JP6182204B2 - 硬化性組成物および膜 - Google Patents
硬化性組成物および膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6182204B2 JP6182204B2 JP2015505017A JP2015505017A JP6182204B2 JP 6182204 B2 JP6182204 B2 JP 6182204B2 JP 2015505017 A JP2015505017 A JP 2015505017A JP 2015505017 A JP2015505017 A JP 2015505017A JP 6182204 B2 JP6182204 B2 JP 6182204B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- meth
- weight
- acrylate
- curable composition
- acrylamide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 157
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 (2-amino) Ethyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009296 electrodeionization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OEIXGLMQZVLOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-(prop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCCNC(=O)C=C OEIXGLMQZVLOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KMBSSXSNDSJXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-hydroxyundecylamino)ethylamino]undecan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)CNCCNCC(O)CCCCCCCCC KMBSSXSNDSJXCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YERHJBPPDGHCRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-(1-oxoprop-2-enyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-propen-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCN(C(=O)C=C)CC1 YERHJBPPDGHCRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UZNHKBFIBYXPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)C UZNHKBFIBYXPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GKJVYJJWYLFVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-prop-2-enoyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCCN(C(=O)C=C)CC1 GKJVYJJWYLFVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[3,5-di(prop-2-enoyl)-1,3,5-triazinan-1-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CN(C(=O)C=C)CN(C(=O)C=C)C1 FYBFGAFWCBMEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-phenylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GBCPBVCYEIRTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl-dimethyl-[(prop-2-enoylamino)methyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(O)C[N+](C)(C)CNC(=O)C=C GBCPBVCYEIRTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YVAQHFNMILVVNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(prop-2-enoylamino)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCNC(=O)C=C YVAQHFNMILVVNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoyloxypropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCOC(=O)C=C CYUZOYPRAQASLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003926 acrylamides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KNPYNEPWCOLXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-aminoethyl)prop-2-enamide;trimethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)C.NCCNC(=O)C=C KNPYNEPWCOLXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C RRHXZLALVWBDKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-methyl-3-(prop-2-enoylamino)butyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoindene-1,5-diyldimethanol Chemical compound C1C2C3C(CO)CCC3C1C(CO)C2 OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCS(O)(=O)=O KCXFHTAICRTXLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical group OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 25
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-[2-(4-prop-2-enoyloxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OC(=O)C=C)C=C1 FHLPGTXWCFQMIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-trimethylphenanthrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C=CC2=C1C MYWOJODOMFBVCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012958 Amine synergist Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- UUORTJUPDJJXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-hydroxyethyl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound OCCNC(=O)C=C UUORTJUPDJJXST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitropropylbenzene Chemical compound CCC([N+]([O-])=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ALWXETURCOIGIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(CC=2C(=CC=C(C)C=2)O)=C1 XZXYQEHISUMZAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C HCLJOFJIQIJXHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO FDSUVTROAWLVJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical group O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940107816 ammonium iodide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiocyanate Chemical compound [NH4+].