JP2013514421A - 硬化性組成物及び膜 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物及び膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2013514421A JP2013514421A JP2012543898A JP2012543898A JP2013514421A JP 2013514421 A JP2013514421 A JP 2013514421A JP 2012543898 A JP2012543898 A JP 2012543898A JP 2012543898 A JP2012543898 A JP 2012543898A JP 2013514421 A JP2013514421 A JP 2013514421A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- composition
- membrane
- curable
- curable composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 112
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical group CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- -1 substituted Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012958 Amine synergist Substances 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- GKJVYJJWYLFVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-prop-2-enoyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCCN(C(=O)C=C)CC1 GKJVYJJWYLFVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMBSSXSNDSJXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-hydroxyundecylamino)ethylamino]undecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)CNCCNCC(O)CCCCCCCCC KMBSSXSNDSJXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 5'-adenylyl sulfate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical group C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007767 slide coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQUYSHZXSKYCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diazepane Chemical compound C1CNCCNC1 FQUYSHZXSKYCSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;prop-2-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.CC(C)CS(O)(=O)=O AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVAQHFNMILVVNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCNC(=O)C=C YVAQHFNMILVVNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUNBJGXMAYTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butan-2-yl-2,6-dinitrophenol Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O VHUNBJGXMAYTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound OCC1COC(=O)O1 JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRUKRHLZDVJJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyanopentanoic acid Chemical compound N#CC(C)CCC(O)=O XRUKRHLZDVJJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylcatechol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 102000006386 Myelin Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083674 Myelin Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Padimate O Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphoryl]-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007754 air knife coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQNZLOUWXSAZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylperoxymethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COOCC1=CC=CC=C1 KQNZLOUWXSAZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHMZKSWPMYAOAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl peroxide Chemical compound CCOOCC RHMZKSWPMYAOAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxymethane Chemical compound COO MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011416 infrared curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007759 kiss coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009685 knife-over-roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003266 membrane potential measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JPVRJMGCWMBVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n-methylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CNC(=S)SSC(=S)NC JPVRJMGCWMBVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N metronidazole Chemical compound CC1=NC=C([N+]([O-])=O)N1CCO VAOCPAMSLUNLGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005012 myelin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CHDKQNHKDMEASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enoylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NC(=O)C=C CHDKQNHKDMEASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propiophenone Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036390 resting membrane potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007763 reverse roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J39/00—Cation exchange; Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/08—Use of material as cation exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the cation exchange properties
- B01J39/16—Organic material
- B01J39/18—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J39/20—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0083—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0081—After-treatment of organic or inorganic membranes
