JP2015157530A - 移動支援装置及び移動支援方法 - Google Patents
移動支援装置及び移動支援方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】車両の現在地から目的地までの移動を支援する移動支援装置は、走行経路を区切った各区間について、当該区間に関連付けられた走行負荷に基づき、二次電池の蓄電量を維持しない第1のモード、及び二次電池の蓄電量を維持する第2のモードのいずれかの走行モードを計画するモード計画部16を備える。モード計画部16は、バッテリ11の蓄電量が第1の閾値以上であるとき、当該車両の走行中の区間又は当該区間に連続する次の区間を基準として、第1のモードでの走行を想定したときに予測されるバッテリ11の蓄電量が第1の閾値よりも小さい第2の閾値以下に到達するまでの区間を、第1のモードが優先して計画される第1のモード優先区間とする。
【選択図】図1
Description
上記課題を解決する移動支援装置は、内燃機関と、電動機及び発電機として機能するモータ装置と、当該モータ装置の動力源であるとともに回生制動による電力回生の可能な二次電池とを備える車両について、当該車両の現在地から目的地までの移動を支援する移動支援装置であって、現在地から目的地までの走行経路を区切った各区間について、当該区間に関連付けられた走行負荷に基づき、前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持しない第1のモード、及び前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持する第2のモードのいずれかの走行モードを計画するモード計画部を備え、前記モード計画部は、前記二次電池の蓄電量が第1の閾値以上であるとき、当該車両の走行中の区間又は当該区間に連続する次の区間を基準として、前記第1のモードでの走行を想定したときに予測される前記二次電池の蓄電量が前記第1の閾値よりも小さい第2の閾値以下に到達するまでの区間を、前記第1のモードが優先して計画される第1のモード優先区間とする。
以下、移動支援装置及び移動支援方法を具体化した第1の実施形態について説明する。なお、本実施形態の移動支援装置及び移動支援方法は、二次電池を動力源として用いるモータ装置、及びガソリンやその他の燃料で駆動する内燃機関をそれぞれ駆動源とするハイブリッド車両に適用される。またこのハイブリッド車両では、回生制動によって二次電池を充電可能である。
一般に、EVモードを走行負荷Ldiが小さい区間に適用する方が、全体としてエネルギー効率が高められる傾向にある。また、エンジンによる走行を走行負荷Ldiの大きい区間に適用するほうが全体としてエネルギー効率が高められる傾向にある。そこで、本実施形態では、目的地までの走行経路全体をEVモードで走行可能である場合には、走行経路全体に対してEVモードを計画するが、それができない場合には、走行負荷Ldiの小さい区間にはEVモードを割り当て、走行負荷Ldiが大きい区間にはHVモードを割り当てるようにしている。
出発地(現在地)にてナビゲーションシステム40を通じて目的地が設定されると、ナビゲーション制御装置41は、地図データ43を用いて現在地から目的地までの走行経路を探索する。目的地までの走行経路が設定されると、ナビゲーション制御装置41は、走行経路に関連付けられたリンクのリンクIDと、リンク毎に算出された走行負荷Ldi、道路属性45c及びリンクコスト45dを、ハイブリッド制御装置15に出力する。
消費電力量Eiを演算すると、モード計画部16は、全てのリンクの消費電力量Eiの総和ΣEi(i=1〜N)を算出する。そして、使用可能なバッテリ残量とその総和ΣEiとを比較して、走行経路全体をEVモードで完走できるか否かを判断する。使用可能なバッテリ残量とは、バッテリ残量の下限値から、SOCに基づくバッテリ残量までの蓄電量を示す。走行経路全体をEVモードで完走できる場合には、走行経路全体に対し、EVモードでの走行を計画する。
次に図5を参照して、バッテリ残量が満充電に近い場合に行われる再計画の処理を、一定の周期で行われる再計画の処理とともに説明する。
(1)バッテリ11の残量が第1の閾値Eα以上である場合には、リンクに対してEVモードを優先させた再計画がなされるため、バッテリ11の電力が積極的に使用されることによってバッテリ11にほぼ一定の空き容量を確保できる。このため、モータ装置の駆動により得られた回生エネルギーが熱として無駄に放出されることが抑制される。またEVモードを優先させた走行モードの再計画は、バッテリ残量が第1の閾値Eαよりも小さい第2の閾値Eβ以下になるまでに限られるので、例えばモードを切り替えるための閾値を1つとする場合に比べ、EVモードとHVモードとが頻繁に切り替わるような現象が抑制される。
次に、移動支援装置及び移動支援方法を具体化した第2の実施形態を、第1の実施形態との相違点を中心に説明する。なお、本実施形態にかかる移動支援装置及び移動支援方法は、第1の実施形態とモード計画部16の動作のみが異なり、図面においても第1実施形態と実質的に同一の要素にはそれぞれ同一の符号を付して示し、重複する説明は割愛する。
図8に示すように、モード計画部16は、第1の実施形態と同様に、現在地から目的地までの走行経路に関連付けられたリンク(区間)に関する情報を取得する(ステップS1)。また、モード計画部16は、各リンクの消費電力量Eiを算出するとともに、その総和ΣEiを算出し(ステップS2)、使用可能なバッテリ残量が、消費電力量Eiの総和ΣEiよりも小さいか否かを判断する(ステップS3)。使用可能なバッテリ残量が消費電力量Eiの総和ΣEi以上である場合には(ステップS3:NO)、全てのリンクをEV優先区間として計画する(ステップS14)。
まず、モード計画部16は、走行中のリンクをHV優先区間として計画する(ステップS211)。即ち、当該リンクLjに関連付けられた走行モードとしては、HVモードが維持される。また、モード計画部16は、リンクのカウンタj、HV優先区間の長さの累積値である累積距離Dを、「0」に設定することにより初期化する(ステップS212)。