[S-]C#N SOIFLUNRINLCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007766 curtain coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O XQHAGELNRSUUGU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;thiocyanate Chemical compound [Li+].[S-]C#N ZJZXSOKJEJFHCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SXTGAOTXVOMSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N SXTGAOTXVOMSFW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical group C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium chlorate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O VKJKEPKFPUWCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012925 reference material Substances 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007767 slide coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LJOVDBPVQQTADI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)C1=NC=NC=N1 LJOVDBPVQQTADI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHXJMPVUVKIGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C(=O)C(C)(C)O)C=C1 JHXJMPVUVKIGKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-(2-prop-2-enoyloxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC(C)COC(C)COCC(C)OC(=O)C=C ZDQNWDNMNKSMHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-(2-hydroperoxybutan-2-ylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CCC(C)(OO)OOC(C)(CC)OO WFUGQJXVXHBTEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TURITJIWSQEMDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-n-[(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)methyl]prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCNC(=O)C(C)=C TURITJIWSQEMDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropane-1-sulfonic acid;prop-2-enamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C.CC(C)CS(O)(=O)=O AUZRCMMVHXRSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUNBJGXMAYTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butan-2-yl-2,6-dinitrophenol Chemical compound CCC(C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O VHUNBJGXMAYTLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound OCC1COC(=O)O1 JFMGYULNQJPJCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRUKRHLZDVJJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-cyanopentanoic acid Chemical compound N#CC(C)CCC(O)=O XRUKRHLZDVJJSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylcatechol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 XESZUVZBAMCAEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 5'-adenylyl sulfate Chemical compound C1=NC=2C(N)=NC=NC=2N1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O IRLPACMLTUPBCL-KQYNXXCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000795655 Canis lupus familiaris Thymic stromal cotransporter homolog Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910013553 LiNO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Padimate O Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 WYWZRNAHINYAEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [phenyl-(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphoryl]-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)C1=C(C)C=C(C)C=C1C GUCYFKSBFREPBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEBCLRKUSAGCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1mi23b Chemical compound C1C2C3C(COC(=O)C=C)CCC3C1C(COC(=O)C=C)C2 VEBCLRKUSAGCDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007754 air knife coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQNZLOUWXSAZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylperoxymethylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COOCC1=CC=CC=C1 KQNZLOUWXSAZGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012206 bottled water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012482 calibration solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003010 cation ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RHMZKSWPMYAOAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl peroxide Chemical compound CCOOCC RHMZKSWPMYAOAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphoryl-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1C(=O)P(=O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VFHVQBAGLAREND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002019 disulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CIYGMWIAXRMHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ditert-butyl oxalate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C CIYGMWIAXRMHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl n-ethoxycarbonylcarbamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=O)OCC PQVSTLUFSYVLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012812 general test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002432 hydroperoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroperoxymethane Chemical compound COO MEUKEBNAABNAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011416 infrared curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007759 kiss coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009685 knife-over-roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium hydroxide monohydrate Substances [Li+].O.[OH-] GLXDVVHUTZTUQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940040692 lithium hydroxide monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003266 membrane potential measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JPVRJMGCWMBVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n-methylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound CNC(=S)SSC(=S)NC JPVRJMGCWMBVMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- CHDKQNHKDMEASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-prop-2-enoylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NC(=O)C=C CHDKQNHKDMEASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N parbenate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 FZUGPQWGEGAKET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005373 pervaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperidine-4-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1CCNCC1 FSDNTQSJGHSJBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000083 poly(allylamine) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000306 polymethylpentene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011116 polymethylpentene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036390 resting membrane potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012465 retentate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007763 reverse roll coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007764 slot die coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butoxycarbonyl anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C DYHSDKLCOJIUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/106—Membranes in the pores of a support, e.g. polymerized in the pores or voids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/10—Supported membranes; Membrane supports
- B01D69/107—Organic support material
- B01D69/1071—Woven, non-woven or net mesh
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
- B01D69/125—In situ manufacturing by polymerisation, polycondensation, cross-linking or chemical reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/007—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/065—After-treatment
- B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2268—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds, and by reactions not involving this type of bond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2323/00—Details relating to membrane preparation
- B01D2323/30—Cross-linking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
- B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4693—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis
- C02F1/4695—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis electrodialysis electrodeionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/24—Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides
- C08J2333/26—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
a)硬化性イオン化合物:
b)第一の架橋剤;
c)第二の架橋剤;
d)不活性溶剤;および
e)所望により含まれていてもよいフリーラジカル開始剤
を含み、前記第二の架橋剤が80℃未満の融点を有するものであるプロセスを提供する。
(W×m)> 架橋剤の分子量
(式中、
mは、架橋剤中に存在するエチレン性不飽和基の数であり;および
Wは、120、さらに好ましくは105、特に90、さらに特に85または77である)。
R1およびR2は、各々独立して、Hまたはメチルであり;
R3およびR4は、各々独立して、H、アルキルであり、R3およびR4は、それらが結合しているN基、およびYと一緒に、所望により置換されていてもよい6員または7員環を形成し;ならびに
Yは、所望により置換されていてもよい、および所望により割り込まれていてもよいアルキレン基である)。
R3またはR4がアルキルであるとき、それは、好ましくは、C1−4−アルキルである。
R3およびR4が、それらが結合しているN基、およびYと一緒に、所望により置換されていてもよい6員または7員環を形成するとき、それらは、好ましくは、ピペラジン、ホモピペラジンまたはトリアジン環を形成する。
(i)前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリルアミド基を含む;
(ii)前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む;
(iii)前記組成物が、25重量%未満の成分d)を含む;
(iv)前記組成物中に存在する架橋剤の総量が、少なくとも17重量%である;
(v)所望により前記組成物が無機塩をさらに含んでいてもよく;ならびに
(vi)所望により前記不活性溶剤が、30重量%未満の不活性有機溶剤を含み、一切の残存不活性溶剤が水であってもよい。
i)20から80重量%(さらに好ましくは30から65重量%)の成分a);
