JP2013507979A - グリコシル化された免疫グロブリンの調製方法 - Google Patents
グリコシル化された免疫グロブリンの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
a)ポリペプチドをコードする核酸を含む真核細胞を用意し、
b)グルコース制限度(degree of glucose limitation)(DGL)が一定に維持され、かつDGLが0.8未満である条件下で、その細胞を培養し、そして
c)培養物からポリペプチドを回収する;
その際、マンノース−5糖構造体を含むポリペプチドの画分は、マンノース−5糖構造体を含むポリペプチドの量、ポリペプチドG(0)イソ型の量、ポリペプチドG(1)イソ型の量、およびポリペプチドG(2)イソ型の量を含めた合計の10%以下である。
a)免疫グロブリンをコードする核酸を含む哺乳動物細胞を用意し、
b)培地中の単位時間当たり利用できるグルコースの量が一定に維持され、かつ単位時間当たりその培地中でその細胞が最大限に利用できる量の80%未満に制限された培地中で、前記の真核細胞を培養し、そして
c)細胞または培地から免疫グロブリンを回収する。
一態様において、免疫グロブリンは抗IL−6R抗体である。さらに他の態様において、抗IL−6R抗体はトシリズマブ(Tocilizumab)を含む。他の態様において、抗IL−6R抗体に結合したマンノース−5糖構造体は8%以下である。さらに他の態様において、マンノース−5糖構造体は6%以下である。他の態様において、マンノース−5糖構造体は4%以下である。さらに他の態様において、抗IL−6R抗体に結合したG(0)糖構造体は40%から46%までの範囲であり、抗IL−6R抗体に結合したG(2)糖構造体は9%から11%までの範囲である。
a)免疫グロブリンをコードする核酸を含む哺乳動物細胞を、0.8未満の一定のDGL(すなわち、単位時間当たり利用できるグルコースの量が一定であり、かつ単位時間当たりその細胞が最大限に利用できるグルコースの量の80%以下である)の培地中で培養し、そして
b)細胞または培地から免疫グロブリンを回収する。
Man(α1-4)GlcNAc(β1-4)GlcNAc→Asn
からなり、末端GlcNAc残基に任意選択的Fuc(α1−6)結合をもつ。このコア構造の末端マンノースに次式をもつ2つの外側アームが結合している:
Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-2)Man(α1-6)→Man、および
Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc(β1-2)Man(α1-3)→Man
これらにおいて末端ガラクトース残基は任意選択的である(Man=マンノース、GlcNAc=N−アセチルグルコース、Gal=ガラクトース;Fuc=フコース)。
a)免疫グロブリンをコードする1以上の核酸を含む真核細胞、好ましくは哺乳動物細胞を、培地中の単位時間当たり利用できるグルコースの量が一定に維持され、かつ単位時間当たりその培地中でその細胞が最大限に利用できる量の80%未満の値に制限された培地中で培養し、そして
b)細胞または培地から免疫グロブリンを回収し、これにより免疫グロブリンを調製する。
qGlc=単一細胞の現時点のグルコース比消費速度;
qGlcmax=その単一細胞または同じ種類の単一細胞について既知の最大グルコース比消費速度。
限定ではないが、たとえば栄養素供給が不十分であると、培養細胞は不経済な状態で増殖して栄養素を最大速度で消費する。消費される培地栄養素のひとつはグルコースであり、これは培養細胞が細胞の代謝のためのエネルギーおよび構築ブロックを産生するために代謝する。過剰のグルコースの存在下では、細胞の代謝はグルコースについて最大の代謝回転速度で進行している。細胞が単位時間当たり最大限に利用できるグルコースの量は、たとえば、制限されたグルコースでの、すなわちその細胞が単位時間当たり利用できる量より少ないグルコース量での培養にも用いられる同じ培養条件を用いてまたは同じ培養条件下で培養された、過剰のグルコースの存在下で対数増殖している細胞のグルコース消費量から決定できる。この最大量は、固定した時間範囲の最初と最後の細胞密度およびグルコース濃度を測定することによって、容易に計算できる。この値は、普通は0.006から190mmol/時間/109細胞までの範囲にある(Baker, K.N., et al., Biotechnol. Bioeng. 73 (2001) 188-202; WO 98/41611; Muething, J., et al., Biotechnol. Bioeng. 83 (2003) 321-334; WO 2004/048556)。一態様において、標準的なプロセス条件下にpH7.0で、qGlcmaxは約0.142mmol/時間/109細胞である。
(グルコース添加量[グルコースpg/ml/時間])=
(現時点の細胞密度[細胞/ml])×(細胞の最大グルコース消費速度[グルコースpg/細胞/時間])×(DGL値)−培養容器内の培地中に存在するグルコースの量