- B01D67/0088—Physical treatment with compounds, e.g. swelling, coating or impregnation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J47/00—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor
- B01J47/12—Ion-exchange processes in general; Apparatus therefor characterised by the use of ion-exchange material in the form of ribbons, filaments, fibres or sheets, e.g. membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/065—After-treatment
- B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/068—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using ionising radiations (gamma, X, electrons)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/52—Amides or imides
- C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
- C08F220/58—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine
- C08F220/585—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen, e.g. N-methylolacrylamide, N-(meth)acryloylmorpholine and containing other heteroatoms, e.g. 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid [AMPS]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/08—Fuel cells with aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/22—Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising carbon or oxygen or hydrogen and other elements; Fuel cells in which the fuel is based on materials comprising only elements other than carbon, oxygen or hydrogen
- H01M8/227—Dialytic cells or batteries; Reverse electrodialysis cells or batteries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/46115—Electrolytic cell with membranes or diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
(i)少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を含む架橋剤2.5〜50重量%と、
(ii)エチレン性不飽和基及び陰イオン基を含む硬化性イオン組成物20〜65重量%と、
(iii)溶媒15〜45重量%と、
(iv)フリーラジカル開始剤0〜10重量%とを含み、(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.1〜1.5である硬化性組成物を提供する。
(Y×m)>架橋剤の分子量
(式中のmは架橋剤中のアクリルアミド基の数であり;Yは120、より好ましくは105、特に90、殊に85又は77である)。
(式中のR1及びR2は、各々独立してH又はメチルであり;
R3及びR4は、各々独立してH、アルキルであるか、R3及びR4がこれらに結合したN基及びYとともに任意に置換した6又は7員環を形成し;
Yは、任意に置換し、また任意に中断されたアルキレン基である)。
(i) 少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を含む架橋剤8〜16重量%と、
(ii) エチレン性不飽和基と陰イオン基とを含む硬化性イオン化合物40〜60重量%と、
(iii)溶媒22〜40重量%と、
(iv)光開始剤0.01〜2重量%とを含む硬化性組成物を含み、ここで(i)の(ii)に対するモル比は0.1〜1.5、好ましくは0.1〜1.0である。
(i)少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を有する架橋剤4〜30重量%と、
(ii)エチレン性不飽和基と陰イオン基とを含む硬化性イオン化合物35〜60重量%と、
(iii)溶媒26〜45重量%と、
(iv)光開始剤0.01〜2重量%とを含む硬化性組成物を含み、ここで(i)の(ii)に対するモル比は0.1〜1.0、好ましくは0.13〜0.7である。
(i)硬化性組成物を支持体に塗布する工程と、
(ii)前記硬化性組成物を硬化させて膜を形成する工程とを備える膜の製造方法を提供するもので、ここで前記硬化性組成物は本発明の第一態様で定義する通りのものである。
選択透過性は、静止膜電位測定法を使用することによって測定した。2つのセルを実験中膜により分離した。測定に先立って、膜を0.1MのNaCl溶液中で少なくとも12時間平衡化した。異なるNaCl濃度を有する2つの流れを実験中膜の対向側でセルに通した。1つの流れは0.1MのNaCl(シグマアルドリッチ社から購入、最低純度99.5%)濃度を有し、他方の流れは0.5MのNaCl濃度であった。両方の流れの流速は、0.90dm3/分であった。2個のカロメル参照電極(メトロームAG(スイス)から購入)を、各セルに挿入したハーバー−ルギン(Haber−Luggin)キャピラリー管に接続し、膜上の電位差を測定するのに用いた。有効膜面積は3.14cm2であり、温度は21℃であった。
α(%)=ΔVmeas/ΔVtheor *100%
・補助膜は、トクヤマソーダ(日本)のCMX及びAMXであった;
・イージーロードIIモデル77200−62ギアポンプを備えたコールパーマー社マスターフレックスコンソールドライブ(77521−47)を全ての区画に使用した;
・各流れの流速は475mL/分であり、ポーターインスツルメント社の流量計(タイプ150AV−B250−4RVS)及びコールパーマー社の流量計(タイプG−30217−90)により制御した;
・膜の有効面積は3.14cm2であった。
MBAは、シグマアルドリッチ社から購入したN,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミドである。
表1に重量%として示した成分を65℃で混合することにより硬化性組成物CC1〜CC23及び比較の硬化組成物CE1〜CE6を調製した。
Claims (28)
- (i)少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を含む架橋剤2.5〜50重量%と、
(ii)エチレン性不飽和基と陰イオン基とを含む硬化性イオン化合物20〜65重量%と、
(iii)溶媒15〜45重量%と、
(iv)フリーラジカル開始剤0〜10重量%とを含み、(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.1〜1.5である硬化性組成物。 - 前記(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.1〜1.0である請求項1記載の組成物。
- 前記(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.13〜0.7である請求項1記載の組成物。
- 前記溶媒を20〜40重量%含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の総重量に対する成分(i)と成分(ii)との合計重量%が30〜85重量%である前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記溶媒が、少なくとも40重量%の水を含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記溶媒が、水と水混和性有機溶媒とを含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記溶媒が、100℃未満の沸点を有する水混和性有機溶媒を含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 0.005〜10重量%の光開始剤を含む前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記成分(i)及び(ii)以外のエチレン性不飽和化合物を含まない前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記エチレン性不飽和基が、アクリルアミド基又はメタクリルアミド基である前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- (i)少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を含む架橋剤8〜16重量%と、
(ii)エチレン性不飽和基と陰イオン基とを含む硬化性イオン化合物40〜60重量%と、
(iii)溶媒22〜40重量%と、
(iv)光開始剤0.01〜2重量%とを含み、(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.1〜1.5である請求項1又は4〜11のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。 - (i)少なくとも2個のアクリルアミド基を含む架橋剤4〜30重量%と、
(ii)エチレン性不飽和基と陰イオン基とを含む硬化性イオン化合物35〜60重量%と、
(iii)溶媒26〜45重量%と、