ii)3から35重量%(さらに好ましくは5から25重量%)の成分b);
iii)2から25重量%(さらに好ましくは3から20重量%)の成分c);
iv)5から45重量%(さらに好ましくは10から35重量%)の成分d);
v)0から10重量%の成分e)(さらに好ましくは0.01から10重量%光開始剤);および
vi)0から50重量%(さらに好ましくは4から40重量%)の成分f)
を含み、成分c)は、80℃未満(さらに好ましくは60℃未満、特に40℃未満)の融点を有する。
1)20から80重量%(さらに好ましくは30から65重量%)の硬化性イオン化合物;
2)5から60重量%(さらに好ましくは8から45重量%)の架橋剤;
3)5から45重量%の不活性溶剤;および
4)0から10重量%(さらに好ましくは10から35重量%)のフリーラジカル開始剤
を含む硬化性組成物であって、少なくとも2つの架橋剤を含み、80℃未満の融点を有する架橋剤の含量が2から25重量%(さらに好ましくは3から20重量%)である組成物;および本発明の第一の態様によるプロセスにおけるかかる組成物の使用を提供する。
前記硬化性組成物塗布ステーションは、前記照射源に対して上流の位置にあってよく、および前記照射源(単数または複数)は、前記膜回収ステーションに対して上流の位置にある。
選択透過性(α(%))は、静止膜電位測定を用いることによって測定した。調査中、2つのセルが膜によって隔てられている。測定に先立ち、その膜を0.05M KCl溶液中で16時間、平衡させた。調査中、異なるKCl濃度を有する2つの流れを膜の両側のセルに通した。一方の流れは、0.05M KCl(Sigma Aldrichからのもの、最低99.0%純度)の濃度を有し、他方の流れは、0.5M KClであった。両方の流れの流量は、0.5L/分であった(easy load IIモデル77200−62ギヤポンプを備えたCole Parmer Masterflexコンソールドライブ(77521−47)を使用)。3M KClを満たした2つのAg/AgCl基準電極タイプ6.0750.100(スイスのMetrohm AGからのもの)をHaber−Lugginキャピラリーチューブに接続し、それらのチューブを各セルに挿入し、膜を介した電位差を測定するために使用した。有効膜面積は、9.62cm2であり、温度は、21℃であった。
膜の選択透過性(α(%))を次の式に従って計算した:
α(%)=ΔVmeas/Δtheor*100%
理論膜電位(ΔVtheor)は、ネルンストの式を用いて計算される100%選択透過性膜についての電位である。
測定値を2つの基準電極間の(定)電位偏差について補正した。
・補助膜は、日本の徳山曹達株式会社(Tokuyama Soda)からのCMXおよびAMXであった;
・Ag/AgCl基準電極(Metrohmタイプ6.0750.100)ばかりでなくキャピラリーも3M KClを含有した;
・校正液ならびに区画3および4内の液は、2.0M NaClであり、区画2および5は、0.5M NaClを含有した;
・有効膜面積は、9.62cm2であった;
・キャピラリー間の距離は、9.5mmであった;
・測定温度は、24.7℃であった;
・easy load IIモデル77200−62ギヤポンプを備えたCole Parmer Masterflexコンソールドライブ(77521−47)をすべての区画に使用した;
・各流れの流量は、Porter Instrument流量計(タイプ150AV−B250−4RVS)およびCole Parmer流量計(タイプG−30217−90)によって制御して、475mL/分であった。
少なくとも21×21cmのサイズの膜試料を16時間、0.1M NaCl(20.45g/3.500L)溶液中でコンディショニングした。
その膜を、有孔ナイロン支持体とナイロンリングの間に挟持して、333cm2の有効膜表面を作った。
MBAは、Sigma AldrichからのN,N’−メチレンビスアクリルアミドである。この化合物は、融点>80℃を有する。
BAPは、Sigma Aldrichからの1,4−ビス(アクリロイル)ピペラジンである。この化合物は、融点>80℃を有する。
AMPSは、Hang−Zhou(中国)からの2−アクリロイルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸である。
DMAPAA−Qは、株式会社興人(Kohjin)からの3−アクリルアミドプロピル−トリメチルアンモニウムクロリドの75重量%水溶液である。
SR259は、Sartomerからのポリエチレングリコール(200)ジアクリレートである。融点<25℃。
HEAAは、Sigma AldrichからのN−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)アクリルアミドである。
SR344は、Sartomerからのポリエチレングリコール(400)ジアクリレートである。融点<25℃。
SR399は、Sartomerからのジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレートである。融点<25℃。
SR494は、Sartomerからのエトキシ化(4)ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレートである。融点<25℃。
CD9038は、Sartomerからのエトキシ化(30)ビスフェノールAジアクリレートである。融点<25℃。
Darocur(商標)1173は、2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチル−1−フェニル−プロパン−1−オン、BASF Resins,Paint & Coatingsからの光開始剤である。
MeHQは、ヒドロキノンモノメチルエーテル、Merckからの重合抑制剤である。
IPAは、Shellからの2−プロパノール(不活性有機溶剤)である。
LiNO3は、Sigma Aldrichからの硝酸リチウムである。
LiOH・H2Oは、Chemetallからの水酸化リチウム・一水和物である。
Viledon(登録商標)Novatexx 2266−14Eは、Freudenberg Filtration Technologiesからの不織ポリオレフィン多孔質基体である。
PWは、純水(不活性溶剤)である。
界面活性剤は、Evonikからのポリエーテルシロキサンであった。
実施例1から19(Ex1からEx19)および比較例1から11(CE1からCE11)の硬化性組成物を、表1から4に示す原材料を混合することによって調製した(すべての量は、硬化性組成物の総重量に対する重量%である)。
硬化後、膜を0.1M NaCl溶液中で少なくとも12時間保管した。
以下に本発明の例示的態様を例挙する。
<1>硬化性組成物を多孔質支持体に塗布する工程および前記組成物を硬化させる工程を含む、膜を調製するためのプロセスであって、
前記組成物が、
a)硬化性イオン化合物、
b)第一の架橋剤、
c)第二の架橋剤、
d)不活性溶剤、および
e)所望により含んでいてもよいフリーラジカル開始剤
を含み、前記第二の架橋剤が80℃未満の融点を有する、前記プロセス。
<2>前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む、<1>に記載のプロセス。
<3>前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリルアミド基を含む、<1>または<2>に記載のプロセス。
<4>前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む、<1>〜<3>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<5>前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリレート基を含む、<1>〜<4>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<6>前記硬化性イオン化合物が、アクリルアミド基を含む、<1>〜<5>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<7>前記硬化性イオン化合物が、第四級アンモニウム、スルホ、ホスファトおよびカルボキシから選択されるイオン基を含む、<1>〜<6>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<8>前記硬化性イオン化合物が、第四級アンモニウムおよびスルホ基から選択されるイオン基を含む、<1>〜<7>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<9>前記組成物が、25重量%未満の成分d)を含む、<1>〜<8>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<10>前記組成物中に存在する架橋剤の総量が、少なくとも17重量%である、<1>〜<9>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<11>前記組成物が、f)非硬化性塩をさらに含む、<1>〜<10>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<12>前記非硬化性塩が、塩化リチウム、臭化リチウム、硝酸リチウム、ヨウ化リチウム、塩素酸リチウム、チオシアン酸リチウム、水酸化リチウム、チオシアン酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、ヨウ化アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、塩化ナトリウム、臭化ナトリウム、硝酸ナトリウム、チオシアン酸ナトリウム、硝酸カルシウム、チオシアン酸カルシウム、臭化カルシウム、塩化マグネシウム、臭化マグネシウム、硝酸マグネシウム、チオシアン酸マグネシウム、チオシアン酸カリウム、塩素酸カリウム、および2つ以上のかかる塩を含む混合物から選択される、<11>に記載のプロセス。