図10に示すように、例えば車両100が高速道路を走行するときにバッテリ残量が第1の閾値Eα以上となった場合、高速道路にはHVモードが計画されているため、現在地からの累積距離DがHV優先距離γ以上となるまでの区間(リンクLj〜リンクLj+k)が、HV優先区間とされる。また、HV優先区間の先の走行経路も高速道路である場合には、バッテリ残量が第2の閾値Eβ以下となるか、目的地まで計画が終わるまで、高速道路や上り勾配であるか否かに関わらず、EV優先区間とする。HV優先区間、EV優先区間を計画しても、目的地までの残りの経路が存在する場合には、当該区間は、第1の実施形態と同様にEV計画区間又はHV計画区間とされる。
(3)既にHVモードが計画されたリンクについては、バッテリ残量が第1の閾値Eα以上になっても、EVモードの計画が制限されるため、例えば高速道路や上り坂の全体又は大部分がHVモードに設定されている場合等に、走行モードの計画が大きく変更されることが抑制される。このため、再計画によって、ドライバに違和感を与えることを抑制できる。
なお、上記各実施の形態は、以下のような形態をもって実施することもできる。
・リンクデータは、そのリンクの走行負荷や消費電力量が演算できるデータを含んでいれば、リンク識別子45a、接続ノード45b、道路属性45c、及びリンクコスト45dを全て含む構成でなくてもよい。
・上記各実施形態では、ハイブリッド制御装置15が、リンクデータに基づきリンク単位で消費電力量Eiを演算したが、リンクデータに、予め演算された単位距離当たりの消費電力量等を含めるようにしてもよい。この場合には、ハイブリッド制御装置15は、単位距離当たりの消費電力量にリンク長を乗算すればよく、ハイブリッド制御装置15の演算負荷が軽減される。
Claims (5)
- 内燃機関と、電動機及び発電機として機能するモータ装置と、当該モータ装置の動力源であるとともに回生制動による電力回生の可能な二次電池とを備える車両について、当該車両の現在地から目的地までの移動を支援する移動支援装置であって、
現在地から目的地までの走行経路を区切った各区間について、当該区間に関連付けられた走行負荷に基づき、前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持しない第1のモード、及び前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持する第2のモードのいずれかの走行モードを計画するモード計画部を備え、
前記モード計画部は、前記二次電池の蓄電量が第1の閾値以上であるとき、当該車両の走行中の区間又は当該区間に連続する次の区間を基準として、前記第1のモードでの走行を想定したときに予測される前記二次電池の蓄電量が前記第1の閾値よりも小さい第2の閾値以下に到達するまでの区間を、前記第1のモードが優先して計画される第1のモード優先区間とすることを特徴とする移動支援装置。 - 前記モード計画部は、当該車両が高速で走行する高速区間又は高い出力が求められる高出力区間を走行する際に前記二次電池の蓄電量が前記第1の閾値以上になったとき、当該高速区間又は当該高出力区間を前記第1のモード優先区間に設定することを制限する請求項1に記載の移動支援装置。
- 前記モード計画部は、前記高速区間又は前記高出力区間を走行する際に前記二次電池の蓄電量が前記第1の閾値以上になったとき、少なくとも当該車両の現在地から一定の距離以下の前記高速区間又は前記高出力区間を前記第2のモードが優先して計画される第2のモード優先区間とする請求項2に記載の移動支援装置。
- 前記モード計画部は、前記第1のモード優先区間の計画が完了した後、前記第2の閾値以下の二次電池の蓄電量をもとに、残りの前記区間に対して、走行負荷が低い順に前記第1のモードを計画する請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の移動支援装置。
- 内燃機関と、電動機及び発電機として機能するモータ装置と、当該モータ装置の動力源であるとともに回生制動による電力回生の可能な二次電池とを備える車両について、当該車両の現在地から目的地までの移動をモード計画部を用いて支援する移動支援方法であって、
前記モード計画部によって、現在地から目的地までの走行経路を区切った各区間について、当該区間に関連付けられた走行負荷に基づき、前記モータ装置を駆動源とする前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持しない第1のモード、及び前記二次電池の蓄電量を維持する第2のモードのいずれかの走行モードを計画するステップと、
前記モード計画部によって、前記二次電池の蓄電量が第1の閾値以上であるとき、当該車両の走行中の区間又は当該区間に連続する次の区間を基準として、前記第1のモードでの走行を想定したときに予測される前記二次電池の蓄電量が前記第1の閾値よりも小さい第2の閾値以下に到達するまでの区間を、前記第1のモードが優先して計画される第1のモード優先区間とするステップと、を有することを特徴とする移動支援方法。
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CN106029463B (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
EP3110673B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
US9896086B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
KR20160110490A (ko) | 2016-09-21 |
WO2015124983A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US20170066429A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
EP3110673A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN106029463A (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
JP6183244B2 (ja) | 2017-08-23 |
KR101861034B1 (ko) | 2018-05-24 |
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