(iv)光開始剤0.01〜2重量%とを含み、(i)の(ii)に対するモル比が0.1〜1.0である請求項1若しくは2又は4〜11のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。 - (i)硬化性組成物を支持体に塗布する工程と、
(ii)該硬化性組成物を硬化させて膜を形成する工程とを備え、
該硬化性組成物が請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載のものである膜の製造方法。 - 前記硬化が、電子ビームまたはUV放射線を用いて行われる請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物を電子ビーム又はUV光で30秒間未満照射することによって硬化させる請求項15記載の方法。
- 前記硬化性組成物を、硬化性組成物塗布用ステーションと、組成物硬化用照射源と、膜収集ステーションと、該硬化性組成物塗布用ステーションから照射源及び膜収集ステーションへの支持体の移動手段とを具える製造ユニットにより移動支持体に連続的に塗布する請求項14〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が、該膜の乾燥重量に対し少なくとも0.1meq/gのイオン交換容量を有する請求項14〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記硬化性組成物を、5m/分を超える速度で移動する支持体に塗布する請求項14〜18のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項14〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られた又は得ることができる膜。
- 多孔質支持体と、請求項1に記載の組成物を硬化させることによって得ることができるポリマー材料とを含む膜。
- 浄水、脱塩、廃水処理、電気分解、浸透気化又は発電用のイオン分離プロセスにおけるイオン交換膜としての請求項20又は21に記載の膜の使用。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具える電気透析又は逆電気透析ユニット。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具えるフロースルーキャパシタ装置。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具える電気脱イオンモジュール。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具える燃料電池。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具える拡散透析機器。
- 請求項20又は21に記載の膜を1枚以上具える膜電極アセンブリー。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB0921949.4 | 2009-12-16 | ||
GBGB0921949.4A GB0921949D0 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2009-12-16 | Curable compositions and membranes |
PCT/GB2010/052060 WO2011073639A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-09 | Curable compositions and membranes |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013514421A true JP2013514421A (ja) | 2013-04-25 |
JP2013514421A5 JP2013514421A5 (ja) | 2014-01-30 |
JP5648064B2 JP5648064B2 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
Family
ID=41717019
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012543896A Expired - Fee Related JP5648063B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-09 | 硬化性組成物及び膜 |
JP2012543898A Active JP5648064B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-09 | 硬化性組成物及び膜 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2012543896A Expired - Fee Related JP5648063B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-12-09 | 硬化性組成物及び膜 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (4) | US8968963B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2352771B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5648063B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102712725B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2782722C (ja) |
GB (1) | GB0921949D0 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL220441A0 (ja) |
WO (2) | WO2011073637A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8703831B2 (en) | 2009-08-26 | 2014-04-22 | Evoqua Water Technologies Pte. Ltd. | Ion exchange membranes |
CA2770480C (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2014-11-18 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Pyranyl aryl methyl benzoquinazolinone m1 receptor positive allosteric modulators |
US8895580B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2014-11-25 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | Quinolinone-pyrazolone M1 receptor positive allosteric modulators |
GB0921951D0 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-02-03 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
ES2768330T3 (es) | 2010-10-15 | 2020-06-22 | Evoqua Water Tech Llc | Membranas de intercambio aniónico y proceso para su producción |
WO2012051610A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Process for making a monomer solution for making cation exchange membranes |
GB201112382D0 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-08-31 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
GB201112389D0 (en) * | 2011-07-19 | 2011-08-31 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
US9156933B2 (en) * | 2011-09-13 | 2015-10-13 | General Electric Company | Cation exchange materials prepared in aqueous media |
GB201206415D0 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2012-05-23 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
GB201215098D0 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-10-10 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Method of treating a porous substrate and manufacture of a membrane |
WO2014038935A1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-13 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. | Purification of aqueous liquids |
MY178616A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2020-10-19 | Grace W R & Co | Chromatography media and devices |
ES2655681T3 (es) | 2012-09-28 | 2018-02-21 | Fujifilm Corporation | Membrana polimérica funcional y método para su producción |