<13>前記不活性溶剤が、30重量%未満の不活性有機溶剤を含み、および一切の残存不活性溶剤が、水である、<1>〜<12>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<14>前記組成物が、
1)20から80重量%の硬化性イオン化合物、
2)5から60重量%(さらに好ましくは8から45重量%)の架橋剤、および
3)5から45重量%の不活性溶剤
を含み、
前記組成物が少なくとも2つの架橋剤を含み、および80℃未満の融点を有する架橋剤の含量が2から25重量%である、
<1>〜<13>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<15>(i)前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリルアミド基を含む、
(ii)前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む、
(iii)前記組成物が、25重量%未満の成分d)を含む、
(iv)前記組成物中に存在する架橋剤の総量が、少なくとも17重量%である、
(v)所望により前記組成物が無機塩をさらに含んでいてもよく、および
(vi)所望により前記不活性溶剤が、30重量%未満の不活性有機溶剤を含み、一切の残存不活性溶剤が水であってもよい、
<1>〜<14>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<16>前記組成物が、紫外線を使用して硬化される、<1>〜<15>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
<17> <1>〜<16>のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって得ることができる膜。
<18>
1)20から80重量%の硬化性イオン化合物、
2)5から60重量%の架橋剤、および
3)5から45重量%の不活性溶剤
を含む硬化性組成物であって、
少なくとも2つの架橋剤を含み、80℃未満の融点を有する架橋剤の含量が2から25重量%である、硬化性組成物。
<19>
4)0.01から10重量%のフリーラジカル開始剤、および
5)0から50重量%の非硬化性塩
をさらに含む、<18>に記載の硬化性組成物。
<20>不活性有機溶剤を含まない、<18>または<19>に記載の硬化性組成物。
<21>前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリルアミド基を含み、および前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリレート基を含む、<18>から<20>のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性組成物。
<22> <17>に記載の1つ以上の膜を含む、電気透析もしくは逆電気透析ユニット、電気脱イオンモジュール、連続電気脱イオンモジュール、通液型キャパシタ、燃料電池、拡散透析装置、膜蒸留モジュールまたは膜・電極接合体。
Claims (17)
- 硬化性組成物を多孔質支持体に塗布する工程および前記硬化性組成物を硬化させる工程を含む、膜を調製するためのプロセスであって、
前記硬化性組成物が、
a)20〜80重量%の硬化性イオン化合物、ここで前記硬化性イオン化合物は、一つのエチレン性不飽和基を含み、さらに、スルホ基、カルボキシ基及び/又はホスファト基を含むか、または第四級アンモニウム基を含む、
b)3〜35重量%の第一の架橋剤、ここで前記第一の架橋剤は2〜6個の(メタ)アクリレート基及び(メタ)アクリルアミド基から選択される基を含む、
c)2〜25重量%の第二の架橋剤、ここで前記第二の架橋剤は2〜6個のエチレン性不飽和基を含み、前記第二の架橋剤は前記第一の架橋剤とは異なる、
d)5〜45重量%の不活性溶剤、ここで前記不活性溶剤は、前記不活性溶剤の総量に対して少なくとも50重量%の水を含み、および
e)0〜10重量%のフリーラジカル開始剤
を含み、前記第二の架橋剤が80℃未満の融点を有し、前記第二の架橋剤は前記硬化性組成物が前記多孔質支持体に塗布されるときに液体である、前記プロセス。 - 前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含み、前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第一の架橋剤は2〜6個の(メタ)アクリルアミド基を含む、請求項1又は請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第一の架橋剤が、N,N’−メチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N’−エチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N’−プロピレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N’−ブチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N’−(1,2−ジヒドロキシエチレン)ビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、1,4−ジアクリロイルピペラジン、1,4−ビス(アクリロイル)ホモピペラジン、トリアクリロイル−トリス(2−アミノエチル)アミン、トリアクリロイルジエチレントリアミン、テトラアクリロイルトリエチレンテトラアミン、1,3,5−トリアクリロイルヘキサヒドロ−1,3,5−トリアジン、または1,3,5−トリメタクリロイルヘキサヒドロ−1,3,5−トリアジンから選択され、
前記第二の架橋剤が、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(200)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(400)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(600)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール(2000)ジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、プロポキシ化エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(3)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(10)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(30)ビスフェノールAジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメタノールジ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(9)トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(15)トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(20)トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、プロポキシ化(3)トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、エトキシ化(4)ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、またはジペンタエリスリトールペンタ(メタ)アクリレートから選択される、請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。 - 前記硬化性イオン化合物が、アクリル酸、アクリル酸β−カルボキシエチル、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、ビニルスルホン酸、ホスホノメチル化アクリルアミド、(2−カルボキシエチル)アクリルアミド、2−(メタ)アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、これらのうちの2つ以上を含む混合物、またはそれらの塩、(3−アクリルアミドプロピル)トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、3−メタクリルアミドプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、(ar−ビニルベンジル)トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、(2−(メタクリロイルオキシ)エチル)トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、[3−(メタクリロイルアミノ)プロピル]トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、(2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロピル)トリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、3−アクリルアミド−3−メチルブチルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、アクリロイルアミノ−2−ヒドロキシプロピルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、N−(2−アミノエチル)アクリルアミドトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド、またはこれらのうちの2つ以上を含む混合物から選択される、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化性イオン化合物が、アクリルアミド基を含む、請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化性組成物が、25重量%未満の成分d)を含む、請求項1〜請求項6のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化性組成物中に存在する架橋剤の総量が、少なくとも17重量%である、請求項1〜請求項7のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化性組成物が、f)非硬化性塩をさらに含む、請求項1〜請求項8のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記硬化性組成物が、紫外線を使用して硬化される、請求項1〜請求項9のいずれか一項に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項1〜請求項10のいずれか一項に記載のプロセスによって得た膜。
