JP2014239042A - 電極に対する結着性が改善したセパレータ及びこれを備えた電気化学素子 - Google Patents
電極に対する結着性が改善したセパレータ及びこれを備えた電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014239042A JP2014239042A JP2014131529A JP2014131529A JP2014239042A JP 2014239042 A JP2014239042 A JP 2014239042A JP 2014131529 A JP2014131529 A JP 2014131529A JP 2014131529 A JP2014131529 A JP 2014131529A JP 2014239042 A JP2014239042 A JP 2014239042A
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
Description
電極との結着力を向上させる機能を十分発揮することができるサイズと厚さとしてドットのサイズと間隔を可能な限り小さくすれば、ドットが多孔性コーティング層を構成する無機物粒子間の結着力も向上させるので、無機物粒子の脱離現象をさらに改善することができる。
このとき、破砕時間は1ないし20時間が適切であり、破砕された無機物粒子の粒度は前述したように0.001ないし10μmが望ましい。破砕方法としては通常の方法を使うことができ、特にボールミル法が望ましい。
前記電極活物質の中でカソード活物質の非制限的な例としては、従来電気化学素子のカソードとして用いられる通常のカソード活物質が使用可能であり、特にリチウムマンガン酸化物、リチウムコバルト酸化物、リチウムニッケル酸化物、リチウム鉄酸化物またはこれらを組み合わせたリチウム複合酸化物を用いることが望ましい。アノード活物質の非制限的な例としては、従来電気化学素子のアノードとして用いられる通常のアノード活物質が使用可能であり、特にリチウム金属またはリチウム合金、炭素、石油コーク(petroleum coke)、活性化炭素(activated carbon)、グラファイト(graphite)またはその他炭素類などのようなリチウム吸着物質などが望ましい。カソード電流集電体の非制限的な例としては、アルミニウム、ニッケルまたはこれらの組み合わせによって製造されるホイルなどがあり、アノード電流集電体の非制限的な例としては、銅、金、ニッケルまたは銅合金、もしくはこれらの組み合わせによって製造されるホイルなどがある。
セパレータの製造
ポリビニリデンフルオライド‐ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(PVdF‐HFP)高分子を5重量%でアセトンに添加し、50℃で約12時間以上溶解させてバインダー高分子溶液を製造した。製造したバインダー高分子溶液にAl2O3粉末をバインダー高分子/Al2O3=10/90重量比になるように添加し、12時間以上ボールミル法を利用してAl2O3粉末を破砕及び分散してスラリーを製造した。このように製造されたスラリーのAl2O3の粒径は約400nmであった。このように製造されたスラリーをディップコーティング法で、18μmのポリエチレン多孔性膜(気孔度45%)にコートし、コーティング厚さは約3μm程度に調節した。
アノード活物質として炭素粉末、結合剤としてポリビニリデンフルオライド(PVdF)、導電材としてカーボンブラック(carbon black)をそれぞれ96重量%、3重量%、1重量%にして、溶剤であるN‐メチル‐2‐ピロリドン(NMP)に添加してアノード活物質スラリーを製造した。前記アノード活物質スラリーを厚さが10μmであるアノード集電体である銅(Cu)薄膜に塗布、乾燥してアノードを製造した後、ロールプレスを行った。
カソード活物質としてリチウムコバルト複合酸化物94重量%、導電材としてカーボンブラック3重量%、結合剤としてPVdF 3重量%を溶剤であるN‐メチル‐2‐ピロリドン(NMP)に添加してカソード混合物スラリーを製造した。前記カソード混合物スラリーを、厚さが20μmであるカソード集電体であるアルミニウム(Al)薄膜に塗布、乾燥してカソードを製造した後、ロールプレスを行った。
前述の方法で製造された電極及びセパレータを積層/折り畳み方式を利用して組み立てた。
ドットパターン層を形成する溶液として、スチレン‐ブタジエンゴムが分散された溶液の代わりに、ポリビニリデンフルオライド‐ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体(PVdF‐HFP)が5重量%で溶解されたアセトン溶液を用いたことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
多孔性コーティング層にドットパターン層を形成しないことを除いては、前記実施例1と同一の方法でリチウム二次電池を製造した。
前述の方法で製造した実施例及び比較例のセパレータに対して、下記のような実験を行った。
Claims (18)
- セパレータであって、
多数の気孔を有する多孔性基材と、
前記多孔性基材の少なくとも一面にコートされ、かつ、多数の無機物粒子及びバインダー高分子の混合物で形成された、多孔性コーティング層と、及び
前記多孔性コーティング層の表面にコートされ、高分子で形成された多数のドットが互いに所定間隔離隔されて形成された、ドットパターン層を備えてなる、セパレータ。 - 前記ドットが、ゴムで形成されてなる、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記ゴムが、天然ゴム、合成ゴム及びこれらの混合物からなる群より選択されてなるものである、請求項2に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記ゴムが、スチレンユニット及びブタジエンユニットを含む共重合体である、請求項2に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記共重合体が、親水性官能基含有ユニットをさらに含む、請求項4に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記親水性官能基が、マレイン酸、アクリル酸、アクリレート、カルボン酸、ニトリル基、ヒドロキシル基、メルカプト基、エーテル基、エステル基、アミド基、アミン基、アセテート基及びハロゲン基からなる群より選択された官能基である、請求項5に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記ドットの平均直径が、0.1mmないし10mmである、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記ドット間の間隔が、0.1mmないし100mmである、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記ドットの平均厚さが、0.001mmないし10μmである、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記バインダー高分子が、溶解度指数が15Mpa1/2ないし45Mpa1/2である、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記バインダー高分子が、ポリビニリデンフルオライド‐ヘキサフルオロプロピレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド‐トリクロロエチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、エチレンビニルアセテート共重合体、ポリエチレンオキサイド、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、シアノエチルプルラン、シアノエチルポリビニルアルコール、シアノエチルセルロース、シアノエチルスクロース、プルラン、カルボキシルメチルセルロース、アクリロニトリルスチレンブタジエン共重合体及びポリイミドからなる群より選択されてなる、何れかの一種又は二種以上の混合物である、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記無機物粒子のサイズが、0.001μmないし10μmである、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記無機物粒子とバインダー高分子との重量比が、50:50ないし99:1である、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記多孔性コーティング層が、
その厚さが0.01μmないし20μmであり、
その気孔サイズが0.001μmないし10μmであり、及び
その気孔度が10%ないし99%である、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。 - 前記多孔性基材が、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエステル、ポリアセタール、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリイミド、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリフェニレンスルフィドロ、ポリエチレンナフタレン、ポリビニリデンフルオライド、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリアクリロニトリル、ヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体、ポリエチレン及びポリプロピレンからなる群より選択された何れか一種又は二種以上の混合物で形成されたものである、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。
- 前記多孔性基材が、
その厚さが5μmないし50μmであり、
その気孔サイズが0.001μmないし50μmであり、及び
その気孔度が10%ないし99%である、請求項1に記載のセパレータ。 - 電気化学素子であって、
カソードと、アノードと、前記カソードと前記アノードとの間に介入してなる(介入させた)セパレータとを備えてなり、
前記セパレータが、請求項1〜16のうち何れか一項に記載のセパレータである、電気化学素子。 - 前記電気化学素子が、リチウム二次電池である、請求項17に記載の電気化学素子。
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KR20090083854A (ko) | 2009-08-04 |
EP2927993B1 (en) | 2018-09-19 |
CN101926024A (zh) | 2010-12-22 |
WO2009096671A2 (en) | 2009-08-06 |
PL2927993T3 (pl) | 2019-01-31 |
WO2009096671A3 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
JP6242756B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 |
EP2248209A2 (en) | 2010-11-10 |
JP5572101B2 (ja) | 2014-08-13 |
US20100323230A1 (en) | 2010-12-23 |
JP2011512005A (ja) | 2011-04-14 |
CN101926024B (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
KR101020325B1 (ko) | 2011-03-08 |
US8377583B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 |
EP2248209A4 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
EP2248209B1 (en) | 2015-07-08 |
EP2927993A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
CN103928650A (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
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