EP2902096A4 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-01-27 | Fujifilm Corp | FUNCTIONAL POLYMER MEMBRANE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
ES2922731T3 (es) | 2012-10-04 | 2022-09-19 | Evoqua Water Tech Llc | Membranas de intercambio aniónico de alto rendimiento y métodos para producir las mismas |
CN104837542B (zh) | 2012-10-11 | 2017-04-05 | 伊沃夸水处理技术有限责任公司 | 涂覆的离子交换膜 |
GB201220832D0 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-01-02 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Electricity generation |
JP6126498B2 (ja) | 2013-02-15 | 2017-05-10 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 高分子機能性膜及びその製造方法 |
JP5897622B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-03-30 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 高分子機能性膜、その製造方法およびイオン交換装置 |
JP5893578B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2016-03-23 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 機能性複合膜及びその製造方法、並びに機能性複合膜を具備したイオン交換膜及びプロトン伝導膜 |
WO2014136697A1 (ja) | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 高分子機能性膜、その製造方法、高分子機能性膜を具備したイオン交換膜およびプロトン伝導膜、およびイオン交換装置 |
JP2014201612A (ja) * | 2013-04-01 | 2014-10-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | イオン交換膜の製造方法 |
GB201310350D0 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2013-07-24 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
KR101513446B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-04-21 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 흐름전극 축전식 탈염장치용 이온 교환막 및 이를 포함하는 흐름전극 축전식 탈염장치 |
KR101511990B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-04-14 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 역전기투석 장치용 이온 교환막 및 이를 포함하는 역전기투석 장치 |
WO2015068797A1 (ja) * | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | イオン交換膜電極接合体、その製造方法およびキャパシタ脱塩装置 |
JP6853670B2 (ja) | 2014-01-16 | 2021-04-07 | ダブリュー・アール・グレース・アンド・カンパニー−コーンW R Grace & Co−Conn | 親和性クロマトグラフィー媒体及びクロマトグラフィーデバイス |
GB201401310D0 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-03-12 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Process for preparing membranes |
JP6118284B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-07 | 2017-04-19 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 高分子機能性膜の製造方法 |
JP6241941B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-12 | 2017-12-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 硬化性組成物、高分子機能性硬化物、水溶性アクリルアミド化合物およびその製造方法 |
GB201407397D0 (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-06-11 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
CN107847907A (zh) | 2014-05-02 | 2018-03-27 | 格雷斯公司 | 官能化载体材料以及制备和使用官能化载体材料的方法 |
CN106574063B (zh) * | 2014-08-14 | 2019-09-24 | 富士胶片株式会社 | 高分子功能性膜、其制造方法及具备高分子功能性膜的堆或装置 |
GB201500692D0 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2015-03-04 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
EP3302784B1 (en) | 2015-06-05 | 2021-10-06 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Adsorbent bioprocessing clarification agents and methods of making and using the same |
GB201513020D0 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-09-09 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Radiation-curable compositions, membranes and the manufacture and use of such membranes |
JP2020117621A (ja) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-08-06 | 株式会社リコー | 活性エネルギー線硬化型組成物、組成物収容容器、2次元または3次元の像形成装置、2次元または3次元の像形成方法、硬化物 |
CN111001310A (zh) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-14 | 天津膜天膜科技股份有限公司 | 环保型纳滤膜的制备方法 |
CN111087648B (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-04-13 | 河北尚华塑料科技有限公司 | 一种紫外光交联低烟无卤阻燃聚烯烃材料及其制备方法 |
KR102507911B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-03-07 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | 양이온 교환막 및 이의 제조방법 |
US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
CN116396442B (zh) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-15 | 四川大学华西医院 | 一种原位相分离光固化打印高精度凝胶材料及其制备方法 |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58101120A (ja) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-06-16 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 紫外線硬化型硬化被膜を表面に有する熱硬化性プラスチック成形品の製法 |
JPS6222864A (ja) * | 1985-07-22 | 1987-01-31 | バテル メモリアル インステイチユ−ト | 生物活性コ−テイングを形成するための光硬化性組成物 |
JP2005076012A (ja) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-24 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 機能性膜の連続製造方法 |
WO2005076396A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
WO2006004098A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
JP2007048543A (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-22 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 電解質膜および直接液体燃料形燃料電池 |
WO2007094279A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-23 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 機能性膜の製造方法 |