- a)20〜80重量%の硬化性イオン化合物、ここで前記硬化性イオン化合物は、一つのエチレン性不飽和基を含み、さらに、スルホ基、カルボキシ基及び/又はホスファト基を含むか、または第四級アンモニウム基を含む、
b)3〜35重量%の第一の架橋剤、ここで前記第一の架橋剤は2〜6個の(メタ)アクリレート基及び(メタ)アクリルアミド基から選択される基を含む、
c)2〜25重量%の第二の架橋剤、ここで前記第二の架橋剤は2〜6個のエチレン性不飽和基を含み、前記第二の架橋剤は前記第一の架橋剤とは異なる、
d)5〜45重量%の不活性溶剤、ここで前記不活性溶剤は、不活性溶剤の総量に対して少なくとも50重量%の水を含む、および
e)0〜10重量%のフリーラジカル開始剤
を含む硬化性組成物であって、
前記第二の架橋剤が80℃未満の融点を有する、硬化性組成物。 - 前記第一の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含み、前記第二の架橋剤が、少なくとも2つのアクリル基を含む、請求項12に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記第一の架橋剤は2〜6個の(メタ)アクリルアミド基を含む、請求項12又は請求項13に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 前記硬化性組成物が、25重量%未満の不活性溶剤を含む、請求項12〜請求項14のいずれか1項に記載の硬化性組成物。
- 多孔質支持体、及び、硬化させた、請求項12〜請求項15のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性組成物を含む膜。
- 請求項11または請求項16に記載の膜を1つ以上含む、電気透析もしくは逆電気透析ユニット、電気脱イオンモジュール、連続電気脱イオンモジュール、通液型キャパシタ、燃料電池、拡散透析装置、膜蒸留モジュールまたは膜・電極接合体。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB1206415.0 | 2012-04-12 | ||
GB201206415A GB201206415D0 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2012-04-12 | Curable compositions and membranes |
PCT/GB2013/050751 WO2013153360A1 (en) | 2012-04-12 | 2013-03-22 | Curable compositions and membranes |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015514012A JP2015514012A (ja) | 2015-05-18 |
JP2015514012A5 JP2015514012A5 (ja) | 2016-05-12 |
JP6182204B2 true JP6182204B2 (ja) | 2017-08-16 |
Family
ID=46177181
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015505017A Expired - Fee Related JP6182204B2 (ja) | 2012-04-12 | 2013-03-22 | 硬化性組成物および膜 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9527973B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2836523B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6182204B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104220469B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2868646A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2546842T3 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB201206415D0 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2013153360A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB201310350D0 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2013-07-24 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
WO2015003132A1 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-08 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Composite hollow fiber membranes useful for co2 removal from natural gas |
KR101513446B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-04-21 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 흐름전극 축전식 탈염장치용 이온 교환막 및 이를 포함하는 흐름전극 축전식 탈염장치 |
KR101511990B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-24 | 2015-04-14 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 역전기투석 장치용 이온 교환막 및 이를 포함하는 역전기투석 장치 |
EP3067325A4 (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2017-01-11 | Fujifilm Corporation | Ion exchange membrane electrode assembly, method for manufacturing same, and capacitor demineralization device |
JP2015131874A (ja) * | 2014-01-09 | 2015-07-23 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 耐熱性合成樹脂微多孔フィルムの製造方法、耐熱性合成樹脂微多孔フィルム、非水電解液二次電池用セパレータ、及び非水電解液二次電池 |
GB201401310D0 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-03-12 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Process for preparing membranes |
KR20160138156A (ko) | 2014-03-25 | 2016-12-02 | 스트라타시스 엘티디. | 교차 계층 패턴의 제조 방법 및 시스템 |
GB201407397D0 (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2014-06-11 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
GB201500692D0 (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-03-04 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
WO2016151586A1 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-09-29 | Stratasys Ltd. | Method and system for in situ sintering of conductive ink |
GB201513020D0 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-09-09 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Radiation-curable compositions, membranes and the manufacture and use of such membranes |