一態様において、培養のpH値はpH6.5〜pH7.8である。他の態様において、pH値はpH6.9〜pH7.3である。さらに態様において、pH値はpH7.0〜7.2である。実施例1に概説するように、一定流加法で制限グルコース流加とpH値7.0を組み合わせると、pH値7.2と比較してM5含量を規定値、すなわち8%未満に効率的に調節できることが見出された。それぞれ7.0または7.2のpH値でフェドバッチ法での培養に際して、DGL制御法を用いるとM5含量を5.5%未満に調節できることが見出された。培養のpH値を低下させるとDGL値の低下によるM5量の増加に対抗できることが見出された。
本明細書に記述する方法では、糖構造体を含むいずれかのポリペプチド、たとえば免疫グロブリン、インターフェロン、サイトカイン、増殖因子、ホルモン、プラスミノーゲンアクチベーター、エリスロポエチンなどを調製できる。
細胞系:
組換え産生される免疫グロブリンのマンノース−5糖構造体の量を改変できるCHO細胞系の例は、EP 0 409 607およびUS 5,795,965による抗IL−6R抗体をコードする核酸を含むCHO細胞系である。この組換えCHO細胞の培養のためには、本発明の方法によるグルコース補給を実施できる限り、いかなる培地も使用できる。培地の例はIMDM、DMEMもしくはHamのF12培地、またはその組合わせであり、それらを培地成分とグルコースの質量比が受け継がれるように本明細書に記述する方法に適合させた。培地からグルコースを排除し、それを別個に培養に添加することもできる。
抗IL−6R抗体を発現するCHO細胞を1lまたは2lの発酵容器で培養した。流加培地は15〜40g/lのグルコースを含有していた。グルコースは、たとえば400g/lのグルコースを含有する別個の濃厚溶液で流加することができた。pH7.0から7.2までの範囲のpH値で培養を実施した。
IgGグリコシル化パターンの分析のために、Kondoらによる方法(Kondo, A., et al., Agric. Biol. Chem. 54 (1990) 2169-2170)を用いた。IgGを、培地の遠心上清から小規模プロテインAカラムを用いて精製した。精製IgGのオリゴ糖をN−グリコシダーゼF(Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany)により放出させ、還元末端を2−アミノピリジンで標識した。標識したオリゴ糖を逆相クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)により分析した。質量分析およびオリゴ糖の標準品の両方により、各ピークの帰属を判定した。
YSI 2700 SELECT(商標)分析計(YSI, Yellow Springs, OH, USA)を用い、製造業者のマニュアルに従った方法でグルコース濃度を測定した。
自動イメージプロセシングおよび分析システム(CEDEX(登録商標); Innovatis, Germany)、ならびにトリパンブルー色素排除法を用いて、生細胞密度を測定した。
DGL制御およびpHが抗体産生およびマンノース−5糖構造体(M5)含量に及ぼす影響
ヒト化した抗IL−6受容体抗体(トシリズマブ(Tocilizumab), RoACTEMRA(登録商標))を産生するCHO細胞株を用いて試験を実施した;これは、日本国公開特許公報第99902/1996の参考例2に記載された方法に従い、国際特許出願公開No. WO 92/19759 (US 5,795,965、US 5,817,790、およびUS 7,479,543に対応する)の例10に記述されたヒト伸長因子Iαプロモーターを用いて調製された。
種々のDGL値での培養
抗IL−6R抗体をコードする核酸を含むCHO細胞の培養を種々のDGL値で実施した。結果を下記の表4にまとめる。
実施例3
種々の流加法での培養
抗IL−6R抗体をコードする核酸を含むCHO細胞の培養を1種類のDGL値で、ただし種々の流加法を用いて実施した。結果を下記の表5にまとめる。
フェドバッチ方式による免疫グロブリン調製のためのグルコース制限度(DGL)制御
CHO細胞(8.0〜12×105細胞/ml)を前記の無血清培地に接種した。細胞を37℃、98%相対湿度、および10% CO2の雰囲気で増殖させた。フェドバッチ培養で、主発酵槽へ培養開始から2日目または3日目に流加するように、グルコースを含有する培地の流加を開始した。流加法はグルコース制限度(DGL)を制御するための米国特許出願公開公報 US 2006/0127975 A1による方法に従った。DGLは、観察されたグルコース比消費速度−対−これらの細胞が自由にグルコースを利用できる場合の既知の最大グルコース比消費速度の比として定義できる(DGL=Q(glc)/Q(glc)max,ここで、Q(glc)=現時点で観察されたグルコース比消費速度;Q(glc)max=これらの細胞についての既知の最大グルコース比消費速度)。
DGL制御がオリゴ糖のマンノース−5糖構造体およびガラクトシル化に及ぼす影響
DGL制御を用いるフェドバッチ培養により産生された免疫グロブリンについて、グリコシル化パターンを分析した。表6は、DGL制御フェドバッチ培養から得られた免疫グロブリンについてのオリゴ糖分析の結果を、一定流加法(流加速度:グルコース0.02g/時間)と比較して示す。8.0×105細胞/mlの接種サイズでは、マンノース−5糖構造体(M5)の含量は2.8%であった。10×105細胞/mlおよび12×105細胞/mlの接種サイズでは、M5含量はそれぞれ4.1%および3.8%であった。すべての培養条件で、DGL制御法はM5含量を5.0%未満に調節できた。
Claims (23)
- a)免疫グロブリンをコードする核酸を含む真核細胞を、培地中での単一細胞の現時点のグルコース比消費速度−対−その種類の細胞の既知の最大グルコース比消費速度の比が一定に維持された培地中で培養し、そして
b)培養物から免疫グロブリンを回収する
ことを含む、免疫グロブリンの調製方法。 - 比が0.8から0.2までであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 比が0.6から0.4までであることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の方法。
- a)免疫グロブリンをコードする核酸を含む真核細胞を、培地中の単位時間当たり利用できるグルコースの量が一定に維持され、かつ単位時間当たりその培地中でその細胞が最大限に利用できる量の80%未満の一定値に制限された培地中で培養し、そして
b)培養物から免疫グロブリンを回収する
ことを含む、免疫グロブリンの調製方法。 - 一定値が80%未満であって20%を超えることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 培養がフェドバッチ培養であることを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 培養がフェドバッチ培養であり、その際、流加を培養2日目または3日目に開始することを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 培養をpH6.5から7.5までのpH値で行なうことを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 培養をpH6.9から7.3までのpH値で行なうことを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 培養をpH6.95からpH7.05までのpH値、またはpH7.15からpH7.25までのpH値で行なうことを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 免疫グロブリンがクラスGまたはクラスEの免疫グロブリンであることを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 真核宿主細胞がCHO細胞、NS0細胞、HEK細胞、BHK細胞、ハイブリドーマ細胞、PER.C6(登録商標)細胞、昆虫細胞、およびSp2/0細胞を含む群から選択されることを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 真核細胞がチャイニーズハムスター卵巣(CHO)細胞であることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 宿主細胞の培養を6〜20日間実施することを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 免疫グロブリンが抗IL−6R抗体であることを特徴とする、前記請求項のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 免疫グロブリン調製物中におけるマンノース−5糖構造体を含む免疫グロブリンの量を減少させるための、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法の使用。
- 免疫グロブリンを含む組成物であって、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法で調製されたことを特徴とする組成物。
- 免疫グロブリンが抗IL−6R抗体であることを特徴とする、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 抗IL−6R抗体がトシリズマブを含むことを特徴とする、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 抗IL−6R抗体に結合したマンノース−5糖構造体が8%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項17〜19のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- マンノース−5糖構造体が6%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項20に記載の組成物。
- マンノース−5糖構造体が4%以下であることを特徴とする、請求項21に記載の組成物。
- 抗IL−6R抗体に結合したG(0)糖構造体が40%から46%までの範囲であり、抗IL−6R抗体に結合したG(2)糖構造体が9%から11%までの範囲であることを特徴とする、請求項18〜22のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
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