JP2013532139A - 乾燥した安定な止血用組成物を作製するためのプロセス - Google Patents
乾燥した安定な止血用組成物を作製するためのプロセス Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
a)乾燥トロンビン調製物などの凝固誘発剤の乾燥調製物を含む第1の成分を提供するステップと、
b)止血に使用するのに適した生体適合性ポリマーの乾燥調製物を含む第2の成分を提供するステップと、
c)c1)最終容器内で乾燥混合物を得るために、前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を前記最終容器に充填することによるか、
c2)または前記最終容器内で前記第1の成分と前記第2の成分の組合せを得るために、前記第1の成分もしくは前記第2の成分を前記最終容器に提供し、前記第2の成分もしくは前記第1の成分を添加することによって、
前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を、組み合わされた形態で前記最終容器に提供するステップと、
d)前記最終容器を仕上げて、乾燥した安定な止血用組成物として組み合わされた形態の前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を含有する、保存可能な薬学的デバイスにするステップと
を包含する。
本発明は、主に、好都合な単一の組成フォーマットで二成分の生成物を提供することによって、止血用組成物の送達および取扱いを改善することを提供する。本発明の止血用組成物は、乾燥トロンビン調製物などの凝固誘発剤の乾燥調製物を含む第1の成分(「トロンビン成分」)、および止血に使用するのに適した生体適合性ポリマーの乾燥調製物を含む第2の成分(「止血用生体適合性ポリマー成分」)を含有する。さらなる成分が存在することもできる。この種の生成物は、原理として当技術分野では異なるフォーマットで公知であり、通常、その成分は、別々の実体として乾燥形態で提供される。患者に投与するために成分を混合する前に、乾燥した成分を、通常、適切な希釈剤と別個に接触させる。次に、別個に再構成された成分を混合することによって、成分の混合を実施する。例えば、薬学的に受容可能な(水性)希釈剤によって再構成される、乾燥トロンビン成分を提供することができる。次に、再構成の後に得られたトロンビン溶液は、通常は後に患者に適用されるヒドロゲルの形成の下で、ポリマーを湿潤化または可溶化するために使用される。これは、生成物が「すぐに使用できる」状態になる前に少なくとも2つのステップがあるプロセスであることから、生成物がすぐに使用できる状態になる前に1ステップのみしか必要としないのならば、より好都合となる。しかし前述の通り、2つの成分の性質により、主に安定性および活性の喪失に起因して、該生成方法の過程では、成分の単純な混合が妨げられる。
材料および方法
すべての変形形態(variant)で、安定な形態のFlosealゼラチンマトリックスおよびトロンビンの両方を含有する1つのシリンジと、適切な液体再構成媒体(例えば、0.9%NaClまたは40mM CaCl2)を含有する1つのシリンジとを含むキットを提示する同じスキームを使用する。両方のシリンジの内側および外側は無菌であり、再構成全体を、手術室の手術室看護師側で実施することができる。再構成は、普段通りに2つのシリンジをつなぎ、「噴射(swooshing)」(すなわち、2つのシリンジの間で内容物を繰り返し往復させる)によって2つのシリンジの内容物を混合することによって達成する。
「粉末ミックス」の変形形態を、乾燥ゼラチンと凍結乾燥したトロンビンを混合することによって作製し、これを単一のシリンジに充填する。適用可能であれば、ゼラチンマトリックスを、照射によってバルク滅菌する(既に市販されている生成物の最終滅菌で使用されている照射と同じ)。
「トロンビンのシリンジ内凍結乾燥」は、まず、Flosealシリンジの内部でトロンビン溶液を凍結乾燥し、次に凍結乾燥したトロンビンの頂部にゼラチン顆粒を充填することによって作製される。適用可能であれば、ゼラチンマトリックスを、照射によってバルク滅菌する(現在の生成物の最終滅菌で使用されている照射と同じ)。
希釈剤シリンジは、生成物を水和するのに適した再構成媒体を含有する。このシリンジは、Flosealシリンジと直接、またはコネクタを用いてつなぐことができる。希釈剤をFlosealシリンジに移し、水和した生成物を、つないだシリンジ間に繰り返し往復させて、流動性ペーストを生成する。希釈剤シリンジは、例えば、媒体を滅菌濾過し、適切なシリンジ(Toppacシリンジ、Clearshot・・・等)に充填し、必要に応じて照射によって最終的に滅菌するなどのプロセスによって調製することができる。
ゼラチン顆粒のバルクでの製造を、確立された方法(WO98/08550A、WO2003/00785A等)に従って実施する。顆粒(「Floseal」顆粒、「Floseal」マトリックス)を、γ照射によって直ちに滅菌する。前臨床滅菌のために、Flosealマトリックスを、適切なサイズのSchottガラス瓶に充填する。
トロンビン調製物
この実施例の滅菌トロンビン粉末は、2つの異なる方法で製造される:凍結乾燥したトロンビンを無菌方式で製粉することによるか、または無菌スプレー乾燥することによる。
500IU/mlのトロンビン、50g/lのHSAおよび4.4g/lのNaClを含む処方したトロンビン溶液を、層流フード内で、適切なサイズの滅菌凍結乾燥トレーに移し、このトレーを、凍結乾燥に移すために、滅菌したアルミニウム箔で覆う。凍結乾燥トレーを、清浄な凍結乾燥機に入れ、適切なプログラムを用いて凍結乾燥を行う。凍結乾燥が完了した後、医療グレードの窒素を使用して凍結乾燥機を換気し、凍結乾燥トレー(lyo tray)を、滅菌したアルミニウム箔で再度覆う。
前臨床生成では、スプレー乾燥は、Buechiスプレー乾燥の設定を使用して、担体ガス用に調節したガスを用いて実施する。
2種類の滅菌粉末を、分析用の秤の上でFlosealシリンジに逐次的に充填する。Flosealマトリックスの重量を、充填重量(g)=70.4/固体含量(%)として算出して、乾燥Flosealマトリックス704mgが、確実にシリンジに充填されるようにする。Floseal最終生成物5mlに対して2000IUのトロンビンを含有するトロンビン粉末の重量は、4(ml)×55(mg/ml)=220mgである。+/−5%の精度で充填を実施し、Flosealマトリックスの各バッチについて限界値を算出しなければならない。
4.0mlのトロンビン500IU/mlを、凍結乾燥シリンジに充填し、凍結乾燥し、真空下で圧縮した。次に、Flosealゼラチンを秤量して、圧縮したトロンビンの頂部に充填することによって、シリンジに入れた。シリンジを閉鎖し、真空下で再度圧縮した。すべての調製ステップを無菌条件下で実施した。
この研究の目的は、本発明の乾燥した止血用組成物の有効性を、ブタ肝臓の擦過傷モデルにおいて、確立された標準生成物(Floseal VH S/D;Baxter Healthcare)と比較することである。Floseal VH S/Dは、適用の2分以内にトロンビンを送達して活動性出血を止めるゼラチンマトリックスである。この生成物は、(1)トロンビンを再構成するステップと、(2)ゼラチン粒子を、再構成したトロンビンを用いて水和するステップの2ステップの調製を必要とする。本発明の生成物は、トロンビンでコーティングされたゼラチン粒子を1ステップで再構成するように設計されており、生成物が迅速にまたは多量に必要とされる場合に望ましくない2ステップの調製に対して大きく改善するものである。
平均体重55.0kg(52.4〜58.4kgの範囲)の6匹の家畜の雌性ブタを、Oak Hill Genetics(イリノイ州ユーイング)から得、外科手術時に秤量する。動物が到着したら、6日間検疫する。外科手術時、6匹すべてのブタは、臨床疾患の徴候を示していない。耳のタグを使用して動物を識別し、割り当てた識別番号と相互参照する。動物をグループ分けして、囲いに収容する。ブタは、水を自由に摂取し、標準のブタ用の食餌を1日1回摂取する。
ブタに、ミダゾラム(0.3mg/kg、IM)を投薬し、2:1の窒素 対 酸素の担体中、イソフルランで潜在的に誘発する(masked−induce)。ブタに挿管し、1分あたり10〜15回の速度で換気させる。酸素担体中イソフルランで、麻酔を維持する。ブタに、温めた乳酸加リンゲル液を持続性速度注入(continuous rate infusion)を受けさせる。
ブタ肝臓の擦過傷モデルを、この研究で使用する。120カ所の病変(処置群1つあたり40カ所)を評価し、α=0.05および検出力(power)=90%で、比率80パーセント対40パーセントの差異を検出するのに十分となることを目標にして、6匹のブタを準備する。各系列を、中葉、左葉または右葉のいずれかにもたらす。
ベースラインの活性凝固時間(ACT)を記録し、各ブタに負荷量200IU/kgのヘパリンを投与する。ACTがベースラインの少なくとも2倍になるまで、ACTを10分毎に評価する。ACTがベースラインの2倍未満またはおよそ2倍と測定されたら、ブタを用量75IU/kgのボーラスヘパリンで処置した。
病変系列を作り、処置してから0、2、5および10分後に止血を評価する(0分は、処置前を指す)。0、1、2、3、4および5のスコアを、それぞれ出血なし、漏出、非常に軽度、軽度、中程度および重度に割り当てる。3つのすべての病変を、ほぼ同時に処置して、それぞれ独立の処置から生じ得る位置および凝固の差異を回避する。病変からの血液を、必要に応じて各評価の後に拭き取る。
ACT、止血、血圧および心拍を、標準の方法に従って評価する。
この研究のためのサンプリング単位は、処置群1つあたり40カ所の病変で合計120カ所の病変を有する肝臓病変部位である。
本発明の乾燥した止血用組成物の性能は、すべての時点でFloseal VH S/Dとは著しく異ならない。このことは、本発明の生成方法(c1/c2)および1ステップの再構成様式が、組成物の性能に対して負の影響を与えず、実施上の取扱いにおいて所望の利点を提供し、それによって本発明の目的が解決されることを提供する。
前臨床評価を実施して、非常に厳密な(抗凝固性が高い)モデルにおいてFloseal VHに対してFloseal「粉末ミックス」およびFloseal「トロンビンのシリンジ内凍結乾燥」のインビボ効能を比較する。このモデルは、全厚5mmの肝臓穿刺と、交差した様式での穿刺による欠損から放射状に広がる4つのさらなる切開からなる。試験群1つあたり6匹の動物を使用し、これらの動物を4,000I.U./kgまでヘパリン処理する。病変が生じた後、再構成したFlosealを適用し、湿潤ガーゼを用いて2分間軽く圧力をかける。この時間の後、一次止血を評価する。一次止血が達成されない場合、止血が達成されるまで生成物を再度適用し、または生成物(5ml)/時間(15分)を使い果たす。一次エンドポイントは、一次止血の達成(あり/なし)および止血時間(分)である。
Claims (23)
- 乾燥した安定な止血用組成物を作製するためのプロセスであって、前記プロセスは:
a)凝固誘発剤の乾燥調製物を含む第1の成分を提供するステップと、
b)止血に使用するのに適した生体適合性ポリマーの乾燥調製物を含む第2の成分を提供するステップと、
c)c1)最終容器内で乾燥混合物を得るために、前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を前記最終容器に充填することによるか、
c2)または前記最終容器内で前記第1の成分と前記第2の成分の組合せを得るために、前記第1の成分もしくは前記第2の成分を前記最終容器に提供し、前記第2の成分もしくは前記第1の成分を添加することによって、
前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を、組み合わされた形態で前記最終容器に提供するステップと、
d)前記最終容器を仕上げて、乾燥した安定な止血用組成物として組み合わされた形態の前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を含有する、保存可能な薬学的デバイスにするステップと
を包含する、プロセス。 - ステップc1)またはc2)が、無菌条件下で実施される、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- ステップc2)が、前記最終容器内で前記第1の成分を提供するために、前記最終容器内で凝固誘発剤の水性調製物を凍結乾燥し、凍結乾燥後に前記第2の成分を添加することによって実施される、請求項1または2に記載のプロセス。
- ステップd)が、エチレンオキシド滅菌ステップまたは電離放射線照射による処理を含む、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の成分が、好ましくは粒子状形態(particulate form)の、好ましくは粉末形態の乾燥トロンビン調製物である、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の成分が、スプレー乾燥、好ましくは無菌スプレー乾燥によって得られたトロンビンを含有する、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- ステップc2)が、前記第1の成分および前記第2の成分を組み合わせた後に混合することによって実施される、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記最終容器として、シリンジが使用される、請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記シリンジが、前記乾燥した安定な止血用組成物を再構成するための薬学的に受容可能な希釈剤を含む希釈剤シリンジと一緒に仕上げられたシリンジである、請求項8に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の成分が、ヒトトロンビンを含む、請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の成分が、組換えヒトトロンビンを含む、請求項1から10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、ゼラチン、可溶性コラーゲン、アルブミン、ヘモグロビン、フィブリノゲン、フィブリン、カゼイン、フィブロネクチン、エラスチン、ケラチンおよびラミニン、またはその誘導体もしくは組合せからなる群より選択されるタンパク質を含有する、請求項1から11のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、グリコサミノグリカン、デンプン誘導体、セルロース誘導体、ヘミセルロース誘導体、キシラン、アガロース、アルギネートおよびキトサン、またはその誘導体もしくは組合せからなる群より選択される多糖を含有する、請求項1から12のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリアクリルアミド、ポリビニル樹脂、ポリラクチド−グリコリド、ポリカプロラクトン(polcaprolactone)およびポリオキシエチレン(polyoxyethlene)、ならびにその誘導体および組合せからなる群より選択されるポリマーを含有する、請求項1から13のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、架橋多糖、架橋タンパク質もしくは架橋された非生物学的ポリマー、またはその混合物を含有する、請求項1から14のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、粒子状材料(particulate material)、好ましくは粒状材料である、請求項1から15のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 止血に使用するのに適した前記生体適合性ポリマーが、架橋ゼラチンである、請求項1から16のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記最終容器が、滅菌放射線に曝露されるときに前記ポリマーの修飾を阻害するのに有効な量の安定剤、好ましくはアスコルビン酸、アスコルビン酸ナトリウム、アスコルビン酸の他の塩または抗酸化剤をさらに含有する、請求項1から17のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 患者の身体の標的部位に止血用組成物を送達するための方法であって、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって生成された止血用組成物を前記標的部位に送達するステップを包含する、方法。
- 前記止血用組成物を薬学的に受容可能な希釈剤と接触させてヒドロゲル形態の止血用組成物を得るステップをさらに包含する、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって得られる、仕上げられた最終容器。
- すぐに使用できる止血用組成物を提供するための方法であって、請求項1から18のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって生成された止血用組成物を、薬学的に受容可能な希釈剤と接触させるステップを包含する、方法。
- 請求項21に記載の仕上げられた容器と、薬学的に受容可能な希釈剤を含む容器とを含む、止血用組成物を投与するためのキット。
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Cited By (9)
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JP2019001948A (ja) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-10 | 澁谷工業株式会社 | ゼラチン架橋体の製造方法および製造装置 |
JP6989757B2 (ja) | 2017-06-19 | 2022-02-03 | 澁谷工業株式会社 | ゼラチン架橋体の製造方法および製造装置 |
JP2021504097A (ja) * | 2017-11-28 | 2021-02-15 | ダリム ティッセン カンパニー リミテッド | 止血用組成物及びこれを含む容器 |
JP7223447B2 (ja) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-02-16 | ダリム ティッセン カンパニー リミテッド | 止血用組成物及びこれを含む容器 |
US11628236B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 | 2023-04-18 | Dalim Tissen Co., Ltd. | Composition for hemostasis and container comprising same |
JP2021523097A (ja) * | 2018-05-09 | 2021-09-02 | フェロサン メディカル デバイシーズ エイ/エス | 止血組成物を調製する方法 |
JP7395113B2 (ja) | 2018-05-09 | 2023-12-11 | フェロサン メディカル デバイシーズ エイ/エス | 止血組成物を調製する方法 |
JP2022518809A (ja) * | 2019-05-28 | 2022-03-16 | ダリム ティッセン カンパニー リミテッド | 止血用組成物及びこれを含む容器 |
JP7306749B2 (ja) | 2019-05-28 | 2023-07-11 | ダリム ティッセン カンパニー リミテッド | 止血用組成物及びこれを含む容器 |
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EP2575775A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
US20210220512A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
WO2011151384A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
CO6620018A2 (es) | 2013-02-15 |
KR101814841B1 (ko) | 2018-01-03 |
JP5973997B2 (ja) | 2016-08-23 |
US20150367022A1 (en) | 2015-12-24 |
US9084728B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
MX2012014002A (es) | 2013-02-12 |
BR112012030455A2 (pt) | 2016-08-09 |
CA2801116A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
KR101967085B9 (ko) | 2022-07-20 |
US20120121532A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
AU2011260258B2 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
CN103037847B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
BR112012030455B1 (pt) | 2021-08-17 |
JP2015193651A (ja) | 2015-11-05 |
US10994045B2 (en) | 2021-05-04 |
CN103037847A (zh) | 2013-04-10 |
KR20130121701A (ko) | 2013-11-06 |
ES2676208T3 (es) | 2018-07-17 |
KR20170118948A (ko) | 2017-10-25 |
US10245348B2 (en) | 2019-04-02 |
EP2575775B1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
CA2801116C (en) | 2019-02-12 |
AU2011260258A1 (en) | 2012-12-06 |
KR101967085B1 (ko) | 2019-04-08 |
US20190231922A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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