WO2019151271A1 (ja) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-08 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 親水性多孔質膜 |
GB201815405D0 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-07 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Membranes suitable for detecting, filtering and/or purifying biomolecules |
GB201815407D0 (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-07 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Membranes suitable for detecting, filtering and/or purifying biomolecules and metal-ions |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6423666B1 (en) * | 1999-10-05 | 2002-07-23 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Large-pore chromatographic beads prepared by suspension polymerization |
US6454003B1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-09-24 | Ondeo Nalco Energy Services, L.P. | Composition and method for recovering hydrocarbon fluids from a subterranean reservoir |
JPWO2005076396A1 (ja) * | 2004-02-03 | 2007-10-18 | 東亞合成株式会社 | 電解質膜および当該電解質膜を用いた燃料電池 |
US7604746B2 (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2009-10-20 | Mcmaster University | Pervaporation composite membranes |
WO2007018425A1 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2007-02-15 | Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V. | Porous membrane and recording medium comprising same |
US20070204989A1 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2007-09-06 | Hongxin Tang | Preformed particle gel for conformance control in an oil reservoir |
GB0813227D0 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2008-08-27 | Fuji Film Mfg Europ B V | Process for preparing membranes |
US8691736B2 (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2014-04-08 | Conocophillips Company | Swellable polymer with cationic sites |
GB0915109D0 (en) * | 2009-09-01 | 2009-10-07 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Process for preparing composite membranes |
GB0921951D0 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-02-03 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
GB0921949D0 (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2010-02-03 | Fujifilm Mfg Europe Bv | Curable compositions and membranes |
-
2012
- 2012-04-12 GB GB201206415A patent/GB201206415D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2013
- 2013-03-22 WO PCT/GB2013/050751 patent/WO2013153360A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-22 JP JP2015505017A patent/JP6182204B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-03-22 US US14/391,728 patent/US9527973B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-22 EP EP13721791.5A patent/EP2836523B1/en active Active
- 2013-03-22 CN CN201380018234.2A patent/CN104220469B/zh active Active
- 2013-03-22 ES ES13721791.5T patent/ES2546842T3/es active Active
- 2013-03-22 CA CA2868646A patent/CA2868646A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013153360A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
GB201206415D0 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
JP2015514012A (ja) | 2015-05-18 |
EP2836523B1 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
EP2836523A1 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
CN104220469B (zh) | 2017-04-12 |
CN104220469A (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
ES2546842T3 (es) | 2015-09-29 |
US9527973B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
US20150105481A1 (en) | 2015-04-16 |
CA2868646A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6182204B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物および膜 | |
JP5648063B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物及び膜 | |
JP5697687B2 (ja) | 硬化性組成物及び膜 | |
US10279319B2 (en) | Curable compositions and membranes | |
US10046279B2 (en) | Curable compositions and membranes | |
US20120165420A1 (en) | Process for Preparing Composite Membranes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20160310 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160310 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20161024 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20161101 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20170131 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170317 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20170718 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20170721 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6182204 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |