集電体の上に塗布して電極を製造する段階と、
(b)無機物粒子を含むスラリーを製造し、一方の電極活物質層の表面にコーティング及び乾燥して無機物多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階と、
(c)有機物粒子を含むスラリーを製造し、他方の電極活物質層の表面にコーティング及び乾燥して有機物多孔性コーティング層を形成する段階と、及び
(d)前記無機物多孔性コーティング層と前記有機物多孔性コーティング層とが対面するように前記電極を積層する段階とを含んでなる、電極組立体の製造方法。 - 前記(b)段階又は前記(c)段階の後に、かつ、前記(d)段階の前に、
前記無機物多孔性コーティング層及び/又は前記有機物多孔性コーティング層と、前記電極との結着のためにラミネートする工程を更に含んでなることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の電極組立体の製造方法。
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EP3190652B1 (en) | 2019-08-14 |
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US20170309915A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
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US10629913B2 (en) | 2020-04-21 |
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CN107004808A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
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