JP2009051872A (ja) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-03-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多孔質膜の製造方法、高分子電解質の製造方法、多孔質膜、高分子電解質膜、及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
JP2009084337A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Fujifilm Corp | ヘテロ環含有重合性化合物およびその製造方法並びにそれを含む硬化性組成物 |
WO2009104470A1 (ja) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 電解質膜の製造方法、および、電解質膜 |
Family Cites Families (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS545888A (en) | 1977-06-17 | 1979-01-17 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Process for producing heterogeneous cation exchanger membrane |
US5145618A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1992-09-08 | Ionics, Incorporated | Process for manufacturing continuous supported ion selective membranes using non-polymerizable high boiling point solvents |
US5075164A (en) | 1989-12-05 | 1991-12-24 | Eastman Kodak Company | Print retaining coatings |
US5037858A (en) | 1990-06-21 | 1991-08-06 | Ionics, Incorporated | Anion selective polymers prepared from concentrated solutions of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide |
DE4207386C2 (de) | 1992-03-09 | 1997-02-13 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | Wäßrige flüssige Lösung eines Betains mit mindestens 40 Gew.-% Festkörpergehalt |
US5445732A (en) | 1992-06-19 | 1995-08-29 | Sepracor Inc. | Passivated porous polymer supports and methods for the preparation and use of same |
AUPP939299A0 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 1999-04-15 | University Of Melbourne, The | Polymer gels and methods for their preparation |
US6423666B1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2002-07-23 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Large-pore chromatographic beads prepared by suspension polymerization |
EP1245241A1 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-02 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Polymerized hydrogel adhesives comprising low amounts of residual monomers |
JP2003263998A (ja) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-09-19 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | 電解質膜及びそれを用いた固体高分子型燃料電池 |
DE10392357B4 (de) | 2002-03-07 | 2015-03-12 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Elektrolytmembran, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie Elektrolyt-Membran-Elektroden-Baugruppen und Brennstoffzellen mit einer solchen Elektrolytmembran |
JP4284463B2 (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2009-06-24 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
EP1617936B1 (en) | 2003-02-19 | 2009-11-18 | Natrix Separations Inc. | Composite materials comprising supported porous gels |
JP4247571B2 (ja) | 2003-04-30 | 2009-04-02 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
US7604746B2 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2009-10-20 | Mcmaster University | Pervaporation composite membranes |
US7098253B2 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2006-08-29 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Macroporous ion exchange resins |
JP4806401B2 (ja) * | 2004-06-07 | 2011-11-02 | ナトリックス セパレイションズ インコーポレーテッド | 支持型多孔質ゲルを含む安定な複合材料 |
US7785751B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2010-08-31 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Production method of electrolyte membrane, electrolyte membrane and solid polymer fuel cell using same |
WO2007018425A1 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. | Porous membrane and recording medium comprising same |
JP2008189864A (ja) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-08-21 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 機能性膜の製造方法 |
GB0706634D0 (en) | 2007-04-04 | 2007-05-16 | Itm Fuel Cells Ltd | Membrane production |
JP2008282651A (ja) | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-20 | Ricoh Co Ltd | パッキン、並びに該パッキンを用いた燃料電池、電源、及び電子機器 |
JP2009045911A (ja) | 2007-08-23 | 2009-03-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多孔質材料の製造方法、多孔質膜の製造方法、高分子電解質の製造方法、多孔質材料、多孔質膜、高分子電解質膜、及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
KR100914340B1 (ko) * | 2008-04-25 | 2009-08-28 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 고 수소 이온 전도성 연료전지용 비닐술폰산 가교 고분자전해질 복합막의 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 연료전지 |
GB0904558D0 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2009-04-29 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Membranes |
GB0921951D0 (en) | 2009-12-16 | 2010-02-03 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
-
2009
- 2009-12-16 GB GBGB0921949.4A patent/GB0921949D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2010
