JP2016166210A - マイクロチャネル技術を用いるフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成ならびに新規な触媒およびマイクロチャネル反応器 - Google Patents
マイクロチャネル技術を用いるフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成ならびに新規な触媒およびマイクロチャネル反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】マイクロチャネル反応器を通してH2とCOとを含む反応体組成物を流してフィッシャー・トロプシュ触媒と接触させ、前記反応体組成物を少なくとも5個の炭素原子を有する少なくとも一つの脂肪族炭化水素を含む生成物に変換させる工程であって、前記触媒は担体に担持されたCoを含み、前記マイクロチャネル反応器は前記触媒を含む複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルからなり、各プロセスマイクロチャネルは、最大10mmの範囲の幅または高さの内部寸法を有し、前記触媒は固体粒子の固定床の形であり、前記固体粒子の中央値粒子直径は、1〜1000μmの範囲にあり、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから熱交換器に熱を移動させる工程、および前記マイクロチャネル反応器から前記生成物を取り出す工程を含むプロセス。
【選択図】なし
Description
CoM1 aM2 bOx
で表される組成物を含むとよい。式中、M1は、Fe、Ni、Ru、Re、Osまたはそれらの混合物であり、一つの実施態様では、M1は、RuまたはReあるいはそれらの混合物であり、M2は、Li、B、Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、Sc、Y、La、Ac、Ti、Zr、La、Ac、CeまたはTh、あるいはそれらの二つ以上の混合物であり、aはゼロから約0.5、一つの実施態様ではゼロから約0.2の範囲の数であり、bはゼロから約0.5、一つの実施態様ではゼロから約0.1の範囲の数であり、xは、存在する元素の原子価要件を満たすために必要な酸素の数である。
一つの実施態様では約220℃から約270℃、一つの実施態様では約220℃から約250℃の範囲であるとよい。
(1)Al2O3担体(1.0グラム)を650℃で1時間焼成する。担体は、200
m2/gのブリュナウアー・エメット・テラー(Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller)(BET)表面積および0.69cm3/gのバレット・ジョイナー・ハレンダ(Barret‐Joyner‐Halenda)(BJH)細孔容積を有する。
(2)0.7mlの含浸溶液Aを用いて第一の含浸を実行して7.9重量%のCoおよび1.2%重量%のReの全担持率を得る。
(3)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥させ、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(4)工程(3)からの触媒は、183m2/gのBET表面積および0.57cm3/gのBJH細孔容積を有する。
(5)0.57mlの含浸溶液Bを用いて第二の含浸を実行して13重量%のCoおよび2.0重量%のReの総担持率を得る。
(6)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥させ、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(7)工程(6)からの触媒は、162m2/gのBET表面積および0.48cm3/gのBJH細孔容積を有する。
(8)0.48mlの含浸溶液Cを用いて第三の含浸を実行して19重量%のCoおよび2.9重量%のReの総担持率を得る。
(9)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥させ、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(10)工程(9)からの触媒は、144m2/gのBET表面積および0.41cm3/gのBJH細孔容積を有する。
(11)0.41mlの含浸溶液Dを用いて第四の含浸を実行する。結果は、25重量%のCoおよび3.6重量%のReの総担持率である。
(12)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥させ、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(13)化学吸着試験を実行する。結果は、6.2%のCo分散率である。
(1)Al2O3担体(1グラム)を650℃で1時間焼成する。担体は、200m2/gのBET表面積および0.69cm3/gのBJH細孔容積を有する。
(2)0.69mlの含浸溶液を用いて第一の含浸を実行して11.0重量%のCoおよび1.7%重量%のReの全担持率を得る。
(3)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥し、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(4)細孔容積を0.52cm3/gと想定する。
(5)0.66mlの含浸溶液を用いて第二の含浸を実行して18重量%のCoおよび2.8重量%のReの総担持率を得る。
(6)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥し、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(7)細孔容積を0.435cm3/gと想定する。
(8)0.63mlの含浸溶液を用いて第三の含浸を実行して24重量%のCoおよび3.6重量%のReの総担持率を得る。
(9)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥し、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(10)細孔容積を0.39cm3/gと想定する。
(11)0.61mlの含浸溶液を用いて第四の含浸を実行して28重量%のCoおよび4.2重量%のReの総担持率の結果を得る。
(12)触媒を90℃で12時間乾燥し、次に毎分5℃の速度で温度を250℃に上げた後、温度を250℃に2時間維持することによって焼成する。
(13)化学吸着試験は、6.3%のCo分散率を示す。触媒は、107m2/gのBET表面積および0.28cm3/gのBJH細孔容積を有する。
Claims (12)
- H2とCOとを含む反応体組成物を、少なくとも5個の炭素原子を有する少なくとも一つの脂肪族炭化水素を含む生成物に変換するためのプロセスであって、前記プロセスは、マイクロチャネル反応器を通して前記反応体組成物を流してフィッシャー・トロプシュ触媒と接触させ、前記反応体組成物を前記生成物に変換させる工程であって、前記触媒は担体に担持されたCoを含み、前記マイクロチャネル反応器は前記触媒を含む複数のプロセスマイクロチャネルからなり、各プロセスマイクロチャネルは、最大10mmの範囲の幅または高さの内部寸法を有し、前記触媒は固体粒子の固定床の形であり、前記固体粒子の中央値粒子直径は、1から1000μmの範囲にあり、
前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから熱交換器に熱を移動させる工程、および前記マイクロチャネル反応器から前記生成物を取り出す工程を含み、
前記プロセスは、少なくとも5個の炭素原子を有する脂肪族炭化水素を時間あたり触媒のグラムあたり少なくとも0.5グラム生じさせ、
前記生成物中のメタンへの選択率は、25%より低いプロセス。 - 前記プロセスマイクロチャネルは、鋼、モネル、インコネル、アルミニウム、チタン、ニッケル、銅、真鍮、前記任意の金属の合金、重合体、セラミックス、ガラス、重合体とグラスファイバとを含むコンポジット、石英、ケイ素、あるいはそれらの二つ以上の組み合わせを含む材料で作られる、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記マイクロチャネル反応器は入口および出口を有し、前記生成物は前記出口を通って前記マイクロチャネル反応器から流出し、前記生成物は前記反応体組成物からの未反応成分と混合され、前記反応体組成物からの前記未反応成分の少なくとも一部は前記マイクロチャネル反応器の前記入口にリサイクルされる、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応体組成物は前記プロセスマイクロチャネルに流入し、前記生成物は前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから流出し、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルに流入する前記反応体組成物の温度は、前記プロセスマイクロチャネルから流出する前記生成物の温度から200℃の範囲内にある、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応体組成物中のCOに対するH2のモル比は、0.8から10の範囲にある、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応体組成物は、H2O、CO2、1個から4個の炭素原子の炭化水素、あるいはそれらの二つ以上の混合物をさらに含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記反応体組成物および/または生成物と前記触媒との接触時間は、最大2000ミリ秒である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネルに入る前記反応体組成物の温度は、150℃から270℃の範囲である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記プロセスマイクロチャネル内の圧力は、少なくとも5気圧である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- COの反応率は、サイクルあたり40%以上である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記COの反応率は、サイクルあたり少なくとも50%であり、前記生成物中のメタンへの選択率は15%以下であり、前記生成物の収率はサイクルあたり少なくとも35%である、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記固体粒子の中央値粒子直径は、1から1000μmの範囲にあり、各プロセスマイクロチャネルの長さは、最大500cmである、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
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