- 2010-12-09 US US13/516,320 patent/US8968963B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-09 WO PCT/GB2010/052058 patent/WO2011073637A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-12-09 WO PCT/GB2010/052060 patent/WO2011073639A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-12-09 JP JP2012543896A patent/JP5648063B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-12-09 JP JP2012543898A patent/JP5648064B2/ja active Active
- 2010-12-09 EP EP10790661A patent/EP2352771B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-12-09 CN CN201080056883.8A patent/CN102712725B/zh active Active
- 2010-12-09 EP EP10790663A patent/EP2356157B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-12-09 CA CA2782722A patent/CA2782722C/en active Active
- 2010-12-09 US US13/516,264 patent/US8956782B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-06-14 IL IL220441A patent/IL220441A0/en unknown
-
2015
- 2015-01-23 US US14/603,477 patent/US9238221B2/en active Active
- 2015-12-28 US US14/979,740 patent/US9487418B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58101120A (ja) * | 1981-12-09 | 1983-06-16 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 紫外線硬化型硬化被膜を表面に有する熱硬化性プラスチック成形品の製法 |
JPS6222864A (ja) * | 1985-07-22 | 1987-01-31 | バテル メモリアル インステイチユ−ト | 生物活性コ−テイングを形成するための光硬化性組成物 |
JP2005076012A (ja) * | 2003-09-03 | 2005-03-24 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 機能性膜の連続製造方法 |
WO2005076396A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
WO2006004098A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-12 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
JP2007048543A (ja) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-22 | Toagosei Co Ltd | 電解質膜および直接液体燃料形燃料電池 |
WO2007094279A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-08-23 | Toagosei Co., Ltd. | 機能性膜の製造方法 |
JP2009051872A (ja) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-03-12 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多孔質膜の製造方法、高分子電解質の製造方法、多孔質膜、高分子電解質膜、及び固体高分子型燃料電池 |
JP2009084337A (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-23 | Fujifilm Corp | ヘテロ環含有重合性化合物およびその製造方法並びにそれを含む硬化性組成物 |
WO2009104470A1 (ja) * | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-27 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 電解質膜の製造方法、および、電解質膜 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8956782B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 |
US9238221B2 (en) | 2016-01-19 |
EP2352771A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
CN102712725B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
US20120248032A1 (en) | 2012-10-04 |
WO2011073639A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
CN102712725A (zh) | 2012-10-03 |
GB0921949D0 (en) | 2010-02-03 |
CA2782722C (en) | 2015-04-28 |
US20150132681A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
JP2013514419A (ja) | 2013-04-25 |
US20160185629A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
IL220441A0 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
EP2352771B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
CA2782722A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
EP2356157A1 (en) | 2011-08-17 |
EP2356157B1 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
JP5648063B2 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
WO2011073637A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 |
JP5648064B2 (ja) | 2015-01-07 |
US20120259027A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
US8968963B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
US9487418B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5648064B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物及び膜 | |
JP5648066B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物及び膜 | |
US10279319B2 (en) | Curable compositions and membranes | |
US10046279B2 (en) | Curable compositions and membranes | |
JP6182204B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物および膜 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20131115 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20131203 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20131203 |
|
A871 | Explanation of circumstances concerning accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A871 Effective date: 20131203 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20131202 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20140423 |
|
A975 | Report on accelerated examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971005 Effective date: 20140417 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20140507 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20140805 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20141104 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20141110 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 5648064 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |